A double-end shock disc transmission shaft assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of double-end shock disc transmission shaft assemblies, it is related to transmission structure technical field, including transmission shaft, the both sides of transmission shaft are fixedly connected with connecting ring, the both sides of transmission shaft are provided with and connecting ring rotating cooperation fixed ring, the side fixedly connected with connecting block of fixed ring away from transmission shaft, the connecting block is used to connect external cross shaft, still include double-end movable connection assembly, setting in the side of connecting ring away from transmission shaft and for making fixed ring and connecting ring rotating connection.The utility model passes through setting transmission shaft, connecting ring, fixed ring, connecting block, double-end movable connection assembly, transverse damping connection assembly and torsional break buffering mechanism, solve the single function of existing transmission shaft assembly, weak impact resistance torsional resistance, easy to wear and break, short service life problem, reached axial impact buffering, torsional force absorption, transmission stable and reliable effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of transmission structure technology, specifically to a double-headed shock-absorbing disc transmission shaft assembly. Background Technology

[0002] Driveshaft assemblies are core components of mechanical transmission systems, widely used in automobiles, construction machinery, and industrial equipment. Their core function is to transmit torque and achieve power connection. In actual use, driveshaft assemblies often face complex operating challenges: On the one hand, external components such as cross shafts are prone to generating axial impact forces during transmission. These impact forces act directly on the driveshaft body, leading to transmission vibration and increased noise. Long-term accumulation may also cause loosening or fatigue damage at the driveshaft connection. On the other hand, load fluctuations, starting, and braking can cause sudden changes in torsional force. If the torsional force exceeds the limit of the transmission bearing, it is prone to breakage, seriously affecting the operational safety of the equipment. In addition, traditional driveshaft connection structures are mostly rigid fits, lacking buffer adjustment space. Under torsion or impact, transmission jamming is prone to occur, further aggravating component wear and shortening service life. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a double-headed shock-absorbing disc drive shaft assembly, which has the advantages of axial impact buffering, torsional force absorption, and stable and reliable transmission, and solves the problems of existing drive shaft assemblies having single function, weak impact and torsional resistance, easy wear and breakage, and short service life.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a double-headed shock absorber drive shaft assembly, including a drive shaft, with connecting rings fixedly connected to both sides of the drive shaft, and fixed rings rotatably engaging with the connecting rings on both sides of the drive shaft, with a connecting block fixedly connected to the side of the fixed ring away from the drive shaft, the connecting block being used to connect an external cross shaft, and also including a double-headed movable connecting assembly, which is disposed on the side of the connecting ring away from the drive shaft and is used to rotatably connect the fixed ring and the connecting ring; A lateral damping connection assembly is located on the side of the connection block near the drive shaft and is used to buffer the axial impact force between the connection block and the drive shaft. The anti-torsion buffer mechanism consists of three sets arranged in a ring at equal intervals between the connecting ring and the fixed ring, and is used to absorb the torsional force of the external cross shaft of the fixed ring.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the double-headed movable connecting assembly includes a connecting rod, a limiting nut, and an arc-shaped torsion groove. The connecting rod is provided in three sets and is fixedly distributed in a ring at equal intervals around the side of the connecting ring away from the drive shaft. The arc-shaped torsion groove is provided in three sets and is distributed in a ring at equal intervals inside the fixed ring. The end of the connecting rod away from the drive shaft passes through the arc-shaped torsion groove and is threadedly connected to the limiting nut.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the lateral damping connection assembly includes a lateral limiting sleeve and a shock-absorbing damping rod. The lateral limiting sleeve is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting block near the drive shaft. A buffer groove is provided on the side of the drive shaft near the connecting block to engage with the lateral limiting sleeve. The shock-absorbing damping rod is fixedly connected to the inside of the lateral limiting sleeve, and its output end is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the buffer groove away from the connecting block. The side of the lateral limiting sleeve near the connecting ring passes through the fixing ring and the connecting ring from the outside to the inside and extends into the buffer groove inside the drive shaft.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, one set of the anti-torsion buffer mechanism includes a fixed base, a moving sleeve, an arc-shaped limiting rod, a damping retaining ring, and a spring. The fixed base is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed ring near the connecting ring, the moving sleeve is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting ring near the fixed ring, the arc-shaped limiting rod is fixedly installed on the side of the fixed base near the moving sleeve, the moving sleeve and the arc-shaped limiting rod are slidably engaged, the spring is sleeved on the surface of the arc-shaped limiting rod and one end is fixedly connected to the fixed base, and the other end is fixedly installed to the moving sleeve. The surface of the arc-shaped limiting rod is sleeved with a damping retaining ring for limiting the damping force of the spring.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the top of the drive shaft is provided with sliding grooves that pass through the buffer grooves on both sides, and the top of the transverse limiting sleeve is fixedly installed with an axial sliding rod that slides in cooperation with the sliding groove.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a rubber pad is fixedly installed at one end of the damping retaining ring near the actuating sleeve, a positioning bolt is threadedly connected to the inside of the damping retaining ring, and several sets of equally spaced positioning holes are opened inside the arc-shaped limiting rod, with the positioning bolt threadedly connected to the positioning holes.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, a rotation limiting seat is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed ring near the connecting ring, and a rotating ring that slides with the rotation limiting seat is fixedly connected to the connecting ring. A rotation limiting groove that slides with the rotating ring is provided on the side of the rotating limiting seat near the connecting ring.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model solves the problems of existing drive shaft assemblies having single function, weak impact and torsion resistance, easy wear and breakage, and short service life by setting up a drive shaft, connecting ring, fixed ring, connecting block, double-headed movable connecting assembly, transverse damping connecting assembly and anti-torsion buffer mechanism, and achieves the effects of axial impact buffering, torsional force absorption, and stable and reliable transmission.

[0012] 2. This utility model, by setting a double-headed movable connecting component, allows the connecting rod to cooperate with the limiting nut to limit the connection between the fixing ring and the connecting ring, and the arc-shaped torsion groove allows the fixing ring to have torsion space.

[0013] 3. This utility model sets up a transverse damping connection component. The transverse limiting sleeve is used to transmit the axial impact force on the connecting block. At the same time, it can be buffered by the shock-absorbing damping rod and has damping force to avoid continuous rebound affecting the rotation of the transmission shaft. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a half-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the transverse limiting sleeve of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a right-side perspective view of the fixing ring of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Drive shaft; 2. Connecting ring; 21. Connecting rod; 22. Limiting nut; 23. Arc-shaped torsion groove; 3. Sliding groove; 31. Axial slide rod; 32. Lateral limiting sleeve; 33. Shock-absorbing damping rod; 4. Fixing ring; 41. Fixing seat; 42. Actuating sleeve; 43. Arc-shaped limiting rod; 44. Damping retaining ring; 45. Spring; 46. Rubber pad; 47. Positioning bolt; 48. Positioning hole; 5. Connecting block; 401. Rotational limiting seat; 402. Rotational ring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that excludes other embodiments.

[0022] Secondly, this utility model is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of this utility model, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not adhering to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of this utility model. In addition, actual manufacturing should include the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth. Example 1

[0023] Reference Figure 1-4 The first embodiment of this utility model adopts the following technical solution, including a drive shaft 1, with connecting rings 2 fixedly connected to both sides of the drive shaft 1, and fixed rings 4 rotatably cooperating with the connecting rings 2 on both sides of the drive shaft 1. A connecting block 5 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed ring 4 away from the drive shaft 1. The connecting block 5 is used to connect an external cross shaft. It also includes a double-headed movable connecting assembly, which is set on the side of the connecting ring 2 away from the drive shaft 1 and is used to rotatably connect the fixed ring 4 and the connecting ring 2. The double-headed movable connecting assembly includes a connecting rod 21, a limiting nut 22 and an arc-shaped torsion groove 23. The connecting rod 21 is provided in three sets and is fixedly distributed in a ring at equal intervals around the side of the connecting ring 2 away from the drive shaft 1. The arc-shaped torsion groove 23 is provided in three sets and is distributed in a ring at equal intervals inside the fixed ring 4. The end of the connecting rod 21 away from the drive shaft 1 passes through the arc-shaped torsion groove 23 and is threadedly connected to the limiting nut 22. A transverse damping connection assembly is provided on the side of the connecting block 5 near the drive shaft 1, and is used to buffer the axial impact force between the connecting block 5 and the drive shaft 1. The anti-torsion buffer mechanism consists of three sets arranged in a ring at equal intervals between the connecting ring 2 and the fixed ring 4, and is used to absorb the torsional force of the external cross shaft of the fixed ring 4.

[0024] Specifically, the connecting rod 21 can work with the limiting nut 22 to limit the connection between the fixing ring 4 and the connecting ring 2, and the arc-shaped torsion groove 23 can enable the fixing ring 4 to have torsion space. Example 2

[0025] The second embodiment of this utility model adopts the following technical solution: the lateral damping connection assembly includes a lateral limiting sleeve 32 and a shock-absorbing damping rod 33. The lateral limiting sleeve 32 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting block 5 near the drive shaft 1. A buffer groove is opened on the side of the drive shaft 1 near the connecting block 5 to engage with the lateral limiting sleeve 32. The shock-absorbing damping rod 33 is fixedly connected to the inside of the lateral limiting sleeve 32, and its output end is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the buffer groove away from the connecting block 5. The side of the lateral limiting sleeve 32 near the connecting ring 2 passes through the fixing ring 4 and the connecting ring 2 from the outside to the inside and extends into the buffer groove inside the drive shaft 1. One set of anti-torsional fracture... The buffer mechanism includes a fixed base 41, a toggle sleeve 42, an arc-shaped limiting rod 43, a damping retaining ring 44, and a spring 45. The fixed base 41 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed ring 4 near the connecting ring 2. The toggle sleeve 42 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting ring 2 near the fixed ring 4. The arc-shaped limiting rod 43 is fixedly installed on the side of the fixed base 41 near the toggle sleeve 42. The toggle sleeve 42 and the arc-shaped limiting rod 43 are slidably engaged. The spring 45 is sleeved on the surface of the arc-shaped limiting rod 43, with one end fixedly connected to the fixed base 41 and the other end fixedly installed to the toggle sleeve 42. The surface of the arc-shaped limiting rod 43 is sleeved with a damping retaining ring 44 for limiting the damping force of the spring 45.

[0026] Specifically, the lateral limiting sleeve 32 is used to transmit the axial impact force received by the connecting block 5. At the same time, it can be buffered by the shock-absorbing damping rod 33 and has damping force to prevent continuous rebound from affecting the rotation of the transmission shaft 1. When the connecting block 5 and the external shaft are subjected to torsional force, it can be transmitted to the fixed ring 4 fixed to it through the connecting block 5 to rotate. The fixed ring 4 drives the fixed seat 41 to rotate. After the fixed ring 4 rotates, the actuating sleeve 42 and the fixed seat 41 will move closer to each other while the connecting ring 2 remains stationary. This will squeeze the spring 45 and allow the spring 45 to absorb the torsional force. At the same time, when the fixed seat 41 drives the arc-shaped limiting rod 43 to move closer to the actuating sleeve 42, the arc-shaped limiting rod 43 can drive the damping retaining ring 44 to rotate around the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1. After rotation, the spring 45 returns to its original position and can drive the damping retaining ring 44 to move towards the actuating sleeve 42 for reset, which facilitates the anti-torsion work again. Example 3

[0027] The third embodiment of this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a rubber pad 46 is fixedly installed on one end of the damping retaining ring 44 near the actuating sleeve 42; a positioning bolt 47 is threadedly connected inside the damping retaining ring 44; several sets of equally spaced positioning holes 48 are opened inside the arc-shaped limiting rod 43; the positioning bolt 47 is threadedly connected to the positioning holes 48; a rotating limiting seat 401 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed ring 4 near the connecting ring 2; a rotating ring 402 that slides with the rotating limiting seat 401 is fixedly connected to the connecting ring 2; a rotating limiting groove that slides with the rotating ring 402 is opened on the side of the rotating limiting seat 401 near the connecting ring 2.

[0028] Specifically, the rubber pad 46 can absorb the impact force of the damping retaining ring 44 hitting the actuating sleeve 42. At the same time, the positioning bolt 47 can cooperate with the positioning hole 48 to pre-compress the elastic force of the spring 45, so that the spring 45 will not repeatedly rebound, thus achieving a damping effect. The rotating limit seat 401 can prevent the fixed ring 4 and the connecting ring 2 from shaking when they are in contact with each other during torsion. At the same time, the rotating limit seat 401, in conjunction with the rotating ring 402, prevents the fixed ring 4 and the connecting ring 2 from shaking when they are in contact with each other during torsion, thus improving the stability during torsion.

[0029] First, the assembly achieves a flexible rotational connection between the fixed ring 4 and the connecting ring 2 through a double-headed movable connecting component: three sets of annularly distributed connecting rods 21 pass through the arc-shaped torsion groove 23 of the fixed ring 4 and are locked by the limiting nut 22, which not only ensures the connection stability between the fixed ring 4 and the connecting ring 2, but also provides reserved torsion space for the fixed ring 4 through the arc-shaped torsion groove 23, avoiding transmission jamming caused by rigid connection; at the same time, the rotation limiting seat 401 on the fixed ring 4 slides with the rotation ring 402 of the connecting ring 2 to ensure that there is no shaking or movement when the two are in contact and twisted. The vibration provides a stable foundation for subsequent buffering functions. When the connecting block 5 is subjected to axial impact force transmitted by the external cross shaft, the lateral damping connection assembly plays a buffering role: the connecting block 5 transmits the impact force to the lateral limiting sleeve 32, the lateral limiting sleeve 32 moves axially along the buffer groove of the transmission shaft 1, and the shock-absorbing damping rod 33 inside is compressed, absorbing the impact energy through damping force and preventing the impact force from acting directly on the body of the transmission shaft 1; during this process, the axial sliding rod 31 at the top of the lateral limiting sleeve 32 slides synchronously along the sliding groove 3 of the transmission shaft 1, thus realizing the lateral damping connection. The limiting mechanism prevents the lateral limiting sleeve 32 from separating from the drive shaft 1, ensuring a stable and controllable buffering process. The damping structure also prevents continuous rebound from affecting the rotation of the drive shaft 1. When a sudden change in torsional force occurs between the external shaft and the connecting block 5, the three sets of annularly distributed anti-torsional buffer mechanisms work together to absorb the torsional force: the torsional force is transmitted to the fixed ring 4 through the connecting block 5, causing the fixed ring 4 to twist relative to the connecting ring 2. The fixed seat 41 on the fixed ring 4 twists along with it, causing the fixed seat 41 and the actuating sleeve 42 on the connecting ring 2 to move closer together, pressing against the arc-shaped limiting rod 43. The spring 45 absorbs the peak torsional force through deformation. At the same time, the arc-shaped limiting rod 43 drives the damping retaining ring 44 to rotate synchronously. The damping retaining ring 44 and the spring 45 cooperate to form a damping effect, preventing the spring 45 from rebounding excessively. The positioning bolt 47 cooperates with the positioning hole 48 on the arc-shaped limiting rod 43 to pre-compress and adjust the spring 45. The rubber pad 46 at the end of the damping retaining ring 44 near the actuating sleeve 42 can absorb the impact force, further optimizing the damping effect and ensuring that the component quickly resets after the torsional force is absorbed, which is convenient for dealing with subsequent torsional impacts. Throughout the entire operation, the components work together to ensure stable torque transmission and effectively reduce the damage to the drive shaft 1 caused by impact and torsional forces through dual protection of axial buffering and torsional absorption, thus significantly improving the service life and operational safety of the components.

[0030] The damping rods used in this application can be additionally fitted with protective measures of common knowledge in the field under different usage environments, including but not limited to the following methods, such as protective covers for equipment protection, dustproof nets for equipment dust prevention, and sealing components or waterproof coatings for equipment waterproofing, which are commonly used by those skilled in the art.

[0031] It should be noted that the shock-absorbing damping rod is a device or equipment that exists in the prior art, or a device or equipment that can be implemented by the prior art. The power supply, connection method, usage method, power source, fixing method, installation method, control method, etc. of the device, as well as the materials of each accessory and the selection of various parameters are all common knowledge in the art, and therefore will not be described in detail in this application document.

[0032] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this utility model. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Without departing from the scope of this invention, other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0033] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the present invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the present invention) may be omitted.

[0034] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0035] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A double-headed shock absorber drive shaft assembly, comprising a drive shaft (1), wherein connecting rings (2) are fixedly connected to both sides of the drive shaft (1), and fixing rings (4) that rotatably engage with the connecting rings (2) are provided on both sides of the drive shaft (1), wherein a connecting block (5) is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing ring (4) away from the drive shaft (1), and the connecting block (5) is used to connect an external cross shaft, characterized in that: It also includes a double-headed movable connection assembly, which is located on the side of the connecting ring (2) away from the drive shaft (1) and is used to make the fixed ring (4) rotatably connected to the connecting ring (2); A transverse damping connection assembly is provided on the side of the connecting block (5) close to the drive shaft (1) and is used to buffer the axial impact force between the connecting block (5) and the drive shaft (1); The anti-torsion buffer mechanism is provided in three sets and is distributed in a ring at equal distances between the connecting ring (2) and the fixed ring (4), and is used to absorb the torsional force of the external cross shaft of the fixed ring (4).

2. The dual-head shock absorber drive shaft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-headed movable connection assembly includes a connecting rod (21), a limiting nut (22), and an arc-shaped torsion groove (23). The connecting rod (21) is provided in three sets and is fixedly distributed in a ring at equal intervals around the side of the connecting ring (2) away from the drive shaft (1). The arc-shaped torsion groove (23) is provided in three sets and is distributed in a ring at equal intervals inside the fixed ring (4). The end of the connecting rod (21) away from the drive shaft (1) passes through the arc-shaped torsion groove (23) and is threadedly connected to the limiting nut (22).

3. The double-headed shock-absorbing disc drive shaft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral damping connection assembly includes a lateral limiting sleeve (32) and a shock-absorbing damping rod (33). The lateral limiting sleeve (32) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting block (5) near the drive shaft (1). The drive shaft (1) near the connecting block (5) has a buffer groove that is inserted and matched with the lateral limiting sleeve (32). The shock-absorbing damping rod (33) is fixedly connected to the inside of the lateral limiting sleeve (32), and its output end is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the buffer groove away from the connecting block (5). The lateral limiting sleeve (32) near the connecting ring (2) passes through the fixing ring (4) and the connecting ring (2) from the outside to the inside and extends into the buffer groove inside the drive shaft (1).

4. The dual-head shock absorber drive shaft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the anti-torsion buffer mechanisms includes a fixed seat (41), a toggle sleeve (42), an arc-shaped limiting rod (43), a damping retaining ring (44), and a spring (45). The fixed seat (41) is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed ring (4) near the connecting ring (2). The toggle sleeve (42) is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting ring (2) near the fixed ring (4). The arc-shaped limiting rod (43) is fixedly installed on the side of the fixed seat (41) near the toggle sleeve (42). The toggle sleeve (42) and the arc-shaped limiting rod (43) are slidably engaged. The spring (45) is sleeved on the surface of the arc-shaped limiting rod (43) and one end is fixedly connected to the fixed seat (41), and the other end is fixedly installed to the toggle sleeve (42). The surface of the arc-shaped limiting rod (43) is sleeved with a damping retaining ring (44) for limiting the damping force of the spring (45).

5. The dual-head shock absorber drive shaft assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission shaft (1) has sliding grooves (3) with through buffer grooves on both sides of the top, and the transverse limiting sleeve (32) has an axial slide rod (31) that slides with the sliding groove (3) fixedly installed on the top.

6. The dual-head shock absorber drive shaft assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rubber pad (46) is fixedly installed at one end of the damping retaining ring (44) near the actuating sleeve (42). A positioning bolt (47) is threaded inside the damping retaining ring (44). Several sets of equally spaced positioning holes (48) are opened inside the arc-shaped limiting rod (43). The positioning bolt (47) is threadedly connected to the positioning hole (48).

7. The dual-head shock absorber drive shaft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed ring (4) is fixedly connected to a rotation limiting seat (401) on the side near the connecting ring (2). The connecting ring (2) is fixedly connected to a rotating ring (402) that slides with the rotation limiting seat (401). The rotating limiting seat (401) is provided with a rotation limiting groove that slides with the rotating ring (402) on the side near the connecting ring (2).

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