ecological grassed swale

Abstract

The utility model provides an ecological grassed swale, including main part structure setting in the below side of road slope direction, the section of main part structure perpendicular to extension direction is low in the middle and high on both sides shape setting, main part structure top lower than road surface setting, between road edge lower extreme and main part structure top is equipped with original soil layer, the original soil layer upper surface is by the road edge towards the body structure top close to downwardly inclined extension, the water inlet structure setting in the edge of road close to main part structure side, the water inlet structure is equipped with the opening, the opening is equipped with filter structure close to road one side, the opening is equipped with anti -scouring layer close to main part structure one side, the drainage structure includes perforated pipe, overflow pipe and drainage pipeline, the perforated pipe extends along main part structure direction and is equipped with in gravel drainage layer lower side, the perforated pipe surface opening, outside is wrapped water -permeable geotextile. This application has the effect of effectively reducing the water inlet scouring, and does not influence the grassed swale biological retention and drainage function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of municipal drainage technology, specifically, it relates to an ecological grass-covered ditch. Background Technology

[0002] Initial rainwater, the surface runoff formed in the early stages of rainfall, carries various pollutants such as dust, garbage, and oil. If left untreated and directly entering the urban stormwater drainage network, it will severely pollute receiving water bodies and damage the aquatic ecosystem. Sponge city technology is one of the effective means to control initial rainwater pollution. Employing a strategy of "infiltration, retention, storage, purification, utilization, and drainage," it can effectively reduce pollutants in the water. Vegetated swales, a type of bioretention facility within sponge city technology, are open channels covered with vegetation to collect, transport, and purify rainwater. The main types include transfer-type vegetated swales, infiltration-type dry vegetated swales, and wet vegetated swales that are frequently filled with water. In areas such as municipal roads, industrial parks, and commercial areas, infiltration-type dry vegetated swales are often used to achieve natural infiltration, filtration, and transport of rainwater.

[0003] Patent document CN214497782U discloses a novel ecological drainage ditch, including a municipal road. A grassed ditch is provided on one side of the municipal road, with a front slope and a rear slope. The grassed ditch connects to the municipal road through the front slope. The grassed ditch is constructed of brick or concrete and includes a gravel layer, a fine sand layer below the gravel layer, and a soil layer below the fine sand layer. The soil layer is filled to the bottom slab of the ditch, which slopes towards the side where the municipal road is located. Shrubs are planted in the soil layer. A perforated drainage pipe is provided in the soil layer, positioned at a high point on the bottom slab of the ditch, with the opening of the perforated drainage pipe facing upwards towards the side where the municipal road is located. The opening of the perforated drainage pipe is covered with a semi-permeable membrane.

[0004] However, the design structure of patent document CN214497782U is relatively simple, the inlet is easily eroded, leading to soil erosion, and it lacks functional areas with different functions to coordinate the water intake process, biological retention process and drainage process.

[0005] In order to effectively reduce the scouring of the inlet without affecting the biological retention and drainage functions of the grassed swale, this utility model designs an ecological grassed swale, which solves the above-mentioned problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an ecological grassed swale.

[0007] An ecological grass-covered swale according to the present invention includes: a water inlet structure, a main structure, and a drainage structure; The main structure is located on the lower side of the road slope. The main structure extends horizontally along one side of the road. The cross-section of the main structure perpendicular to the extension direction is shaped as low in the middle and high on both sides. The top of the main structure is set below the road surface, and an original soil layer is provided between the lower end of the road edge and the top of the main structure. The upper surface of the original soil layer extends downward from the road edge toward the top of the main structure. The water inlet structure is located on the edge of the road near the main structure. The water inlet structure has an opening that extends upward along the road surface height. A filter structure is provided on the side of the opening near the road, and an anti-erosion layer is provided on the side of the opening near the main structure. The main structure includes a soil layer, an impermeable geotextile, a gravel drainage layer, a permeable geotextile, and a planting soil layer, which are stacked in order from bottom to top, and each layer has a uniform thickness; plants are planted on top of the planting soil layer. The drainage structure includes perforated pipes, overflow pipes, and drainage pipes; The perforated pipe extends along the main structure and passes through the gravel drainage layer on the lower side. The perforated pipe has holes on its surface and is wrapped with permeable geotextile on the outside. The drainage pipe extends vertically, with its bottom end connected to a rainwater well and its top end connected to a perforated pipe. The overflow pipe is connected to the drainage pipe and extends vertically upward, and the top of the overflow pipe is provided with a rainwater overflow outlet. The opening height of the rainwater overflow outlet is not higher than the top of the impermeable geotextile.

[0008] Preferably, the water inlet structure includes a curbstone, which is disposed at the edge of the road, extends above the road, and has an opening that is narrower at the bottom and wider at the top.

[0009] Preferably, the filter structure includes a filter screen, which is housed in the opening of the curbstone and extends upward from the road surface level. The filter screen connects the curbstone side near the road and the side near the main structure.

[0010] Preferably, the anti-erosion layer includes a gravel layer, which is disposed on the side of the filter screen close to the main structure, and the gravel layer extends along the extension direction of the main structure and is wider than the filter screen; Plants are planted around the gravel layer.

[0011] Preferably, the subgrade layer is the original soil layer after the main structure is excavated at a preset position. The subgrade layer is formed by leveling and compacting the original soil layer. The bottom wall of the subgrade layer is perpendicular to the tangent of the main structure's extension direction and is an inclined surface sloping towards the center. The bottom wall of the subgrade layer forms vertically upward-extending sidewalls on both sides.

[0012] Preferably, the impermeable geotextile is laid flat on the bottom wall of the soil layer, the impermeable geotextile is impermeable to water, the two sides of the impermeable geotextile extend upward to the upper surface of the main structure, and the top of the impermeable geotextile is not lower than the rainwater overflow outlet.

[0013] Preferably, the gravel drainage layer is made of gravel, which is evenly laid on the bottom wall of the impermeable geotextile.

[0014] Preferably, the permeable geotextile is laid on top of the gravel drainage layer and filters the water coming from the upper layer. The edge of the permeable geotextile extends upward to the upper surface of the main structure, and its top is not lower than the rainwater overflow outlet.

[0015] Preferably, the planting soil layer includes planting soil and fine sand, which are mixed evenly and laid out and contained in a permeable geotextile. Turf, terrestrial or semi-hygrophytic plants are planted on the planting soil layer.

[0016] Preferably, the perforated tube has evenly spaced perforations on its surface, and the end of the perforated tube away from the drainage pipe is sealed. The rainwater overflow outlet is anti-clogging type, and the top of the rainwater overflow outlet has evenly spaced openings around its circumference.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: by setting a filter at the opening of the water inlet structure, the amount of garbage and debris entering the ditch is reduced; an anti-erosion layer is set behind the opening of the water inlet structure to prevent soil erosion caused by water flow impact; after the rainwater enters the main structure, it is purified by the multi-layer filter structure and the perforated pipe and drainage pipe at the bottom of the ditch before being discharged into the municipal rainwater pipe network; an overflow pipe opening higher than the bottom of the ditch is set in the ditch to avoid garbage accumulation and blockage, while also ensuring a certain hydraulic retention time and timely discharge of excess rainwater, realizing the systematic natural infiltration, filtration and transmission of rainwater in multiple scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Other features, objects, and advantages of this invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water inlet structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the perforated tube structure of this utility model.

[0021] The diagram shows: 1. Road; 2. Water inlet structure; 3. Main structure; 4. Drainage structure; 5. Curbstone; 6. Filter screen; 7. Gravel layer; 8. Original soil layer; 9. Plain soil layer; 10. Impermeable geotextile; 11. Gravel drainage layer; 12. Permeable geotextile; 13. Planting soil layer; 14. Perforated pipe; 15. Overflow pipe; 16. Drainage pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1-3 As shown, an ecological grassed swale includes an inlet structure 2, a main structure 3, and a drainage structure 4.

[0024] The main structure 3 is located on the lower side of the slope of road 1. The main structure 3 extends horizontally along one side of road 1, and its cross-section perpendicular to the extension direction is low in the middle and high on both sides. The top of the main structure 3 is lower than the road surface of road 1. An original soil layer 8 is located between the lower edge of road 1 and the top of the main structure 3. The upper surface of the original soil layer 8 extends downwards from the edge of road 1 towards the top of the main structure 3. The water inlet structure 2 is located on the edge of road 1 near the main structure 3. The water inlet structure 2 has an opening extending upwards along the road surface height of road 1. A filter structure is located on the side of the opening closest to road 1, and an erosion protection layer is located on the side of the opening closest to the main structure 3.

[0025] The main structure 3 includes a soil layer 9, an impermeable geotextile 10, a gravel drainage layer 11, a permeable geotextile 12, and a planting soil layer 13, which are stacked sequentially from bottom to top, with each layer having a uniform thickness. Plants are planted on top of the planting soil layer 13. The drainage structure 4 includes a perforated pipe 14, an overflow pipe 15, and a drainage pipe 16. The perforated pipe 14 is inserted into the gravel drainage layer 11 on the lower side and extends along the direction of the main structure 3. The surface of the perforated pipe 14 is perforated, and the outside is wrapped with permeable geotextile (12) to prevent gravel from entering the perforated pipe 14. The drainage pipe 16 extends vertically, with its bottom end connected to a rainwater well and its top end connected to the perforated pipe 14. The overflow pipe 15 is connected to the drainage pipe 16 and extends vertically upward, and the top end of the overflow pipe 15 is provided with a rainwater overflow outlet. The opening height of the rainwater overflow outlet is not higher than the top end of the impermeable geotextile 10.

[0026] The working principle of this application is as follows: a filter is set at the opening of the water inlet structure 2 to reduce the amount of garbage and debris entering the ditch. An anti-erosion layer is set behind the opening of the water inlet structure 2 to prevent soil erosion caused by water flow. After the rainwater enters the main structure 3, it is purified by the multi-layer filter structure and the perforated pipe 14 and drainage pipe 16 at the bottom of the ditch and then discharged into the municipal rainwater pipe network. A rainwater overflow outlet higher than the bottom of the ditch is set in the ditch to avoid garbage accumulation and blockage, while also ensuring a certain hydraulic retention time and timely discharge of excess rainwater, so as to realize the systematic natural infiltration, filtration and transmission of rainwater in multiple scenarios.

[0027] Specifically, the water inlet structure 2 includes a curbstone 5, which is located at the edge of the road 1, extends above the road 1, and has an opening that is narrower at the bottom and wider at the top. The filtration structure includes a filter screen 6, which is housed in the opening of the curbstone 5 and extends upwards from the road surface level of the road 1. The filter screen 6 connects the side of the curbstone 5 near the road 1 and the side near the main structure 3. The filter screen 6 prevents debris and garbage from rainwater from entering the vegetated swale and disperses the impact force of the water flow. The erosion control layer includes a gravel layer 7, which is located on the side of the filter screen 6 near the main structure 3 and extends along the direction of the main structure 3 and is wider than the filter screen 6. Vegetation is planted around the gravel layer 7 to prevent long-term erosion of the original soil layer 8.

[0028] In one embodiment, the filter screen 6 is made of stainless steel, with a 60-degree angle between its inclined side and the ground, a bottom width of 20cm-50cm, and regularly arranged rectangular openings formed on the filter screen 6.

[0029] In one embodiment, the gravel layer 7 of the erosion protection layer uses gravel with a diameter of 20mm-50mm.

[0030] Specifically, the subgrade layer 9 is located in the original soil layer 8 after the main structure 3 has been excavated to its predetermined position. The subgrade layer 9 is a cleaned soil surface that has been leveled and compacted. The bottom wall of the subgrade layer 9 is perpendicular to the tangential section of the main structure 3, and is an inclined plane sloping towards the center. The two sides of the bottom wall of the subgrade layer 9 form vertically upward-extending side walls. The impermeable geotextile 10 is laid flat on the bottom wall of the subgrade layer 9, preventing water from flowing through. The impermeable geotextile 10 extends upward to the upper surface of the main structure 3 on both sides, with its top elevation not lower than the rainwater overflow outlet to ensure water collection. The gravel drainage layer 11 is made of gravel that has been washed clean and is free of mud and other debris, and is evenly laid on the bottom wall of the impermeable geotextile 10. The permeable geotextile 12 is laid on top of the gravel drainage layer 11 to isolate the upper planting soil and filter the water coming from the upper layer. The planting soil layer 13 includes planting soil and fine sand. The planting soil and fine sand are mixed evenly and laid on the permeable geotextile 12 to ensure both planting effect and good water permeability. The edge of the permeable geotextile 12 extends upward to the upper surface of the main structure 3, and its top elevation is not lower than the rainwater overflow outlet. The planting soil and fine sand are contained in the permeable geotextile 12 to prevent the planting soil from entering the gravel layer 7.

[0031] Planting turf, terrestrial or semi-hygrophytic plants on the planting soil layer 13, and adding landscape stones can enhance the landscape effect of the grassed swale.

[0032] In one embodiment, the longitudinal slope of the subgrade layer 9 along the horizontal direction is 1%, and the transverse slope of the subgrade layer 9 perpendicular to the extension direction is 1:3, which can be adjusted appropriately according to the actual site conditions to naturally connect with the surrounding site. The impermeable geotextile 10 uses a 1.2mm HDPE geomembrane, and the impermeable geotextile 10 overlaps and extends 50cm to the outer side of the top of the main structure 3 on both sides to improve the water collection effect. The gravel drainage layer 11 is 30cm-40cm thick, and the gravel is Φ20mm-Φ30mm. The permeable geotextile 12 is made of long filaments with a weight of not less than 200g / m², and extends 20cm outward from the top of the main structure 3 to prevent soil from entering the gravel drainage layer. The planting soil layer 13 is 30cm thick and is filled with a mixture of 20% fine sand and 80% planting soil by volume.

[0033] Specifically, the perforated pipe 14 has evenly spaced perforations on its surface, and the outside of the perforated pipe 14 is wrapped with a permeable geotextile 12 to prevent soil and rocks from entering the pipe and clogging it. The end of the perforated pipe 14 away from the drainage pipe 16 is sealed. The perforated pipe 14 is inclined along the extension direction of the main structure 3, and the drainage pipe 16 passes through the impermeable geotextile 10 and connects to the lower side of the perforated pipe 14. The outside of the drainage pipe 16 is sealed to the impermeable geotextile 10.

[0034] The planted soil system discharges rainwater through both infiltration and overflow drainage. When the water inflow at filter screen 6 is small and the water level is lower than the rainwater overflow outlet, the rainwater, after being filtered through each layer of the main structure 3, is collected by the impermeable geotextile 10 at the bottom of the gravel drainage layer 11. It is then collected and aggregated through perforated pipes 14 installed in the gravel drainage layer 11 and discharged through drainage pipes 16 to the nearest rainwater well or rainwater inlet. When the water inflow is large, the water level in the main structure 3 rises. When the excess rainwater is higher than the rainwater overflow outlet, the rainwater is directly discharged to the nearest rainwater well or rainwater inlet through overflow pipes 15 and drainage pipes 16.

[0035] In one embodiment, the rainwater overflow outlet is anti-clogging type, with evenly spaced openings at the top of the rainwater overflow outlet to prevent garbage from entering and clogging the pipe. The height of the rainwater overflow outlet is 5cm lower than the road surface of Road 1, which ensures a certain storage depth and can discharge excess rainwater in time when the water flow is large, avoiding water overflowing onto the road surface due to untimely drainage.

[0036] In one embodiment, the overflow pipe 15, perforated pipe 14, and drainage pipe 16 are all made of DN150 HDPE pipe and connected by HDPE four-way connectors. The end of the perforated pipe 14 furthest from the drainage pipe 16 is sealed with a DN150 HDPE plug. Before installing the perforated pipe 14, a 5cm-10cm thick layer of gravel is laid at the bottom of the geotextile 10 to level and buffer the surface. Four Φ20mm round holes are drilled longitudinally at 20cm intervals in the perforated pipe 14, arranged circumferentially with a 90-degree angle between any two circumferential holes.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0038] The specific embodiments of this utility model have been described above. It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of this utility model. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. An ecological grassed swale, characterized in that, Includes: water inlet structure (2), main structure (3) and drainage structure (4); The main structure (3) is located on the lower side of the slope of the road (1). The main structure (3) extends horizontally on one side of the road (1). The cross section of the main structure (3) perpendicular to the extension direction is set in a shape that is low in the middle and high on both sides. The top of the main structure (3) is set below the road surface of the road (1), and an original soil layer (8) is provided between the lower edge of the road (1) and the top of the main structure (3). The upper surface of the original soil layer (8) extends downward from the edge of the road (1) toward the top of the main structure (3) that is close to it. The water inlet structure (2) is located on the edge of the road (1) near the main structure (3). The water inlet structure (2) has an opening extending upward along the road surface height of the road (1). A filter structure is provided on the side of the opening near the road (1), and an anti-scouring layer is provided on the side of the opening near the main structure (3). The main structure (3) includes a soil layer (9), an impermeable geotextile (10), a gravel drainage layer (11), a permeable geotextile (12), and a planting soil layer (13), which are stacked in order from bottom to top, and each layer is of uniform thickness; plants are planted on top of the planting soil layer (13); The drainage structure (4) includes a perforated pipe (14), an overflow pipe (15), and a drainage pipe (16); The perforated pipe (14) extends along the direction of the main structure (3) and passes through the gravel drainage layer (11) on the lower side. The perforated pipe (14) has holes on its surface and is wrapped with permeable geotextile (12) on the outside. The drainage pipe (16) extends vertically, with its bottom end connected to a rainwater well and its top end connected to a perforated pipe (14). The overflow pipe (15) is connected to the drainage pipe (16) and extends vertically upward. The top of the overflow pipe (15) is provided with a rainwater overflow port. The opening height of the rainwater overflow port is not higher than the top of the impermeable geotextile (10).

2. The ecological grassed swale according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet structure (2) includes a curbstone (5), which is located at the edge of the road (1) and extends above the road (1), and has an opening that is narrow at the bottom and wide at the top.

3. The ecological grassed swale according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filter structure includes a filter screen (6), which is housed in the opening of the curb (5) and extends upward from the road surface height (1). The filter screen (6) connects the curb (5) on the side near the road (1) and the side near the main structure (3).

4. The ecological grassed swale according to claim 3, characterized in that, The anti-erosion layer includes a gravel layer (7), which is disposed on the side of the filter screen (6) close to the main structure (3), and the gravel layer (7) extends along the extension direction of the main structure (3) and is wider than the filter screen (6); Plants are planted around the gravel layer (7).

5. The ecological grassed swale according to claim 1, characterized in that, The subgrade layer (9) is located in the original soil layer (8) after the pre-set position of the main structure (3). The subgrade layer (9) is formed by flattening and compacting the original soil layer (8). The bottom wall of the subgrade layer (9) is perpendicular to the tangent of the extension direction of the main structure (3) and is an inclined surface sloping towards the center. The bottom wall of the subgrade layer (9) forms vertically upward extending side walls on both sides.

6. The ecological grassed swale according to claim 5, characterized in that, The impermeable geotextile (10) is laid flat on the bottom wall of the soil layer (9). The impermeable geotextile (10) is impermeable to water. The two sides of the impermeable geotextile (10) extend upward to the upper surface of the main structure (3). The top of the impermeable geotextile (10) is not lower than the rainwater overflow outlet.

7. The ecological grassed swale according to claim 6, characterized in that, The gravel drainage layer (11) is made of gravel, which is evenly laid on the bottom wall of the impermeable geotextile (10).

8. The ecological grassed swale according to claim 7, characterized in that, The permeable geotextile (12) is laid on top of the gravel drainage layer (11) and filters the water coming from the upper layer. The edge of the permeable geotextile (12) extends upward to the upper surface of the main structure (3), and its top is not lower than the rainwater overflow outlet.

9. The ecological grassed swale according to claim 8, characterized in that, The planting soil layer (13) includes planting soil and fine sand, which are mixed evenly and laid out and contained in a permeable geotextile (12); Turf, terrestrial or semi-wet plants are planted on the planting soil layer (13).

10. The ecological grassed swale according to claim 9, characterized in that, The perforated tube (14) has evenly spaced perforations on its surface, and the end of the perforated tube (14) away from the drainage pipe (16) is sealed. The rainwater overflow outlet is anti-clogging type, and the top of the rainwater overflow outlet has evenly spaced openings around its circumference.

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