An integrated multi-axis piezoelectric acceleration sensor

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integration multi -shaft piezoelectric acceleration sensor, including the octagonal prism mass of cross section is regular octagon, is equipped with a pair of piezoelectric ceramic ring every side, is fixed through bolt, and the piezoelectric ceramic ring polarization direction of same side face is opposite, and the piezoelectric ceramic ring of opposite side face adopts different polarity reverse parallel connection, and every piezoelectric ceramic ring is fixed with fixed pre -tightening force. This sensor realizes single mass four -axial signal measurement, eliminates multi -sensor installation error, and phase consistency error is less than 0.1, is applicable to low -frequency measurement, can directly capture oblique acceleration, enhances system reliability, reduces the influence of noise. Its range is plus or minus 2g, and the sensitivity XY axle and plus or minus 45 degree axle are all 2700pC / g, and the working frequency band is 0~1000Hz, and the transverse sensitivity is less than the main shaft 5%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This solution relates to the field of acceleration sensors, specifically an integrated multi-axis piezoelectric acceleration sensor. Background Technology

[0002] Existing piezoelectric accelerometers generally employ a single-axis design or an orthogonal XY-axis design. When these sensors are installed and fixed in a specific location, measuring oblique vibrations, such as those in the ±45° direction, requires a combination of multiple sensors. This multi-sensor approach inevitably increases the overall size of the measurement system, and phase errors gradually accumulate during signal transmission and processing. This cumulative error further affects sensor performance, ultimately resulting in insufficient sensitivity to meet the demands of high-precision measurements. Therefore, existing designs suffer from the dual problems of large size and insufficient sensitivity when dealing with oblique vibration measurements.

[0003] For combined sensors, their performance is significantly affected when detecting multidimensional vibrations within a plane. Because their design does not adequately account for lateral interference, their lateral sensitivity is high in practical applications, typically exceeding 5%. The ratio of the output signal to the lateral input (e.g., acceleration value) when the sensor is subjected to lateral (non-sensitive axis) acceleration or vibration excitation reflects the sensor's sensitivity to interference in the non-target direction. This is essentially the lateral sensitivity ratio (TSR), the percentage ratio of lateral sensitivity to axial sensitivity (TSR = lateral sensitivity / axial sensitivity × 100%), used to quantify the intensity of lateral interference. For example, if the axial sensitivity is 10 mV / g and the lateral sensitivity is 0.3 mV / g, the TSR is 3%. This high lateral sensitivity makes the sensor susceptible to interference signals from the lateral direction when detecting multidimensional vibrations, thus reducing the accuracy and reliability of the detection results. Therefore, in applications requiring precise measurement of multidimensional vibrations within a plane, this limitation of combined sensors needs special attention, and appropriate solutions must be sought to improve their performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an integrated multi-axis piezoelectric accelerometer.

[0005] The specific technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: An integrated multi-axis piezoelectric accelerometer includes an octagonal prism mass block with a regular octagonal cross-section. A pair of piezoelectric ceramic rings are provided on each side of the octagonal prism mass block, and the piezoelectric ceramic rings are fixed to the mass block by bolts.

[0006] Furthermore, the piezoelectric ceramic rings on the same side of the octagonal prism mass block have opposite polarization directions. The advantage of this arrangement is that when the sensor is subjected to multidimensional vibrations, vibrations in different directions will cause corresponding accelerations on different sides of the mass block. Because the piezoelectric ceramic rings on the same side have opposite polarization directions, they will generate different electrical signal outputs for accelerations in different directions. This design allows the sensor to more accurately identify and distinguish vibration signals from different directions, thereby effectively reducing the influence of lateral interference signals and improving the accuracy and reliability of the detection results.

[0007] Furthermore, the piezoelectric ceramic rings located on opposite sides of the octagonal prism mass block are connected in parallel with opposite polarities. The advantage is that when the sensor is subjected to acceleration in a certain direction, the signals received by the piezoelectric ceramic rings on opposite sides are opposite. Since the output polarization of the piezoelectric ceramic rings at both ends is opposite, they all generate the same electrical signal, which can be directly added together, thus amplifying the electrical signal corresponding to the direction of acceleration. This parallel connection not only simplifies the circuit structure and reduces the complexity of signal processing but also improves the sensor's sensitivity. In addition, the parallel-connected piezoelectric ceramic rings can more effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, improving the sensor's energy conversion efficiency. Therefore, this design further enhances the sensor's performance and stability in multidimensional vibration detection.

[0008] Furthermore, each piezoelectric ceramic ring is bolted to an octagonal prism mass block with a fixed preload N, applying static pressure to the piezoelectric element. This causes the piezoelectric element to withstand greater dynamic compressive force during vibration, thereby increasing the charge output and thus improving the sensor's sensitivity. The linearity of the sensitivity of a compression sensor is affected by the contact stiffness between components. Insufficient preload leads to nonlinear changes in contact stiffness, resulting in a "saturation phenomenon" in sensitivity under high acceleration, also known as reverse sensitivity stagnation. Increasing the preload reduces the dispersion of contact stiffness, ensuring uniform stress on the piezoelectric element, thereby improving the linearity and stability of the sensitivity.

[0009] This accelerometer is suitable for low-frequency measurements. For specific applications (such as oblique vibration or impact), it can directly capture acceleration in the target direction, reducing signal processing complexity. When a sensor in one axis fails, oblique data can help recover the original signal, enhancing system reliability. Multi-directional data fusion can reduce noise impact and optimize acceleration estimation. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the integrated multi-axis piezoelectric accelerometer of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the integrated multi-axis piezoelectric accelerometer of this utility model; Figure 3This is a simulation diagram of the piezoelectric polarization direction of the integrated multi-axis piezoelectric accelerometer of this utility model.

[0011] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the integrated multi-axis piezoelectric accelerometer of this utility model; The following is a list of component names represented by the reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Type I polarized piezoelectric ceramic ring; 2. Type II polarized piezoelectric ceramic ring; 3. Bolt; 4. Octagonal prism mass block; 5. Measuring electrode; 6. Grounding electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0013] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, an integrated multi-axis piezoelectric accelerometer includes an octagonal prism mass block 4 with a regular octagonal cross-section. A pair of piezoelectric ceramic rings are provided on each side of the octagonal prism mass block 4, and the two are fixed to the mass block by bolts 3.

[0014] Furthermore, the piezoelectric ceramic rings located on the same side of the octagonal prism mass block 4 have opposite polarization directions. That is, the pair of piezoelectric ceramic rings includes a first-type polarized piezoelectric ceramic ring 1 and a second-type polarized piezoelectric ceramic ring 2, with the first-type polarized piezoelectric ceramic ring 1 and the second-type polarized piezoelectric ceramic ring 2 having opposite polarization directions, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the two piezoelectric ceramic rings are connected at one end to form the measuring electrode 5, and the two ends that are relatively far apart are grounding electrodes 6. Thus, after being subjected to acceleration in a certain direction, double the amount of charge can be obtained at the measuring electrode 5.

[0015] The piezoelectric ceramic rings located on opposite sides of the octagonal prism mass block 4 have opposite output polarities. Figure 4 The arrows on the piezoelectric ceramic ring indicate the polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic ring itself, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the measuring electrodes of the piezoelectric ceramic rings on opposite sides are connected in parallel, which further increases the amount of charge detected on the measuring electrode 5.

[0016] Each piezoelectric ceramic ring is fixed to the octagonal prism mass block 4 by bolts 3 with a fixed preload N, applying static pressure to the piezoelectric element so that the piezoelectric element can operate within its optimal range.

[0017] Testing has shown that the sensor based on this solution can achieve the following parameter effects:

[0018] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated multi-axis piezoelectric accelerometer, characterized in that, It includes an octagonal prism mass block with a regular octagonal cross-section, and a pair of piezoelectric ceramic rings are provided on each side of the octagonal prism mass block. The piezoelectric ceramic rings are fixed to the mass block by bolts.

2. The integrated multi-axis piezoelectric accelerometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piezoelectric ceramic rings located on the same side of the octagonal prism mass block have opposite polarization directions.

3. The integrated multi-axis piezoelectric accelerometer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The piezoelectric ceramic rings located on opposite sides of the octagonal prism mass block have opposite output polarities.

4. The integrated multi-axis piezoelectric accelerometer according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Each piezoelectric ceramic ring is bolted to an octagonal prism mass block with a fixed preload N, applying static pressure to the piezoelectric element.

5. The integrated multi-axis piezoelectric accelerometer according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The piezoelectric ceramic rings located on opposite sides of the octagonal prism mass block are connected in parallel with opposite polarities.

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