Disassembly-free assembly formwork and floor structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of disassembly-free assembly bottom mould, including bottom plate and steel beam;Multiple recessed structures for placing steel beam are provided on bottom plate at intervals, so that arch structure is formed between two adjacent recessed structures, and isolation cavity is formed below arch structure;Steel beam is connected with bottom plate;Multiple through holes for concrete circulation are provided on steel beam, and the upper surface of steel beam is higher than the upper surface of bottom plate.A kind of floor structure is also disclosed, including the disassembly-free assembly bottom mould, further including reinforcing steel bar, connecting piece and reinforcing mesh, reinforcing mesh is located above disassembly-free assembly bottom mould, and reinforcing mesh is connected with steel beam;Steel beam and reinforcing steel bar are alternately arranged at multiple recessed structures;Reinforcing steel bar and reinforcing mesh are connected by connecting piece.The disassembly-free assembly bottom mould of the utility model does not need to be removed after concrete pouring, directly as part of floor structure, completely eradicates formwork process, improves construction efficiency, saves material and reduces cost, reduces labor intensity and safety risk, and improves floor structure quality and structural performance and other advantages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of building engineering technology, specifically relating to a non-disassembly and assembly bottom formwork and floor slab structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, floor slabs are mainly constructed using cast-in-place reinforced concrete. First, scaffolding and formwork are erected on the construction site, then steel mesh is laid on the formwork, and finally, concrete is poured. Cast-in-place floor slabs generally suffer from poor sound insulation and water leakage. Furthermore, a large amount of formwork needs to be erected before construction and then removed after completion, which presents the following drawbacks:

[0003] 1. Currently, the main formwork is wood or steel. Wood or steel formwork has the problem of strong adhesion to concrete and difficulty in demolding, resulting in low demolding efficiency. It is also easy to damage the formwork due to improper operation, which increases the cost of repeated use.

[0004] 2. Demolding operations rely on manual labor, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, workers are required to perform demolding operations at heights, which poses risks such as falls and being struck by objects, increasing safety risks.

[0005] 3. If the demolding operation is not handled carefully, the concrete edges or surfaces may be stuck to the formwork, resulting in defects such as chipped edges, pitted surfaces, or even cracks, which will affect the aesthetics and durability of the structure and increase the cost of subsequent repairs.

[0006] 4. The dismantling, cleaning and transportation of formwork occupies site resources, increases the difficulty of on-site management, and increases construction costs. At the same time, damage to formwork caused by careless dismantling will generate construction waste. Utility Model Content

[0007] This utility model provides a non-disassembly and assembly bottom formwork, which fundamentally solves the various defects caused by the need to remove traditional formwork. The non-disassembly and assembly bottom formwork of this utility model does not need to be removed after the concrete is poured, and directly serves as part of the floor slab structure. It completely eliminates the formwork removal process, improves construction efficiency, saves materials and reduces costs, reduces labor intensity and safety risks, and comprehensively improves the quality and performance of the floor slab structure.

[0008] This utility model is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0009] A non-disassembly and assembly bottom formwork includes a bottom plate and steel beams; the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of recessed structures at intervals for placing the steel beams, so that an arched structure is formed between two adjacent recessed structures, and an isolation cavity is formed below the arched structure; the steel beams are connected to the bottom plate;

[0010] The steel beam has multiple through holes for concrete flow, and the upper surface of the steel beam is higher than the upper surface of the base plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the base plate includes multiple unit plates, the two ends of which are recessed downward to form splicing edges, and the ends of adjacent unit plates are spliced ​​together to form the recessed structure; the steel beam has an I-shaped structure, and the two sides of the lower side of the steel beam are respectively connected to the splicing edges of adjacent unit plates.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper edge of the steel beam has a downwardly extending flange along its length.

[0013] Furthermore, the cross-section of the arched structure is trapezoidal, circular, or triangular.

[0014] A floor slab structure includes the aforementioned non-removable assembly bottom formwork, and further includes reinforcing bars, connectors, and a reinforcing mesh. The reinforcing mesh is located above the non-removable assembly bottom formwork and is connected to the steel beams. The steel beams and reinforcing bars are alternately arranged at multiple recessed structures. The reinforcing bars and the reinforcing mesh are connected by the connectors.

[0015] Furthermore, the floor structure also includes a sealing plate for sealing the area below the arched structure, the sealing plate being connected to the bottom of the recessed structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the base plate has recessed structures distributed at both ends, and the steel beams are provided at the recessed structures at both ends of the base plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the ends of the reinforcing bars are connected to the reinforcing steel structure installed inside the wall.

[0018] Furthermore, the floor structure also includes end caps for closing the openings at both ends of the arched structure, the end caps being connected to the end of the base plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the steel beam is connected to the wall.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] 1. This utility model provides a non-disassembly and assembly bottom formwork for floor slab structures. After the concrete is poured, it does not need to be removed and can directly serve as part of the floor slab structure, completely eliminating the formwork removal process. This effectively improves construction efficiency, reduces labor intensity, saves labor costs, and avoids the safety risks associated with high-altitude formwork removal, as well as the problems of chipped edges, pitted surfaces, or even cracks caused by improper demolding operations. It also addresses the issues of space occupation caused by formwork removal, cleaning, and transportation, and the construction waste generated by damaged formwork. This utility model fundamentally solves the various defects caused by the need to remove traditional formwork.

[0022] 2. The base plate of this utility model is provided with multiple recessed structures at intervals for placing steel beams, so that an arched structure is formed between two adjacent recessed structures. Under the action of the steel beams, the bending, shear and impact resistance of the non-disassembly assembled base formwork is effectively improved. The steel beams are provided with multiple through holes for concrete flow. When the concrete is poured, it can be ensured that the concrete not only flows over the steel beams, but also penetrates the steel beams themselves and fills every corner of the non-disassembly assembled base formwork, achieving 100% dense pouring and ensuring the structural integrity of the floor slab.

[0023] 3. The arched structure of this utility model gives the base slab an upward "pre-arch" before it bears the service load, actively offsetting part of the downward deflection and tensile stress generated by the subsequent load, resulting in a prestressed base slab. The prestressing effect greatly improves the bending stiffness of the base slab, that is, it improves the bending stiffness of the floor slab structure, and significantly improves the crack resistance of the floor slab structure. At the same time, it also improves the shear and impact resistance of the floor slab structure, making the floor slab structure safer, more robust, and more durable. Therefore, under the premise of meeting the same load-bearing capacity and stiffness requirements, the base slab of this utility model can save the amount of concrete poured, reduce material costs, and also reduce the overall self-weight of the floor slab structure, reducing the requirements of the structure and foundation below the floor slab, resulting in comprehensive economic benefits.

[0024] 4. The design of the steel beam and arched structure of this utility model improves the crack resistance of the floor slab structure, while avoiding the water leakage problem caused by the honeycomb and pores formed by the non-dense concrete in the existing floor slab structure. The non-disassembly and assembly bottom formwork of this utility model greatly improves the water leakage prevention performance of the floor slab structure.

[0025] 5. The arched structure of this utility model forms an isolation cavity below, which is sealed by a sealing plate. The sealing plate achieves the aesthetic performance of the floor structure, and at the same time, the sealing plate forms an air isolation layer after sealing the isolation cavity, which greatly improves the sound insulation effect of the floor structure.

[0026] 6. In this utility model, steel beams and reinforcing bars are alternately arranged at multiple recessed structural points. The steel beams are connected to the reinforcing mesh, and the reinforcing bars are connected to the reinforcing mesh via connectors. This creates a highly stable, rigid, and integrated structure within the three-dimensional space, significantly improving the floor slab's resistance to bending, shear, and impact, thus comprehensively enhancing its quality and structural performance. Furthermore, the reinforcing bars are connected to the reinforcing structure within the walls, integrating the floor slab structure and the walls into a cohesive whole, thereby greatly improving the overall stability and seismic performance of the building structure. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the disassembly-free assembly base mold of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the base plate of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the steel beam of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the base plate of this utility model, which includes multiple unit plates spliced ​​together by steel beams.

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The main view;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the image;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the floor slab structure of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the floor slab structure of this utility model.

[0036] The above figure labels:

[0037] 1. Base plate; 2. Steel beam; 3. Reinforcing bars; 4. Reinforcing mesh; 5. Connectors; 6. Sealing plate; 7. Wall; 8. Reinforcing steel structure; 9. End cap;

[0038] 101. Recessed structure; 102. Arched structure; 103. Isolation cavity; 104. Splicing edge;

[0039] 20. Top; 21. Bottom; 201. Through hole; 202. Folded edge. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the following description, in conjunction with specific illustrations, further elaborates on this utility model.

[0041] Reference Figures 1-3The illustrated non-disassembly and assembly bottom formwork includes a bottom plate 1 and a steel beam 2. The bottom plate 1 is provided with a plurality of recessed structures 101 at intervals for placing the steel beam 2, so that an arched structure 102 is formed between two adjacent recessed structures 101, and an isolation cavity 103 is formed below the arched structure 102. The steel beam 2 is connected to the bottom plate 1, preferably welded to the bottom plate 1. The steel beam 2 is provided with a plurality of through holes 201 for concrete flow, and the upper surface of the steel beam 2 is higher than the upper surface of the bottom plate 1.

[0042] This utility model relates to a non-disassembly and assembly-free bottom formwork as a template for floor slab structures. The upper surface of the steel beam 2 is higher than the upper surface of the bottom slab 1. When concrete is poured onto the bottom slab 1, the upper part of the steel beam 2 is embedded into the poured concrete layer, effectively improving the stability of the floor slab structure. Simultaneously, the steel beam 2 is provided with multiple through holes 201 for concrete flow. During concrete pouring, this ensures that the concrete not only flows over the steel beam 2 but also penetrates the steel beam 2 itself, filling every corner of the non-disassembly and assembly-free bottom formwork, achieving 100% dense pouring and guaranteeing the structural integrity and stability of the floor slab.

[0043] This utility model eliminates the need for demolding after concrete pouring, allowing it to directly serve as part of the floor slab structure. This completely eradicates the formwork removal process, effectively improving construction efficiency, reducing labor intensity, saving labor costs, and avoiding the safety risks associated with high-altitude formwork removal, as well as the problems of chipped edges, pitted surfaces, and even cracks caused by improper demolding operations. It also addresses the issues of space occupation caused by formwork removal, cleaning, and transportation, and the generation of construction waste from damaged formwork. This utility model fundamentally solves the various defects caused by the need to remove traditional formwork.

[0044] The base plate 1 of this utility model is provided with multiple recessed structures 101 at intervals for placing steel beams 2. Under the action of the steel beams 2, the bending, shear, and impact resistance of the non-disassembly assembled base formwork are effectively improved. Among them, an arched structure 102 is formed between two adjacent recessed structures 101. The arched structure 102 gives the base plate 1 an upward "pre-arch" before it bears the service load, actively offsetting part of the downward deflection and tensile stress generated by the subsequent load, resulting in a prestressed base plate. The prestressing effect greatly improves the bending stiffness of the base plate 1, that is, improves the bending stiffness of the floor slab structure, and significantly improves the crack resistance of the floor slab structure. At the same time, it improves the shear and impact resistance of the floor slab structure, making the floor slab structure safer, more robust, and more durable. Therefore, the base plate 1 of this utility model can save concrete pouring volume, reduce material costs, and reduce the overall self-weight of the floor slab structure under the same load-bearing capacity and stiffness requirements, thereby reducing the requirements of the structure and foundation below the floor slab and generating comprehensive economic benefits.

[0045] The design of the steel beam 2 and the arched structure 102 in this utility model improves the crack resistance of the floor slab structure, while avoiding the water leakage problem caused by the honeycomb and pores formed by the non-dense concrete in the existing floor slab structure. The non-disassembly and assembly bottom formwork of this utility model greatly improves the water leakage prevention performance of the floor slab structure.

[0046] The base plate 1 of this utility model can be made of asbestos precast board, galvanized board or plastic board, etc.

[0047] The through hole 201 of this utility model can be a round hole, an oblong hole, a square hole, etc., and is not limited thereto.

[0048] Preferably, in this utility model, the steel beam 2 is provided with at least two rows of through holes 201 spaced apart along its height direction, and each row has multiple through holes 201 distributed along its length direction.

[0049] The upper surface of the steel beam 2 of this utility model is greater than or equal to 20mm higher than the upper surface of the base plate 1, depending on the actual situation, and is not limited thereto.

[0050] See Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the cross-section of the arched structure 102 of this utility model is trapezoidal. Of course, the cross-section of the arched structure 102 can also be arc-shaped or triangular. The cross-section of the recessed structure 101 can be an inverted trapezoid (this inverted trapezoid corresponds to the recessed structure 101 in the middle of the base plate 1), or other shapes can be used, as long as it is convenient for the steel beam 2 to be placed and connected to the base plate 1.

[0051] In some embodiments of this utility model, see Figures 4-6 As shown, the base plate 1 includes multiple unit plates 11. The two ends of each unit plate 11 are recessed downwards to form splicing edges 104. The ends of adjacent unit plates 11 are joined together to form the recessed structure 101. The steel beam 2 has an I-shaped structure. The two sides of the lower edge 21 of the steel beam 2 are respectively connected to the splicing edges 104 of adjacent unit plates 11. Preferably, the steel beam 2 is welded to the splicing edges 104. The base plate 1 of this utility model uses multiple unit plates spliced ​​together, which facilitates the production, transportation, handling, and installation of the base plate 1. Each unit plate 11 has at least one recessed structure 101 in the middle.

[0052] See Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the width of the upper side 20 of the steel beam 2 is smaller than the width of its lower side 21, and the width of the lower side 21 is required to facilitate splicing with the base plate 1. The steel beam 2 is preferably made of two U-shaped beams welded together.

[0053] In some embodiments of this utility model, the upper edge 20 of the steel beam 2 has a downwardly extending flange 202 along its length. When concrete is poured onto the base slab 1, the upper part of the steel beam 2 is embedded in the poured concrete layer. The flange 202 increases the contact area between the steel beam 2 and the concrete. At the same time, the flange 202 firmly "locks" the concrete like teeth, forming a mechanical interlocking effect, realizing the coordinated force bearing of the steel beam 2 and the concrete, and greatly improving the overall stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the floor slab structure.

[0054] See Figure 7 and 8 The floor slab structure shown includes the aforementioned non-removable assembly bottom formwork, as well as reinforcing bars 3, connectors 5, and a reinforcing mesh 4. The reinforcing mesh 4 is located above the non-removable assembly bottom formwork and is connected to the steel beam 2. Preferably, the steel beam 2 is tied to the reinforcing mesh 4 with wire through through holes 201. The steel beam 2 and reinforcing bars 3 are alternately arranged at multiple recessed structures 101. The reinforcing bars 3 and the reinforcing mesh 4 are connected by the connectors 5. This creates a highly stable, rigid, integrated structure in three-dimensional space, greatly improving the floor slab structure's resistance to bending, shear, and impact, and comprehensively enhancing the quality and structural performance of the floor slab structure.

[0055] See Figure 7 As shown, preferably, both ends of the connector 5 are hook-shaped to facilitate the connection of the reinforcing bar 3 and the reinforcing mesh 4. The reinforcing mesh 4 directly adopts an existing reinforcing mesh structure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0056] See Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the floor structure further includes a sealing plate 6 for sealing the area below the arched structure 102, the sealing plate 6 being connected to the bottom of the recessed structure 101. The sealing plate 6 achieves aesthetic performance of the floor structure, and simultaneously, after sealing the isolation cavity 103, it forms an air isolation layer, greatly improving the sound insulation effect of the floor structure. Preferably, the sealing plate 6 is connected to the base plate 1 by bolts or other fasteners.

[0057] In some embodiments of this utility model, the two ends of the base plate 1 are provided with the recessed structure 101, and the steel beam 2 is provided at the recessed structure 101 at both ends of the base plate 1.

[0058] See Figure 8As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the end of the reinforcing bar 3 is connected to the reinforcing bar structure 8 provided inside the wall 7, thereby connecting the floor slab structure and the wall 7 into a mutually cooperating integral structure, which greatly improves the stability and seismic performance of the entire building structure. The wall 7 is constructed of several bricks, with cavities within the bricks. This wall 7 structure is existing technology and will not be elaborated upon further. The reinforcing bar structure 8 is located within the cavities and can be a single reinforcing bar or a reinforcing cage composed of multiple reinforcing bars. Preferably, the reinforcing bar 3 and the reinforcing bar structure 8 are tied together with wire.

[0059] See Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the floor slab structure further includes end caps 9 for sealing the openings at both ends of the arched structure 102, and the end caps 9 are connected to the ends of the base plate 1. Under the action of the end caps 9, the openings at both ends of the arched structure 102 are sealed, preventing concrete from seeping outside the wall 7 during concrete pouring. Preferably, the end caps 9 are welded to the base plate 1 or connected together using bolts or other fasteners.

[0060] In some embodiments of this utility model, the steel beam 2 is connected to the wall 7, that is, the floor structure and the wall 7 are further connected into a mutually cooperating integral structure. The wall 7 is constructed of several bricks, and the bricks have cavities. This wall 7 structure is existing technology and will not be described in detail. The two ends of the steel beam 2 can be laid on the bricks, or they can be connected to the steel reinforcement structure 8 set in the cavity. This is not limited.

[0061] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bottom mold that can be assembled without disassembly, characterized in that, It includes a base plate (1) and a steel beam (2); the base plate (1) is provided with a plurality of recessed structures (101) spaced apart for placing the steel beam (2), so that an arched structure (102) is formed between two adjacent recessed structures (101), and an isolation cavity (103) is formed below the arched structure (102); the steel beam (2) is connected to the base plate (1); The steel beam (2) is provided with multiple through holes (201) for concrete flow, and the upper surface of the steel beam (2) is higher than the upper surface of the base plate (1).

2. The non-disassembly and assembly bottom mold according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate (1) includes multiple unit plates (11), the two ends of the unit plate (11) are recessed downward to form splicing edges (104), and the ends of two adjacent unit plates (11) are spliced ​​together to form the recessed structure (101). The steel beam (2) has an I-shaped structure, and the two sides of the lower side (21) of the steel beam (2) are respectively connected to the splicing edge (104) of the two adjacent unit plates (11).

3. The non-disassembly and assembly bottom mold according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper edge (20) of the steel beam (2) has a downwardly extending flange (202) along its length direction.

4. The non-disassembly and assembly bottom mold according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the arched structure (102) is trapezoidal, circular, or triangular.

5. A floor slab structure, characterized in that, The formwork includes the non-disassembly and assembly bottom formwork as described in any one of claims 1-4, and further includes reinforcing bars (3), connectors (5) and reinforcing mesh (4), wherein the reinforcing mesh (4) is located above the non-disassembly and assembly bottom formwork and is connected to the steel beam (2); The steel beams (2) and reinforcing bars (3) are alternately arranged at multiple recessed structures (101); the reinforcing bars (3) are connected to the reinforcing mesh (4) through the connectors (5).

6. The floor slab structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The floor structure also includes a sealing plate (6) for sealing the area below the arched structure (102), the sealing plate (6) being connected to the bottom of the recessed structure (101).

7. The floor slab structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The base plate (1) has recessed structures (101) distributed at both ends, and the steel beams (2) are provided at the recessed structures (101) at both ends of the base plate (1).

8. The floor slab structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the steel bar (3) is connected to the steel bar structure (8) installed inside the wall (7).

9. The floor slab structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The floor structure also includes end caps (9) for closing the openings at both ends of the arched structure (102), and the end caps (9) are connected to the ends of the bottom plate (1).

10. The floor slab structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The steel beam (2) is connected to the wall (7).

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