Step wedge spring pre-tightening adjustment mechanism and elevator brake

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of ladder wedge block type spring pre-tightening adjusting mechanism and elevator brake, including spring module, ladder wedge block, guide module and power failure protection module.Spring module includes first spring seat, brake spring, guide rod and second spring seat, brake spring is set between first spring seat and second spring seat, guide rod is centrally arranged in brake spring, and second spring seat is set in the lower end of brake spring;Ladder wedge block is connected with second spring seat cooperation, ladder wedge block is provided with U-shaped groove, and a plurality of different height step support surfaces are arranged on ladder wedge block;Guide module includes driving motor, lead screw, nut block and return spring, and nut block is threadedly cooperated with lead screw and moves along axial direction;Power failure protection module is set between nut block and ladder wedge block.It can be flexibly matched with braking force according to elevator load condition, reduce wear and tear, improve comfort;When power failure, it is automatically reset to maximum braking force gear, meet failure safety requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of brake adjustment technology, and in particular to a stepped wedge type spring preload adjustment mechanism and an elevator brake. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, elevator brakes generally employ the working principle of "spring force application and energized release." Existing elevator brake spring preload is typically set to a fixed value, making it impossible to flexibly adjust according to the actual operating conditions of the elevator. While this fixed preload solution ensures basic safety under the most unfavorable conditions, it suffers from the following technical drawbacks.

[0003] 1. Under no-load or light-load conditions, the brakes still maintain the same large braking force as under full-load or overload conditions, causing excessive wear on the brake wheels and brake shoes, shortening the service life of the brakes, and increasing maintenance costs. At the same time, excessive braking force will produce a large braking deceleration when braking under light load, affecting passenger comfort.

[0004] 2. Fixed preload is difficult to adapt to the braking force requirements of elevators under different load conditions. In actual operation, the load of an elevator continuously changes from no-load to full-load and even overload, and the braking force required under different loads varies significantly. Fixed preload cannot achieve graded control of braking force, which is detrimental to the smoothness and comfort of the braking process.

[0005] 3. While some existing technologies attempt to achieve adjustable braking force, these solutions suffer from complex structures and poor reliability. Using a simple intermediate force transmission switch to adjust braking force is prone to interference with the main working stroke of the brake arm, leading to uneven braking or even jamming, posing serious safety hazards. The wedges are primarily used for direct braking (such as pressing the guide rail or clamping the wire rope), rather than for adjusting the preload of the brake spring; and the adjustment method is mostly stepless rather than multi-stage graded adjustment.

[0006] 4. Using a conventional lead screw adjustment mechanism to adjust the spring preload results in a situation where, in the absence of power, the lead screw's self-locking effect prevents the adjustment mechanism from automatically returning to a safe position, failing to meet the "fail-safe" principle required by elevator safety regulations. If the adjustment mechanism cannot automatically return to the maximum braking force setting during a power outage or control system malfunction, insufficient braking force may occur, potentially leading to a serious safety accident.

[0007] 5. During frequent compression and release, the brake spring lacks an effective guiding structure, which can easily lead to skewing, uneven wear, and jamming. This not only affects the stable transmission of braking force but also shortens the service life of the spring and reduces the reliability of the brake. Utility Model Content

[0008] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism and an elevator brake, which can flexibly match the braking force according to the elevator load conditions, reduce wear, and improve comfort; in the event of power failure, it automatically resets to the maximum braking force level, meeting the failure safety requirements.

[0009] On one hand, this utility model embodiment provides a stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism, including: A spring module, comprising a first spring seat, a brake spring, a guide rod, and a second spring seat, wherein the brake spring is disposed between the first spring seat and the second spring seat, the guide rod passes through the center of the brake spring and is used to provide axial guidance for the brake spring, and the second spring seat is disposed at the lower end of the brake spring; A stepped wedge block is provided, which is connected to the second spring seat. The stepped wedge block is provided with a U-shaped groove, which is used to avoid the second spring seat when shifting gears. The stepped wedge block is provided with multiple step support surfaces of different heights, and an arc-shaped transition section is provided between adjacent step support surfaces. The arc-shaped transition section is used to guide the second spring seat to gradually enter the adjacent step support surface along the arc surface when shifting gears. The guide module includes a drive motor, a lead screw, a lead screw nut slider, and a return spring. The lead screw is driven to rotate by the drive motor. The lead screw nut slider is threaded to the lead screw and moves axially under the drive of the lead screw. The return spring is used to drive the stepped wedge block back to a preset safety position. The return spring is a compression spring and is disposed between the lead screw nut slider and the stepped wedge block. Its elastic force direction points to the maximum preload position. The step height of the stepped wedge block is arranged from low to high along the thrust direction of the return spring. A power failure protection module is disposed between the nut slider and the stepped wedge block, which is used to establish a connection between the nut slider and the stepped wedge block when the power is on, and to disconnect the connection when the power is off or in an abnormal state.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the outer end of the guide rod is sequentially provided with a rubber washer, a pressure sensor, a clamping nut, and an adjusting nut; the rubber washer is used for buffering and vibration reduction, the pressure sensor is used for detecting the compression state and preload of the brake spring, the clamping nut is used for clamping installation, and the adjusting nut is used for installation and adjustment.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the stepped wedge has a multi-stage structure, which is suitable for switching between multiple load conditions such as no load, light load, medium load, heavy load or full load.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the stepped wedge block is further provided with a wedge block guide strip, which is used to make the stepped wedge block move stably in a predetermined direction.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the drive motor is a stepper motor, and the precise positioning of the step wedge block between different step positions is achieved by controlling the rotation angle of the stepper motor.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the guide module further includes a guide post, which is arranged parallel to the lead screw and is used to guide the lead screw slider to prevent the lead screw slider from rotating and swaying during movement.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the power failure protection module includes an electromagnetic coil, a stationary iron core, a wedge connector, a nut-slider connector, a connecting pin, a power failure reset spring, an electromagnetic fixing frame, and a pin fixing seat. The wedge connector is installed on the stepped wedge, the nut-slider connector is installed on the nut-slider, and the connecting pin moves under the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil and the stationary iron core. The power failure reset spring is connected to the connecting pin, and the connecting pin also serves as a moving iron core. The stationary iron core is annular or has a magnetic circuit layout located at the rear end of the connecting pin. When energized, the electromagnetic force drives the connecting pin to overcome the power failure reset spring, extend, and insert into the connecting hole of the wedge connector and the nut-slider connector to establish a connection. When power is lost, the power failure reset spring pushes the connecting pin out to disengage the connection.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the electromagnetic fixing frame and the pin fixing seat are both mounted on the nut slider, the electromagnetic coil and the stationary iron core are both mounted on the electromagnetic fixing frame, the connecting pin is slidably disposed in the pin fixing seat along its axial direction, the power failure reset spring is disposed between the shoulder of the connecting pin and the pin fixing seat, the wedge block connector and the nut slider connector are respectively provided with corresponding connecting holes, and the front end of the connecting pin is provided with a slope surface.

[0017] On the other hand, this utility model embodiment provides an elevator brake, which includes the above-mentioned stepped wedge type spring preload adjustment mechanism.

[0018] The embodiments of this utility model have at least the following beneficial effects: 1. Achieve precise multi-level adjustment of brake spring preload. By using multiple stepped support surfaces of varying heights on the stepped wedge block, the support height of the second spring seat is changed, thereby achieving graded adjustment of the brake spring preload. This allows selection of the appropriate preload level based on the elevator's actual load conditions (no load, light load, medium load, heavy load, full load, etc.), avoiding excessive wear and comfort issues caused by excessive braking force under light loads, while ensuring sufficient braking force under heavy loads, achieving optimized matching of braking force.

[0019] 2. The adjustment mechanism does not directly enter the main working stroke of the brake arm. This solution changes the brake preload by adjusting the height of the spring reaction end (second spring seat), avoiding the direct placement of the switching component in the main working force transmission chain of the brake arm, reducing motion interference and jamming risks, and improving the reliability and safety of the brake.

[0020] 3. It has a power failure protection function, meeting the failure safety requirements. The power failure protection mechanism connects the nut slider and the step wedge block when energized and automatically disengages when power is lost. Combined with a reset spring and a power failure reset spring, the mechanism automatically returns to the safe position (i.e., the maximum preload position). Even in the event of a power outage or control system failure, the brake maintains sufficient braking force to ensure elevator safety.

[0021] 4. Suitable for precise lead screw drive, achieving high-precision positioning. The stepper motor, in conjunction with the lead screw and lead screw nut slider, can achieve high-precision position control and gear positioning, ensuring that the stepped wedge block accurately switches to the target gear, improving the repeatability and reliability of adjustment.

[0022] 5. Stable guidance and reliable force distribution. The guide rod provides axial guidance for the brake spring, guides the screw nut slider, and guides the stepped wedge block through the guide module. Each moving part has a reliable guiding structure, which improves operational stability and service life, and avoids problems such as skewing, uneven wear, and jamming.

[0023] 6. It can provide condition monitoring and closed-loop control. The pressure-sensitive sensor can detect the spring preload in real time and provide feedback signals to the external control unit, which is beneficial for subsequent braking force control, fault monitoring and safety judgment, and realizes intelligent management.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the stepped wedge block structure of the stepped wedge block type spring preload adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide module of the stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the power failure protection module of the stepped wedge type spring preload adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power failure protection module, stepped wedge, and guide module of the stepped wedge type spring preload adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure label: Spring module 100, first spring seat 110, brake spring 120, guide rod 130, second spring seat 140, rubber washer 150, pressure sensor 160, clamping nut 170, adjusting nut 180; Step wedge 200, U-shaped groove 210, wedge guide strip 220, step support surface 230, arc-shaped transition section 240; Guide module 300, drive motor 310, lead screw 320, lead screw nut slider 330, return spring 340, guide post 350; Power failure protection module 400, electromagnetic coil 410, stationary iron core 420, wedge block connector 430, nut slider connector 440, connecting pin 450, power failure reset spring 460, electromagnetic fixing frame 470, and pin fixing seat 480. Brake arm 500. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. If "first," "second," etc., are used in the description, they are only for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the sequential relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "setting", "installing", "connecting" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0031] The technical solution of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 4This embodiment discloses a stepped wedge type spring preload adjustment mechanism, including a spring module 100, a stepped wedge 200, a guide module 300, and a power failure protection module 400. The spring module 100 includes a first spring seat 110, a brake spring 120, a guide rod 130, and a second spring seat 140. The brake spring 120 is disposed between the first spring seat 110 and the second spring seat 140. The guide rod 130 passes through the center of the brake spring 120 to provide axial guidance for the brake spring 120. The second spring seat 140 is disposed at the lower end of the brake spring 120. The stepped wedge 200 is connected to the second spring seat 140. The stepped wedge 200 is provided with a U-shaped groove 210, which is used to avoid the second spring seat 140 during gear shifting. Multiple [unclear text - likely referring to a specific type of groove or feature] are provided on the stepped wedge 200. The step support surface 230 has different heights; the guide module 300 includes a drive motor 310, a lead screw 320, a lead screw nut slider 330, and a return spring 340. The lead screw 320 is driven to rotate by the drive motor 310. The lead screw nut slider 330 is threadedly engaged with the lead screw 320 and moves axially under the drive of the lead screw 320. The return spring 340 is used to drive the step wedge block 200 back to the preset safety position; the power failure protection module 400 is set between the lead screw nut slider 330 and the step wedge block 200, and is used to establish the connection between the lead screw nut slider 330 and the step wedge block 200 in the power-on state and to disconnect the connection in the power failure or abnormal state.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 The first spring seat 110 is located on one side of the brake arm 500; the brake spring 120 is located between the first spring seat 110 and the second spring seat 140. A guide rod 130 passes through the central area of ​​the brake spring 120 and engages with the second spring seat 140 to limit the radial deflection of the brake spring 120 during compression and release, ensuring that the brake spring 120 always moves linearly along the axial direction and preventing spring misalignment, uneven wear, and jamming. The outer end of the guide rod 130 is sequentially equipped with a rubber washer 150, a pressure sensor 160, a clamping nut 170, and an adjusting nut 180. The adjusting nut 180 is used for initial position adjustment and pre-adjustment during installation; the clamping nut 170 is used to lock and fix the components; the rubber washer 150 is used for vibration damping and buffering, reducing impact and vibration transmission during braking; the pressure sensor 160 is used to detect the clamping state and preload, and can provide real-time feedback signals to the external control system. The second spring seat 140 is connected to the stepped wedge block 200. The stepped wedge 200 is mounted on the guide module 300. The guide module 300 is used to restrict the movement posture of the stepped wedge 200, so that the stepped wedge 200 can only move stably in a predetermined direction, avoiding tilting and jamming.

[0034] Please see Figure 2The stepped wedge 200 cooperates with the second spring seat 140 and establishes a releasable connection with the nut slider 330 through the power failure protection module 400; the reset spring 340 is disposed between the nut slider 330 and the stepped wedge 200.

[0035] Please see Figure 3 The stepped wedge 200 is provided with a U-shaped groove 210, which provides clearance space for the second spring seat 140 when the stepped wedge 200 switches between different positions, so as to avoid interference between the stepped wedge 200 and the guide module 300 or related components of the second spring seat 140. The stepped wedge 200 is also provided with a wedge guide strip 220, which is used to make the stepped wedge 200 move stably in a predetermined direction. The stepped wedge 200 has a multi-step structure, and an arc-shaped transition section 240 is provided between adjacent step support surfaces 230. The two ends of the arc-shaped transition section 240 are smoothly connected to the adjacent step support surfaces 230 respectively. The stepped wedge 200 is also provided with a step support surface 230, which is used to cooperate with related support structures and to bear and transmit the support pressure applied by the second spring seat 140.

[0036] The stepped wedge 200 is suitable for switching between multiple preload levels under no-load, light-load, medium-load, heavy-load, or full-load conditions. For example, the stepped wedge 200 can be configured as a two-step structure, where the lower step corresponds to a smaller preload force under no-load or light-load conditions, and the higher step corresponds to a larger preload force under heavy-load or full-load conditions. This two-step switching scheme has a relatively simple structure and is suitable for elevator applications with simpler braking force classification requirements, meeting the braking force switching needs between no-load or light-load conditions and heavy-load or full-load conditions. Alternatively, the stepped wedge 200 can be configured as a four-step structure, with the four steps corresponding to different preload forces under no-load, light-load, medium-load, and heavy-load conditions, thereby achieving more precise braking force classification control. This is suitable for elevator applications with high requirements for braking force adjustment accuracy, improving braking comfort and reducing wear on braking components.

[0037] When the step wedge 200 is shifting gears, it moves along the direction defined by the wedge guide bar 220. The U-shaped groove 210 first avoids the second spring seat 140, allowing it to escape the direct constraint of the current step support surface 230. Subsequently, under the continuous axial pressure of the brake spring 120, the second spring seat 140 gradually changes its support height along the arc-shaped transition section 240 and smoothly enters the adjacent step support surface 230. Through the continuous guiding action of the arc-shaped transition section 240, the second spring seat 140 can avoid directly impacting the vertical surface of the step, reducing the risk of local impact, jamming, and stagnation during gear shifting. After gear shifting, the second spring seat 140 is stably supported on the target step support surface 230.

[0038] Please see Figure 4 The guide module 300 includes a drive motor 310, a lead screw 320, a lead screw nut slider 330, a return spring 340, and a guide post 350. The drive motor 310 is fixed to the mounting frame, and its output end is connected to the lead screw 320. The lead screw nut slider 330 is threadedly engaged with the lead screw 320 and moves in a predetermined direction under the constraint of the guide post 350 without rotation or yaw. The return spring 340 is arranged between the lead screw nut slider 330 and the stepped wedge block 200 to provide a reset driving force to the stepped wedge block 200 in the event of power failure.

[0039] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 A power failure protection module 400 is disposed between a nut slider 330 and a stepped wedge block 200. A wedge block connector 430 is fixedly mounted on the stepped wedge block 200, and a nut slider connector 440 is fixedly mounted on the nut slider 330. An electromagnetic mounting bracket 470 and a pin mounting seat 480 are both mounted on the nut slider 330. An electromagnetic coil 410 and a stationary iron core 420 are both mounted on the electromagnetic mounting bracket 470. A connecting pin 450 is slidably disposed within the pin mounting seat 480 along its axial direction. A power failure reset spring 460 is disposed between the shoulder of the connecting pin 450 and the pin mounting seat 480. Corresponding connecting holes are provided on the wedge block connector 430 and the nut slider connector 440. Under the electromagnetic action of the electromagnetic coil 410 and the stationary iron core 420, the connecting pin 450 is in either a connected or disconnected position. The power-off reset spring 460 is used to push the connecting pin 450 back to the disengaged position when the electromagnetic coil 410 is de-energized. The front end of the connecting pin 450 is provided with an inlet bevel to facilitate insertion into the connecting hole, thereby improving the smoothness and reliability of the connection.

[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, the electromagnetic fixing bracket 470 and the pin fixing seat 480 guide module are disposed on the nut slider 330 and are located on both sides of the connecting part along the axial direction of the connecting pin 450. The wedge block connector 430 has two connecting parts arranged opposite to each other, and the nut slider connector 440 is located between the two connecting parts. The two connecting parts and the connecting holes on the nut slider connector 440 are aligned with each other at the connecting position. After the connecting pin 450 is inserted into the aligned connecting holes, the wedge block connector 430 is connected to the nut slider connector 440; after the connecting pin 450 is removed from the connecting hole of the wedge block connector 430, the wedge block connector 430 can move relative to the nut slider connector 440 with the stepped wedge 200.

[0041] The connecting pin 450 is made of magnetically conductive material and can also serve as a moving iron core. The electromagnetic coil 410 and the stationary iron core 420 are fixedly mounted on the electromagnetic mounting bracket 470. The stationary iron core 420 has a central through hole for the axial sliding of the connecting pin 450. The connecting pin 450 can slide axially through the stationary iron core 420 and the pin fixing seat 480. When energized, the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil 410 drives the connecting pin 450 to overcome the elastic force of the power-off reset spring 460, move along the connection direction, and insert into the connection hole of the wedge block connector 430 and the nut slider connector 440, thereby establishing the connection between the stepped wedge block 200 and the nut slider 330. When de-energized, the connecting pin 450 moves along the disengagement direction under the action of the power-off reset spring 460 and exits the connection hole of the wedge block connector 430, thereby disengaging the connection.

[0042] Alternatively, the return spring 340 can be positioned between the stepped wedge 200 and the guide module 300, instead of between the nut slider 330 and the stepped wedge 200. This arrangement also provides a reset driving force to the stepped wedge 200 in the event of power failure, allowing the stepped wedge 200 to return to a preset safe position. The number of return springs 340 can be one or more, selected according to the required reset force.

[0043] Alternatively, a servo motor can be used instead of a stepper motor for the drive motor 310. A servo motor, in conjunction with an encoder, can achieve higher position control accuracy and faster response speed, making it suitable for applications requiring higher adjustment accuracy and response speed.

[0044] It should be noted that the connection between the wedge block connector 430 and the nut slider connector 440 can be a snap-fit ​​connection, rather than a connection via a connecting pin 450 inserted into a connecting hole. When energized, the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil 410 keeps the snap-fit ​​engaged, establishing the connection between the nut slider 330 and the stepped wedge block 200. When de-energized, the electromagnetic force disappears, and the snap-fit ​​automatically disengages under the action of the de-energization reset spring 460, releasing the connection. This snap-fit ​​connection scheme has the advantages of compact structure and fast response.

[0045] This embodiment also provides an elevator brake, including a brake arm 500 and the aforementioned stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism.

[0046] When the elevator is in normal power-on operation, the electromagnetic coil 410 is energized to generate electromagnetic force. Under the action of electromagnetic force, the connecting pin 450 overcomes the elastic force of the de-energized reset spring 460, moves to the connection position, and inserts into the connection hole of the wedge block connector 430 and the nut slider connector 440, thus establishing a connection between the stepped wedge block 200 and the nut slider 330. At this time, the drive motor 310 rotates according to the instructions of the external control system, driving the lead screw 320 to rotate. The rotational motion of the lead screw 320 is converted into the axial linear motion of the nut slider 330. Since the nut slider 330 is connected to the stepped wedge block 200 through the connecting pin 450, the movement of the nut slider 330 allows the stepped wedge block 200 to move in the guide groove through the wedge block guide strip 220.

[0047] When the step support surfaces of the stepped wedge block 200 at different heights successively contact and engage with the second spring seat 140, the support height of the stepped wedge block 200 changes accordingly, causing the second spring seat 140 to move axially along the support position of the brake spring 120, thereby changing the compression of the brake spring 120 and realizing multi-level precise adjustment of the preload of the brake spring 120.

[0048] When the elevator is in an unloaded or lightly loaded condition, the drive motor 310 switches the step wedge block 200 to a lower step position. At this time, the support height of the second spring seat 140 is lower, the compression of the brake spring 120 is smaller, and the preload is smaller, which is suitable for light-load braking needs, can reduce the wear of the brake wheel and brake shoes, and improve passenger comfort.

[0049] When the elevator is under medium load, the control system commands the drive motor 310 to switch the step wedge 200 to the middle step position. At this time, the support height of the second spring seat 140 is moderate, the compression of the brake spring 120 is moderate, and the preload is moderate, which is suitable for medium load braking requirements.

[0050] When the elevator is under heavy load or full load, the drive motor 310 switches the step wedge block 200 to a higher step position. At this time, the support height of the second spring seat 140 is higher, the compression of the brake spring 120 is larger, and the preload is larger, which is suitable for heavy load braking requirements and ensures sufficient braking force to ensure elevator safety.

[0051] When a power outage, control malfunction, or other fault occurs, the electromagnetic coil 410 loses power, and the electromagnetic force disappears. Under the elastic force of the power-off reset spring 460, the connecting pin 450 exits the connection position, releasing the connection between the wedge block connector 430 and the nut slider connector 440, thus disengaging the nut slider 330 from the stepped wedge block 200.

[0052] Subsequently, the step wedge 200 automatically returns to the preset safety position under the action of the return spring 340. This safety position is set to the highest step position, corresponding to the maximum preload of the brake spring 120. At this time, the support height of the second spring seat 140 reaches its maximum, the compression of the brake spring 120 reaches its maximum, and the brake spring 120 returns to its maximum safety preload, ensuring that the brake has sufficient maximum braking force in the event of power failure, and ensuring that the elevator can be safely braked under any circumstances.

[0053] During the above process, the pressure sensor 160 detects the compression state and preload of the brake spring 120 in real time and feeds the detection signal back to the external control system. When the preload detected by the pressure sensor 160 is inconsistent with the preload corresponding to the target gear, for example due to mechanical wear, temperature changes or other factors, the control system can automatically trigger the drive motor 310 to perform a minor correction to ensure that the braking force is always accurately at the expected gear, thus achieving closed-loop control.

[0054] The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism, characterized in that, include: A spring module (100) includes a first spring seat (110), a brake spring (120), a guide rod (130), and a second spring seat (140). The brake spring (120) is disposed between the first spring seat (110) and the second spring seat (140). The guide rod (130) passes through the center of the brake spring (120) and provides axial guidance for the brake spring (120). The second spring seat (140) is disposed at the lower end of the brake spring (120). A stepped wedge (200) is connected to the second spring seat (140). The stepped wedge (200) is provided with a U-shaped groove (210). The U-shaped groove (210) is used to avoid the second spring seat (140) when shifting gears. The stepped wedge (200) is provided with multiple step support surfaces (230) of different heights. An arc-shaped transition section (240) is provided between adjacent step support surfaces (230). The arc-shaped transition section (240) is used to guide the second spring seat (140) to gradually enter the adjacent step support surface (230) along the arc surface when shifting gears. The guide module (300) includes a drive motor (310), a lead screw (320), a lead screw nut slider (330), and a return spring (340). The lead screw (320) is driven to rotate by the drive motor (310). The lead screw nut slider (330) is threadedly engaged with the lead screw (320) and moves axially under the drive of the lead screw (320). The return spring (340) is used to drive the stepped wedge (200) back to the preset safety position. The return spring (340) is a compression spring and is located between the lead screw nut slider (330) and the stepped wedge (200). Its elastic force direction points to the maximum preload position. The step height of the stepped wedge (200) is arranged from low to high along the thrust direction of the return spring (340). A power failure protection module (400) is disposed between the nut slider (330) and the stepped wedge (200) to establish a connection between the nut slider (330) and the stepped wedge (200) in the energized state and to disconnect the connection in the power failure or abnormal state.

2. The stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer end of the guide rod (130) is sequentially provided with a rubber washer (150), a pressure sensor (160), a clamping nut (170), and an adjusting nut (180); the rubber washer (150) is used for buffering and vibration reduction, the pressure sensor (160) is used to detect the clamping state and preload of the brake spring (120), the clamping nut (170) is used for clamping installation, and the adjusting nut (180) is used for installation and adjustment.

3. The stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stepped wedge (200) has a multi-step structure, which is suitable for switching between multiple loads under no-load, light-load, medium-load, heavy-load or full-load conditions.

4. The stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stepped wedge (200) is also provided with a wedge guide strip (220), which is used to make the stepped wedge (200) move stably in a predetermined direction.

5. The stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive motor (310) is a stepper motor, and the precise positioning of the step wedge (200) between different step positions is achieved by controlling the rotation angle of the stepper motor.

6. The stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guide module (300) also includes a guide post (350), which is arranged parallel to the lead screw (320) and is used to guide the lead screw slider (330) to prevent the lead screw slider (330) from rotating and swaying during movement.

7. The stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power failure protection module (400) includes an electromagnetic coil (410), a stationary iron core (420), a wedge connector (430), a nut-slider connector (440), a connecting pin (450), a power failure reset spring (460), an electromagnetic fixing frame (470), and a pin fixing seat (480). The wedge connector (430) is mounted on the stepped wedge (200), and the nut-slider connector (440) is mounted on the nut-slider (330). The connecting pin (450) is used to control the electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil (410) and the stationary iron core (420). Under the action of force, the power-off reset spring (460) is connected to the connecting pin (450). The connecting pin (450) also serves as the moving iron core. The stationary iron core (420) is a ring or a magnetic circuit layout located at the rear end of the connecting pin (450). When energized, the electromagnetic force drives the connecting pin (450) to overcome the power-off reset spring (460) and extend and insert into the connecting hole of the wedge block connector (430) and the nut slider connector (440) to establish a connection. When de-energized, the power-off reset spring (460) pushes the connecting pin (450) out to disengage the connection.

8. The stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electromagnetic fixing frame (470) and the pin fixing seat (480) are both mounted on the nut slider (330). The electromagnetic coil (410) and the stationary iron core (420) are both mounted on the electromagnetic fixing frame (470). The connecting pin (450) is slidably disposed in the pin fixing seat (480) along its axial direction. The power failure reset spring (460) is disposed between the shoulder of the connecting pin (450) and the pin fixing seat (480). The wedge block connector (430) and the nut slider connector (440) are respectively provided with corresponding connecting holes. The front end of the connecting pin (450) is provided with a ramp surface.

9. An elevator brake, characterized in that, The elevator brake includes the stepped wedge-type spring preload adjustment mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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