A blade angle adjusting mechanism for an axial flow fan and an axial flow fan

Abstract

The application relates to a blade angle adjusting mechanism for an axial flow fan, belonging to the technical field of fans, which comprises a hub, a plurality of blade shafts arranged along the radial direction of the hub, wherein the blade shafts are connected with the hub bearing, the proximal end of the blade shaft is connected with a transmission component, the transmission component is used for driving the blade shaft to rotate, and the input end of the transmission component is connected with a driving assembly. The worm gear reducer is adopted as the transmission component, has the self-locking characteristic, can accurately control the rotating angle of the blade shaft, prevents the blade from drifting under the action of air flow, and ensures the stable operation of the fan.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of wind turbine technology, specifically relating to a blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan. Background Technology

[0002] Axial flow fans are fluid machines widely used in industrial ventilation, air conditioning systems, cooling towers, and other fields. Their performance mainly depends on the installation angle of the blades. Adjusting the blade angle can change the fan's airflow, air pressure, and efficiency to adapt to different operating conditions. Traditional axial flow fan blade angle adjustment mechanisms mostly use mechanical linkage or manual adjustment methods. Existing manual blade angle adjustment requires stopping the machine and cannot achieve real-time online adjustment; while mechanical linkage adjustment methods require a locking mechanism to fix the blade shaft after adjustment, making the adjustment mechanism complex and maintenance costly. To address these issues, we provide an axial flow fan blade angle adjustment mechanism that solves the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in this application is: A blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan includes a hub with a plurality of blade shafts arranged radially on the hub. The blade shafts are connected to the hub bearings, and the proximal end of each blade shaft is connected to a transmission component for driving the blade shafts to rotate. The input end of the transmission component is connected to a drive assembly.

[0004] Furthermore, the transmission component includes a worm gear reducer and an input wheel. The worm wheel of the worm gear reducer rotates coaxially with the blade shaft, the worm of the worm gear reducer is connected to the input wheel, and the input wheel is connected to the drive assembly.

[0005] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a drive disk and a servo motor driver. The drive disk is provided with a pinion and a large gear, which rotate coaxially. The pinion is meshed with the servo motor driver, and the large gear is meshed with the input wheel.

[0006] Furthermore, the drive disk is an annular disk, the gear ring of the pinion is disposed on the inner annular surface of the drive disk, and the gear ring of the large gear is disposed on the outer annular surface of the drive disk.

[0007] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a servo motor driver, an internal gear, and a pulley. The internal gear is fitted onto the input wheel and meshes with it. The pulley is connected to the transmission shaft of the servo motor driver and is drively connected to one of the input wheels.

[0008] Furthermore, the pulley and input wheel are driven by gears, belts, or chains.

[0009] Furthermore, the number of servo motor drivers is one, two, or three.

[0010] Furthermore, a circular cover plate is provided on the wheel hub, and the circular cover plate is fixedly connected to the wheel hub.

[0011] Furthermore, an electric slip ring is fitted on the rotating shaft of the wheel hub, the electric slip ring is rotatably connected to the wheel hub, and the electric slip ring is electrically connected to the drive assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the servo motor driver includes a wireless control module.

[0013] This application also provides an axial flow fan, including the blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan described above.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. This application provides a blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan. This application uses a worm gear reducer as a transmission component, which has a self-locking characteristic and can accurately control the rotation angle of the blade shaft, prevent the blades from drifting under the action of airflow, and ensure the stable operation of the fan.

[0015] 2. This application provides a blade angle adjustment mechanism for axial flow fans. In this application, the drive component uses a servo motor driver combined with gear or pulley transmission to achieve efficient power transmission, fast response speed, and real-time online adjustment, thereby improving the fan's ability to adapt to changes in operating conditions.

[0016] 3. This application provides a blade angle adjustment mechanism for axial flow fans. In this application, the blade shaft is radially arranged in the hub, the transmission component is integrated inside the hub, and the drive component adopts a ring disk or internal gear design, which saves space and is particularly suitable for large multi-blade axial flow fans.

[0017] 4. This application provides a blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan. In this application, the servo motor driver is equipped with a wireless control module, which supports remote monitoring and adjustment, improving the automation and intelligence level of the fan. The modular design makes each component easy to disassemble and replace. The application of electric slip rings enables continuous power supply and signal transmission in the rotating state, reducing maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal sectional view of Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive disk structure in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal gear structure in Embodiment 2 of this application; Figure 5 This is a front view of the internal gear in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Hub, 11. Round cover plate, 12. Electric slip ring, 2. Blade shaft, 3. Transmission component, 31. Worm gear reducer, 32. Input wheel, 4. Drive assembly, 41. Drive disk, 411. Pinion, 412. Large gear, 42. Servo motor driver, 43. Internal gear, 44. Pulley. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0021] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this application provides an embodiment of a blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan, comprising: a hub 1, wherein a plurality of blade shafts 2 are radially arranged on the hub 1, the number of blade shafts 2 being 3, 4, 6, or 8 groups; specifically, in this embodiment, the number of blade shafts 2 is 8 groups. The blade shafts 2 are connected to the hub 1 by bearings, allowing the blade shafts 2 to rotate freely on the hub 1. The proximal end of the blade shaft 2 (the end closest to the center of the hub 1) is connected to a transmission component 3, which drives the blade shafts 2 to rotate. The transmission component 3 includes a worm gear reducer 31 and an input wheel 32. The worm gear of the worm gear reducer 31 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the blade shaft 2, and the worm is connected to the input wheel 32. The input wheel 32 is a gear structure and meshes with a drive assembly 4.

[0022] The drive assembly 4 includes a drive disk 41 and a servo motor driver 42. The drive disk 41 is an annular disk with a small gear 411 machined on its inner ring surface and a large gear 412 machined on its outer ring surface. The small gear 411 and the large gear 412 are coaxially fixed. The output gear of the servo motor driver 42 meshes with the small gear 411, and the large gear 412 meshes with each input wheel 32. When the servo motor driver 42 is working, it drives the drive disk 41 to rotate through the small gear 411. The drive disk 41 synchronously drives all input wheels 32 through the large gear 412, which in turn drives the blade shaft 2 to rotate through the worm gear reducer 31, thereby achieving uniform adjustment of the blade angle.

[0023] A circular cover plate 11 is fixed on the hub 1 to seal and protect the internal transmission components. The circular cover plate 11 can be made of a lightweight material (such as aluminum alloy) to reduce weight. An electric slip ring 12 is fitted on the rotating shaft of the hub 1. The electric slip ring 12 is rotatably connected to the hub 1 and electrically connected to the servo motor driver 42 to realize power supply and control signal transmission during rotation. The servo motor driver 42 integrates a wireless control module (such as Wi-Fi or Bluetooth) to support remote control. As mentioned above, the servo motor driver 42 integrates a wireless control module. This wireless control system allows users to precisely adjust the angle of the operating wind turbine blades remotely without physical wiring. To achieve this function and ensure its reliability in industrial environments, the wireless transmission scheme is specifically described as follows: System Architecture and Components The wireless control system mainly includes the following components: Remote controller: This is typically a fixed industrial computer, programmable logic controller (PLC) equipped with a wireless gateway, or a handheld smart terminal (such as an explosion-proof tablet). This controller runs the fan control software and generates instructions containing parameters such as target angle and adjustment speed.

[0024] Wireless receiver module on servo motor driver 42: This is an embedded wireless communication unit that is integrated inside the servo motor driver or installed as an external accessory.

[0025] Communication network: The wireless data link established between the remote controller and the wireless receiving module.

[0026] Implementation details of wireless transmission scheme To achieve reliable communication, this organization may adopt one or a combination of the following mature wireless transmission schemes: Option 1: Industrial Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Technical standards: The communication protocol conforms to the IEEE 802.11 series of standards (such as Wi-Fi 4, Wi-Fi 5, Wi-Fi 6).

[0027] Implementation: The remote controller connects to the network via an industrial-grade wireless router (AP). The wireless receiver module on the servo motor driver 42 connects to this wireless network as a station (STA). Both parties communicate via socket using TCP / IP or UDP protocols. The controller encapsulates adjustment commands into data packets (such as JSON format or a custom binary protocol) and sends them to the designated servo motor driver via the Wi-Fi network.

[0028] Applicable scenarios: Suitable for environments with high requirements for data transmission rate and bandwidth, and where Wi-Fi networks are already deployed or easily deployed on-site. Facilitates integration with upper-level MES or SCADA systems in the factory.

[0029] Option 2: Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) or Industrial Bluetooth Technical standard: Uses Bluetooth 4.0 (BLE) or a newer version (such as Bluetooth 5.x) communication protocol.

[0030] Implementation: A remote controller (such as a handheld terminal) acts as the central controller, and the wireless receiver module on the servo motor driver acts as the peripheral device. The controller scans for and connects to the designated BLE module, reads and writes data through the Generic Attribute Profile (GATT), writes adjustment instructions into the characteristics, and the servo driver reads and executes them.

[0031] Applicable scenarios: Suitable for point-to-point, short-distance adjustment, especially in scenarios where handheld devices are required for on-site maintenance and debugging, with advantages of low power consumption and fast connection.

[0032] Option 3: Low-Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) or Cellular Network Technical standards: LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, or 4G / 5G cellular modules can be used.

[0033] Implementation method: Integrate a corresponding communication module (such as a LoRa module or NB-IoT module) onto the servo motor driver. Adjustment commands are transmitted remotely via carrier base stations or dedicated gateways. This solution typically requires sending data to a cloud platform, from which commands are then sent to the device, or direct communication via transparent transmission mode.

[0034] Applicable scenarios: Suitable for situations where wind turbines are deployed in a dispersed manner and over long distances (such as large wind farms and remote pumping stations), and where it is not suitable to lay a local network.

[0035] Communication protocols and data processing To ensure the accuracy and reliability of instructions, the communication process should include the following mechanisms: Data encapsulation: Adjustment instructions should include a frame header, device address, instruction type (such as angle setting), data content (angle value), checksum (such as CRC16), etc., to ensure data integrity and correctness.

[0036] Response mechanism: After receiving a command, the servo motor driver should return an acknowledgment signal (ACK) to the controller. If the controller does not receive an ACK within a predetermined time, it will initiate a retransmission mechanism.

[0037] Error detection and handling: Use checksums or more advanced check algorithms (such as Cyclic Redundancy Check CRC) to detect data errors during transmission and discard erroneous data packets.

[0038] Security mechanisms: Data encryption (such as AES encryption) and identity authentication (such as each wireless module having a unique ID) can be used to prevent unauthorized access and malicious control, ensuring device security.

[0039] Power Supply and Integrated Circuits The servo motor driver 42 obtains power from the fixed part of the fan through the slip ring 12 and powers the integrated wireless receiving module. The wireless module communicates with the driver's main control chip through an internal bus such as UART, SPI, or CAN. After parsing the received commands, it drives the motor to perform the corresponding rotation. Example 2 like Figure 2 As shown, this application provides another embodiment of a blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 lies in the structure of the drive assembly 4. The drive assembly 4 includes a servo motor driver 42, an internal gear 43, and a pulley 44. The internal gear 43 is sleeved on the input wheel 32 and meshes with it. The pulley 44 is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor driver 42 and is connected to one of the input wheels 32 via gear transmission (or belt transmission, chain transmission). When the servo motor driver 42 is working, it drives the input wheel 32 through the pulley 44, and then drives the other input wheels 32 to rotate synchronously through the internal gear 43, ultimately adjusting the angle of all blade shafts 2 through the worm gear reducer 31.

[0040] In this embodiment, the transmission method between the pulley 44 and the input wheel 32 can be selected as needed: gear transmission is suitable for high torque applications; belt transmission has low noise and low cost; chain transmission is suitable for high-speed operation. The number of servo motor drivers 42 can be configured as one, two, or three sets to enhance driving capability or provide redundancy backup.

[0041] In this embodiment, the number and layout of the servo motor drivers 42 can be adjusted according to the hub size. For example, two sets of servo motor drivers can be symmetrically arranged to improve adjustment smoothness. The wireless control module can integrate sensors (such as angle sensors) to achieve closed-loop control of the blade angle.

[0042] Example 3 This application also provides an axial flow fan, including a blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan as described in either embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.

[0043] Working principle During wind turbine operation, the control system provides power to the servo motor driver 42 via the slip ring 12 and sends adjustment commands to the servo motor driver 42 via the wireless control module. The servo motor driver 42 drives the drive disc 41 or pulley 44 to rotate, transmitting power to the blade shaft 2 through the input wheel 32 and the worm gear reducer 31. The self-locking characteristic of the worm gear ensures that the blade angle remains fixed after adjustment, unaffected by airflow interference. The slip ring 12 ensures continuous power supply and signal transmission, enabling dynamic adjustment.

[0044] Of course, the above embodiments are not intended to limit this application, and this application is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this application should also fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan, comprising a hub (1), characterized in that: The hub (1) is provided with a plurality of blade shafts (2) in the radial direction. The blade shafts (2) are connected to the hub (1) bearing. The proximal end of the blade shaft (2) is connected to a transmission component (3). The transmission component (3) is used to drive the blade shaft (2) to rotate. The input end of the transmission component (3) is connected to a drive assembly (4).

2. The blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission component (3) includes a worm gear reducer (31) and an input wheel (32). The worm wheel of the worm gear reducer (31) rotates coaxially with the blade shaft (2). The worm of the worm gear reducer (31) is connected to the input wheel (32). The input wheel (32) is connected to the drive assembly (4).

3. The blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive assembly (4) includes a drive disk (41) and a servo motor driver (42). The drive disk (41) is provided with a pinion (411) and a gear (412). The pinion (411) and the gear (412) rotate coaxially. The pinion (411) is meshed with the servo motor driver (42), and the gear (412) is meshed with the input wheel (32).

4. The blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive disk (41) is an annular disk, the gear ring of the small gear (411) is disposed on the inner annular surface of the drive disk (41), and the gear ring of the large gear (412) is disposed on the outer annular surface of the drive disk (41).

5. The blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive assembly (4) includes a servo motor driver (42), an internal gear (43) and a pulley (44). The internal gear (43) is sleeved on the input wheel (32) and meshes with the input wheel (32). The pulley (44) is connected to the transmission shaft of the servo motor driver (42) and is connected to one of the input wheels (32) in a transmission connection.

6. The blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pulley (44) and the input wheel (32) are driven by gears, belts, or chains.

7. A blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: The number of servo motor drivers (42) is one, two, or three.

8. The blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular cover plate (11) is provided on the hub (1), and the circular cover plate (11) is fixedly connected to the hub (1).

9. The blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric slip ring (12) is fitted on the rotating shaft of the hub (1). The electric slip ring (12) is rotatably connected to the hub (1) and electrically connected to the drive assembly (4).

10. An axial flow fan, characterized in that: The blade angle adjustment mechanism for an axial flow fan is described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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