Antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The application relates to an antenna and an electronic device, the antenna comprising a substrate, and a feeding unit, a first radiation area and a second radiation area arranged on one surface of the substrate, edges of a copper clad grid in the first radiation area and edges of a copper clad grid in the second radiation area forming a first clearance opening and a second clearance opening, the first clearance opening and the second clearance opening being respectively located on opposite sides of the feeding unit along a second direction perpendicular to a first direction, the first clearance opening or the second clearance opening being used for arranging a radio frequency cable coupled with the feeding unit, avoiding interference between the radio frequency cable and the copper clad grid of the antenna radiation area after the radio frequency cable swings, and enabling the radio frequency cable to be orthogonal to a vibrator arm in a wire-out direction, so that the influence of the radio frequency cable in actual application is minimized, and the current superposition of the radio frequency cable and the vibrator arm is improved, thereby affecting a far-field antenna radiation pattern.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of antenna technology, and in particular relates to an antenna and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of mobile communication technology, more and more electronic products are choosing built-in antenna solutions, which places higher demands on antenna performance. Currently, most built-in antennas adopt the form of dipole antennas with omnidirectional radiation characteristics to achieve better signal coverage. However, in practical applications, the electrical and radiation performance of the antenna is easily affected by the radio frequency cable (RFCable). This is because the surface current on the RFCable has a parallel component that is parallel to the current of the dipole arm. The far-field antenna radiation pattern is affected by the superposition of this parallel component and the dipole arm current. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide an antenna and electronic device that aims to solve the problem of insufficient isolation in traditional multi-band antenna systems.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an antenna, including a substrate, and a feed unit, a first radiating region, and a second radiating region, all disposed on a surface of the substrate. The first radiating region and the second radiating region are respectively located on opposite sides of the feed unit along a first direction. Both the first radiating region and the second radiating region include an array of multiple grids arranged in an array. The multiple grids are used to form copper-clad grids to configure current distribution. The edges of the copper-clad grids in the first radiating region and the edges of the copper-clad grids in the second radiating region form a first clearance opening and a second clearance opening. The first clearance opening and the second clearance opening are respectively located on opposite sides of the feed unit along a second direction, and both the first clearance opening and the second clearance opening are gradually extended in a direction away from the feed unit along the second direction. The first clearance opening or the second clearance opening is used to arrange radio frequency cables coupled to the feed unit. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0005] In the technical solution of this application, the first and second clearance openings are reserved on both sides of the feeding unit to avoid interference between the RF cable and the copper grid of the antenna radiation area after the RF cable swings. This also makes the outgoing direction of the RF cable orthogonal to the vibrating arm (i.e. the first and second radiation areas), minimizing the impact of the RF cable in practical applications and improving the current superposition between the RF cable and the vibrating arm, which affects the radiation pattern of the far-field antenna.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first radiation region includes a first sub-radiation region and a second sub-radiation region, the first sub-radiation region is located between the feed unit and the second sub-radiation region, the edge of the copper-clad grid in the first sub-radiation region is trapezoidal, and the edge of the copper-clad grid in the second sub-radiation region is rectangular. The second radiation region includes a third sub-radiation region and a fourth sub-radiation region. The third sub-radiation region is located between the power supply unit and the fourth sub-radiation region. The edge of the copper-clad grid in the third sub-radiation region is trapezoidal, and the edge of the copper-clad grid in the fourth sub-radiation region is rectangular.

[0007] In the technical solution of this application, a clearance area is reserved to prevent the surface current of the RF cable from having a parallel component that is parallel to the current of the vibrating arm when the RF cable is placed on the vibrating arm during the actual assembly process. The parallel component of the surface current and the current of the vibrating arm are superimposed, which affects the radiation pattern of the far-field antenna.

[0008] In some embodiments, the copper grid of the first sub-radiating region, the feeding unit, and the copper grid of the third sub-radiating region form a first current path, the first current path corresponding to the length of half the wavelength of the antenna.

[0009] In some embodiments, the copper-clad mesh of the second sub-radiating region forms two second current paths on opposite sides in the second direction, the second current paths corresponding to half wavelengths of the antenna.

[0010] In some embodiments, the copper-clad mesh of the fourth sub-radiating region forms two third current paths on opposite sides in the second direction, the third current paths corresponding to the length of half a wavelength of the antenna.

[0011] In the technical solution of this application, three current paths of half wavelength length are constructed in the first direction. The current at the operating frequency of the antenna resonates in these three current paths, thereby forming a current distribution pattern of four nodes and three antinodes.

[0012] In some embodiments, the grids of the first sub-radiation region and the third sub-radiation region have the same shape and size, and are defined as the first grid; the grids of the second sub-radiation region and the fourth sub-radiation region have the same shape and size, and are defined as the second grid, wherein the first grid is smaller than the second grid.

[0013] In the technical solution of this application, the first grid is set to be smaller than the second grid, thereby reducing the resource consumption of the computer in the process of algorithmically editing whether the grid is copper-clad.

[0014] In some embodiments, the copper-clad grid of the first radiating region is symmetrical with respect to its centerline in the first direction, and the copper-clad grid of the second radiating region is symmetrical with respect to its centerline in the first direction.

[0015] In the technical solution of this application, this arrangement method allows for editing of the grid on only half of the area of ​​the two radiation regions, reducing design difficulty and improving efficiency.

[0016] In some embodiments, the copper-clad grid of the first radiating region and the copper-clad grid of the second radiating region are symmetrical relative to the feeding unit.

[0017] In the technical solution of this application, this arrangement method allows for editing only the grid on half of the antenna area, reducing design difficulty and improving efficiency.

[0018] In some embodiments, the power supply unit includes a first power supply branch and a second power supply branch, the first power supply branch being coupled to at least one copper-clad grid of the first radiation region, the second power supply branch being coupled to at least one copper-clad grid of the second radiation region, the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch being separated by a gap, one of the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch being connected to the core of the RF cable, and the other being connected to the braided layer of the RF cable.

[0019] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including the antenna described above.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this application embodiment compared with related technologies are as follows: The antenna in the electronic device includes a substrate, and a feed unit, a first radiating region, and a second radiating region, all arranged on one surface of the substrate. The first radiating region and the second radiating region are respectively located on opposite sides of the feed unit along a first direction. The edge of the copper-plated mesh in the first radiating region and the edge of the copper-plated mesh in the second radiating region form a first clearance opening and a second clearance opening. The first clearance opening and the second clearance opening are respectively located on opposite sides of the feed unit along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the first clearance opening and the second clearance opening... The openings are all arranged to gradually expand and extend from the feed unit away from the feed unit along the second direction. The first or second clearance opening is used to arrange the RF cable coupled to the feed unit. The first and second clearance openings are reserved on both sides of the feed unit to avoid interference between the RF cable and the copper grid of the antenna radiation area after the RF cable swings. It can also make the outgoing direction of the RF cable orthogonal to the vibrator arm (i.e. the first radiation area and the second radiation area), minimize the impact of the RF cable in practical applications, and improve the current superposition between the RF cable and the vibrator arm, which affects the radiation pattern of the far-field antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the grid of an antenna provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna operating in the 2.4 GHz band, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna operating in the 5GHz band, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 4 The current distribution of a 5GHz antenna provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 5 The image shows a two-dimensional radiation pattern of the omnidirectional radiating surface of an antenna provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application may be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0031] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] Current pixel antennas, specifically full-wave dipole antennas, exhibit a current distribution characterized by two half-wavelength standing wave modes: the lowest current intensity is found at the feed point and the ends of the two dipole arms (three nodes), while the highest current intensity is found at the center of the dipole arms (two antinodes). This operating mode is determined by the copper plating area. Engineers have relied on the operating mode of the full-wave dipole to determine the copper plating area, failing to fully utilize the greater design freedom offered by pixel antennas.

[0037] Furthermore, in practical applications, the electrical and radiation performance of an antenna is easily affected by the radio frequency (RF) cable. When the RF cable is placed on the dipole arm, a parallel component of the surface current of the RF cable will exist, which is parallel to the dipole arm current. This parallel component of the surface current, when superimposed on the dipole arm current, affects the radiation pattern of the far-field antenna.

[0038] Please see Figures 1 to 3 One embodiment of this application proposes a pixelated (or gridded) antenna, including a substrate 10, and a feed element 20, a first radiating region 30, and a second radiating region 40, all arranged on a surface of the substrate 10. The first radiating region 30 and the second radiating region 40 are located on opposite sides of the feed element 20 along a first direction X. Both the first radiating region 30 and the second radiating region 40 include multiple grids a, b arranged in an array (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 ).

[0039] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 Multiple grids a and b are used to form a copper-clad grid to configure the current distribution. The edges of the copper-clad grid in the first radiation region 30 and the edges of the copper-clad grid in the second radiation region 40 form a first clearance opening 50 and a second clearance opening 60. The first clearance opening 50 and the second clearance opening 60 are located on opposite sides of the feed unit 20 along the second direction Y, and both the first clearance opening 50 and the second clearance opening 60 are gradually extended along the second direction Y from the direction away from the feed unit 20. The first clearance opening 50 or the second clearance opening 60 is used to arrange the radio frequency cable 70 coupled to the feed unit 20. The first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other.

[0040] in, Figure 1 The first radiation region 30 and the second radiation region 40 shown can be configured by editing whether their grids a and b are copper-covered through an algorithm, thereby configuring the current path of the first radiation region 30 itself, the current path of the second radiation region 40 itself, and the current path between the two and the feed unit 20. In this convenient way, as many current distribution patterns as possible can be introduced, thereby constructing an antenna configuration with better radiation characteristics.

[0041] Understandable, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The antenna structure shown is edited using an algorithm. Figure 1 The diagram shows antenna structures for two different operating frequency bands obtained by copper plating the grids a and b of the first radiation region 30 and the second radiation region 40. (Example) Figure 2 The antenna shown operates in the 2GHz band. Figure 3 The antenna shown operates in the 5GHz band.

[0042] In this design, a first clearance opening 50 and a second clearance opening 60 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the feed unit 20 along the second direction Y. The RF cable 70 can be led out from either the first clearance opening 50 or the second clearance opening 60. For example, if the RF cable 70 is designed to exit perpendicular to the first direction X, the surface current on the RF cable 70 can be orthogonal to the current on the vibrating arm, minimizing the impact of the RF cable 70 on the antenna radiation. The vibrating arm is composed of a copper-plated mesh in the first radiation region 30 and the second radiation region 40. Furthermore, the trapezoidal, gradually expanding first clearance opening 50 and second clearance opening 60 reserved on both sides of the feed unit 20 can improve the interference between the RF cable 70 and the vibrating arm after swinging. This prevents the RF cable 70 from passing over or covering the vibrating arm (or the RF cable 70 from resting on the vibrating arm) during assembly or application, thus avoiding affecting the antenna's standing wave and radiation, as well as the far-field antenna radiation pattern.

[0043] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the first radiation region 30 includes a first sub-radiation region 310 and a second sub-radiation region 320. The first sub-radiation region 310 is located between the power supply unit 20 and the second sub-radiation region 320. The edge of the copper-clad mesh in the first sub-radiation region 310 is trapezoidal, and the edge of the copper-clad mesh in the second sub-radiation region 320 is rectangular.

[0044] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The second radiation region 40 includes a third sub-radiation region 410 and a fourth sub-radiation region 420. The third sub-radiation region 410 is located between the feed unit 20 and the fourth sub-radiation region 420. The edge of the copper-clad grid in the third sub-radiation region 410 is trapezoidal, and the edge of the copper-clad grid in the fourth sub-radiation region 420 is rectangular.

[0045] In this way, a clearance area can be reserved: the first clearance opening 50 and the second clearance opening 60, to prevent the surface current of the RF cable 40 from having a parallel component that is parallel to the current of the vibrating arm when it is placed on the vibrating arm during the actual assembly process. This parallel component of the surface current, when superimposed with the current of the vibrating arm, will affect the radiation pattern of the far-field antenna.

[0046] It is understandable that the edges of the copper-clad grid in the first sub-radiation region 310 and the edges of the copper-clad grid in the third sub-radiation region 410 can also form triangles. The edges of the copper-clad grid in the second sub-radiation region 320 and the edges of the copper-clad grid in the fourth sub-radiation region 420 can also be trapezoids or other regular or irregular polygons. No further restrictions are imposed here, and the specific design can be determined according to the shape of the device and the shape of the preset substrate.

[0047] Please see Figure 4In some embodiments, the copper-clad grid of the first sub-radiation region 310, the feed unit 20, and the copper-clad grid of the third sub-radiation region 410 form a first current path 101, which corresponds to the length of half the wavelength of the antenna.

[0048] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the copper-clad mesh of the second sub-radiation region 320 forms two second current paths 102 on opposite sides in the second direction Y, and the second current paths 102 correspond to half wavelengths of the antenna.

[0049] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the copper-clad mesh of the fourth sub-radiation region 420 forms two third current paths 103 on opposite sides in the second direction Y, and the third current paths 103 correspond to the length of half wavelength of the antenna.

[0050] By plating copper onto grids a and b on substrate 10, three current paths of half-wavelength are constructed in the first direction X. The current at the antenna's operating frequency resonates in these three current paths, thus forming a four-node, three-antinode current distribution pattern. (See [reference]). Figure 5 The antenna can operate at either the 2GHz band or the 5GHz band.

[0051] It is understandable that there are five half-wave resonant current paths on the entire antenna, distributed at the four corners and the center of the antenna. The currents at the four corners are in phase (forming the second current path 102 and the third current path 103 are the same) and are opposite to the first current path 101 at the center. This "X" shaped current distribution effectively suppresses the sidelobes of the radiation pattern, making the maximum radiation direction of the antenna point to the horizontal plane.

[0052] Please continue reading. Figure 1 In some embodiments, the grids of the first sub-radiation region 310 and the third sub-radiation region 410 have the same shape and size, and are defined as the first grid a; the grids of the second sub-radiation region 320 and the fourth sub-radiation region 420 have the same shape and size, and are defined as the second grid b, where the first grid a is smaller than the second grid b. It is understood that the size of the grid can refer to its length in the first direction X, its length in the second direction, or its area. The grid shape is generally rectangular, typically a square.

[0053] Specifically, the first grid a is set to be smaller than the second grid b in order to reduce the computer's resource consumption during the algorithm's editing process of whether grids a and b are copper-clad.

[0054] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the copper-clad mesh of the first radiating region 30 is symmetrical with respect to its centerline in the first direction X, and the copper-clad mesh of the second radiating region 40 is symmetrical with respect to its centerline in the first direction X.

[0055] With this arrangement, when the computer is editing whether the meshes a and b are copper-clad in the algorithm, it is not necessary to edit the entire area of ​​the first radiation region 30. Only the meshes a and b on half of the area need to be edited, which reduces resource consumption and design difficulty and improves efficiency.

[0056] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the copper-clad grid of the first radiation region 30 is symmetrical to the copper-clad grid of the second radiation region 40 relative to the feed unit 20.

[0057] With this arrangement, when the computer is editing the algorithm to determine whether the entire antenna grid a,b is copper-clad, it is not necessary to edit the entire antenna grid a,b area. Only half of the grid a,b area (i.e., the grid of the first radiation area 30 or the second radiation area 40) needs to be edited, which reduces resource consumption and design difficulty and improves efficiency.

[0058] In some embodiments, the power supply unit 20 includes a first power supply branch 21 and a second power supply branch 22. The first power supply branch 21 is coupled to at least one copper-clad grid of the first radiation region 30, and the second power supply branch 22 is coupled to at least one copper-clad grid of the second radiation region 40. The first power supply branch 21 and the second power supply branch 22 are separated by a gap. One of the first power supply branch 21 and the second power supply branch 22 is connected to the inner core of the RF cable 70, and the other is connected to the braided layer of the RF cable 70.

[0059] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including the antenna described above. The electronic device is, for example, a network device such as a router.

[0060] The beneficial effects of this application embodiment compared with related technologies are as follows: the electronic device has a built-in dipole pixel antenna provided in this application embodiment. By utilizing the flexible and diverse working modes of the pixel antenna and controlling the direction of the radio frequency cable 70, it has a 5G pixel antenna with four nodes and three antinodes. The current distribution mode of this antenna is different from that of a full-wave dipole antenna, but the radiation performance of this antenna is comparable to that of a full-wave dipole antenna.

[0061] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, The device includes a substrate, and a feed unit, a first radiating region, and a second radiating region, all disposed on a surface of the substrate. The first radiating region and the second radiating region are located on opposite sides of the feed unit along a first direction. Both the first radiating region and the second radiating region include an array of multiple grids arranged in an array. The multiple grids are used to form a copper-clad grid to configure current distribution. The edges of the copper-clad grids in the first radiating region and the edges of the copper-clad grids in the second radiating region form a first clearance opening and a second clearance opening. The first clearance opening and the second clearance opening are located on opposite sides of the feed unit along a second direction, and both the first clearance opening and the second clearance opening are gradually extended in a direction away from the feed unit along the second direction. The first clearance opening or the second clearance opening is used to arrange radio frequency cables coupled to the feed unit. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

2. The antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiation region includes a first sub-radiation region and a second sub-radiation region. The first sub-radiation region is located between the power supply unit and the second sub-radiation region. The edge of the copper-clad grid in the first sub-radiation region is trapezoidal, and the edge of the copper-clad grid in the second sub-radiation region is rectangular. The second radiation region includes a third sub-radiation region and a fourth sub-radiation region. The third sub-radiation region is located between the power supply unit and the fourth sub-radiation region. The edge of the copper-clad grid in the third sub-radiation region is trapezoidal, and the edge of the copper-clad grid in the fourth sub-radiation region is rectangular.

3. The antenna as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The copper-clad grid of the first sub-radiating region, the feeding unit, and the copper-clad grid of the third sub-radiating region form a first current path, which corresponds to the length of half the wavelength of the antenna.

4. The antenna as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The copper-clad mesh of the second sub-radiating region forms two second current paths on opposite sides in the second direction, and the second current paths correspond to half wavelengths of the antenna.

5. The antenna as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The copper-clad mesh of the fourth sub-radiating region forms two third current paths on opposite sides in the second direction, and the length of the third current path corresponds to half the wavelength of the antenna.

6. The antenna as described in any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The first sub-radiation region and the third sub-radiation region have the same grid shape and size, and are defined as the first grid; the second sub-radiation region and the fourth sub-radiation region have the same grid shape and size, and are defined as the second grid, and the first grid is smaller than the second grid.

7. The antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The copper-clad grid of the first radiating region is symmetrical with respect to its centerline in the first direction, and the copper-clad grid of the second radiating region is symmetrical with respect to its centerline in the first direction.

8. The antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The copper-clad grids of the first radiation region and the copper-clad grids of the second radiation region are symmetrical relative to the feed unit.

9. The antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The power supply unit includes a first power supply branch and a second power supply branch. The first power supply branch is coupled to at least one copper-clad grid in the first radiation region, and the second power supply branch is coupled to at least one copper-clad grid in the second radiation region. The first power supply branch and the second power supply branch are separated by a gap. One of the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch is connected to the inner core of the RF cable, and the other is connected to the braided layer of the RF cable.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Including the antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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