A digging head structure and a digging and conveying machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of head structure and excavator, belong to building construction technical field. Including: rotary head;Vehicle body connecting arm and intermediate connecting arm, vehicle body connecting arm is used to be connected with vehicle body, intermediate connecting arm is at least provided with a section, rotary head, intermediate connecting arm, vehicle body connecting arm are sequentially connected;First hydraulic cylinder is equipped between vehicle body connecting arm and vehicle body;Second hydraulic cylinder is equipped between vehicle body connecting arm and intermediate connecting arm;Third hydraulic cylinder is equipped between two adjacent sections of intermediate connecting arm;Fourth hydraulic cylinder is equipped between intermediate connecting arm and rotary head. The structure can be realized rotary head to the step-by-step folding storage of vehicle body front side under transport state, reduce the longitudinal dimension of whole machine, facilitate driving on road;In operating state, multiple intermediate connecting arms can be unfolded into a spatial attitude with continuous curvature, so that the conveying belt arranged inside the connecting arm naturally forms an approximately parabolic rising path, effectively supporting the upward conveying of materials smoothly and continuously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of building construction technology, specifically relating to a digging head structure and a digging and conveying machine. Background Technology

[0002] Excavators and conveyors, as a type of engineering machinery that integrates excavation and material conveying functions, are widely used in excavation projects in underground spaces such as basements, parking lots, and subway stations. Their core components typically include the vehicle body, connecting arm system, and a rotary excavator head installed at the front end. Some models also integrate a continuous conveyor belt system to achieve a highly efficient "excavating and conveying at the same time" operation mode.

[0003] However, existing excavators still have several significant structural design flaws that limit their operating efficiency, transportation convenience, and ability to adapt to complex working conditions:

[0004] Firstly, existing excavators generally use a single- or double-section rigid connecting arm structure, lacking a multi-section foldable intermediate connecting arm design. During the transfer of the equipment from storage or repair shop to the construction site, the fixed length of the connecting arm and its inability to fold effectively prevents the front rotary excavator head from retracting inwards and being stored in the front area of ​​the machine. This not only significantly increases the overall size of the machine during transport, raising road traffic difficulties and transportation costs, but also poses a significant safety hazard due to potential damage from collisions involving protruding parts during transport.

[0005] Secondly, for excavators equipped with built-in conveyor belt systems, the number of connecting arm sections directly determines the spatial shape of the conveying path. Existing equipment, due to insufficient connecting arm sections (usually only one or two), struggles to create a parabolic conveying channel with a reasonable angle and curvature during excavation operations. An ideal parabolic shape is crucial for the stable and continuous upward transport of materials excavated by the rotary excavator (such as soil, gravel, or slag) to the main conveyor belt on the excavator body. If the conveyor belt path is too straight or has sharp turns, it can easily lead to material slippage, accumulation, or even blockage during transport, severely impacting operational continuity and overall efficiency.

[0006] In summary, existing excavators have significant shortcomings in terms of structural flexibility and material conveying performance: on the one hand, they cannot meet the compact storage requirements during transportation, and on the other hand, they are difficult to construct efficient material lifting and conveying paths. Utility Model Content

[0007] This utility model addresses the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by proposing a digging head structure and digging machine that can both meet the compact storage requirements during transportation and construct an efficient material lifting and conveying path.

[0008] This utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A digging head structure, comprising:

[0010] Rotary excavator;

[0011] The vehicle body connecting arm and the intermediate connecting arm are provided. The vehicle body connecting arm is used to connect to the vehicle body, and the intermediate connecting arm has at least one segment.

[0012] The rotary excavator head, the intermediate connecting arm, and the vehicle body connecting arm are connected in sequence;

[0013] A first hydraulic cylinder is provided between the vehicle body connecting arm and the vehicle body;

[0014] A second hydraulic cylinder is provided between the vehicle body connecting arm and the intermediate connecting arm;

[0015] When the intermediate connecting arm is provided in two or more sections, a third hydraulic cylinder is provided between two adjacent sections of the intermediate connecting arm.

[0016] A fourth hydraulic cylinder is provided between the intermediate connecting arm and the rotary excavator head.

[0017] As a further improvement of this utility model, the first hydraulic cylinder is provided with two cylinders, the mounting end of which is hinged to the vehicle body, and the output shafts are respectively hinged to both sides of the vehicle body connecting arm.

[0018] As a further improvement of this utility model, the second hydraulic cylinder is provided with two cylinders, the mounting ends of which are hinged to both sides of the vehicle body connecting arm, and the output shafts of which are hinged to both sides of the intermediate connecting arm.

[0019] As a further improvement of this utility model, the mounting end of the third hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top surface of the first intermediate connecting arm, and the output shaft of the third hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the end of the second intermediate connecting arm.

[0020] As a further improvement of this utility model, the mounting end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top surface of the intermediate connecting arm, and its output shaft is hinged to the end of the rotary excavator.

[0021] As a further improvement of this utility model, the rotary excavator includes a connecting frame and an excavator head, the output shaft of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is connected to the connecting frame, and the excavator head is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame.

[0022] As a further improvement of this utility model, the intermediate connecting arm used to connect with the rotary excavator has a connecting plate at its end, and the connecting plate is connected to the connecting frame.

[0023] As a further improvement of this utility model, the excavator head is provided with a rotary track, and the rotary track is provided with a number of toothed plates at intervals.

[0024] As a further improvement of this utility model, a first conveyor belt is provided within the frame of the intermediate connecting arm and the vehicle body connecting arm, and a second conveyor belt is provided on the vehicle body. The rotary excavator, the first conveyor belt, and the second conveyor belt are connected in sequence.

[0025] A digging and conveying machine with the above-mentioned digging head structure is also provided.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. Significantly improves operating range and adaptability: The multi-section connecting arm structure, combined with multi-stage hydraulic cylinder coordinated control, not only allows the rotary excavator head to be folded inward during transportation, reducing the overall size of the machine, but also greatly expands the operating envelope of the excavator – enabling deeper vertical digging depths and raising the unloading height to meet diverse working conditions.

[0028] 2. Construct an efficient and stable material conveying channel: When the multi-segment boom is deployed, it can form a continuous and smooth parabolic posture, which allows the built-in first conveyor belt to naturally match the material's rising dynamics, effectively preventing slump, accumulation, or blockage, and ensuring efficient and continuous conveying from the excavation point to the main conveyor belt of the vehicle body.

[0029] 3. Enhanced structural rigidity and operational reliability: Through dual-sided symmetrical hydraulic drive, modular rotary excavator head design (including toothed rotary tracks), and rigid docking structure of connecting plate-frame, the machine can maintain stable posture and precise movement under heavy load and high frequency operation, significantly improving soil breaking efficiency, material handling capacity, and long-term operational reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the excavator head structure and the vehicle body of this utility model.

[0031] In the diagram, 100 is the rotary excavator head; 101 is the connecting frame; 102 is the excavator head; 1021 is the rotary track; 1022 is the toothed plate; 110 is the intermediate connecting arm; 111 is the connecting plate; 120 is the vehicle body connecting arm; 130 is the first hydraulic cylinder; 140 is the second hydraulic cylinder; 150 is the third hydraulic cylinder; 160 is the fourth hydraulic cylinder; 170 is the first conveyor belt; 200 is the vehicle body; and 210 is the second conveyor belt. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The technical methods of the present invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a digging head structure, including:

[0034] 100mm rotary excavator;

[0035] The body connecting arm 120 and the intermediate connecting arm 110 are provided. The body connecting arm 120 is used to connect with the body 200, and the intermediate connecting arm 110 has at least one section.

[0036] The rotary excavator head 100, the intermediate connecting arm 110, and the vehicle body connecting arm 120 are connected in sequence;

[0037] A first hydraulic cylinder 130 is provided between the body connecting arm 120 and the body 200;

[0038] A second hydraulic cylinder 140 is provided between the body connecting arm 120 and the intermediate connecting arm 110;

[0039] When the intermediate connecting arm 110 is provided in two or more sections, a third hydraulic cylinder 150 is provided between two adjacent intermediate connecting arms 110.

[0040] A fourth hydraulic cylinder 160 is provided between the intermediate connecting arm 110 and the rotary excavator head 100.

[0041] Through the coordinated operation of the multi-segment connecting arms and multi-stage hydraulic cylinders, this structure can achieve the step-by-step folding and storage of the rotary excavator head 100 towards the front of the vehicle body 200 during transportation: the first hydraulic cylinder 130 drives the vehicle body connecting arm 120 to retract downwards, the second hydraulic cylinder 140 and the possible third hydraulic cylinder 150 sequentially drive each segment of the intermediate connecting arm 110 to bend inwards, and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 160 pulls the rotary excavator head 100 close to the front end of the vehicle body 200, thereby significantly reducing the longitudinal dimensions of the entire machine and facilitating its operation on roads.

[0042] In operation, the multi-segment intermediate connecting arm 110 can be deployed into a spatial posture with continuous curvature under the independent or linkage control of each hydraulic cylinder, so that the conveyor belt arranged inside the connecting arm naturally forms an upward path of approximately parabolic curve, effectively supporting the smooth and continuous upward transport of materials from the low-level digging point, avoiding material slippage or blockage, and significantly improving digging efficiency and operational stability.

[0043] In addition, this multi-segment connecting arm structure can greatly increase the deepest digging and highest conveying height of the excavator.

[0044] Specifically, the following is the installation layout of the first hydraulic cylinder 130, the second hydraulic cylinder 140, the third hydraulic cylinder 150, and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 160:

[0045] Preferably, two first hydraulic cylinders 130 are provided, with their mounting ends hinged to the vehicle body 200 and their output shafts hinged to both sides of the vehicle body connecting arm 120. By symmetrically arranging two first hydraulic cylinders 130 on both sides of the vehicle body 200, a balanced pitch driving force can be applied to the vehicle body connecting arm 120, which not only improves the stability of the overall structure during the lifting process, but also effectively prevents twisting or swaying caused by unilateral force, ensuring that the excavator structure operates smoothly and reliably under heavy load conditions.

[0046] Preferably, there are two second hydraulic cylinders 140, with their mounting ends hinged to both sides of the vehicle body connecting arm 120 and their output shafts hinged to both sides of the intermediate connecting arm 110. The two symmetrically arranged second hydraulic cylinders 140 can synchronously drive the intermediate connecting arm 110 to pitch relative to the vehicle body connecting arm 120, thereby enhancing joint rigidity, preventing the intermediate connecting arm 110 from lateral swaying during excavation or conveying, and providing a stable initial attitude control basis for the subsequent unfolding and folding of the multi-segment arm.

[0047] Preferably, the mounting end of the third hydraulic cylinder 150 is hinged to the top surface of the first intermediate connecting arm 110, and the output shaft of the third hydraulic cylinder 150 is hinged to the end of the second intermediate connecting arm 110. This arrangement enables the third hydraulic cylinder 150 to efficiently drive the adjacent intermediate connecting arms 110 to form continuous bending or extending movements during extension and retraction. It is especially suitable for three-section and above arm structures, which helps to create a smooth spatial curve during operation and achieve compact folding during transportation, thereby improving the overall flexibility and space adaptability of the machine.

[0048] Preferably, the mounting end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 160 is hinged to the top surface of the intermediate connecting arm 110, and its output shaft is hinged to the end of the rotary digger head 100. This mounting method allows the fourth hydraulic cylinder 160 to directly control the pitch angle of the rotary digger head 100. Combined with the front-end rotation function, it enables precise adjustment of the digging depth and material throwing direction. At the same time, in the retracted state, the digger head can be tightly fitted above the last section of the intermediate connecting arm 110, further reducing the overall machine profile.

[0049] Overall, the rational layout of the hydraulic cylinders not only enables the coordinated folding and unfolding of the multi-segment connecting arms, effectively solving the problem that the rotary excavator head 100 cannot retract during transportation, but also provides a structural foundation for the subsequent internal conveyor belt to form a stable parabolic conveying path by constructing a boom shape with continuous curvature, thereby significantly improving the equipment's transportation convenience, operational stability, and material conveying efficiency.

[0050] Preferably, the rotary excavator 100 includes a connecting frame 101 and an excavator head 102. The output shaft of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 160 is connected to the connecting frame 101. The excavator head 102 is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame 101. Meanwhile, an intermediate connecting arm 110 for connecting with the rotary excavator 100 has a connecting plate 111 at its end, and the connecting plate 111 is connected to the connecting frame 101.

[0051] This structural design modularizes the function of the rotary excavator head 100. The connecting frame 101, as the main load-bearing structure for force and attitude adjustment, is directly driven by the fourth hydraulic cylinder 160 to achieve overall pitching motion. The excavator head 102 is independently mounted on the connecting frame 101 via a rotary mechanism, allowing it to rotate continuously during operation and improving soil breaking and material removal efficiency. The connecting plate 111 at the end of the intermediate connecting arm 110 is securely connected to the connecting frame 101, enhancing the connection rigidity between the excavator head and the boom.

[0052] This layout balances structural strength, mobility, and functional integration, effectively supporting the efficient and stable operation of the excavator under complex working conditions.

[0053] Preferably, the excavator head 102 is equipped with a rotary track 1021, and a number of toothed plates 1022 are spaced apart on the rotary track 1021. During excavation, the rotary track 1021 actively grabs and crushes soil, gravel or loose materials by using the toothed plates 1022 during rotation, which significantly enhances the cutting ability and material grabbing efficiency. The spaced arrangement of the toothed plates 1022 ensures sufficient digging biting force and avoids excessive resistance or material jamming caused by excessive density.

[0054] Meanwhile, the continuous motion characteristics of the rotary track 1021 enable the smooth stripping and initial backward conveying of materials, creating favorable conditions for the efficient relay conveying of the subsequent conveyor belt system, and improving the overall adaptability and operational continuity of the excavator under different geological conditions.

[0055] Preferably, a first conveyor belt 170 is provided within the frame of the intermediate connecting arm 110 and the vehicle body connecting arm 120, while a second conveyor belt 210 is provided on the vehicle body 200, and the rotary excavator head 100, the first conveyor belt 170, and the second conveyor belt 210 are connected in sequence.

[0056] This structure integrates the conveying system inside the connecting arm, allowing the excavated material to fall directly into the first conveyor belt 170 after being unloaded from the rotary excavator head 100, and then continuously transition to the second conveyor belt 210 on the vehicle body 200 via the vehicle body connecting arm 120, forming a continuous and seamless material conveying channel.

[0057] Since the intermediate connecting arm 110 can adjust its posture in multiple stages, the first conveyor belt 170 forms a smooth upward path (approximately a parabola) that conforms to the material dynamics characteristics, effectively overcoming the problems of material falling back, accumulating or blocking caused by sudden changes in conveying angle or excessively straight path in traditional short-arm structures.

[0058] Meanwhile, the conveyor belt is embedded in the boom frame, which not only saves external space and improves the overall compactness of the machine, but also protects the conveying mechanism and reduces wear and interference in the working environment, thereby significantly improving the continuity, reliability and overall efficiency of excavation and conveying operations.

[0059] The present invention also provides a digging machine, including a body 200 and the above-mentioned digging head structure.

[0060] The technical means disclosed in this utility model are not limited to those described above, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. The above are specific embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications are also considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0061] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0062] Furthermore, in this utility model, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "a" is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. The terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] The technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other, but only if they can be implemented by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope claimed by this utility model.

[0064] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A digging head structure, characterized in that, include: Rotary excavator; The vehicle body connecting arm and the intermediate connecting arm are provided. The vehicle body connecting arm is used to connect to the vehicle body, and the intermediate connecting arm has at least one segment. The rotary excavator head, the intermediate connecting arm, and the vehicle body connecting arm are connected in sequence; A first hydraulic cylinder is provided between the vehicle body connecting arm and the vehicle body; A second hydraulic cylinder is provided between the vehicle body connecting arm and the intermediate connecting arm; When the intermediate connecting arm is provided in two or more sections, a third hydraulic cylinder is provided between two adjacent sections of the intermediate connecting arm. A fourth hydraulic cylinder is provided between the intermediate connecting arm and the rotary excavator head.

2. The excavator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first hydraulic cylinder is provided in two parts, with its mounting end hinged to the vehicle body and its output shafts respectively hinged to both sides of the vehicle body connecting arm.

3. The excavator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second hydraulic cylinder is provided in two parts, with its mounting end hinged to both sides of the vehicle body connecting arm and its output shaft hinged to both sides of the intermediate connecting arm.

4. The excavator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting end of the third hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top surface of the preceding intermediate connecting arm, and the output shaft of the third hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the end of the following intermediate connecting arm.

5. The excavator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top surface of the intermediate connecting arm, and its output shaft is hinged to the end of the rotary excavator.

6. The excavator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary excavator includes a connecting frame and an excavator head. The output shaft of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is connected to the connecting frame, and the excavator head is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame.

7. A digging head structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intermediate connecting arm, which is used to connect with the rotary excavator, has a connecting plate at its end, and the connecting plate is connected to the connecting frame.

8. A digging head structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The excavator head is equipped with a rotary track, and the rotary track is provided with a number of toothed plates at intervals.

9. A digging head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate connecting arm and the vehicle body connecting arm are equipped with a first conveyor belt within their frame, and a second conveyor belt is provided on the vehicle body. The rotary excavator, the first conveyor belt, and the second conveyor belt are connected in sequence.

10. A digging and conveying machine, characterized in that, It has a digging head structure as described in any one of claims 1-9 above.

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