Liquid-cooled energy storage pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a liquid cooling energy storage bag relates to energy storage technical field, including casing, the cavity of forming on casing and the multiple electric core of accommodating in the cavity, still be equipped with liquid coolant in the cavity, and electric core at least partial immersion in liquid coolant, and the opposite two sides of casing are provided with first reinforcing piece and second reinforcing piece respectively, and first reinforcing piece includes the coolant inlet of intercommunication cavity, and second reinforcing piece includes the coolant outlet of intercommunication cavity, thereby make liquid coolant from coolant inlet to the flow of coolant outlet, and multiple electric core arranges along the flow direction of liquid coolant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage technology, specifically to a liquid-cooled energy storage pack. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the energy storage industry, the market demand for energy storage packs is increasing, and the demand for energy density of energy storage packs is also increasing. However, the increase in energy density means that the energy storage pack will generate more heat during charging and discharging. If the heat is not dissipated in time, it will affect the lifespan of the cells in the energy storage pack.

[0003] The energy storage pack contains multiple battery cells that can charge and discharge simultaneously, generating heat. This heat accumulates in the central area of ​​the pack. If the heat dissipation is inadequate, it can lead to a large temperature difference between the cells, making thermal runaway more likely and posing a risk of fire or even explosion to the entire energy storage system.

[0004] Some existing energy storage packs use liquid coolant to dissipate heat from the battery cells. Liquid coolant has good thermal conductivity and can effectively conduct heat through full contact with the battery cells, reducing the temperature difference between them. However, current energy storage packs use an internal circulation system for the liquid coolant. As the energy storage pack charges and discharges, the temperature of the liquid coolant gradually rises. While this can prevent significant temperature differences between the battery cells, its heat dissipation performance gradually decreases. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention aims to address one of the technical problems in related technologies to a certain extent. To this end, this invention provides a liquid-cooled energy storage pack with good heat dissipation performance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A liquid-cooled energy storage pack includes a shell, a cavity formed on the shell, and a plurality of battery cells housed in the cavity. The cavity is also provided with liquid refrigerant, and the battery cells are at least partially immersed in the liquid refrigerant. A first reinforcing member and a second reinforcing member are respectively provided on opposite sides of the shell. The first reinforcing member includes a refrigerant inlet communicating with the cavity, and the second reinforcing member includes a refrigerant outlet communicating with the cavity, thereby allowing the liquid refrigerant to flow from the refrigerant inlet to the refrigerant outlet. The plurality of battery cells are arranged along the flow direction of the liquid refrigerant.

[0007] This utility model discloses a liquid-cooled energy storage pack, including a shell and multiple battery cells placed in a cavity. During the charging and discharging process, the multiple battery cells generate a high amount of heat. In order to avoid the shortened service life of the battery cells and the risk of thermal runaway leading to fire or even explosion due to large temperature differences between the multiple battery cells, a liquid refrigerant is placed in the cavity to dissipate heat and cool the battery cells. At least a part of the battery cell is immersed in the liquid refrigerant. Because the liquid refrigerant is in liquid form, it can fully contact the battery cell to absorb heat from various parts of the battery cell, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the battery cell.

[0008] Low-temperature liquid refrigerant enters the cavity through the refrigerant inlet. After heat exchange with the battery cells, the high-temperature liquid refrigerant exits the cavity through the refrigerant outlet. This continuous cooling of the battery cells with low-temperature liquid refrigerant, coupled with a significant temperature difference between the low-temperature liquid refrigerant and the battery cells, results in high heat exchange efficiency. Because the liquid refrigerant continuously enters and exits the cavity, it flows continuously, ensuring effective heat dissipation for all battery cells and preventing excessive temperature differences between them. The liquid refrigerant follows a specific flow direction within the cavity, and the arrangement of multiple battery cells along this flow direction reduces their impact on the refrigerant flow, allowing for continuous replacement of the liquid refrigerant in contact with the cells and maintaining stable cell temperatures.

[0009] The casing is equipped with a first reinforcing member and a second reinforcing member, which can enhance the strength of the casing and prevent it from being easily broken or deformed by external forces, thus affecting the heat dissipation of the battery cell. In addition to serving as structural reinforcement, the first and second reinforcing members also serve as the flow medium for liquid refrigerant. They can protect the liquid refrigerant in its flow path and also play a certain concealment role to simplify the appearance of the energy storage pack (hiding or omitting the liquid refrigerant pipes on the casing).

[0010] Optionally, the first reinforcing member includes a first reinforcing rib and a first conduit, and the second reinforcing member includes a second reinforcing rib and a second conduit. Both the first and second reinforcing ribs are hollow conduits. The refrigerant inlet is located on the first reinforcing rib, and the refrigerant outlet is located on the second reinforcing rib. The first conduit communicates with the first reinforcing rib to inject liquid refrigerant into the first reinforcing rib, and the second conduit communicates with the second reinforcing rib to discharge liquid refrigerant from the second reinforcing rib. Both the first and second reinforcing ribs are conduits capable of carrying liquid refrigerant. Low-temperature liquid refrigerant is injected into the first reinforcing rib through the first conduit and then enters the cavity through the refrigerant inlet on the first reinforcing rib. High-temperature liquid refrigerant enters the second reinforcing rib from the cavity through the refrigerant outlet and then exits through the second conduit. The first and second reinforcing ribs can be formed onto the shell during the manufacturing process, which can save on the piping layout process when deploying the energy storage pack.

[0011] Optionally, the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are sealed to the shell. The first reinforcing rib is open to one side of the shell to form the refrigerant inlet, and the second reinforcing rib is open to one side of the shell to form the refrigerant outlet. A first through hole is provided on the inner wall of the cavity corresponding to the refrigerant inlet to connect the cavity to the first pipe, and a second through hole is provided on the inner wall of the cavity corresponding to the refrigerant outlet to connect the cavity to the second pipe. Alternatively, the inner wall of the cavity is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, the first reinforcing rib includes a liquid injection pipe extending into the cavity from the first through hole, the refrigerant inlet is provided on the liquid injection pipe, the second reinforcing rib includes a liquid drain pipe extending into the cavity from the second through hole, and the refrigerant outlet is provided on the liquid drain pipe.

[0012] Optionally, the first reinforcing member includes a first reinforcing rib and a first pipe disposed on the first reinforcing rib, and the second reinforcing member includes a second reinforcing rib and a second pipe disposed on the second reinforcing rib. The refrigerant inlet is disposed on the first pipe, and the refrigerant inlet is disposed on the second pipe. Both the first pipe and the second pipe are pipes capable of carrying liquid refrigerant. Low-temperature liquid refrigerant is guided to flow through the first pipe and enters the cavity through the refrigerant inlet on the first pipe. High-temperature liquid refrigerant enters the cavity from the refrigerant outlet into the second pipe, and then flows out of the second reinforcing member through the guidance of the second pipe. The first reinforcing rib can hide and protect the first pipe, and the second reinforcing rib can hide and protect the second pipe.

[0013] Optionally, the inner wall of the cavity is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, the refrigerant inlet is sealed with the first through hole to connect the cavity to the first pipe, and the refrigerant outlet is sealed with the second through hole to connect the cavity to the second pipe. Alternatively, the inner wall of the cavity is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, the first pipe extends into the cavity through the first through hole and is sealed to the first through hole, and the second pipe extends into the cavity through the second through hole and is sealed to the second through hole.

[0014] Optionally, the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are disposed on the outer side wall of the housing, and the inner wall of the cavity is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, the first through hole communicating with the first reinforcing member and the second through hole communicating with the second reinforcing member; Alternatively, the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are disposed on the inner wall of the cavity, and the inner wall of the cavity is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole. The first pipe extends into the cavity through the first through hole and connects to the first reinforcing rib, and the second pipe extends into the cavity through the second through hole and connects to the second reinforcing rib.

[0015] Optionally, the battery cell includes a top interface layer, an intermediate energy layer, and a bottom support layer. The refrigerant inlet is located no higher than the lower end of the intermediate energy layer, and the refrigerant outlet is located no lower than the upper end of the intermediate energy layer. The heat generated by the battery cell is mainly concentrated in the intermediate energy layer. Low-temperature liquid refrigerant is injected into the cavity from near the bottom and continuously diffuses upwards and towards the refrigerant outlet. This allows the low-temperature liquid refrigerant to fully contact the intermediate energy layer for sufficient heat exchange, avoiding significant temperature differences within the battery cell itself. The location of the refrigerant outlet ensures that the liquid refrigerant in the cavity can at least completely immerse the intermediate energy layer, ensuring effective heat dissipation and preventing large temperature differences caused by the intermediate energy layer being partially exposed to the liquid refrigerant and thus not receiving effective heat dissipation.

[0016] Optionally, multiple sets of battery cells are arranged in the cavity along the length of the first reinforcing member / second reinforcing member. Each set of battery cells includes multiple cells arranged along the flow direction of the liquid refrigerant. Multiple first through holes connecting to the refrigerant inlet and multiple second through holes connecting to the refrigerant outlet are correspondingly provided on the inner wall of the cavity. The multiple first through holes are spaced apart along the length of the first reinforcing member, and the multiple second through holes are spaced apart along the length of the second reinforcing member. Setting multiple sets of battery cells can increase the energy density of the energy storage pack. Correspondingly, multiple first through holes are also provided to provide low-temperature liquid refrigerant at different parts of the cavity while simultaneously dissipating heat from the multiple sets of battery cells. The spaced arrangement of the multiple sets of battery cells along the length of the first reinforcing member weakens the impact of the multiple sets of battery cells on the flow of the liquid refrigerant. The spacing between adjacent sets of battery cells allows the liquid refrigerant to flow through, ensuring that each battery cell can fully contact the liquid refrigerant and receive sufficient heat dissipation. Thus, under the effect of a significant increase in the energy density of the energy storage pack, the internal temperature can be maintained stably. Thanks to the first and second reinforcing members, even though the casing has a large size due to the presence of multiple battery cells, it can still maintain good structural strength.

[0017] Optionally, along the flow direction of the liquid refrigerant on the first reinforcing member, the size of the plurality of first through holes increases sequentially to make the flow rate of the plurality of first through holes consistent. In the liquid refrigerant flow path, the liquid pressure at the upstream first through hole is higher, resulting in a higher flow rate. Therefore, when the size of the plurality of first through holes is the same, the flow rate of the low-temperature liquid refrigerant in different parts of the cavity is different, ultimately leading to a temperature difference between the battery cells. By adjusting the size of the plurality of first through holes, the flow rate difference caused by the pressure difference of the first through holes in different parts can be balanced, making the flow rate of the low-temperature liquid refrigerant provided to each part of the cavity similar or the same, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the battery cells.

[0018] Optionally, the first reinforcing member includes a first reinforcing rib and a third reinforcing rib, and the second reinforcing member includes a second reinforcing rib and a fourth reinforcing rib. At least two first reinforcing ribs are spaced apart along the height direction of the shell. The third reinforcing rib is arranged along the height direction of the shell and connected to adjacent first reinforcing ribs. At least two second reinforcing ribs are spaced apart along the height direction of the shell, and the fourth reinforcing rib is arranged along the height direction of the shell and connected to adjacent second reinforcing ribs. The first and third reinforcing ribs are arranged in different directions, both of which can strengthen the shell's strength. The third reinforcing rib, through its connection with the first reinforcing rib, can further enhance the strength strengthening capability of the first reinforcing member. Similarly, the strength strengthening capability of the second reinforcing member can also be improved.

[0019] These features and advantages of this utility model will be disclosed in detail in the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiments or means of this utility model will be shown in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but are not intended to limit the technical solutions of this utility model. In addition, each of these features, elements and components appearing in the following text and drawings is multiple and is labeled with different symbols or numbers for convenience, but all represent parts with the same or similar structure or function. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage pack in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the energy storage pack in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell from another perspective in this utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of another energy storage pack in this utility model.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of another energy storage pack in this utility model.

[0026] Figure label: Housing 100, cavity 110, first through hole 120, second through hole 130; Battery cell 200, top interface layer 210, middle energy layer 220, bottom support layer 230; Refrigerant inlet 300, first reinforcing member 310, first reinforcing rib 311, first pipe 312, liquid injection pipe 313, third reinforcing rib 320; Refrigerant outlet 400, second reinforcing member 410, second reinforcing rib 411, second pipe 412, drain pipe 413, fourth reinforcing rib 420. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described are intended to explain this utility model and should not be construed as limiting it.

[0028] The terms "an embodiment," "example," or "trademark" used in this specification refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment itself that may be included in at least one embodiment disclosed in this utility model. The phrase "in an embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this utility model discloses a liquid-cooled energy storage pack, including a shell 100, a cavity 110 formed on the shell 100, and multiple battery cells 200 housed in the cavity 110. Setting multiple battery cells 200 on the energy storage pack can increase the total voltage and total capacity, giving the energy storage pack a higher energy density. However, during charging and discharging, multiple battery cells 200 will charge and discharge simultaneously, generating a large amount of heat. The heat between adjacent battery cells 200 will continuously accumulate and be difficult to dissipate, ultimately causing the temperature of the energy storage pack to continuously rise and the temperature between the battery cells 200 to gradually increase.

[0030] To efficiently dissipate heat from the battery cells 200 and maintain the temperature difference between them within a small range (at least less than 3°C) during the cooling process, a liquid refrigerant (such as perfluoropolyether, hydrofluoroether, mineral oil, etc.) is placed inside the cavity 110. The liquid refrigerant flows within the cavity 110, and at least a portion of the battery cells 200 is immersed in it. The liquid refrigerant can contact the battery cells 200 to dissipate heat. The liquid refrigerant has high thermal conductivity, allowing for efficient heat exchange with the battery cells 200, thus rapidly cooling the energy storage pack. Furthermore, the liquid refrigerant possesses good insulating properties, therefore it does not affect the charging and discharging process of the battery cells 200. Because the liquid refrigerant continuously flows within the cavity 110, it rapidly cools the battery cells 200 while preventing large temperature differences between multiple cells 200, thus avoiding thermal runaway that could lead to fire or even explosion, and extending the service life of the battery cells 200.

[0031] Unlike existing technologies, the energy storage pack includes a refrigerant inlet 300 and a refrigerant outlet 400, both connected to the cavity 110. Low-temperature liquid refrigerant from the outside enters the cavity 110 through the refrigerant inlet 300. High-temperature liquid refrigerant, after heat exchange with the battery cells 200 within the cavity 110, exits the cavity 110 through the refrigerant outlet 400. A pump is also installed on the energy storage pack to drive the flow of liquid refrigerant, continuously cooling the battery cells 200 with low-temperature liquid refrigerant. Due to the significant temperature difference between the low-temperature liquid refrigerant and the battery cells 200, high heat exchange efficiency is achieved. The high-temperature liquid refrigerant discharged to the outside is cooled to a low-temperature liquid refrigerant using cooling technologies (such as semiconductor heat exchange, air cooling, etc.) and then pumped back into the cavity 110. Because the liquid refrigerant continuously enters and exits the cavity 110, it flows continuously within the cavity 110, ensuring effective heat dissipation for all the battery cells 200 and preventing excessive temperature differences between them. The liquid refrigerant has a specific flow direction within the cavity 110, and the arrangement of multiple battery cells 200 along this flow direction weakens their influence on the refrigerant flow, allowing the liquid refrigerant in contact with the battery cells 200 to be continuously replaced, thus maintaining a stable temperature for the battery cells 200.

[0032] A first reinforcing member 310 and a second reinforcing member 410 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the housing 100, which can strengthen the strength of the housing 100 and prevent the housing 100 from being easily broken or deformed by external forces, thus affecting the heat dissipation of the battery cell 200. Among them, the first reinforcing member 310 includes a refrigerant inlet 300, and the second reinforcing member 410 includes a refrigerant outlet 400. In addition to serving as structural reinforcing members, the first reinforcing member 310 and the second reinforcing member 410 can also serve as a flow medium for liquid refrigerant. They can protect the liquid refrigerant in the flow path and also play a certain concealment role to simplify the appearance of the energy storage pack (hiding or omitting the liquid refrigerant pipes on the housing 100).

[0033] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment of this utility model, the first reinforcing member 310 includes a first reinforcing rib 311 and a first pipe 312, and the second reinforcing member 410 includes a second reinforcing rib 411 and a second pipe 412. Both the first reinforcing rib 311 and the second reinforcing rib 411 are hollow pipes. The refrigerant inlet 300 is disposed on the first reinforcing rib 311, and the refrigerant outlet 400 is disposed on the second reinforcing rib 411. The first pipe 312 is connected to the first reinforcing rib 311 to inject liquid refrigerant into the first reinforcing rib 311, and the second pipe 412 is connected to the second reinforcing rib 411 to discharge the liquid refrigerant from the second reinforcing rib 411.

[0034] Both the first reinforcing rib 311 and the second reinforcing rib 411 are pipes capable of carrying liquid refrigerant. Low-temperature liquid refrigerant is injected into the first reinforcing rib 311 through the first pipe 312, and then enters the cavity 110 through the refrigerant inlet 300 on the first reinforcing rib 311. High-temperature liquid refrigerant enters the second reinforcing rib 411 from the cavity 110 through the refrigerant outlet 400, and then exits through the second pipe 412. The first reinforcing rib 311 and the second reinforcing rib 411 can be formed on the shell 100 during the manufacturing process, which can save on the piping layout process when deploying the energy storage pack.

[0035] Specifically, this embodiment discloses two specific implementation schemes: Option 1: As Figure 2 As shown, the first reinforcing rib 311 and the second reinforcing rib 411 are sealed to the housing 100. The first reinforcing rib 311 is open on the side facing the housing 100 to form a refrigerant inlet 300, and the second reinforcing rib 411 is open on the side facing the housing 100 to form a refrigerant outlet 400. The inner wall of the cavity 110 is provided with a first through hole 120 corresponding to the refrigerant inlet 300 to connect the cavity 110 to the first pipe 312. The inner wall of the cavity 110 is provided with a second through hole 130 corresponding to the refrigerant outlet 400 to connect the cavity 110 to the second pipe 412. After the liquid refrigerant is injected into the first reinforcing rib 311 by the first pipe 312, it can directly contact the outer wall of the housing 100 and then enter the cavity 110 through the first through hole 120 on the housing 100. The sealing connection between the first reinforcing rib 311 and the second reinforcing rib 411 and the housing 100 is as follows, taking the first reinforcing member 310 as an example: the side of the first reinforcing rib 311 can be fixed to the outer side of the housing 100 by welding, and the weld seam surrounds the circumference of the first reinforcing rib 311 to achieve sealing.

[0036] Option 2: Figure 5 As shown, the first reinforcing rib 311 has a through hole on the side facing the housing 100, which serves as a refrigerant inlet 300. The second reinforcing rib 411 also has a through hole on the side facing the housing 100, which serves as a refrigerant outlet 400. The first through hole 120 corresponds to the refrigerant inlet 300, and the second through hole 130 corresponds to the refrigerant outlet 400. Taking the first reinforcing member 310 as an example: the first reinforcing rib 311 around the refrigerant inlet 300 is welded to the housing 100 around the first through hole 120; or a sealing ring is provided between the first reinforcing rib 311 around the refrigerant inlet 300 and the housing 100 around the first through hole 120, etc.

[0037] Option 3: As Figure 6As shown, the inner wall of the cavity 110 is provided with a first through hole 120 and a second through hole 130. The first reinforcing rib 311 includes a liquid injection pipe 313 extending into the cavity 110 through the first through hole 120, and a refrigerant inlet 300 is provided on the liquid injection pipe 313. The second reinforcing rib 411 includes a drain pipe 413 extending into the cavity 110 through the second through hole 130, and a refrigerant outlet 400 is provided on the drain pipe 413. The sealing connection between the first reinforcing rib 311 and the second reinforcing rib 411 and the shell 100 is as follows, taking the first reinforcing member 310 as an example: a sealing ring is provided between the outer periphery of the liquid injection pipe 313 and the inner wall of the first through hole 120; or, the outer periphery of the liquid injection pipe 313 is welded to the inner wall of the first through hole 120; or, the outer periphery of the liquid injection pipe 313 is press-fitted to the inner wall of the first through hole 120.

[0038] Option 1 is the simplest and is the preferred option.

[0039] Compared to Option 3, using Option 1 and Option 2 will not affect the space inside cavity 110, thus avoiding any restrictions on the battery cell 200.

[0040] Compared to Scheme 1 and Scheme 2, Scheme 3 allows for the pre-positioning of the first reinforcing member 310 and the second reinforcing member 410 by connecting the injection pipe 313 to the first through hole 120 and the drainage pipe 413 to the second through hole 130, which facilitates the installation of the first reinforcing member 310 and the second reinforcing member 410.

[0041] Unlike the above embodiments, in another embodiment of this utility model, the first reinforcing member includes a first reinforcing rib and a first pipe disposed on the first reinforcing rib, the second reinforcing member includes a second reinforcing rib and a second pipe disposed on the second reinforcing rib, the refrigerant inlet is disposed on the first pipe, and the refrigerant outlet is disposed on the second pipe.

[0042] Both the first and second pipes are capable of carrying liquid refrigerant. Low-temperature liquid refrigerant flows through the first pipe and enters the cavity through its inlet. High-temperature liquid refrigerant flows from the cavity through the outlet into the second pipe, and then flows outwards through the second pipe towards the second reinforcing member. The first and second reinforcing ribs conceal and protect the first and second pipes, respectively.

[0043] This embodiment discloses two specific implementation schemes: Option 1: The inner wall of the cavity is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole. The refrigerant inlet is sealed with the first through hole to connect the cavity to the first pipe, and the refrigerant outlet is sealed with the second through hole to connect the cavity to the second pipe.

[0044] Option 2: The inner wall of the cavity is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole. The first pipe extends into the cavity through the first through hole and is sealed to the first through hole. The second pipe extends into the cavity through the second through hole and is sealed to the second through hole.

[0045] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment of this utility model, the first reinforcing rib 311 and the second reinforcing rib 411 are disposed on the outer side wall of the housing 100. Thus, the first reinforcing rib 311 and the second reinforcing rib 411 do not reduce the installation space of the battery cell 200.

[0046] Unlike the above embodiments, in another embodiment of this utility model, the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are disposed on the inner wall of the cavity, and the inner wall of the cavity is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole. The first pipe extends into the cavity through the first through hole and connects to the first reinforcing rib, and the second pipe extends into the cavity through the second through hole and connects to the second reinforcing rib.

[0047] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first reinforcing member 310 further includes a third reinforcing rib 320, and the second reinforcing member 410 further includes a fourth reinforcing rib 420. At least two first reinforcing ribs 311 are spaced apart along the height direction of the housing 100. The third reinforcing rib 320 is arranged along the height direction of the housing 100 and connected between two adjacent first reinforcing ribs 311. At least two second reinforcing ribs 411 are spaced apart along the height direction of the housing 100. The fourth reinforcing rib 420 is arranged along the height direction of the housing 100 and connected between two adjacent second reinforcing ribs 411.

[0048] The first reinforcing rib 311 and the third reinforcing rib 320 are arranged in different directions, both of which can enhance the strength of the shell 100. The third reinforcing rib 320, through its connection with the first reinforcing rib 311, can further enhance the strength enhancement capability of the first reinforcing member 310 for the shell 100.

[0049] Similarly, the second reinforcing member 410 can also enhance the strength of the shell 100.

[0050] Refrigerant inlets 300 can be provided on multiple first reinforcing ribs 311, which can simultaneously provide low-temperature liquid refrigerant at different height positions in the cavity 110, while only one of the multiple second reinforcing ribs 411 is provided with a refrigerant outlet 400.

[0051] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment of this utility model, the battery cell 200 includes a top interface layer 210, an intermediate energy layer 220, and a bottom support layer 230. The heat generated by the battery cell 200 is mainly concentrated in the intermediate energy layer 220. The position of the refrigerant inlet 300 is not higher than the lower end of the intermediate energy layer 220, and the position of the refrigerant outlet 400 is not lower than the upper end of the intermediate energy layer 220. Low-temperature liquid refrigerant is injected into the cavity 110 from a position near the bottom of the cavity 110 and can continuously diffuse upwards and towards the refrigerant outlet 400 (e.g., Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The middle arrow indicates the flow direction of the liquid refrigerant, thus enabling the low-temperature liquid refrigerant to make full contact with the intermediate energy layer 220 for sufficient heat exchange and avoiding significant temperature differences within the battery cell 200 itself.

[0052] The location of the refrigerant outlet 400 ensures that the liquid refrigerant in the cavity 110 can completely immerse the intermediate energy layer 220, thus ensuring heat dissipation and preventing the intermediate energy layer 220 from being partially exposed to the liquid refrigerant and thus failing to dissipate heat effectively, resulting in a large temperature difference.

[0053] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment of this utility model, a plurality of battery cells 200 are provided in the cavity 110. The plurality of battery cells 200 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first reinforcing member 310 / the second reinforcing member 410. Each battery cell 200 includes a plurality of battery cells 200 arranged along the flow direction of the liquid refrigerant. The first reinforcing member 310 includes a plurality of refrigerant inlets 300, which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first reinforcing member 310. The second reinforcing member 410 includes a plurality of refrigerant outlets 400, which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the second reinforcing member 410.

[0054] Setting up multiple sets of battery cells 200 can increase the energy density of the energy storage pack. Correspondingly, multiple refrigerant inlets 300 are also provided to provide low-temperature liquid refrigerant at different parts of the cavity 110 while simultaneously dissipating heat from the multiple sets of battery cells 200. The multiple sets of battery cells 200 are spaced apart along the length of the first reinforcing member 310, which can reduce the impact of the multiple sets of battery cells 200 on the flow of liquid refrigerant. The spacing between two adjacent sets of battery cells 200 allows liquid refrigerant to flow through, so that each battery cell 200 can fully contact the liquid refrigerant and achieve sufficient heat dissipation. In this way, under the effect of a significant increase in the energy density of the energy storage pack, the internal temperature can be kept stable. Furthermore, under the action of the first reinforcing rib 311, the second reinforcing rib 411, the third reinforcing rib 320, and the fourth reinforcing rib 420, even though the shell 100 has a large size due to the multiple sets of battery cells 200, the shell 100 can still maintain good structural strength.

[0055] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment of this utility model, since multiple sets of battery cells 200 are provided, multiple first through holes 120 are also provided. In the flow path of liquid refrigerant in the pipeline, the liquid pressure of liquid refrigerant is greater at the upstream position. Therefore, the first through hole 120 closer to the upstream position has a higher flow rate. If the multiple first through holes 120 have the same size, the flow rate of low temperature liquid refrigerant in different parts of the cavity 110 is different, which will eventually lead to a temperature difference between the multiple sets of battery cells 200.

[0056] In this embodiment, the size of the plurality of first through holes 120 increases sequentially along the flow direction of the liquid refrigerant on the first reinforcing member 310. By adjusting the size of the plurality of first through holes 120, the flow difference caused by the pressure difference of the first through holes 120 in different parts can be balanced, so that the flow rate of the low-temperature liquid refrigerant provided in each part of the cavity 110 is similar or the same, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the multiple sets of cells 200.

[0057] In one of the above embodiments, it is disclosed that the refrigerant inlet 300 is a through hole in the first reinforcing rib 311. In this embodiment, the size of the refrigerant inlet 300 affects the flow rate of the cryogenic liquid refrigerant, and the size of the multiple refrigerant inlets 300 gradually increases from upstream to downstream along the flow path of the liquid refrigerant.

[0058] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment of this utility model, the side walls and bottom walls of the housing 100 are connected by welding to ensure the sealing of the cavity 110 and prevent leakage of liquid refrigerant. Alternatively, the housing 100 can also be die-cast in an integral molding process.

[0059] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model includes, but is not limited to, the contents described in the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments above. Any modifications that do not depart from the functional and structural principles of this utility model will be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A liquid-cooled energy storage pack, comprising a housing (100), a cavity (110) formed on the housing (100), and a plurality of battery cells (200) housed in the cavity (110), wherein the cavity (110) is further provided with a liquid refrigerant, and the battery cells (200) are at least partially immersed in the liquid refrigerant, characterized in that, The housing (100) is provided with a first reinforcing member (310) and a second reinforcing member (410) on opposite sides. The first reinforcing member (310) includes a refrigerant inlet (300) communicating with the cavity (110), and the second reinforcing member (410) includes a refrigerant outlet (400) communicating with the cavity (110), so that liquid refrigerant flows from the refrigerant inlet (300) to the refrigerant outlet (400), and the plurality of battery cells (200) are arranged along the flow direction of the liquid refrigerant.

2. The liquid-cooled energy storage pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first reinforcing member (310) includes a first reinforcing rib (311) and a first pipe (312), and the second reinforcing member (410) includes a second reinforcing rib (411) and a second pipe (412). The first reinforcing rib (311) and the second reinforcing rib (411) are both hollow pipes. The refrigerant inlet (300) is disposed on the first reinforcing rib (311), and the refrigerant outlet (400) is disposed on the second reinforcing rib (411). The first pipe (312) is connected to the first reinforcing rib (311) to inject liquid refrigerant into the first reinforcing rib (311), and the second pipe (412) is connected to the second reinforcing rib (411) to discharge liquid refrigerant from the second reinforcing rib (411).

3. The liquid-cooled energy storage pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first reinforcing rib (311) and the second reinforcing rib (411) are sealed to the housing (100). The first reinforcing rib (311) is open to the side of the housing (100) to form the refrigerant inlet (300), and the second reinforcing rib (411) is open to the side of the housing (100) to form the refrigerant outlet (400). The inner wall of the cavity (110) is provided with a first through hole (120) corresponding to the refrigerant inlet (300) to connect the cavity (110) with the first pipe (312). The inner wall of the cavity (110) is provided with a second through hole (130) corresponding to the refrigerant outlet (400) to connect the cavity (110) with the second pipe (412). Alternatively, the inner wall of the cavity (110) is provided with a first through hole (120) and a second through hole (130), the first reinforcing rib (311) includes a liquid injection pipe (313) extending into the cavity (110) from the first through hole (120), the refrigerant inlet (300) is provided on the liquid injection pipe (313), the second reinforcing rib (411) includes a liquid drain pipe (413) extending into the cavity (110) from the second through hole (130), and the refrigerant outlet (400) is provided on the liquid drain pipe (413).

4. The liquid-cooled energy storage pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first reinforcing member (310) includes a first reinforcing rib (311) and a first pipe (312) disposed on the first reinforcing rib (311). The second reinforcing member (410) includes a second reinforcing rib (411) and a second pipe (412) disposed on the second reinforcing rib (411). The refrigerant inlet (300) is disposed on the first pipe (312), and the refrigerant outlet (400) is disposed on the second pipe (412).

5. The liquid-cooled energy storage pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the cavity (110) is provided with a first through hole (120) and a second through hole (130). The refrigerant inlet (300) is sealed with the first through hole (120) to connect the cavity (110) to the first pipe (312). The refrigerant outlet (400) is sealed with the second through hole (130) to connect the cavity (110) to the second pipe (412). Alternatively, the inner wall of the cavity (110) is provided with a first through hole (120) and a second through hole (130), the first pipe (312) extends into the cavity (110) through the first through hole (120), the first pipe (312) is sealed to the first through hole (120), and the second pipe (412) extends into the cavity (110) through the second through hole (130), the second pipe (412) is sealed to the second through hole (130).

6. The liquid-cooled energy storage pack according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that, The first reinforcing rib (311) and the second reinforcing rib (411) are disposed on the outer side wall of the housing (100), and the inner wall of the cavity (110) is provided with a first through hole (120) and a second through hole (130). The first through hole (120) communicates with the first reinforcing member (310), and the second through hole (130) communicates with the second reinforcing member (410). Alternatively, the first reinforcing rib (311) and the second reinforcing rib (411) are disposed on the inner wall of the cavity (110), and the inner wall of the cavity (110) is provided with a first through hole (120) and a second through hole (130). The first pipe (312) extends into the cavity (110) from the first through hole (120) and connects to the first reinforcing rib (311), and the second pipe (412) extends into the cavity (110) from the second through hole (130) and connects to the second reinforcing rib (411).

7. The liquid-cooled energy storage pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The battery cell (200) includes a top interface layer (210), an intermediate energy layer (220) and a bottom support layer (230). The position of the refrigerant inlet (300) is not higher than the lower end of the intermediate energy layer (220), and the position of the refrigerant outlet (400) is not lower than the upper end of the intermediate energy layer (220).

8. The liquid-cooled energy storage pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Multiple sets of battery cells (200) are arranged in the cavity (110) along the length direction of the first reinforcing member (310) / the second reinforcing member (410). Each set of battery cells (200) includes multiple battery cells (200) arranged along the flow direction of the liquid refrigerant. Multiple first through holes (120) connecting the refrigerant inlet (300) and multiple second through holes (130) connecting the refrigerant outlet (400) are correspondingly provided on the inner wall of the cavity (110). The multiple first through holes (120) are spaced apart along the length direction of the first reinforcing member (310), and the multiple second through holes (130) are spaced apart along the length direction of the second reinforcing member (410).

9. The liquid-cooled energy storage pack according to claim 8, characterized in that, Along the flow direction of the liquid refrigerant on the first reinforcing member (310), the size of the plurality of first through holes (120) increases sequentially so that the flow rate of the plurality of first through holes (120) is consistent.

10. The liquid-cooled energy storage pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first reinforcing member (310) includes a first reinforcing rib (311) and a third reinforcing rib (320), and the second reinforcing member (410) includes a second reinforcing rib (411) and a fourth reinforcing rib (420). At least two first reinforcing ribs (311) are spaced apart along the height direction of the housing (100). The third reinforcing rib (320) is arranged along the height direction of the housing (100) and connected between two adjacent first reinforcing ribs (311). At least two second reinforcing ribs (411) are spaced apart along the height direction of the housing (100). The fourth reinforcing rib (420) is arranged along the height direction of the housing (100) and connected between two adjacent second reinforcing ribs (411).

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