Gearbox and construction machine
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522696792.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-19
AI Technical Summary
[0004]本实用新型的目的在于提供一种变速箱及工程机械，解决了呼吸器冒油的问题
[0019]本实用新型实施例提供一种变速箱，包括箱体和呼吸器，箱体的一端设置有法兰安装孔，法兰安装孔用于安装输入法兰，法兰安装孔的孔壁设置有限位止口，限位止口的限位面用于对输入法兰进行限位，限位止口的限位面与法兰安装孔的孔底之间具有间隙；箱体的外壁设置有呼吸器安装孔，呼吸器安装孔的轴线与法兰安装孔的轴线垂直，沿法兰安装孔的轴线方向，呼吸器安装孔与间隙至少部分重合；法兰安装孔的内壁设置有透气槽，透气槽连通间隙和呼吸器安装孔；呼吸器安装于呼吸器安装孔。通过限位止口、呼吸器安装孔以及透气槽的设置，使限位面与孔底之间的间隙、透气槽以及呼吸器安装孔连通形成透气通道，保证了气体可以通过该透气通道流动，但限制了润滑油通过，箱体内的润滑油经过轴承输入马达端面与输入轴端部之间，润滑油在撞到马达端面之后通过轴承流出，既保证了轴承的润滑，又能够避免润滑油从呼吸器出流出，即避免了呼吸器冒油的问题。
Smart Images
Figure CN224871835U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engineering machinery technology, and in particular to a gearbox and engineering machinery. Background Technology
[0002] The gearbox is a core component of the transmission system in engineering machinery. It functions to change the gear ratio, increase the torque of the drive wheels, and change the speed of the drive wheels. A hydrostatic gearbox is a type of power shift gearbox. The oil pan at the bottom of the gearbox contains a large amount of gear oil to ensure proper lubrication of the gears inside. When the gearbox is working, the internal temperature rises, and the internal pressure of the gearbox also increases; after operation, the internal temperature drops, and the internal pressure decreases.
[0003] The transmission breather is a crucial component for regulating the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the transmission. It ensures good and stable internal pressure, maintaining a balanced pressure difference and preventing excessive internal pressure that could lead to oil leaks in the seals. However, because the transmission contains lubricating oil, high gear speeds can cause significant oil splashing. If the breather is not properly positioned, lubricating oil can easily overflow from the breather's vent, resulting in a leak. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gearbox and engineering machinery that solves the problem of oil leakage from the breather.
[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] The gearbox includes:
[0007] The housing has a flange mounting hole at one end for mounting an input flange. The flange mounting hole has a limit stop on its wall, and the limit stop's limiting surface is used to limit the input flange. There is a gap between the limit stop's limiting surface and the bottom of the flange mounting hole. The outer wall of the housing has a respirator mounting hole, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the flange mounting hole. Along the axis of the flange mounting hole, the respirator mounting hole at least partially coincides with the gap. The inner wall of the flange mounting hole has a vent groove connecting the gap and the respirator mounting hole.
[0008] A respirator is installed in the respirator mounting hole.
[0009] As a preferred technical solution for the gearbox, the breather mounting hole and the breather are positioned offset from the apex of the gearbox body.
[0010] As a preferred technical solution for the gearbox, it also includes an input shaft and a bearing. The input shaft is disposed in the housing and is supported for rotation by the bearing. Along the axial direction of the input shaft, the breather mounting hole is located on the side of the bearing near the flange mounting hole.
[0011] As a preferred technical solution for the gearbox, the width of the gap is 2mm-3mm.
[0012] As a preferred technical solution for the gearbox, the vent groove has a length of 10mm, a width of 10mm, and a depth of 5mm.
[0013] As a preferred technical solution for the gearbox, the diameter of the breather mounting hole is 18mm-20mm.
[0014] As a preferred technical solution for the gearbox, the depth of the breather mounting hole is 28mm-30mm.
[0015] As a preferred technical solution for the gearbox, along the axial direction of the breather mounting hole, the distance between the bottom end of the breather and the opening of the ventilator groove is 20mm-25mm.
[0016] Construction machinery, including the gearbox described in any of the above-mentioned solutions.
[0017] As a preferred technical solution for construction machinery, the construction machinery is a loader, bulldozer, or forklift.
[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0019] This utility model provides a gearbox, including a housing and a breather. One end of the housing is provided with a flange mounting hole for mounting an input flange. The wall of the flange mounting hole is provided with a limit stop, and the limiting surface of the limit stop is used to limit the input flange. There is a gap between the limiting surface of the limit stop and the bottom of the flange mounting hole. The outer wall of the housing is provided with a breather mounting hole, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the flange mounting hole. Along the axial direction of the flange mounting hole, the breather mounting hole and the gap at least partially coincide. The inner wall of the flange mounting hole is provided with a vent groove, which connects the gap and the breather mounting hole. The breather is mounted in the breather mounting hole. By setting up a limiting stop, a respirator mounting hole, and a venting groove, the gap between the limiting surface and the bottom of the hole, the venting groove, and the respirator mounting hole are connected to form a venting channel, ensuring that gas can flow through the venting channel, but restricting the passage of lubricating oil. The lubricating oil in the housing passes between the bearing input motor end face and the input shaft end. After hitting the motor end face, the lubricating oil flows out through the bearing, which not only ensures the lubrication of the bearing, but also prevents the lubricating oil from flowing out of the respirator, thus avoiding the problem of oil leakage from the respirator. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the gearbox provided in this embodiment of the present invention when the input flange is not installed;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gearbox installed in the input flange according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of the gearbox provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the gearbox provided in the embodiment of the present invention from a second perspective.
[0024] In the picture:
[0025] 10. Housing; 11. Flange mounting hole; 111. Limiting surface; 12. Breather mounting hole; 13. Ventilation groove; 20. Breather; 30. Input flange; 40. Motor end face; 50. Input shaft; 60. Bearing. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.
[0027] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0029] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.
[0030] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment of the utility model provides a gearbox, including a housing 10 and a breather 20. One end of the housing 10 is provided with a flange mounting hole 11 for mounting an input flange 30. The wall of the flange mounting hole 11 is provided with a limiting stop, the limiting surface 111 of which limits the input flange 30, and there is a gap between the limiting surface 111 and the bottom of the flange mounting hole 11. The outer wall of the housing 10 is provided with a breather mounting hole 12, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the flange mounting hole 11. Along the axial direction of the flange mounting hole 11, the breather mounting hole 12 at least partially coincides with the aforementioned gap. The inner wall of the flange mounting hole 11 is provided with a venting groove 13, which connects the aforementioned gap and the breather mounting hole 12. The breather 20 is mounted in the breather mounting hole 12.
[0031] It should be noted that the limiting stop refers to a boss machined within the flange mounting hole 11. The flange mounting hole 11 includes a large hole and a small hole, with the small hole serving as the boss. The connecting surfaces of the large and small holes form a stepped surface, i.e., the limiting surface 111. The input flange 30 extends into the large hole of the flange mounting hole 11 and abuts against the limiting surface 111. The input flange 30 is used to mount a motor, which drives the input shaft 50 within the housing 10 to rotate. The input shaft 50 is supported by a bearing 60. The remaining structure and working principle of the gearbox are existing technologies and will not be detailed here. Optionally, the input flange 30 and the limiting surface 111 are connected by bolts. The nominal diameter of the bolts can be selected as 14mm, and the tightening force of the bolts can be 26±3Nm.
[0032] By setting the limiting stop, the respirator mounting hole 12, and the venting groove 13, the gap between the limiting surface 111 and the bottom of the hole, the venting groove 13, and the respirator mounting hole 12 are connected to form a venting channel, ensuring that gas can flow through this venting channel, but restricting the passage of lubricating oil, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown by the middle arrow, the lubricating oil in the housing 10 is fed between the motor end face 40 and the end of the input shaft 50 through the bearing 60. After hitting the motor end face 40, the lubricating oil flows out through the bearing 60, which not only ensures the lubrication of the bearing 60, but also prevents the lubricating oil from flowing out of the breather 20, thus avoiding the problem of oil leakage from the breather 20.
[0033] In this embodiment, the respirator mounting hole 12 and the respirator 20 are positioned offset from the apex of the housing 10. In related technologies, to prevent oil leakage from the respirator 20, it is typically positioned at the apex of the housing 10. This can lead to the respirator 20 being easily damaged during production and transportation, increasing costs. This embodiment offsets the respirator 20 from the apex of the housing 10, installing it at a lower point. This avoids the respirator 20 protruding excessively, thus preventing damage during production and transportation and saving costs. Of course, in other embodiments, the respirator 20 can also be positioned at the apex of the housing 10.
[0034] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Along the axial direction of the input shaft 50, the breather mounting hole 12 is located on the side of the bearing 60 near the flange mounting hole 11. The side of the bearing 60 near the flange mounting hole 11 has a lower degree of oil agitation than the side of the bearing 60 away from the flange mounting hole 11, which can further prevent the problem of oil leakage from the breather 20.
[0035] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 The width H of the gap between the limiting surface 111 of the limiting stop and the bottom of the flange mounting hole 11 is 2mm-3mm, for example, it can be 2mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.3mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm, 2.6mm, 2.7mm, 2.8mm, 2.9mm, or 3mm, etc. If the width of this gap is too large, lubricating oil may pass through the gap; if the width of the gap is too small, it may obstruct the flow of air. The above setting ensures airflow while restricting the passage of lubricating oil.
[0036] In this embodiment, the vent groove 13 has a length of 10mm, a width of 10mm, and a depth of 5mm. The gearbox housing 10 is cast, and the housing 10 is cast together with the vent groove 13 during casting. The size design of the vent groove 13 ensures its permeability without affecting the subsequent machining of the flange mounting hole 11 and the limiting stop.
[0037] In this embodiment, the diameter of the respirator mounting hole 12 is 18mm-20mm, for example, it can be 18mm, 18.2mm, 18.4mm, 18.6mm, 18.8mm, 19mm, 19.2mm, 19.4mm, 19.6mm, 19.8mm, or 20mm, etc. The depth of the respirator mounting hole 12 is 28mm-30mm, for example, it can be 28mm, 28.2mm, 28.4mm, 28.6mm, 28.8mm, 29mm, 29.2mm, 29.4mm, 29.6mm, 29.8mm, or 30mm, etc.
[0038] In this embodiment, along the axial direction of the respirator mounting hole 12, the distance between the bottom end of the respirator 20 and the opening of the gap-connecting ventilation groove 13 is 20mm-25mm, for example, it can be 20mm, 21mm, 22mm, 23mm, 24mm or 25mm. This setting can prevent the respirator 20 from blocking the opening and ensure the unobstructed ventilation channel.
[0039] This utility model embodiment also provides an engineering machine, including the above-mentioned gearbox. By using the above-mentioned gearbox, the problem of oil leakage from the breather 20 can be avoided.
[0040] In this embodiment, the construction machinery is a loader, bulldozer, or forklift, etc.
[0041] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of this utility model. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A gearbox, characterized in that, include: The housing (10) has a flange mounting hole (11) at one end, which is used to install an input flange (30). The flange mounting hole (11) has a limit stop on its wall, and the limit surface (111) of the limit stop is used to limit the input flange (30). There is a gap between the limit surface (111) of the limit stop and the bottom of the flange mounting hole (11). The outer wall of the housing (10) has a respirator mounting hole (12), and the axis of the respirator mounting hole (12) is perpendicular to the axis of the flange mounting hole (11). Along the axis of the flange mounting hole (11), the respirator mounting hole (12) and the gap are at least partially coincident. The inner wall of the flange mounting hole (11) has a vent groove (13), which connects the gap and the respirator mounting hole (12). A respirator (20) is installed in the respirator mounting hole (12).
2. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, The respirator mounting hole (12) and the respirator (20) are offset from the apex of the housing (10).
3. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an input shaft (50) and a bearing (60), the input shaft (50) being disposed inside the housing (10) and supported for rotation by the bearing (60), and the respirator mounting hole (12) being located on the side of the bearing (60) near the flange mounting hole (11) along the axial direction of the input shaft (50).
4. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the gap is 2mm-3mm.
5. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation groove (13) has a length of 10mm, a width of 10mm, and a depth of 5mm.
6. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the respirator mounting hole (12) is 18mm-20mm.
7. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of the respirator mounting hole (12) is 28mm-30mm.
8. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the respirator mounting hole (12), the distance between the bottom end of the respirator (20) and the opening of the ventilation groove (13) that communicates with the gap is 20mm-25mm.
9. Construction machinery, characterized in that, Includes the gearbox as described in any one of claims 1-8.
10. The engineering machinery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The construction machinery mentioned is a loader, bulldozer, or forklift.