A demonstration experiment device for formation of aeolian geomorphology

Abstract

The utility model discloses a demonstration experiment device of formation of aeolian landform, and the device includes the transparent experiment box body of top open, is equipped with the scene model component from left to right distribution in experiment box body, is equipped with the simulated sand dune of a plurality of simulated sand particle mixture, is equipped with the prevention and treatment model component and the smoke generator for producing smoke on the simulated sand dune, the sand collecting dustpan for receiving simulated sand particle is still equipped on the left inner wall of experiment box body, the right side of experiment box body is equipped with adjustable airflow generating component, and the air outlet of adjustable airflow generating component communicates with the inside of experiment box body, the top of experiment box body is equipped with at least one sliding support that can slide along left and right directions, and the anemograph is slidably arranged on the sliding support along the front and back or up and down direction, the front side of experiment box body is equipped with time distance measuring component, and the lower side of time distance measuring component is also equipped with mark component. The experiment device of the application can directly show the influence of wind sand movement on the environment, can qualitatively and quantitatively observe, and guarantees that the experimental environment is neat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of teaching demonstration experimental instruments, and in particular to a demonstration experimental device for the formation of wind and sand landforms. Background Technology

[0002] Aeolian landforms are landform types formed by the erosion, transportation, and deposition of surface materials by wind. Widely distributed in arid and semi-arid regions, they are a typical geographical landscape in Northwest my country. Their formation process involves principles from multiple disciplines, including aerodynamics, sedimentology, and fluid mechanics. Traditional middle school geography classes often rely on static images or video animations, making it difficult to intuitively present their dynamic evolution mechanisms. For most middle school students living far from the arid Northwest, this context is unfamiliar and difficult to understand. To overcome this challenge, classroom demonstrations and experiments have become an important technical means to deepen students' understanding.

[0003] Currently used instruments for the formation and experimental demonstration of aeolian landforms are generally unable to accurately simulate the grand, slow and complex movement processes in nature on a small scale and in a short time. They also cannot solve the problems of matching wind speed with sand grains, distinguishing different types of sand grains, controlling the experimental process, causing distortion during accelerated experiments, failing to realistically simulate the characteristics of prevention and control measures, and having high difficulty in observation and data collection.

[0004] Meanwhile, conventional experimental instruments face the following technical challenges when conducting laboratory demonstrations using real sand grains:

[0005] First, the research object is sand grains: if the sand grains have little difference in size, or if the sand grains are slightly damp, it is impossible to simulate the movement mode of different sand grains (suspension, jump, creep). Even if the grain size difference is large, there will be a phenomenon that large-diameter sand grains cannot be blown away. Among them, when small-diameter sand grains are blown by the wind, they will form dust on the podium. More seriously, they will generate static electricity and be attracted to the surrounding plates of the container, which is not environmentally friendly and clean, and will cause the box walls to be blurry and opaque, affecting the observation.

[0006] Secondly, controlling the airflow and the duration of the experiment presents significant challenges. The conventional experimental method involves using a fan in the laboratory to simulate wind and move sand grains. However, the airflow generated by the fan is very short, making it difficult to create a stable and uniform wind field. Because the airflow is difficult to control, the wind speed can be too low, preventing the sand grains from moving, or too high, creating chaotic turbulence that disperses the sand grains rather than shaping the landform. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention proposes a demonstration experimental device for the formation of wind-blown sand landforms, which solves the aforementioned technical problems.

[0008] This application proposes a demonstration experimental device for the formation of wind-blown sand landforms, including a transparent experimental chamber with an open top. Inside the experimental chamber, there are scene model components distributed from left to right, simulated sand dunes composed of a mixture of simulated sand particles, prevention and control model components and a smoke generator for generating smoke on the simulated sand dunes, and a sand collection sieve for receiving simulated sand particles on the left inner wall of the experimental chamber. An adjustable airflow generating component is provided on the right side of the experimental chamber, and the air outlet of the adjustable airflow generating component is connected to the interior of the experimental chamber. At least one sliding bracket that can slide in the left and right direction is provided on the top of the experimental chamber, and an anemometer is slidably mounted on the sliding bracket in the front-back or up-down direction. A time-distance measuring component is provided on the front side of the experimental chamber, and a marking component is provided below the time-distance measuring component.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solutions, the transparent experimental chamber facilitates the intuitive display of simulated sand dune changes. The roofless structure, compared to a covered structure, avoids affecting airflow, allowing the simulated sand dunes to mimic the wind and sand movement of real sand dunes. In basic experiments, there is no need to place scene model components or prevention model components, facilitating the simulation of sand dune changes without prevention measures. Adjustable airflow generators regulate different wind speeds, and combined with smoke generated by a smoke generator, simulate different wind speed scenarios in natural environments. The airflow path and simulated sand particle movement trajectory can be intuitively displayed, further enhancing the visualization of the experiment. An anemometer is used to display real-time digital wind speed values, facilitating airflow control and wind measurement. The anemometer is highly flexible, with adjustable forward / backward and up / down positions. A sand collection basket receives simulated sand particles flying from a distance, facilitating observation of the fastest, highest, and longest-distance suspended motion of visually observable particles. It also allows for quantitative measurement of the sorting properties of wind-deposited landforms. A marking component, combined with a time-distance measurement component, facilitates observation and recording of the movement distance and height changes of simulated sand dunes. In wind and sand control experiments, scene model components and control model components are placed to simulate scenarios with surface cover. By comparing data from basic experiments and wind and sand control experiments, the differences in simulated sand dune movement results with and without surface cover can be visually observed and compared.

[0010] Preferably, the simulated sand particles are foam particles, and the simulated sand particles include a number of first sand particles, second sand particles, third sand particles, fourth sand particles and fifth sand particles with different colors. The particle size of the first sand particle is 9mm-10mm, the particle size of the second sand particle is 7mm-8mm, the particle size of the third sand particle is 5mm-6mm, the particle size of the fourth sand particle is 3mm-4mm, and the particle size of the fifth sand particle is 1mm-2mm.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, foam particles of various colors and five different particle sizes are used as simulated sand particles instead of sand as the research object. An adjustable airflow generating component is used on the windward slope to simulate a wind power device, which blows the sand dunes simulated by the mixed foam particles of different particle sizes, realizing the movement of foam particles (simulated sand particles). This simulates various movement forms of sand particles in aeolian landforms (such as suspension, creep, and leap). It avoids the problem of using uniformly sized simulated sand particles that cannot simulate the movement of different types of sand particles, and the environmentally unfriendly problem of dust flying when using real sand. Using colored foam particles of different particle sizes as simulated sand particles has high distinguishability and visibility, and is highly intuitive. At the same time, the experimental process is fast and efficient, and the experimental environment is environmentally friendly and clean.

[0012] Preferably, the central part of the simulated sand dune rises, and the left and right sides of the rising part form a windward slope and a leeward slope respectively, and the slope of the windward slope is less than that of the leeward slope.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the windward slope is set with an adjustable airflow generating component to simulate the windward and leeward slopes of real sand dunes, thereby improving the realism of the experiment.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustable airflow generating assembly includes at least two blowers, each blower being connected to a speed controller via a cable. The right side wall of the experimental chamber has an air inlet that connects to the air outlet of the blower, and the height of the air inlet is greater than the rightmost height of the simulated sand dune. The right side of the experimental chamber is provided with a mounting platform and a storage slot. The bottom of the blower is fixed on the mounting platform, and the speed controller is placed in the storage slot.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a blower is used as the wind power generating device, providing sufficient wind force. The blower's outlet is connected to the air inlet, allowing the airflow to wash along the surface of the simulated sand dunes. The blower, in conjunction with a speed controller, adjusts the wind speed to simulate different intensities of natural wind. The mounting platform supports the blower, ensuring a uniform height and position. The storage slot facilitates the placement of the speed controller, allowing users to quickly store it after adjusting the wind speed.

[0016] Preferably, the top edges of the front and rear surfaces of the experimental chamber are provided with left and right guide rails, and the two ends of the sliding bracket are bent downward and placed on the guide rails.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding support can slide left and right along the guide rail. The erection method eliminates the need for frequent fixing of the sliding support, which is beneficial for quickly adjusting the position of the anemometer during the experiment. The anemometer has a digital display function, which is beneficial for directly observing changes in wind speed.

[0018] Preferably, a horizontal moving frame is provided on the sliding bracket along the front-to-back direction, and the top of the anemometer is inserted into the horizontal moving frame and is interference-fitted with the horizontal moving frame.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the anemometer can move back and forth along the sliding support with the horizontal moving frame to detect wind speed values ​​at different positions at the same height.

[0020] Preferably, a vertical moving frame is fixed in the middle of the sliding bracket, the anemometer is slidably mounted in the vertical moving frame, and a locking mechanism for locking the position of the anemometer is provided on the outside of the vertical moving frame.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the front and rear positions of the anemometer are fixed, and it can slide up and down along the vertical moving frame to detect wind speed values ​​at different height positions when at the same front and rear positions. When the anemometer is adjusted to the correct position, the height position of the anemometer can be fixed by a locking mechanism (such as pressing the anemometer with an adjustment knob).

[0022] Preferably, the time and distance measuring component includes a stopwatch and a distance scale extending from right to left, the distance scale being affixed to the surface of the experimental chamber, and the marking component includes several small marking flags located below the distance scale, the small marking flags being attached to the surface of the experimental chamber by suction cups.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the stopwatch records the time to calculate the movement speed of the simulated sand dunes under different wind speeds when the simulated sand dunes move the same distance. The distance scale is used to measure the movement distance and height change of the simulated sand dunes. With the help of the marker flag, different positions of the simulated sand dunes can be marked. The suction cup adsorption method makes it easy for users to quickly adjust the position of the marker flag.

[0024] Preferably, the sand collection basket includes a basket support and a basket body. The basket support is fitted with the top edge of the experimental chamber, and the basket body is suspended on the basket support. The basket body has a sloping opening facing the simulated sand dune, and the height of the left side wall of the experimental chamber is greater than the height of the right side wall.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the sand collection basket is also installed in the form of a bracket, which can be set up on the top of the experimental box for easy installation. At the same time, the sloping opening of the basket body faces the simulated sand dune, which can receive simulated sand particles flying from a distance. This makes it easy to observe the suspension motion phenomenon of the smallest visible particles with high speed, high flight and far flight. It can also quantitatively measure the sorting of wind-deposited landforms.

[0026] Preferably, the scene model component includes a house model and a track model, and the prevention and control model component includes several tree models and grass grid models. Both the tree models and grass grid models are partially embedded in the simulated sand dunes, and the grass grid model is a bristle grid.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solutions, house models, track models, tree models, and grass checkerboard models are used to simulate the real physical blocking effect of surface cover on wind and sand, demonstrating how to reduce wind speed and fix the sand surface by changing the surface roughness, thereby reflecting the prevention and control approach of "fixing, blocking, and transporting".

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0029] The demonstration experimental device for the formation of aeolian landforms in this application adopts a transparent, topless experimental chamber, which facilitates intuitive observation and avoids airflow interference. Multi-sized colored foam sand particles replace sand, solving the problem of dust pollution and improving the distinguishability of sand particle movement, and can simulate various forms of sand particle movement. The adjustable airflow component (blower with speed controller) can accurately simulate different wind speeds, and with the multi-directional adjustable anemometer, flexible wind speed monitoring can be achieved. The sand collection basket can quantitatively measure the sand particle accumulation and sorting, and the marking component and time distance measurement component facilitate the recording of dune changes. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention. Other embodiments and many anticipated advantages of the embodiments will be readily recognized as they become better understood through reference to the following detailed description. Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from reading the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a demonstration experimental device for the formation of wind-blown landforms according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams of two different sliding bracket structures according to specific embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a sand collection basket structure according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the handheld recycling box assembly and the partition baffle according to a specific embodiment of this application.

[0035] The meaning of each number in the diagram:

[0036] Experimental box 01, simulated sand dune 02, sand collection basket 03, sliding support 04, anemometer 05, blower 06, speed controller 07, mounting platform 08, storage slot 09, guide rail 10, horizontal moving frame 11, vertical moving frame 12, distance ruler 13, marker flag 14, basket support 15, basket body 16, house model 17, track model 18, tree model 19, grass grid model 20, dividing baffle 21, handheld ruler 22, recycling box 23. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0038] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] According to the first aspect of this application, a demonstration experimental device for the formation of wind-blown sand landforms is proposed. Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a demonstration experimental device for the formation of wind-blown sand landforms according to an embodiment of this application is shown. The device includes a transparent experimental box 01 with an open top. Inside the experimental box 01, there are scene model components distributed from left to right, and simulated sand dunes 02 composed of a mixture of simulated sand grains. The simulated sand dunes 02 are equipped with a prevention and control model component and a smoke generator (not shown in the figure) for generating smoke. A sand collection basket 03 for receiving simulated sand grains is also provided on the left inner wall of the experimental box 01. An adjustable airflow generating component is provided on the right side of the experimental box 01, and the air outlet of the adjustable airflow generating component is connected to the interior of the experimental box 01. At least one sliding bracket 04 that can slide in the left and right direction is provided on the top of the experimental box 01. An anemometer 05 is slidably mounted on the sliding bracket 04 in the front-back or up-down direction. The anemometer 05 has a digital display function. A time-distance measuring component is provided on the front side of the experimental box 01, and a marking component is provided below the time-distance measuring component.

[0040] The transparent experimental chamber 01 allows for a direct and intuitive demonstration of the changes in the simulated sand dunes 02. The open structure, compared to a covered structure, avoids affecting airflow, enabling the simulated sand dunes 02 to mimic the wind and sand movement of real sand dunes. In basic experiments, there is no need to place scene model components or prevention model components, facilitating the simulation of sand dune changes without prevention measures. Adjustable airflow generators regulate different wind speeds, and combined with smoke generated by a smoke generator, simulate different wind speed scenarios in a natural environment. The airflow path and simulated sand particle trajectory are visually displayed, enhancing the visualization of the experiment. The anemometer 05 displays real-time digital wind speed values, facilitating control of airflow and measurement of wind speed changes. The anemometer 05 is adjustable in both forward and backward and up and down positions, offering high flexibility. The sand collection basket 03 is used to receive simulated sand particles flying from a distance, facilitating the observation of the suspension motion phenomenon where the smallest visible particles move quickly, high, and far. It can also quantitatively measure the sorting properties of wind-deposited landforms. The marker component, in conjunction with the time-distance measurement component, facilitates the observation and recording of the movement distance and height changes of the simulated sand dune 02. In the wind and sand control experiment, the scene model component and the control model component are placed to simulate the scenario when the ground surface is covered. By comparing the data from the basic experiment and the wind and sand control experiment, the differences in the experimental results of the simulated sand dune 02 movement when the ground surface is covered can be observed and compared intuitively.

[0041] Specifically, the experimental chamber 01 measures 120cm*45cm*45cm and is made of transparent acrylic material with a thickness of 0.5cm.

[0042] Preferably, the simulated sand particles are foam particles, and the simulated sand particles include several first sand particles, second sand particles, third sand particles, fourth sand particles and fifth sand particles with different colors. The particle size of the first sand particle is 9mm-10mm, the particle size of the second sand particle is 7mm-8mm, the particle size of the third sand particle is 5mm-6mm, the particle size of the fourth sand particle is 3mm-4mm, and the particle size of the fifth sand particle is 1mm-2mm. The simulated dune 02 has a central ridge, and the left and right sides of the ridge form a windward slope and a leeward slope, respectively, and the slope of the windward slope is less than the slope of the leeward slope.

[0043] This study uses foam particles of various colors and five different sizes as simulated sand particles instead of soil as the research object. An adjustable airflow generator is used on the windward slope to simulate a wind-driven device, which blows the sand dunes simulated by the mixed foam particles of different sizes, realizing the movement of the foam particles (simulated sand particles). This simulates various forms of sand particle movement (such as suspension, creep, and leap) in aeolian landforms. It avoids the problems of using uniformly sized simulated sand particles, which cannot simulate the movement of different types of sand particles, and the environmentally unfriendly issues of dust when using real soil. Using colored foam particles of different sizes as simulated sand particles provides high differentiation and visibility, and is highly intuitive. At the same time, the experimental process is quick and efficient, and the experimental environment is environmentally friendly and clean.

[0044] The adjustable airflow generation component for the windward slope orientation of the simulated dune 02 simulates the windward slope of a real dune, which can improve the realism of the experiment.

[0045] Preferably, the adjustable airflow generating assembly includes at least two blowers 06, each blower 06 is connected to a speed controller 07 via a cable, and the right side wall of the experimental chamber 01 has an air inlet (not shown in the figure) that connects to the air outlet of the blower 06, the height of the air inlet being greater than the rightmost height of the simulated sand dune 02; the right side of the experimental chamber 01 is provided with a mounting platform 08 and a storage slot 09, the bottom of the blower 06 is fixed on the mounting platform 08, and the speed controller 07 is placed in the storage slot 09.

[0046] A blower 06 is used as the wind power generating device. Compared with ordinary small fans, the blower 06 has sufficient air power. The air outlet of the blower 06 is connected to the air inlet so that the airflow can wash along the surface of the simulated sand dune 02. The blower 06 is used in conjunction with the speed controller 07 to adjust the wind speed and simulate different high-intensity natural winds. The mounting platform 08 is used to support the blower 06 and ensure that the height of the blower 06 is uniform. The storage slot 09 is convenient for placing the speed controller 07. After the user adjusts the wind speed, it can be quickly stored away.

[0047] Preferably, the top edges of the front and rear surfaces of the experimental chamber 01 are provided with left and right guide rails 10, and the two ends of the sliding bracket 04 are bent downward and placed on the guide rails 10.

[0048] The sliding bracket 04 can slide left and right along the guide rail 10. The method of setting up the bracket eliminates the need for frequent fixing of the sliding bracket 04, which is beneficial for quickly adjusting the position of the anemometer 05 during the experiment. The anemometer 05 has a digital display function, which is beneficial for directly observing changes in wind speed.

[0049] Preferably, the time and distance measuring component includes a stopwatch (not shown in the figure) and a distance scale 13 extending from right to left. The distance scale 13 is affixed to the surface of the experimental chamber 01. The marking component includes several small marking flags 14 located below the distance scale 13. The small marking flags 14 are attached to the surface of the experimental chamber 01 by suction cups.

[0050] Specifically, the surface of the experimental chamber 01 can be equipped with a slot for storing a stopwatch. At the start of the experiment, the user holds the stopwatch to keep track of time.

[0051] The stopwatch records the time to calculate the movement speed of the simulated dune 02 under different wind speeds when the distance is the same. The distance scale 13 is used to measure the movement distance and height change of the simulated dune 02. With the help of the marker flag 14, different positions of the simulated dune 02 can be marked. The suction cup adsorption method makes it easy for users to quickly adjust the position of the marker flag 14.

[0052] Preferably, the scene model components include a house model 17 and a track model 18, and the prevention and control model components include several tree models 19 and grass grid models 20. Both the tree models 19 and the grass grid models 20 are partially embedded in the simulated sand dune 02, and the grass grid model 20 is a bristle grid.

[0053] The house model 17, track model 18, tree model 19, and grass grid model 20 are used to simulate the real physical blocking effect of surface cover on wind and sand. The grass grid model 20 is used as a roughness material to change the roughness of the simulated sand dune 02 surface, reduce wind force, and simulate straw grids used to control wind and sand. It shows how changing the surface roughness can reduce wind speed and fix the sand surface, thus reflecting the prevention and control concept of "fixing, blocking, and transporting".

[0054] Figure 2 Schematic diagrams of two different sliding bracket structures according to specific embodiments of this application are shown, such as... Figure 1-2 As shown, a sliding bracket 04 is a single bracket structure. A horizontal moving frame 11 is provided on the sliding bracket 04 along the front-back direction. The top of the anemometer 05 is inserted into the horizontal moving frame 11 and is interference-fitted with the horizontal moving frame 11.

[0055] During the experiment, the anemometer 05 can move back and forth along the sliding bracket 04 with the horizontal moving frame 11 to detect the wind speed values ​​at different front and rear positions at the same height.

[0056] Preferably, another sliding bracket 04 is a double bracket structure. A vertical moving frame 12 is fixed in the middle of the sliding bracket 04. The anemometer 05 is slidably arranged in the vertical moving frame 12. A locking mechanism (not shown in the figure) for locking the position of the anemometer 05 is also provided on the outside of the vertical moving frame 12.

[0057] The anemometer 05 has a fixed front and rear position, but can slide up and down along the vertical moving frame 12. It is used to detect wind speed values ​​at different heights when the same front and rear position is reached. When the anemometer 05 is adjusted to the correct position, the height position of the anemometer 05 can be fixed by a locking mechanism (such as pressing the adjustment knob to lock the anemometer 05).

[0058] In practical use, the two types of sliding brackets 04 can be used simultaneously, thereby setting up multiple anemometers 05 to measure the wind speed at different front and rear positions and different height positions at the same time. With the help of the anemometers 05 with digital display function, the operator can directly observe and record the specific values ​​of the wind speed.

[0059] By combining the adjustable-speed blower 06 with two movable anemometers 05 equipped with blades and digital displays, the wind speed threshold and experimental time can be controlled conveniently and quickly, enabling real-time, precise control and visual measurement of wind speed and the movement of the simulated sand dunes 02.

[0060] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a sand collection basket structure according to a specific embodiment of this application is shown, as follows: Figure 1-3 As shown, the sand collection scoop 03 includes a scoop support 15 and a scoop body 16. The scoop support 15 is also a double support structure. The scoop support 15 is matched with the top edge (guide rail 10) of the experimental box 01, and the scoop body 16 is suspended on the scoop support 15. The scoop body 16 has a sloping opening facing the simulated sand dune 02, and the height of the left side wall of the experimental box 01 is greater than the height of the right side wall. The higher left side wall can prevent simulated sand particles flying from a distance from flying directly out of the experimental box 01, ensuring a clean experimental environment.

[0061] The sand collection basket 03 is also mounted on a bracket and can be placed on top of the experimental box 01 for easy installation. At the same time, the sloping opening of the basket body 16 faces the simulated sand dune 02, which can receive simulated sand particles flying from a distance. This makes it easy to observe the suspension motion phenomenon of the smallest visible particles, which are fast, high and far away. It can also be used to quantitatively measure the sorting of wind-deposited landforms.

[0062] Specifically, the sand collection sieve 03 can also be in the form of a single sieve body 16, which is placed at the bottom leftmost side of the experimental chamber 01. Different types of sand collection sieve 03 can be selected according to the wind speed of the experiment.

[0063] Furthermore, to more intuitively verify the difference in the movement speed of sand dunes at the same height under different wind speeds, the experimental setup was additionally equipped with a handheld recovery box assembly and a dividing baffle 21. Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the handheld recycling bin assembly and the partition baffle arrangement according to a specific embodiment of this application is shown, as follows. Figure 1-4 As shown, the partition baffle 21 is set parallel to the front and rear surfaces of the experimental chamber 01 and is placed on the width centerline of the experimental chamber 01. Since the two air inlets of the experimental chamber 01 are at the same height and are symmetrically set, the partition baffle 21 is set along the axis of symmetry of the two air inlets. Based on the two air inlets, the interior of the experimental chamber 01 is divided into two areas. The partition baffle 21 is set on the simulated sand dune 02. Each blower 06 corresponds to one area. By controlling the two blowers 06 to use different wind speeds, experiments are conducted to verify different wind speed conditions.

[0064] Specifically, the partition 21 measures 38cm x 60cm, is 0.5cm thick, and is made of transparent acrylic.

[0065] Furthermore, the handheld recycling bin assembly includes a handheld ruler 22, on which three identical recycling bins 23 are slidably mounted. Both the recycling bins 23 and the handheld ruler 22 are made of transparent acrylic. The bottom surface of each recycling bin 23 is an isosceles trapezoid with upper base, lower base, and waist dimensions of 3cm, 5cm, and 6cm, respectively. The overall height of the recycling bin 23 is 4cm, and the acrylic material thickness of the recycling bins 23 is 0.2cm. The acrylic material thickness of the handheld ruler 22 is 0.5cm, and its dimensions are 2cm x 35cm. The positions of the three collection boxes 23 can be locked with bolts. At the same time, the pitch angles of the three collection boxes 23 can also be adjusted. In order to collect the sorting characteristics of the movement height of simulated sand particles of different sizes under the action of wind, the three collection boxes 23 are locked at the upper, middle and lower parts of the handheld ruler 22, respectively. Because the simulated sand particles with large diameters mainly move by creeping, the collection box 23 at the bottom has the highest collection ratio; the particles with medium diameters mainly move by jumping, the collection box 23 at the middle has the highest collection ratio; and the particles with small diameters mainly move by suspension, the collection box 23 at the top has the highest collection ratio.

[0066] Specifically, in the control experiment, the dividing baffle 21 was placed between the two air inlets, dividing the experimental chamber 01 into two parts along the air blowing direction, and then the simulated sand dune 02 was divided into two groups for comparison. Two blowers 06 were turned on at the same time, with one wind speed set to 5 m / s and the other to 8 m / s. The user operated the handheld recycling box assembly to collect the simulated sand particles flying from the far end at the end of the two divided areas. By comparing the collection ratio in the two groups of handheld recycling box assemblies, a control experiment was formed to prove that the main reason affecting the movement of the simulated sand dune 02 is the effect of wind.

[0067] When conducting a demonstration experiment on the prevention and control of wind-blown sand landforms using the experimental apparatus of this application, the following steps are adopted:

[0068] S1: Start the basic experiment. Do not place scene model components or prevention model components inside the experimental chamber.

[0069] S2: Using the marking component, select several marking points at different heights on the front surface of the experimental chamber. The positions of the marking points correspond to the particle surfaces of the simulated sand dunes, and record the initial positions of the marking points.

[0070] S3: Activate the adjustable airflow generator and smoke generator, continuously observe and record the changes in wind speed using an anemometer, adjust the wind speed to a low speed setting, start timing using the time-distance measurement unit, continuously observe the changes in the particle surface of the simulated sand dune, and record the time when the simulated sand particles begin to move, the movement mode of simulated sand particles of different sizes, and the direction of movement.

[0071] S4: Use the time-distance measurement component to measure and move the marker point by the same distance, continue to observe the movement of the simulated sand grains, and record the time data used for the movement of the simulated sand grains and the morphological changes of the simulated sand dunes;

[0072] S5: Adjust the wind speed in step S3 to medium speed and high speed in turn, repeat steps S2 to S4, and record the experimental data and phenomena under different wind speeds.

[0073] S6: Start the sandstorm control experiment. Place the scene model component and the control model component inside the experimental chamber. Adjust the wind speed in step S3 to low speed, medium speed and high speed in sequence. Repeat steps S2 to S4 and compare the experimental results of simulated dune movement distance and simulated sand grain movement in the basic experiment and the sandstorm control experiment.

[0074] The above steps first involve conducting basic experiments with and without the scenario model components and the prevention and control model components inside the experimental chamber, followed by sandstorm prevention and control experiments with the aforementioned components. This forms a "no prevention and control - with prevention and control" control experimental system, effectively solving the problem of relying solely on qualitative observation and lacking data support for effect verification in traditional sandstorm prevention and control demonstrations. During the experiment, markers corresponding to the simulated sand dune particle surfaces are set using the marker component, and their initial positions are recorded. The adjustable airflow generator component is used to adjust low, medium, and high wind speeds in stages. Combined with an anemometer and time-distance measurement components, wind speed changes, sand particle movement time and manner, marker point displacement, and sand dune morphology changes are monitored in real time. This ensures that experimental variables are controllable and observation indicators are quantifiable, significantly improving the repeatability of experimental data and the scientific validity of conclusions. It can accurately reproduce the movement patterns of real sandstorm environments under different wind speeds, and the smoke generator can assist in observing airflow movement. Combined with the scenario model components, it simulates actual application scenarios, making the working principle and effect of the prevention and control model more in line with practical needs.

[0075] Specifically, the detailed steps of the experiment are as follows:

[0076] 1. Before the experiment begins, simulated sand dunes composed of simulated sand grains of various sizes are piled up at one end of the experimental chamber near the blower outlet.

[0077] 2. Select several different height positions on the particle surface, attach red marker flags as marker points on the front of the experimental chamber, record their initial positions and label them;

[0078] 3. Start the blower and smoke generator, adjust the wind speed to a low speed (e.g., 3m / s), the smoke generator emits smoke, start the stopwatch, and continuously observe the changes in the simulated dune particle surface. Record the time when the simulated dune begins to move, the movement mode (suspension, jump, creep, etc.) of simulated sand particles of different sizes, and the direction of movement.

[0079] 4. Use a distance ruler to measure the distance the marker flag moves, while observing the movement of the simulated sand dunes and recording the time data. This data is used to measure the movement speed of the simulated sand dunes under different wind speeds, as well as their shape changes, such as whether they form sand dunes or sand ripples. Take photos to record these changes. Adjust the wind speed to medium speed (e.g., 6 m / s) and high speed (e.g., 9 m / s) in sequence, and repeat the above steps, recording the experimental data and phenomena under different wind speeds.

[0080] When studying the motion characteristics of simulated sand grains of different sizes under wind action, the motion patterns of simulated sand grains of different sizes are shown in Table 1:

[0081] Table 1. Reference Table for the Movement Patterns of Simulated Sand Grains of Different Sizes

[0082] Hover Small fast Far jump middle medium speed middle Creep big low speed close

[0083] Specifically, under the same wind force (controlled variable), the differences in the movement patterns of simulated sand grains of different sizes were qualitatively investigated, and the conclusions were drawn: the smaller the grain size, the faster the speed, the higher the height, and the farther the movement distance, and the movement pattern is suspension; the grain size is in the middle, the speed is second, the height is second, the movement distance is in the middle, and the movement pattern is jump; the larger the grain size, the slower the speed, the lower the height, and the shorter the movement distance, and the movement pattern is creep.

[0084] When studying the characteristics of sand dune movement speed under different wind forces in the desert, a uniform movement distance of 0.2m was used. The simulated sand dune movement speed under different wind speeds is shown in Table 2.

[0085] Table 2. Reference table of simulated dune movement speed under different wind speeds.

[0086]

[0087] Specifically, the quantitative study explored the relationship between wind speed and the movement speed of sand dunes, concluding that the stronger the wind, the faster the sand dunes move and the farther they travel; the weaker the wind, the slower the sand dunes move and the shorter they travel.

[0088] When studying the characteristics of depositional landforms under reduced wind transport capacity of simulated sand grains of different sizes, the depositional sorting of simulated sand grains of different sizes is referenced in Table 3:

[0089] Table 3. Reference table for the packing and sorting properties of simulated sand grains of different sizes.

[0090] Hover Small high fast Far Far jump middle middle medium speed middle middle Creep big Low low speed close close

[0091] Specifically, under the same wind force (controlling variables), the differences in the migration distance of sand particles of different sizes and the sorting of depositional landforms were quantitatively investigated. The conclusions were: the smaller the particle size, the faster the speed, the higher the height, the farther the migration distance, and the farther the deposited particles are from the wind source; the medium particle size, the second fastest speed, the second fastest height, the medium migration distance, and the medium distance of the deposited particles from the wind source; the larger the particle size, the slower the speed, the lower the height, the shorter the migration distance, and the closer the deposited particles are to the wind source.

[0092] When studying the hazards of shifting sand dunes in deserts, the simulated dune movement under different wind speeds and surface conditions is shown in Table 4:

[0093] Table 4. Reference table for simulated dune movement under different wind speeds and surface conditions.

[0094] Low wind speed value 1.2m / s 0.2m 1m / s 0.02m medium wind speed value 1.5m / s 0.25m 1.2m / s 0.01m High-speed wind speed value 1.8m / s 0.3m 1.4m / s 0.005m

[0095] By increasing surface cover to increase surface friction, wind speed can be reduced, significantly decreasing the movement distance of simulated sand dunes and thus playing a role in preventing sandstorms.

[0096] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the utility model involved in this application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described utility model concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A demonstration experimental device for the formation of wind-blown sand landforms, characterized in that, The device includes a transparent experimental chamber with an open top. Inside the chamber are scene model components arranged from left to right, a simulated sand dune composed of several simulated sand grains, a prevention and control model component, and a smoke generator for producing smoke. A sand collection sieve for receiving the simulated sand grains is also provided on the left inner wall of the experimental chamber. An adjustable airflow generating component is provided on the right side of the experimental chamber, and the air outlet of the adjustable airflow generating component is connected to the interior of the experimental chamber. At least one sliding bracket that can slide in the left-right direction is provided on the top of the experimental chamber, and an anemometer is slidably mounted on the sliding bracket in the front-back or up-down direction. A time-distance measuring component is provided on the front side of the experimental chamber, and a marking component is provided below the time-distance measuring component.

2. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated sand particles are foam particles, and the simulated sand particles include a number of first sand particles, second sand particles, third sand particles, fourth sand particles and fifth sand particles with different colors. The particle size of the first sand particle is 9mm-10mm, the particle size of the second sand particle is 7mm-8mm, the particle size of the third sand particle is 5mm-6mm, the particle size of the fourth sand particle is 3mm-4mm, and the particle size of the fifth sand particle is 1mm-2mm.

3. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated sand dune has a central ridge, and the left and right sides of the ridge form a windward slope and a leeward slope, respectively, with the slope of the windward slope being less than that of the leeward slope.

4. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable airflow generating assembly includes at least two blowers, each blower being connected to a speed controller via a cable. The right side wall of the experimental chamber has an air inlet that connects to the air outlet of the blower, and the height of the air inlet is greater than the rightmost height of the simulated sand dune. The right side of the experimental chamber is provided with a mounting platform and a storage slot. The bottom of the blower is fixed on the mounting platform, and the speed controller is placed in the storage slot.

5. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top edges of the front and rear surfaces of the experimental chamber are provided with left and right guide rails, and the two ends of the sliding bracket are bent downward and rest on the guide rails.

6. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A horizontally moving frame is slidably mounted on the sliding bracket along the front-to-back direction. The top of the anemometer is inserted upward into the horizontally moving frame and is interference-fitted with the horizontally moving frame.

7. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vertical moving frame is fixed in the middle of the sliding bracket. The anemometer is slidably mounted in the vertical moving frame, and a locking mechanism for the position of the anemometer is provided on the outside of the vertical moving frame.

8. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time and distance measuring component includes a stopwatch and a distance scale extending from right to left. The distance scale is affixed to the surface of the experimental chamber. The marking component includes several small marking flags located below the distance scale. The small marking flags are attached to the surface of the experimental chamber by suction cups.

9. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand collection basket includes a basket support and a basket body. The basket support is fitted with the top edge of the experimental box, and the basket body is suspended on the basket support. The basket body has a sloping opening facing the simulated sand dune, and the height of the left side wall of the experimental box is greater than the height of the right side wall.

10. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scene model component includes a house model and a track model, and the prevention and control model component includes several tree models and grass grid models. The tree models and grass grid models are partially embedded in the simulated sand dunes, and the grass grid model is a bristle grid.

Images