Anchoring cable limiter

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anchor cable position limiting device, including position limiter and guider, position limiter is including detachable connection's upper end position limiting part and lower end position limiting part, and the upper end position limiting part is equipped with the sleeve pipe, and the outlet end of sleeve pipe is used for limiting the jack top space position, and the lower end position limiting part is equipped with the clamping piece, and is used for limiting the jack bottom space position, and the upper end position limiting part and lower end position limiting part all are equipped with the hoop locking mechanism, and are used for the circumferential constraint jack displacement, and the guider is seted up with the mounting hole, and the mounting hole and the inlet end of sleeve pipe coaxial connection are used for introducing anchor cable and maintaining the steel strand dispersion state according to the predetermined angle, and the purpose is to solve the technical problem of steel strand easy shearing damage when anchor cable anti -pulling detection in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of geotechnical engineering anchoring technology, specifically to an anchor cable limiting device. Background Technology

[0002] Anchor cable pull-out testing is a key testing method in geotechnical anchoring engineering. Among them, distributed anchor cables are gradually being promoted and applied due to their advantages such as multi-unit graded stress and easy recycling after service life. Existing pull-out testing devices for distributed anchor cables follow the traditional method of testing integral anchor cables, using multiple parallel jacks to load each steel strand unit.

[0003] In actual testing, parallel-arranged jacks are prone to positional shifts or angular deflections during loading, causing lateral forces to form on the steel strands at the exit point. The steel strands, bearing tensile loads while experiencing lateral shear stress, are susceptible to localized stress concentration and even shear failure. Furthermore, the strands in distributed anchor cables typically emerge from the beam or structure at relatively small intervals, resulting in poor dispersion due to space constraints. When multiple jacks load simultaneously, lateral interference and compression can easily occur between the strands, causing them to deviate from their axial force path and even leading to shear failure.

[0004] In summary, during anchor cable pull-out testing, the steel strands are highly susceptible to shear failure. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a limiting device to reduce the probability of shear failure of the steel strands and ensure the accuracy and safety of decentralized anchor cable pull-out testing. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose an anchor cable limiting device to solve the technical problem that the steel strand is easily sheared and damaged during the pull-out test of anchor cables in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This utility model provides an anchor cable limiting device, comprising: a limiter, including a detachably connected upper limiting part and a lower limiting part, the upper limiting part being provided with a sleeve, the outlet end of the sleeve being used to limit the spatial position of the top of the jack; the lower limiting part being provided with a locking block, used to limit the spatial position of the bottom of the jack; both the upper limiting part and the lower limiting part being provided with a clamping locking mechanism, used to circumferentially constrain the displacement of the jack; and a guide, having an installation hole, the installation hole being coaxially connected to the inlet end of the sleeve, used to introduce the anchor cable at a predetermined angle and maintain the dispersed state of the steel strands.

[0007] In some embodiments, the upper limiting part and the lower limiting part are respectively provided with matching slots and buckles to achieve detachable connection.

[0008] In some embodiments, the card slot has a stepped slot structure, and the bottom slot width is greater than the top slot width.

[0009] In some embodiments, the limiter further includes a locking element for securing the engagement state of the slot and the buckle.

[0010] In some embodiments, the guide is provided with multiple mounting holes, each of which is connected to a limiter.

[0011] In some embodiments, the guide includes an access surface and a lead-out surface, with mounting holes penetrating both the access surface and the lead-out surface, and the hole spacing on the lead-out surface is greater than the hole spacing on the access surface.

[0012] In some embodiments, the inclination angle B between the mounting hole axis and the guide axis satisfies the relationship 30°≤B≤60°.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the inlet end of the sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the outlet end.

[0014] In some embodiments, the clamping mechanism is an elastic structure.

[0015] In some embodiments, the clamping locking mechanism includes an elastic arc member disposed opposite to the jack, wherein the inner diameter of the elastic arc member in its natural state is smaller than the outer diameter of the jack.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the anchor cable limiting device provided by this utility model constructs a continuous and stable guiding and limiting system from the steel strand lead-out to the loading position through the synergistic action of the guide and the limiter. On the one hand, the guide mounting hole and the limiting sleeve are arranged coaxially, enabling the steel strand to be accurately positioned and reasonably dispersed before lead-out and loading, avoiding random deflection and mutual interference. On the other hand, the limiter adopts an upper and lower double-end limiting structure and cooperates with a clamp locking mechanism to stably constrain the circumferential and axial attitude of the jack, ensuring that the loading direction of the jack is consistent with the force axis of the steel strand. Therefore, the device of this application can maintain the precise consistency of the force path between the jack and the steel strand during the loading cycle, significantly reducing the transmission of lateral additional force, effectively suppressing the occurrence of shear failure of the steel strand, and improving the safety of the pull-out test of the dispersed anchor cable. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view structural schematic diagram of an anchor cable limiting device provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of an anchor cable limiting device provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a slot and a buckle provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a guide provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10. Limiter; 11. Upper limiting part; 111. Sleeve; 12. Lower limiting part; 121. Locking block; 13. Clamping locking mechanism; 131. Elastic arc part; 14. Slot; 15. Buckle; 16. Locking part; 20. Guide; 21. Mounting hole; 22. Access surface; 23. Lead-out surface. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0020] To address the technical problem of easy shearing failure of steel strands during anchor cable pull-out testing in existing technologies, this invention provides an anchor cable limiting device that can reduce the probability of shearing failure of steel strands and ensure the accuracy and safety of distributed anchor cable pull-out testing.

[0021] It should be noted that the anchor cable limiting device described in this utility model is used for, but not limited to, anchor cable limiting. For ease of explanation, this utility model only uses the application of the anchor cable limiting device to anchor cable limiting as an example. The principle of the anchor cable limiting device applied to other types of equipment is essentially the same as that applied to anchor cable limiting, and will not be described in detail here.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of an anchor cable limiting device provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of an anchor cable limiting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The anchor cable limiting device includes a limiter 10 and a guide 20, which are used to constrain the jack during the distributed anchor cable pull-out load test, reduce the probability of shear failure of the steel strand during loading, and improve the safety and stability of the test process.

[0023] The limiter 10 includes a detachably connected upper limiting part 11 and a lower limiting part 12. The upper limiting part 11 is provided with a limiting sleeve 111 for accommodating the jack head. The outlet end of the limiting sleeve 111 extends along the loading direction of the jack, forming an end face limiting structure for limiting the spatial position of the top of the jack, so that the jack maintains the stability of its loading center axis direction during the loading process. The lower limiting part 12 is provided with a locking block 121 that abuts against the bottom of the jack. The locking block 121 serves as a bottom support surface and can effectively prevent the jack from becoming unstable and overturning during the loading process.

[0024] Furthermore, the upper limiting part 11 and the lower limiting part 12 are independent of each other and can be assembled after the jack is installed, thus adapting to jacks of various specifications and different dimensions, improving the convenience of on-site assembly. To enhance circumferential stability, both the upper limiting part 11 and the lower limiting part 12 are equipped with a clamp locking mechanism 13, which locks the outer periphery of the jack by clamping, limiting its radial displacement and rotational offset, so that the jack and the steel strand maintain the same axial force during the pressurization process.

[0025] The guide 20 is provided with a mounting hole 21, which is coaxially arranged with the inlet end of the limiting sleeve 111. The steel strands can pass through the mounting hole 21 and the limiting sleeve 111 in sequence, and complete the relatively accurate position distribution and guiding constraint before loading, so as to ensure that the steel strands maintain sufficient spacing during loading and avoid transverse shear stress caused by mutual contact and compression.

[0026] In this embodiment, a stable guiding and limiting system is constructed from the steel strand lead-out position to the loading device through the coordinated arrangement of the guide 20 and the limiter 10. The mounting hole 21 of the guide 20 is coaxially arranged with the limiting sleeve 111, which can pre-position the steel strand before the jack loads, so that the steel strand maintains its original dispersed state when it is led out, reducing interference between different steel strands.

[0027] Meanwhile, the limiter 10 adopts an upper and lower double-end limit structure. The upper limit sleeve 111 limits the position of the top of the jack, and the lower locking block 121 supports the bottom of the jack. In addition, the clamping locking mechanism 13 provides circumferential constraint on the outer periphery of the jack to ensure that the jack does not undergo radial displacement or angular deflection during loading.

[0028] Based on the above structural combination, this embodiment can effectively avoid the risk of shear failure caused by the deflection of the jack under pressure or insufficient dispersion of the steel strand, improve the uniformity of force distribution and the accuracy of test data during the anchor cable pull-out test, and enhance the safety and reliability of the operation process.

[0029] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a slot 14 and a buckle 15 provided in an embodiment of the present utility model. The upper limiting part 11 and the lower limiting part 12 are respectively provided with matching slot 14 and buckle 15 structures to realize the detachable connection between the two.

[0030] Specifically, the lower end of the upper limiting part 11 has a slot 14 extending along its axial direction, and the upper end of the lower limiting part 12 is provided with a buckle 15 that matches the shape of the slot 14. The slot 14 and the buckle 15 are connected by a plug-in structure. When the lower limiting part 12 is pushed in along the axial direction, the buckle 15 can be inserted into the slot 14, thereby forming a quick assembly and positioning.

[0031] During assembly, the operator first installs the upper limiting part 11 onto the top of the jack, placing the jack tip into its internal space. Then, the lower limiting part 12 is pushed into the slot 14 in the predetermined direction to complete the assembly. The entire insertion process requires no additional bolts or welding, reducing the tools needed for on-site construction and facilitating rapid installation by a single person in confined or high-altitude environments. Correspondingly, when disassembling the testing device, simply push the buckle 15 away in the opposite direction to separate the upper and lower parts, facilitating equipment recovery and reuse, and reducing the overall operating cost of the testing equipment.

[0032] In this embodiment, the upper limiting part 11 and the lower limiting part 12 are independent separate components, which can be adapted to jacks of different geometries and sizes. By simply adjusting the connection position between the slot 14 and the buckle 15, it can adapt to various anchor cable testing conditions. Therefore, this embodiment achieves rapid assembly and stable combination between components by adopting a detachable connection method of slot 14-buckle 15, which not only reduces assembly steps and improves construction efficiency, but also provides a basis for adaptability and flexible arrangement under different working conditions.

[0033] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the slot 14 is a stepped slot structure, which sequentially forms a narrow top slot section and a wide bottom slot section along the insertion direction perpendicular to the buckle 15. The bottom slot width is greater than the top slot width, and the two sections are transitioned by a stepped surface, which constitutes a shoulder for axial positioning. When the buckle 15 is inserted laterally into the slot 14, the bearing surface of the buckle 15 naturally fits against the axial positioning shoulder, thereby establishing a clear axial position reference in the immediate state after assembly, accurately defining the relative axial position between the upper and lower limiting parts, and avoiding axial loosening and cumulative displacement during loading.

[0034] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the bottom groove width of the slot 14 is greater than the top groove width, which to some extent prevents the slot 14 from detaching from the buckle 15. After the buckle 15 is inserted, the lower edge of the buckle 15 is covered by the bottom wide groove section and blocked by the inner step formed by the upper narrow groove section, forming a geometric lock when the buckle 15 tends to detach outward, thus forming a reliable anti-detachment constraint.

[0035] In one embodiment, the limiter 10 further includes a locking member 16 disposed in the connection area between the slot 14 and the buckle 15, for securing the mating state of the two after the buckle 15 is inserted into the slot 14 and positioned. The locking member 16 provides additional restraint in the assembled working state, preventing the buckle 15 from loosening or disengaging due to vibration, pulsating loads, or attitude disturbances during loading.

[0036] The locking element 16 can be a clamping structure surrounding the outer periphery of the slot 14. After locking, the clamping structure applies a radial clamping force to the outer wall of the slot 14, creating higher frictional damping at the contact interface between the buckle 15 and the slot 14, thereby improving connection stability in both the circumferential and depth directions. Furthermore, the locking element 16 can also take various forms such as bolt fasteners, metal retaining plates, or elastic locking elements, using mechanical limiting or clamping action to hold the buckle 15 in a predetermined position relative to the slot 14.

[0037] During loading and operation, the locking element 16 significantly suppresses the slight tendency of disengagement caused by external construction disturbances, hydraulic pressure fluctuations, or eccentric forces, ensuring that the overall spatial posture of the limiter 10 remains consistent with the jack axis. Consequently, the steel strand maintains a predominantly tensile force mode in the guide area and at the outlet end, avoiding localized stress concentration caused by lateral shear forces. This further reduces the risk of shear failure of the steel strand and improves the data stability, safety, and repeatability of the pull-out test.

[0038] In some optimized embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide 20 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The guide 20 is provided with multiple mounting holes 21, each mounting hole 21 forming a one-to-one docking relationship with a corresponding limiter 10. Each mounting hole 21 can be coaxially connected to the limiter 10 in a spatial position, so that the steel strand passing through the mounting hole 21 can continue to be led out in the same axial direction after entering the limiter 10. Through this one-to-one correspondence arrangement, each bundle of steel strands obtains precise guidance through an independent channel before loading, thereby maintaining its predetermined position distribution in space and avoiding compression, entanglement, or swaying between multiple bundles of steel strands.

[0039] Furthermore, each mounting hole 21 can be preset according to the original exit angle and inter-strand spacing of the anchor cable. By maintaining consistency with the anchor cable arrangement, the steel strands do not need to undergo additional bending or deflection when passing through the structure, achieving a natural and smooth force transmission path. Since the different mounting holes 21 have fixed orientations, the entire guide 20 can ensure that the multiple bundles of steel strands maintain a stable relative interval during loading, effectively reducing the shear stress caused by lateral interference between the steel strands.

[0040] Compared with traditional integral open or wide slot guide structures, this embodiment uses a combination of independent guide holes and independent limiters 10 for each bundle of steel strands, so that each loading unit has a clear and independent mechanical boundary during the force application process. The loading direction of the jack is also more accurate because it is aligned with the axial direction of each steel strand, eliminating the mutual influence and crosstalk between different loading units.

[0041] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a guide 20 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In some optimized embodiments, the guide 20 includes an access surface 22 and a lead-out surface 23 disposed opposite to each other. Mounting holes 21 are provided from the access surface 22 through the lead-out surface 23 for corresponding steel strands to pass through. To achieve distributed guidance of the steel strands, the center-to-center distance between the mounting holes 21 on the lead-out surface 23 is greater than the center-to-center distance between the mounting holes 21 on the access surface 22, creating a spatially expanding layout structure for the mounting holes 21 in the penetration direction. That is, when the steel strands pass through the guide 20, the spacing between them gradually increases with the direction of cable exit, thereby preventing the steel strands from being squeezed or tangled at the initial loading position.

[0042] In this embodiment, the access surface 22 corresponds to the original exit position of the anchor cable, and its hole spacing is matched with the anchor cable arrangement so that the steel strand does not need to bend excessively when entering the guide 20; while the exit surface 23 appropriately increases the hole spacing according to the actual installation size of the limiter 10, so that each bundle of steel strand can obtain a suitable spatial separation degree according to the shape and arrangement position of the jack after leaving the guide 20, reserving sufficient space for the reasonable arrangement of the limiter 10 and the stable operation of the jack.

[0043] Compared to guide structures with constant or randomly distributed hole spacing, this embodiment uses a segment-by-segment increasing spacing method to create a continuous and consistent gradual dispersion process for the steel strand from the inlet end to the connecting section of the limiter 10. This reduces the violent deflection or squeezing contact of the steel strand at the moment of exiting the guide 20, avoiding the generation of local lateral shear stress peaks. At the same time, this structure ensures that the jack and the steel strand maintain a good axial coordination relationship during loading, making it less likely to cause loading eccentricity or unit mechanical imbalance due to space constraints and squeezing effects.

[0044] In one embodiment, a preset inclination angle B is formed between the axis of the mounting hole and the axial direction of the guide 20, and this inclination angle satisfies 30°≤B≤60°. When the steel strand passes through the anchor cable body and enters the guide 20, the steel strand gradually deviates from the surface of the structure and diffuses into the external space under the inclined guidance of the mounting hole 21. By limiting the range of the inclination angle B, the steel strand achieves a smooth and force-direction-compliant guiding turn during its passage through the guide 20, avoiding sharp bends or hard zigzag deflections.

[0045] If the tilt angle B is less than 30°, the axis of the mounting hole 21 will be too close to the axis of the guide 20. The steel strand will be limited by the small offset angle during force transmission, resulting in insufficient dispersion effect and making it difficult to arrange the limiter 10 and jack properly. At the same time, the steel strands are prone to contact, compression or mutual interference in the early stage of loading, which can induce transverse shear stress.

[0046] If the inclination angle B is greater than 60°, the steel strand will deflect too much when passing through the guide 20, easily forming a bent section and a local stress concentration zone at the edge of the hole. When the jack applies tension, this bent section may become the trigger point for shear failure. In addition, an excessively large inclination angle may also increase the thickness of the guide 20, affecting the feasibility of on-site assembly and the lightweight design of the components.

[0047] In this embodiment, the tilt angle B is controlled within the range of 30° to 60°, which can achieve a balance between dispersion efficiency and force rationality, so that the steel strand can smoothly expand the axial tension path outward without generating excessive lateral deflection.

[0048] In one embodiment, the sleeve 111 of the limiter 10 adopts a conical structure, with its inlet inner diameter being smaller than its outlet inner diameter. That is, the sleeve 111 gradually expands from the inlet to the outlet to fit snugly against the shape of the jack head. When the jack is inserted into the sleeve 111, the upper conical surface of the jack can form a guiding contact along the gradually expanding inner wall of the sleeve 111. As the insertion depth increases, the contact area gradually increases, so that the jack and the sleeve 111 form a reliable contact in the circumferential direction.

[0049] The cone structure has self-centering and automatic correction functions: if the jack is slightly offset or tilted during installation, the inner wall of the cone will apply a corrective force in the axial direction, so that the jack gradually converges towards the central axis of the sleeve 111, and finally achieves a loading state that is consistent with the height of the steel strand axis.

[0050] Compared to a straight cylindrical structure with a constant diameter, the tapered sleeve 111 can improve connection stability through a gradual fitting and tightening method, thereby effectively preventing the jack from swaying, twisting, or lateral slippage during loading. In addition, the fitting interface can form distributed support when subjected to load, avoiding excessive local contact compressive stress, which helps to improve the wear resistance and service life of the sleeve 111 and the jack.

[0051] In one embodiment, the clamp locking mechanism 13 is an elastic structure. The clamp body can be made of metal or engineering elastic material with elastic recovery properties, and the clamp's radial deformation is controllable. In the assembled state, the operator can manually or with simple tools expand the clamp outward to fit it around the limiter 10 and the outer wall of the jack; then, thanks to the elastic recovery of the material itself, it automatically tightens and forms a tight fit with the covered surface, thereby completing the locking and fixing without the need for additional fasteners.

[0052] This elastic structure can generate a continuous and stable circumferential clamping force between the limiter 10 and the jack during loading. Even under vibration, periodic loads, temperature changes, or slight deformation, the clamp can still continuously apply restraint, suppressing gaps or loosening between the connecting parts, restoring the coaxial state of the limiter 10, effectively suppressing the rotation or deflection of the jack, and ensuring that the loading direction is always consistent with the axial direction of the steel strand. As a result, the steel strand maintains a predominantly tensile stress state during loading, and will not suffer local shear damage due to additional lateral forces, thus significantly reducing the risk of shear failure of the steel strand and improving test safety and data stability.

[0053] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the clamping mechanism 13 includes two opposing elastic arc members 131, which are spaced apart in the circumferential direction and surround the outer periphery of the jack. The inner diameter of the elastic arc member 131 in its natural state is smaller than the outer diameter of the jack. When the clamp is fitted onto the outside of the jack, the elastic arc member 131 undergoes radial expansion deformation and rebounds to adhere tightly to the outer wall of the jack after the external force is released, forming a continuous radial clamping force.

[0054] Through the above structure, the elastic arc component 131 automatically applies clamping pressure based on its material elasticity and geometric recovery capability, forming a stable connection between the limiter 10 and the jack without relying on additional fasteners such as bolts or welding. Simultaneously, because the elastic arc component 131 has a segmented structure, its alignment can be adjusted according to the jack's shape, giving it self-adaptive guiding characteristics during assembly and reducing eccentric fit caused by assembly errors.

[0055] The specific embodiments of this utility model described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. An anchor cable limiting device, characterized in that, include: The limiter includes a detachably connected upper limit part and a lower limit part. The upper limit part is provided with a sleeve, and the outlet end of the sleeve is used to limit the spatial position of the top of the jack. The lower limit part is provided with a locking block to limit the spatial position of the bottom of the jack. Both the upper limit part and the lower limit part are provided with a clamping locking mechanism to circumferentially restrain the displacement of the jack. The guide has an installation hole that is coaxially connected to the inlet end of the sleeve, and is used to introduce the anchor cable at a predetermined angle and maintain the dispersion of the steel strands.

2. The anchor cable limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper limiting part and the lower limiting part are respectively provided with matching slots and buckles to achieve detachable connection.

3. The anchor cable limiting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The card slot has a stepped groove structure, and the bottom groove width is greater than the top groove width.

4. The anchor cable limiting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiter also includes a locking element, which is used to fix the engagement state of the slot and the buckle.

5. The anchor cable limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide is provided with multiple mounting holes, and each mounting hole is connected to the limiter.

6. The anchor cable limiting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guide includes an access surface and a lead-out surface, the mounting hole penetrates the access surface and the lead-out surface, and the hole spacing on the lead-out surface is greater than the hole spacing on the access surface.

7. The anchor cable limiting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inclination angle B between the axis of the mounting hole and the axis of the guide satisfies the relationship 30°≤B≤60°.

8. The anchor cable limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the inlet end of the sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the outlet end.

9. The anchor cable limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamp locking mechanism is an elastic structure.

10. The anchor cable limiting device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The clamp locking mechanism includes elastic arc members arranged opposite each other, and the inner diameter of the elastic arc members in their natural state is smaller than the outer diameter of the jack.

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