Deep mudstone roof large cross-section coal roadway thick anchoring layer cross-border support structure

Abstract

The deep mudstone roof large-section coal roadway thick anchoring layer cross-border supporting structure comprises an arc support, an extrusion sliding block, a yielding anchor rod, a friction locking assembly, a buzzer and a power transmission assembly, and the arc support is provided with mounting holes in a circumferential array, wherein the extrusion sliding block is movably mounted in the mounting holes, the yielding end of the yielding anchor rod is arranged on the extrusion sliding block, and the friction locking assembly is arranged on the arc support and the locking end is matched with the extrusion sliding block; the same number of buzzers as the extrusion sliding blocks are arranged on the arc support, the power transmission assembly is arranged between the extrusion sliding block and the buzzer, the power input end of the power transmission assembly is matched with the extrusion sliding block, and the power output end is matched with the switch of the buzzer. Through the arrangement of the power transmission assembly and the buzzer, when the maximum yielding position is reached, the buzzer is driven to ring, and the support of the extrusion sliding block to the coal roadway becomes rigid support, so that the staff can increase the support strength at this position or increase the evacuation time for emergency evacuation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cross-boundary support technology for coal roadways, specifically a cross-boundary support structure for large-section coal roadways with thick anchoring layers in deep mudstone roofs. Background Technology

[0002] "Cross-boundary support" refers to the use of ultra-long, high-strength anchor bolts (cables) whose anchoring ends pass through fractured and plastic zones, ultimately embedding firmly into deep, elastic, stable rock strata. Simply put, it means embedding the anchor cables in solid soil, rather than loose, topsoil. This process effectively "crosses" the boundary between the loosened (unstable) and stable (elastic) zones of the surrounding rock.

[0003] Application number CN2023206671875 discloses a prestressed constant resistance large deformation relief anchor bolt, comprising a constant resistance sleeve and a rod body. The inner surface of the constant resistance sleeve is engraved with inner ribs and a longitudinally arranged crack. The tail of the rod body is engraved with outer ribs corresponding to the inner surface of the sleeve. The outer ribs and inner ribs cooperate with each other. A nut and a tray are also provided in sequence at the outer periphery of the same end of the constant resistance sleeve and the tail of the rod body. A cone is provided at the other end of the rod body away from the nut. The rib density and crack width determine the working resistance during the relief process, and the length of the constant resistance sleeve determines the relief amount. The balance point between the relief amount and the working resistance needs to be determined according to the deformation of the surrounding rock at the site.

[0004] The aforementioned existing technology requires the tray of the pressure-relieving anchor bolt to be fixed to the outside of the coal roadway, and then the constant resistance sleeve is moved by the deformation of the coal roadway. However, the side where the tray is fixed is a fracture zone, which is prone to deformation. Therefore, the fixation between the tray and the coal roadway is unstable, making it difficult to achieve the purpose of pressure relief. When the pressure relief reaches the maximum position, the area continues to deform, which will cause the anchor bolt to break, thus posing a risk of coal roadway collapse. Moreover, when the pressure relief anchor bolt reaches the maximum position, it is difficult to be detected, thus creating a safety hazard. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cross-boundary support structure for a large-section coal roadway with a thick anchoring layer in deep mudstone roof, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A cross-boundary support structure for a large-section coal roadway with a thick anchored layer in a deep mudstone roof includes an arc-shaped bracket, a compression slider, a pressure-relief anchor bolt, a friction locking assembly, a buzzer, and a power transmission assembly. The arc-shaped bracket has mounting holes arranged in a circumferential array. The extrusion slider is movably installed in the mounting hole, the pressure relief end of the pressure relief anchor is provided on the extrusion slider, and the friction locking assembly is provided on the arc bracket and the locking end cooperates with the extrusion slider. A number of buzzers, the same as the number of extrusion sliders, are mounted on an arc-shaped bracket. A power transmission assembly is provided between the extrusion sliders and the buzzers. The power input end of the power transmission assembly is connected to the extrusion sliders, and the power output end is connected to the switch of the buzzers.

[0007] Preferably, the extrusion slider includes a cylindrical sliding part and an arc-shaped extrusion part, wherein one end of the cylindrical sliding part is provided with the arc-shaped extrusion part and the other end is movably installed inside the mounting hole.

[0008] Preferably, the power transmission assembly includes an inclined push block as a power input end, a push rod as a power output end, and a spring. The inclined push block is provided on the cylindrical sliding part, the push rod is movably mounted on the arc-shaped bracket, and a spring is provided between the push rod and the arc-shaped bracket. One end of the push rod is in contact with the inclined push block, and the other end is facing the switch of the buzzer.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure-relief anchor bolt includes a pressure-relief sleeve as a pressure-relief end and an anchor bolt. The pressure-relief sleeve passes through the arc-shaped extrusion part and is disposed on the cylindrical sliding part. The anchor bolt is sleeved inside the pressure-relief sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the friction locking assembly includes a friction block and a pressing bolt. The friction block is movably installed inside the mounting hole and is in frictional contact with the cylindrical sliding part. The pressing bolt is threaded onto the arc-shaped bracket and contacts the friction block at the pressing end.

[0011] Preferably, friction pads are provided on both the side opposite to and adjacent to the friction block inside the mounting hole.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This utility model discloses a cross-boundary support structure for a large-section coal roadway with a thick anchoring layer in deep mudstone roof. During operation, by placing the pressure-relief sleeve of the pressure-relief anchor bolt on the compression slider, it avoids direct fixing of the anchor bolt's tray to the fractured area outside the coal roadway. Instead, the coal roadway compresses the compression slider, which in turn drives the pressure-relief sleeve, thus ensuring the pressure-relief operation of the anchor bolt. Furthermore, by incorporating a power transmission component and a buzzer, the buzzer sounds when the anchor bolt reaches its maximum pressure-relief position, alerting workers to increase the support strength at the sounding point or to initiate an emergency evacuation. The power transmission component prevents excessive downward force on the compression slider, which could damage the buzzer. Simultaneously, at the maximum pressure-relief position, the compression slider's support for the coal roadway becomes rigid, increasing the support strength and allowing workers to increase the support strength at that point or providing more evacuation time in case of emergency. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional internal schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of section A.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Arc-shaped bracket, 2. Extrusion slider, 3. Pressure relief anchor rod, 4. Friction locking assembly, 5. Buzzer, 6. Power transmission assembly, 11. Mounting hole, 21. Columnar sliding part, 22. Arc-shaped extrusion part, 31. Pressure relief sleeve, 32. Anchor rod, 41. Friction block, 42. Extrusion bolt, 61. Inclined push block, 62. Push rod, 63. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0016] Example: Please see Figures 1 to 3 This utility model provides a technical solution: A cross-boundary support structure for a large-section coal roadway with a thick anchored layer in a deep mudstone roof includes an arc-shaped support 1, a compression slider 2, a pressure-relief anchor bolt 3, a friction locking assembly 4, a buzzer 5, and a power transmission assembly 6. The arc-shaped support 1 has mounting holes 11 arranged in a circumferential array, wherein: The extrusion slider 2 is movably installed inside the mounting hole 11, and the extrusion slider 2 moves linearly in the radial direction of the arc-shaped bracket 1. The pressure-relieving end of the pressure-relieving anchor rod 3 is provided on the extrusion slider 2, and the friction locking assembly 4 is provided on the arc-shaped bracket 1 with its locking end cooperating with the extrusion slider 2; A number of buzzers 5, the same number as the compression sliders 2, are mounted on the arc-shaped bracket 1. A power transmission assembly 6 is provided between the compression sliders 2 and the buzzers 5. The power input end of the power transmission assembly 6 is connected to the compression sliders 2, and the power output end is connected to the switch of the buzzers 5. Thus, when the pressure-relief anchor rod 3 reaches the maximum pressure relief position, the buzzers 5 can be activated by the power transmission assembly 6 to sound, thereby reminding personnel to increase the support strength at this location or to evacuate in an emergency.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the extrusion slider 2 includes a cylindrical sliding part 21 and an arc-shaped extrusion part 22. One end of the cylindrical sliding part 21 is provided with the arc-shaped extrusion part 22, and the other end is movably installed inside the mounting hole 11. The arc-shaped extrusion part 22 is in contact with the coal roadway. When the coal roadway deforms, it will push the arc-shaped extrusion part 22 to move downward.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the power transmission assembly 6 includes an inclined push block 61 as the power input end, a push rod 62 as the power output end, and a spring 63. The inclined push block 61 is provided on the cylindrical sliding part 21, and the push rod 62 is movably mounted on the arc-shaped bracket 1. A spring 63 is provided between the push rod 62 and the arc-shaped bracket 1. One end of the push rod 62 contacts the inclined push block 61, and the other end faces the switch of the buzzer 5. A ball bearing is provided at the end of the push rod 62 that contacts the inclined push block 61, which can reduce the friction between the push rod 62 and the inclined push block 61. By setting the inclined push block 61 and the push rod 62, the downward movement of the squeezing slider 2 can be converted into the axial movement of the push rod 62 in the arc-shaped bracket 1. This avoids the squeezing slider 2 directly engaging with the buzzer 5, thereby preventing excessive downward force on the squeezing slider 2 and potential damage to the buzzer 5.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the pressure-relief anchor bolt 3 includes a pressure-relief sleeve 31 and an anchor bolt 32 as the pressure-relief end. The pressure-relief sleeve 31 passes through the arc-shaped extrusion part 22 and is mounted on the cylindrical sliding part 21. The side of the pressure-relief sleeve 31 fixed on the outside of the coal roadway belongs to the fractured zone, which is prone to deformation. By mounting the pressure-relief sleeve 31 on the cylindrical sliding part 21, the pressure-relief sleeve 31 is prevented from being directly connected to the coal roadway, thereby preventing the fixation of the pressure-relief sleeve 31 to the fractured zone from failing. The anchor bolt 32 is sleeved inside the pressure-relief sleeve 31. The anchor bolt 32 passes through the fractured zone and the plastic zone and is fixed in the stable elastic zone, thereby providing cross-boundary support for the coal roadway. When the arc-shaped extrusion part 22 moves downward, it pulls the pressure-relief sleeve 31 to move axially on the anchor bolt 32, thus achieving the purpose of pressure relief.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the cooperation between the pressure sleeve 31 and the anchor rod 32 is a conventional technical means for those skilled in the art, and its principle and solution will not be elaborated here.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the friction locking assembly 4 includes a friction block 41 and a pressing bolt 42. The friction block 41 is movably installed inside the mounting hole 11 and makes frictional contact with the cylindrical sliding part 21. The pressing bolt 42 is threaded onto the arc-shaped bracket 1 and contacts the friction block 41 at its pressing end. By adjusting the pressure between the pressing bolt 42 and the cylindrical sliding part 21, the frictional force between them can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the minimum pressure relief after the pressure relief anchor 3 and the pressing slider 2 are engaged. When the frictional force between the pressing bolt 42 and the cylindrical sliding part 21 is greater than the minimum pressure relief of the pressure relief anchor 3, the frictional force between them is the minimum pressure relief after the pressure relief anchor 3 and the pressing slider 2 are engaged. Conversely, when the frictional force between them is less than the minimum pressure relief of the pressure relief anchor 3, the minimum pressure relief of the pressure relief anchor 3 is the minimum pressure relief after the pressure relief anchor 3 and the pressing slider 2 are engaged.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, friction plates are provided on both the side opposite to and adjacent to the friction block 41 inside the mounting hole 11.

[0023] The working principle of this utility model: When using this device, first, the extrusion slider 2 on the arc-shaped support 1 is brought into contact with the coal roadway. Then, the pressure-relieving anchor rod 3 is passed through the extrusion slider 2. After that, the anchor rod 32 passes through the crushing zone and the plastic zone, and then the anchor rod 32 is fixed in the stable elastic zone. The pressure-relieving sleeve 31 is fixed to the cylindrical sliding part 21. The friction between the extrusion bolt 42 and the cylindrical sliding part 21 is adjusted. In this way, the minimum pressure relief after the pressure-relieving anchor rod 3 and the extrusion slider 2 are matched is adjusted so that it can adapt to the working conditions.

[0024] When deformation occurs in the coal roadway, the arc-shaped extrusion part 22 moves downward, which in turn pulls the pressure-relief sleeve 31, causing the pressure-relief sleeve 31 to move axially along the anchor bolt 32. This achieves the purpose of pressure relief. When the pressure relief reaches the maximum position, the cylindrical sliding part 21 drives the push rod 62 through the inclined push block 61, causing the push rod 62 to press the buzzer 5, which then rings. This alerts workers to increase the support strength at this location or to evacuate in an emergency. At this time, the extrusion slider 2, which has reached the maximum pressure relief position, will contact the arc-shaped support 1, thus making the support of the extrusion slider 2 for the coal roadway a rigid support. This serves as temporary support, facilitating workers to increase the support strength at this location or to evacuate in an emergency.

[0025] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cross-boundary support structure for a large-section coal roadway with thick anchoring layer in deep mudstone roof, comprising an arc-shaped bracket (1), a compression slider (2), a pressure-relief anchor bolt (3), a friction locking assembly (4), a buzzer (5), and a power transmission assembly (6), wherein the arc-shaped bracket (1) is provided with mounting holes (11) arranged in a circumferential array, characterized in that: The extrusion slider (2) is movably installed in the mounting hole (11), the pressure relief end of the pressure relief anchor (3) is provided on the extrusion slider (2), and the friction locking assembly (4) is provided on the arc bracket (1) and the locking end cooperates with the extrusion slider (2); A number of buzzers (5) equal to the number of the extrusion sliders (2) are mounted on an arc-shaped bracket (1). A power transmission assembly (6) is provided between the extrusion sliders (2) and the buzzers (5). The power input end of the power transmission assembly (6) is engaged with the extrusion sliders (2), and the power output end is engaged with the switch of the buzzers (5).

2. The cross-boundary support structure for a large-section coal roadway with thick anchoring layers in deep mudstone roof as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion slider (2) includes a cylindrical sliding part (21) and an arc-shaped extrusion part (22). One end of the cylindrical sliding part (21) is provided with the arc-shaped extrusion part (22), and the other end is movably installed inside the mounting hole (11).

3. The cross-boundary support structure for large-section coal roadways with thick anchoring layers in deep mudstone roofs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power transmission assembly (6) includes an inclined push block (61) as the power input end, a push rod (62) as the power output end, and a spring (63). The inclined push block (61) is provided on the cylindrical sliding part (21). The push rod (62) is movably mounted on the arc-shaped bracket (1). The spring (63) is provided between the push rod (62) and the arc-shaped bracket (1). One end of the push rod (62) is in contact with the inclined push block (61), and the other end is facing the switch of the buzzer (5).

4. The cross-boundary support structure for large-section coal roadways with thick anchoring layers in deep mudstone roofs according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure relief anchor (3) includes a pressure relief sleeve (31) and an anchor (32) as the pressure relief end. The pressure relief sleeve (31) passes through the arc-shaped extrusion part (22) and is provided on the cylindrical sliding part (21). The anchor (32) is sleeved inside the pressure relief sleeve (31).

5. The cross-boundary support structure for a large-section coal roadway with thick anchoring layer in deep mudstone roof as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The friction locking assembly (4) includes a friction block (41) and a compression bolt (42). The friction block (41) is movably installed inside the mounting hole (11). The friction block (41) is in frictional contact with the cylindrical sliding part (21). The compression bolt (42) is threaded onto the arc-shaped bracket (1) and contacts the friction block (41) at the compression end.

6. The cross-boundary support structure for a large-section coal roadway with thick anchoring layer in deep mudstone roof as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting hole (11) has friction plates on its sides opposite to and adjacent to the friction block (41).

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