A high-integration hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high integration's two -wheeled vehicle hydrogen fuel cell system, include: hydrogen fuel cell stack, hydrogen fuel cell stack includes end plate, hydrogen fuel cell electric control, hydrogen fuel cell electric control includes hydrogen fuel cell controller and hydrogen fuel cell DC converter, hydrogen gas path subassembly, hydrogen gas path subassembly includes hydrogen gas inlet solenoid valve and hydrogen gas exhaust solenoid valve, hydrogen fuel cell electric control and hydrogen gas path subassembly are directly or indirectly fixed and installed in the same side of end plate, and jointly constitute an integrated module, the utility model discloses a hydrogen fuel cell stack, hydrogen fuel cell DC converter, solenoid valve etc. Core components are highly integrated on the end plate of the electric pile, and form a simple interface, small and exquisite integrated module, thereby realize flexible arrangement, quick installation and convenient maintenance on two -wheeled vehicle, and powerfully promote the productization of hydrogen energy two -wheeled vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technology, and in particular to a highly integrated hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of lithium battery technology in electric two-wheelers, electric bicycles, and other fields, the rate of increase in its energy density has gradually slowed down. To reduce vehicle weight, the industry generally adopts lithium iron phosphate batteries or ternary lithium batteries, but range and performance degradation in low-temperature environments remain significant pain points. Therefore, energy supply methods are beginning to explore hydrogen energy. In existing technologies, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell systems used in two-wheelers typically employ solid-state metal hydrogen storage. These systems mainly consist of several independent components, including a hydrogen fuel cell stack, controller, DC / DC converter, pressure sensor, and solenoid valve.

[0003] In existing hydrogen fuel cell two-wheeled vehicle designs, the numerous system components and low integration result in a large overall size, making it difficult to arrange them reasonably within the limited space of a two-wheeled vehicle frame. The current mainstream solution is to design an additional mounting compartment for the hydrogen fuel cell system or use an external mounting method. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN212605654U adds a square mounting compartment under the pedals of a conventional electric bicycle to house the hydrogen fuel cell system, while utilizing the existing space of the lithium battery compartment to place a solid hydrogen storage tank instead of the lithium battery. Another Chinese utility model patent CN220974460U, by welding an additional mounting structure to the seat tube under the original seat cushion, places the hydrogen fuel cell system between the seat tube and the lower tube of the slant beam, and secures it with screws. Finally, a shell protects and encloses the installed hydrogen fuel cell system. While these existing technologies have enabled the installation of hydrogen fuel cell systems in vehicles, they have not fundamentally solved the problems of excessive system size and inflexible layout. Further analysis reveals the following major drawbacks of existing technologies: First, each component of a hydrogen fuel cell system (such as the stack, controller, solenoid valve, and sensors) has an independent physical interface and mounting structure, requiring dispersed placement and complex piping and cabling connections within the vehicle. This not only occupies significant space but also increases assembly complexity and cost. Second, this discrete layout results in an excessively large system volume within the vehicle, severely limiting its applicability to different vehicle models. Often, significant modifications to the vehicle frame structure or the use of external mounting solutions that disrupt the overall vehicle appearance are necessary. Finally, the lengthy hydrogen pipelines and numerous interfaces introduce more potential leakage points, posing a challenge to the system's long-term reliability and safety. Therefore, a highly integrated hydrogen fuel cell system is urgently needed, capable of significantly reducing its size and allowing for flexible and reliable integration into the existing space of two-wheeled vehicles, thereby promoting the true commercialization and widespread application of hydrogen-powered two-wheeled vehicles. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a highly integrated hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles. This invention integrates core components such as the hydrogen fuel cell stack, hydrogen fuel cell DC converter, and solenoid valves onto the stack endplate, forming a simple, compact, and integrated module. This enables flexible placement, rapid installation, and convenient maintenance on two-wheeled vehicles, significantly promoting the commercialization of hydrogen-powered two-wheeled vehicles.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives and effects, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: A highly integrated hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles, comprising: A hydrogen fuel cell stack, the hydrogen fuel cell stack including end plates; A hydrogen fuel cell electronic control system, comprising a hydrogen fuel cell controller and a hydrogen fuel cell DC converter; A hydrogen circuit assembly, comprising a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve and a hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve; The hydrogen fuel cell electronic control and hydrogen circuit components are directly or indirectly fixedly installed on the same side of the end plate, forming an integrated module.

[0006] Furthermore, the hydrogen path assembly includes a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve and a hydrogen outlet solenoid valve, which are directly connected to the hydrogen inlet and hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the hydrogen circuit assembly also includes a tee connector and a pressure sensor; the tee connector serves as a connection hub, with its three ports respectively connected to the hydrogen inlet solenoid valve, the pressure sensor, and the inlet pipeline, so that the hydrogen inlet solenoid valve, the pressure sensor, and the tee connector are arranged close together in space to form a partially integrated unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the hydrogen fuel cell DC converter is mounted on the end plate via support columns.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydrogen fuel cell controller is directly stacked and fixedly mounted on top of the hydrogen fuel cell DC converter.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure sensor is an onboard pressure sensor and is directly soldered onto the circuit board of the hydrogen fuel cell controller or the hydrogen fuel cell DC converter.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a housing for encapsulating the hydrogen fuel cell stack, the hydrogen fuel cell electronic control system, and the hydrogen circuit components. The housing includes a top plate, a back plate, and a fan mounting plate for fixing a cooling fan. An electrical output interface is provided on the top plate or the back plate. An external air inlet for connecting to an external hydrogen source and an external exhaust port for exhausting are provided on the side of the housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the electrical output interface is an onboard connector, with its pins directly soldered onto the circuit board of the hydrogen fuel cell controller.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention tightly integrates the hydrogen fuel cell stack, the hydrogen fuel cell DC converter, and the hydrogen circuit components including solenoid valves and pressure sensors onto the same side of the hydrogen fuel cell stack endplate, forming a compact, integrated module. This design significantly reduces the system's size and weight, optimizing space utilization. This allows the system to be flexibly integrated into the traditional battery compartment or seat post space of a two-wheeled vehicle frame without the need for an external attachment, thus significantly improving the overall consistency and aesthetics of the vehicle.

[0014] This invention fundamentally reduces the number of connection points and potential leakage points in the hydrogen circuit by directly connecting the hydrogen inlet and outlet solenoid valves to the hydrogen inlet and outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and by using a partially integrated gas circuit unit with a three-way connector as the hub. At the same time, the onboard pressure sensor and electrical output interface eliminate independent wiring terminals and redundant wiring harnesses, which not only simplifies the structure but also substantially reduces the risk of failure caused by vibration and aging, making the system operation safer and more stable.

[0015] Furthermore, the system's integrated modular design significantly improves the efficiency of production assembly and subsequent maintenance. For vehicle manufacturers, installation is completed simply by mechanically fixing the entire system module and connecting it to three interfaces: an external air intake port, an external exhaust port, and an electrical output port, greatly reducing assembly line time and complexity. During maintenance, modules can be quickly and completely replaced, greatly simplifying maintenance and repair processes and effectively reducing the total lifecycle cost.

[0016] In summary, this invention effectively solves the core bottleneck problems of spatial layout, safety and reliability, and commercialization convenience of hydrogen fuel cell systems in two-wheeled vehicle applications. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles according to this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen circuit component in the hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram, 1: hydrogen fuel cell stack; 101: hydrogen inlet; 102: hydrogen outlet; 2: end plate; 3: cooling fan; 4: hydrogen fuel cell DC converter; 5: support column; 6: hydrogen inlet solenoid valve; 7: hydrogen outlet solenoid valve; 8: pressure sensor; 9: tee connector; 10: inlet pipe; 11: hydrogen fuel cell controller; 12: outer casing; 1201: top plate; 1202: back plate; 1203: fan mounting plate; 1204: electrical output interface; 1205: external inlet; 1206: external outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 4 The illustrated preferred embodiment of a highly integrated hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles features a hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 at its core, composed of multiple stacked individual cells, with end plates 2 providing structural fastening and support at both ends. The end plates 2 are typically made of metal and possess sufficient structural strength. Cooling fans 3 are mounted on the sides of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 for air cooling. Specifically, in this embodiment, the airflow direction of the cooling fans 3 is approximately parallel to the plane of the end plates 2. This lateral airflow layout helps reduce the system's thickness in the direction perpendicular to the end plates 2, adapting to the narrow installation space of two-wheeled vehicles.

[0024] The hydrogen fuel cell system also includes a hydrogen fuel cell electronic control system, which comprises a hydrogen fuel cell controller 11 and a hydrogen fuel cell DC converter 4. The hydrogen fuel cell DC converter 4 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of an end plate 2 via support columns 5 (e.g., hexagonal copper columns). Simultaneously, the hydrogen path assembly is directly or indirectly fixed to the same side of the same end plate 2, allowing the hydrogen fuel cell DC converter 4 and the hydrogen path assembly to be arranged side-by-side, forming a compact integrated module with the end plate 2 serving as its main mounting base and load-bearing structure. Specifically, the hydrogen path assembly includes a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 6, a hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve 7, a pressure sensor 8, and a three-way connector 9. The hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 6 and the hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve 7 are directly connected to the hydrogen inlet 101 and hydrogen exhaust 102 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1, respectively, replacing the lengthy pipes and multiple connectors of traditional solutions. Furthermore, the three-way connector 9 serves as a connection hub, with its three interfaces connected to the hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 6, the pressure sensor 8, and the inlet pipe 10, respectively. This connection method allows the intake solenoid valve 6, pressure sensor 8, and three-way connector 9 to be arranged close together in space, forming a space-saving local integrated unit, which greatly reduces the space occupied by the gas path and potential hydrogen leakage points.

[0025] To further enhance integration, the hydrogen fuel cell controller 11 is directly stacked and fixed on top of the hydrogen fuel cell DC converter 4. The two are electrically interconnected and structurally form an integrated electronic control unit.

[0026] The pressure sensor 8 is preferably an onboard pressure sensor, whose pins are directly soldered to the circuit board of the hydrogen fuel cell controller 11 or the hydrogen fuel cell DC converter 4. In this embodiment, the pins of the pressure sensor 8 are soldered to the circuit board of the hydrogen fuel cell DC converter 4, eliminating the need for a separate mounting structure and signal cable.

[0027] Reference Figure 3 The entire integrated module (including the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1, hydrogen circuit components, and hydrogen fuel cell electronic control) is encapsulated in a housing 12. The housing 12 mainly includes a top plate 1201, a back plate 1202, and a fan mounting plate 1203. The top plate 1201 or back plate 1202 is provided with the system's electrical output interface 1204. The side of the housing 12 is provided with an external air inlet 1205 for connecting to an external hydrogen source and an external exhaust port 1206 for exhausting gas. The external air inlet 1205 is connected to the air intake pipe 10. The electrical output interface 1204 is preferably a board-mounted connector, with its pins directly soldered to the circuit board of the hydrogen fuel cell controller 11, thus achieving a simple and reliable external electrical connection. Ultimately, the entire system has only three external interfaces: the electrical output interface 1204, the external air inlet 1205, and the external exhaust port 1206, achieving extreme modularity and facilitating rapid installation and maintenance on two-wheeled vehicles.

[0028] The working principle of this invention is as follows: An external hydrogen source is connected through an external inlet 1205. After being controlled by an inlet solenoid valve 6, the hydrogen enters the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 through the hydrogen inlet 101, where it reacts to generate electricity. The residual gas after the reaction is discharged from the external exhaust port 1206 through the hydrogen exhaust port 102 and the exhaust solenoid valve 7. The generated electricity is converted and stabilized by the hydrogen fuel cell DC converter 4, then managed by the hydrogen fuel cell controller 11, and finally output through the electrical output interface 1204 to power the motor or auxiliary lithium battery of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0029] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention.

[0030] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A highly integrated hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles, characterized in that, include: A hydrogen fuel cell stack, the hydrogen fuel cell stack including end plates; A hydrogen fuel cell electronic control system, comprising a hydrogen fuel cell controller and a hydrogen fuel cell DC converter; A hydrogen circuit assembly, comprising a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve and a hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve; The hydrogen fuel cell electronic control and hydrogen circuit components are directly or indirectly fixedly installed on the same side of the end plate, forming an integrated module.

2. The highly integrated hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen path assembly includes a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve and a hydrogen outlet solenoid valve, which are directly connected to the hydrogen inlet and hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, respectively.

3. The highly integrated hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydrogen circuit assembly also includes a T-connector and a pressure sensor; the T-connector serves as a connection hub, with its three ports respectively connected to the hydrogen inlet solenoid valve, the pressure sensor, and the inlet pipeline, so that the hydrogen inlet solenoid valve, the pressure sensor, and the T-connector are arranged close together in space to form a partially integrated unit.

4. The highly integrated hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen fuel cell DC converter is mounted on the end plate via support columns.

5. The highly integrated hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen fuel cell controller is directly stacked and fixedly mounted on top of the hydrogen fuel cell DC converter.

6. The highly integrated hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure sensor is an onboard pressure sensor and is directly soldered onto the circuit board of the hydrogen fuel cell controller or the hydrogen fuel cell DC converter.

7. The highly integrated hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a housing for encapsulating the hydrogen fuel cell stack, hydrogen fuel cell electronic control and hydrogen circuit components. The housing includes a top plate, a back plate and a fan mounting plate for fixing a cooling fan. An electrical output interface is provided on the top plate or back plate. An external air inlet for connecting to an external hydrogen source and an external exhaust port for exhausting are provided on the side of the housing.

8. The highly integrated hydrogen fuel cell system for two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electrical output interface is an onboard connector, with its pins directly soldered onto the circuit board of the hydrogen fuel cell controller.

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