Constructional column block of free-standing form and straight type masonry wall

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of construction column blocks of exempting from to support formwork and straight type masonry wall, the construction column block is used to stack upwards and form the exposed surface of construction column masonry, including two alignment and interval panel and the web between two panels, web is connected with two panels as a whole;Panel is about midline symmetrical convex character shape, the part of two sides of panel lower part is wider than upper part and is widened to form zigzag, the lower part height and upper part height of panel are all integral height of wall block, the distance between the outer side of two panels is the width of wall block;The position of web is away from panel midline and does not enter zigzag, opening is set on web, opening is used to pass through tieback reinforcement and for concrete circulation. The construction column block does not need to support formwork and to dismantle formwork, greatly save construction period, operation safety, ensure the quality of reinforcing steel installation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of building wall construction, specifically relating to a formwork-free structural column block and a straight masonry wall. Background Technology

[0002] Setting structural columns at intervals on straight masonry walls can restrain wall deformation under horizontal loads such as earthquakes, prevent wall cracking or collapse, and ensure the safety of building structures. Therefore, it is widely used in multi-story residential buildings, teaching buildings, office buildings and other buildings.

[0003] Currently, when constructing structural columns in straight masonry walls, it is necessary to leave toothed joints and tie reinforcing bars during masonry construction, and to erect formwork before pouring and remove the formwork after pouring. This has the following drawbacks: 1) Formwork erection and dismantling are time-consuming and delay the construction period. Furthermore, the subsequent plastering process can only be carried out after the curing is completed, which further delays the construction period. In addition, scaffolding needs to be erected for formwork erection and dismantling, and workers have to work at heights throughout the process, which poses a high safety risk.

[0004] 2) The quality of steel reinforcement installation is difficult to control, and the tie bars are prone to displacement, resulting in problems such as insufficient protective layer thickness. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a formwork-free structural column block and a straight masonry wall comprising the above-mentioned block. The structural column block does not require formwork support or dismantling, which greatly saves construction time, ensures safe operation, and guarantees the quality of steel reinforcement installation.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is: A formwork-free structural column block is used to stack and build the exposed surface of a structural column. It includes two aligned and spaced panels and a web between the two panels, with the web connected to the two panels as a single unit. The panels are symmetrical about the centerline and have a toothed joint formed by the wider portions on the lower sides of the panels than the upper portion. The height of the lower and upper parts of the panels are both multiples of the height of the wall block. The distance between the outer sides of the two panels is the width of the wall block. The web is positioned away from the centerline of the panels and does not enter the toothed joint. The web has openings for passing through tie bars and for allowing concrete to flow.

[0007] Preferably, the lower part of the panel is the same height as the upper part.

[0008] Preferably, a web is provided between the two panels.

[0009] Preferably, the web is perpendicular to the two side panels, and the upper and lower ends of the web are aligned with the upper and lower ends of the side panels, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the openings are distributed in the middle and lower part of the web, with the middle openings extending from below the toothed joint to above it, and the lower openings being semi-closed.

[0011] Preferably, the opening in the middle is vertically waist-shaped, and the opening at the lower end is semi-circular.

[0012] Preferably, the width of the toothed joint is 60mm and the height does not exceed 300mm.

[0013] A type of straight masonry wall, wherein the structural column part of the wall is constructed using the aforementioned formwork-free structural column blocks, and the wall surface part is constructed using wall blocks. The wall blocks are spliced ​​on both sides of the formwork-free structural column blocks, and tie bars pass through openings in the web. The panel of the formwork-free structural column blocks and the wall blocks form a vertical through cavity. The longitudinal reinforcement of the structural column passes through the vertical through cavity, and the stirrups of the structural column are located in the vertical through cavity. The concrete of the structural column is poured in the vertical through cavity.

[0014] Preferably, all formwork-free structural column blocks are stacked in the same direction, or adjacent formwork-free structural column blocks are stacked in opposite directions.

[0015] Preferably, a ring beam is provided in the middle of the wall, and the ring beam area is made of ring beam blocks; the ring beam block includes two aligned and spaced ring beam panels and a ring beam web located between the two ring beam panels. The ring beam web is connected to the two ring beam panels as a whole. The distance between the outer sides of the two ring beam panels is the width of the wall block. An opening is provided on the ring beam web for the ring beam reinforcement to pass through and for concrete to flow through. The ring beam blocks are spliced ​​laterally, and the ring beam concrete is poured inside the ring beam blocks.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This structural column block can form a vertical through cavity with the wall blocks on both sides, thereby accommodating the structural column reinforcement and pouring the structural column concrete. There is no need for formwork and formwork removal, and subsequent plastering can be carried out immediately after pouring, which greatly saves the construction period. Moreover, the entire process does not require working at height, ensuring operational safety. In this structural column block, the web plate is installed off-center, which does not interfere with the structural column reinforcement. The openings are also provided, which do not affect the pouring and limit the position of the tie bars, ensuring the quality of the reinforcement installation. This structural column block can also significantly improve the overall stiffness and deformation resistance of the structural column.

[0017] This straight masonry wall allows for the construction of structural columns without formwork. Furthermore, the structural columns and the walls on both sides form an integrated load-bearing system, which improves the load-bearing capacity, shear resistance, and seismic resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the formwork-free structural column block in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Side view.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Top view.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the straight masonry wall in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the straight masonry wall in Embodiment 3 of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ring beam block in Embodiment 3 of this utility model.

[0024] In the picture: 10-Structural column block; 11-Panel; 111-Toothed joint; 12-Web plate; 121-Opening; 20 - Wall blocks; 30 - Ring beam block; 31 - Ring beam panel; 32 - Ring beam web; 321 - Opening. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a formwork-free structural column block, used for stacking upwards to form the exposed surface of the structural column, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown: It includes two aligned and spaced panels 11 and a web 12 located between the two panels 11. The web 12 is connected to the two panels 11 as a whole. The panels 11 are convex in shape symmetrical about the center line. The lower two sides of the panels 11 are wider than the upper part and the widened part forms toothed joints 111. The lower height and upper height of the panels 11 are both integer multiples of the height of the wall block 20. The distance between the outer sides of the two panels 11 is the width of the wall block 20. The web 12 is located away from the center line of the panels 11 and does not enter the toothed joints 111. The web 12 has an opening 121 for passing through tie bars and for allowing concrete to flow. The structural column block 10 can form a vertical through cavity with the wall blocks 20 on both sides, thereby accommodating the structural column reinforcement and pouring the structural column concrete. No formwork or formwork removal is required, and subsequent plastering can be carried out immediately after pouring, which greatly saves the construction period. Moreover, the entire process does not require working at height, ensuring operational safety. In the structural column block 10, the web plate 12 is installed at an offset position, which will not interfere with the structural column reinforcement. The opening 121 is provided, which does not affect the pouring and also limits the position of the tie bars, ensuring the quality of reinforcement installation. The structural column block 10 can also significantly improve the overall rigidity and deformation resistance of the structural column.

[0027] In this embodiment, preferably, the lower part of the panel 11 is the same height as the upper part, so that the toothed joint 111 has a better biting effect.

[0028] In this embodiment, preferably, as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a web plate 12 is provided between the two panels 11. A single web plate 12 can achieve effective connection. Furthermore, it does not need to be placed on the structural column reinforcement during installation, making installation convenient.

[0029] In this embodiment, preferably, as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the web 12 is perpendicular to the two side panels 11, and the upper and lower ends of the web 12 are aligned with the upper and lower ends of the side panels 11 respectively, so that the stacking is stable and reliable.

[0030] In this embodiment, preferably, as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, openings 121 are distributed in the middle and lower part of the web 12. The middle opening 121 extends from below the toothed joint 111 to above the toothed joint 111, while the lower opening 121 is a semi-closed opening, allowing for sufficient concrete flow and the passage of tie bars at key locations. Furthermore, the middle opening 121 is vertically waist-shaped, which can disperse shear force when the structural column is under stress, improving the shear resistance of the structure through synergy with the concrete. The lower opening 121 is semi-circular, which increases the contact area with the concrete and enhances the mechanical interlocking effect.

[0031] In this embodiment, preferably, the width of the toothed joint 111 is 60mm and the height is no more than 300mm.

[0032] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a straight masonry wall, such as Figure 4 As shown, the structural column portion of the wall is constructed using structural column blocks 10 as described in Example 1, while the wall surface portion is constructed using wall blocks 20. Wall blocks 20 are spliced ​​onto both sides of the structural column blocks 10. Tie bars pass through openings 121 on the web 12. The panel 11 of the structural column block 10 and the wall block 20 form a vertical through cavity. The longitudinal reinforcement of the structural column passes through the vertical through cavity, and the stirrups of the structural column are located within the vertical through cavity. The concrete for the structural column is poured within the vertical through cavity. This straight masonry wall allows for the construction of structural columns without formwork. Furthermore, the structural columns and the walls on both sides form an integrated load-bearing system, improving load-bearing capacity, shear resistance, and seismic resistance.

[0033] The following steps are used during construction: Step 1) Before masonry: Clean the debris and laitance at the rooting part of the structural column to ensure that the contact surface is clean and flat. Pre-embed or install rebar at the rooting part to fix the lower end of the longitudinal reinforcement of the structural column. Then, according to the axis or control line, accurately measure the wall edge line and the center line of the structural column and mark them clearly. Then, adjust the pre-embedded or installed longitudinal reinforcement of the structural column to be vertical and tie the stirrups of the structural column according to the design spacing. The longitudinal reinforcement of the structural column should be reserved with sufficient length to facilitate the subsequent anchoring connection with the upper structure. The stirrups of the structural column should be enclosed.

[0034] Step 2) During construction: At the bottom of the structural column, construct the bottom layer of structural column blocks 10, and construct wall blocks 20 on both sides of the structural column blocks 10. The structural column blocks 10 and wall blocks 20 are connected with mortar and the gaps between them are filled. Construct upwards layer by layer. When a certain height of wall blocks 20 is constructed, horizontal tie bars are set so that the tie bars pass through the openings 121 on the web plate 12 of the structural column blocks 10. When the construction reaches the top of the structural column blocks 10, horizontal tie bars are also set so that the tie bars pass through the openings 121 on the web plate 12 of the structural column blocks 10. When the construction reaches the top, a pouring opening is reserved above the structural column.

[0035] Step 3) During pouring: pour concrete into the vertical through cavity to form a structural column concrete, so that the structural column and the walls on both sides form an integral load-bearing system.

[0036] Step 4) After pouring, subsequent wall construction can proceed.

[0037] In this embodiment, all structural column blocks 10 are stacked in the same direction, or adjacent structural column blocks 10 are stacked in opposite directions. If they are set in one direction, the height of the toothed joint 111 remains unchanged. If adjacent structural column blocks 10 are stacked in opposite directions, the height of the toothed joint 111 increases to twice its original height.

[0038] Example 3 This embodiment discloses another type of straight masonry wall, such as Figure 5 As shown, it adds a ring beam based on embodiment 2.

[0039] When the wall is high, a ring beam is also required. For example, when the masonry height reaches half of the total height, the concrete for the structural columns is poured first to form the lower part of the structural columns, then the ring beam is constructed, and then the masonry is continued to the top. Finally, the concrete for the structural columns is poured to form the upper part of the structural columns. In this process, in order to allow the ring beam to be constructed without formwork, the following structure is adopted: like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the ring beam area uses ring beam blocks 30. The ring beam blocks 30 include two aligned and spaced ring beam panels 31 and a ring beam web 32 located between the two ring beam panels 31. The ring beam web 32 is connected to the two ring beam panels 31 as a whole. The distance between the outer sides of the two ring beam panels 31 is the width of the wall block 20. An opening 321 is provided on the ring beam web 32 for the ring beam reinforcement to pass through and for concrete to flow. The ring beam blocks 30 are spliced ​​laterally, and the ring beam concrete is poured inside the ring beam blocks 30.

[0040] The embodiments described above are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. The detailed description of the embodiments of this application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A formwork-free structural column block, characterized in that: The exposed surface of the structural column, used for upward stacking and forming, includes two aligned and spaced panels and a web between the two panels, which is connected to the two panels as a whole. The panels are symmetrical about the centerline and are T-shaped. The lower two sides of the panels are wider than the upper part and the widened part forms a toothed joint. The lower and upper heights of the panels are both integer multiples of the height of the wall block. The distance between the outer sides of the two panels is the width of the wall block. The web is located away from the centerline of the panels and does not enter the toothed joint. The web has openings for passing through tie bars and for allowing concrete to flow.

2. The formwork-free structural column block as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom height of the panel is equal to the top height.

3. The formwork-free structural column block as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A web is provided to connect the two panels.

4. The formwork-free structural column block as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The web is perpendicular to the two side panels, and the upper and lower ends of the web are aligned with the upper and lower ends of the side panels, respectively.

5. The formwork-free structural column block as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The openings are distributed in the middle and lower part of the web. The openings in the middle extend from below the toothed joint to above the toothed joint, while the openings at the lower part are semi-closed.

6. The formwork-free structural column block as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The opening in the middle is vertically waist-shaped, and the opening at the bottom is semi-circular.

7. The formwork-free structural column block as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the toothed joint is 60mm and the height does not exceed 300mm.

8. A straight masonry wall, characterized in that: The structural column portion of the wall is constructed using formwork-free structural column blocks as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and the wall surface portion is constructed using wall blocks. The wall blocks are spliced ​​on both sides of the formwork-free structural column blocks, and the tie bars pass through the openings in the web. The panel of the formwork-free structural column blocks and the wall blocks form a vertical through cavity. The longitudinal reinforcement of the structural column passes through the vertical through cavity, and the stirrups of the structural column are located in the vertical through cavity. The concrete of the structural column is poured in the vertical through cavity.

9. The straight masonry wall as described in claim 8, characterized in that: All formwork-free structural column blocks are stacked in the same direction, or adjacent formwork-free structural column blocks are stacked in opposite directions.

10. The straight masonry wall as described in claim 8, characterized in that: A ring beam is provided in the middle of the wall, and the ring beam area is made of ring beam blocks. The ring beam block includes two aligned and spaced ring beam panels and a ring beam web located between the two ring beam panels. The ring beam web is connected to the two ring beam panels as a whole. The distance between the outer sides of the two ring beam panels is the width of the wall block. The ring beam web has openings for the ring beam reinforcement to pass through and for concrete to flow through. The ring beam blocks are spliced ​​laterally, and the ring beam concrete is poured inside the ring beam blocks.

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