Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna unit and array

Abstract

The utility model relates to radar antenna technical field, concretely is a Ku wave band anti -drone radar antenna unit and array surface, the antenna unit in the utility model includes antenna shell, forms the waveguide cavity of flat horn in antenna shell, is provided with a plurality of parallel baffle in waveguide cavity, and the waveguide channel is formed between adjacent baffle and antenna shell; The length of each baffle increases from the middle of waveguide cavity to both sides in turn, so that the electrical length of each waveguide channel increases from the middle of waveguide cavity to both sides in turn. Through the baffle that increases from the middle to the outside gradually, can effectively reduce the sidelobe level of antenna beam, thereby enhances the suppression ability of radar to clutter and interference in complex environment, and further improves the detection precision of radar.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of radar antenna technology, specifically a Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna element and array. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the low-altitude economy and the increasing prevalence of drone applications, counter-drone technology is playing an increasingly important role in related security fields. Ku-band counter-drone radar, due to its excellent detection capabilities against low-altitude, slow-moving, and small targets, has become a key component of current defense systems. As the core component of a radar system, the performance of the antenna element directly determines the radar's overall detection accuracy, anti-jamming capability, and environmental adaptability. Therefore, the engineering development of high-performance, high-reliability antenna elements is of great significance.

[0003] Currently, many researchers have conducted a series of studies on high-power, wideband antenna elements. Traditional antenna elements mostly use mechanical connection methods such as screws and riveting. Although these methods are simple in structure and low in cost, they often lead to a decline in telecommunication performance when facing Ku-band antennas with deep cavities, thin walls, and high precision requirements, due to issues such as connection gaps and assembly stress. In particular, it is difficult to guarantee the dimensional accuracy of the waveguide cavity, affecting the consistency of the antenna elements and the array performance. In addition, while pursuing high power and wide bandwidth, existing antenna elements often do not fully optimize the amplitude distribution of the radiating elements, resulting in high antenna beam sidelobes. This makes them susceptible to clutter and interference in complex electromagnetic environments, limiting their application effectiveness in high-performance scenarios such as anti-drone applications.

[0004] Patent application CN115395247A proposes a high-power microwave broadband active phased array horn array. Its antenna elements employ an equal-length partition structure, utilizing a single-ridge waveguide, stepped transform waveguide, and conical metal block design to achieve high-power transmission and wide-band operation in both Ku / Ka bands. However, the equal-length partitions in this design mean that the excitation amplitude of each radiation channel is essentially the same, constituting a uniform array design. While this equal-length partition layout simplifies manufacturing and controls costs, it has significant shortcomings in telecommunication performance: the antenna beam has a high sidelobe level, resulting in weaker suppression of clutter and interference in complex environments, hindering stable detection and tracking of weak UAV signals in dense electromagnetic environments. Therefore, this structure is more suitable for high-power transmission scenarios where sidelobe requirements are not high. In anti-UAV radar systems with extremely high requirements for beam purity and anti-interference performance, its performance remains limited, necessitating a solution. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the technical problem of weak clutter and interference suppression capabilities of radar in complex environments due to high sidelobe levels of the antenna beam, this invention provides a Ku-band anti-UAV radar antenna element. Based on antenna elements, this invention also provides a radar array composed of antenna elements.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna unit includes an antenna housing, a flat horn-shaped waveguide cavity formed inside the antenna housing, and multiple parallel partitions disposed inside the waveguide cavity. The adjacent partitions and the antenna housing enclose a waveguide channel. The length of each partition increases sequentially from the middle of the waveguide cavity to both sides, so that the electrical length of each waveguide channel increases sequentially from the middle of the waveguide cavity to both sides.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above scheme: the waveguide cavity includes a horn radiating section and a rectangular waveguide section connected sequentially along the wave output direction, and all partitions are arranged within the rectangular waveguide section.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above scheme: the length direction of each partition is parallel to the wave output direction of the waveguide cavity, and the outer end of each partition and the outlet of the waveguide cavity are located in the same plane.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above scheme, each waveguide channel is a cuboid channel with the same cross-section.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above scheme: the antenna housing includes a housing and a cover plate that covers the housing, and each partition plate is installed inside the housing.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above solution: side walls are formed on both sides of the shell, and multiple lower fixing seats are provided on the outer side of the side walls. Multiple upper fixing seats that can be fixedly connected to the corresponding lower fixing seats are provided on both sides of the cover plate.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above solution: the lower fixed seat has a threaded hole, and the upper fixed seat has a positioning hole. The screw passes through the positioning hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole to fix the two fixed seats that cooperate with each other.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above solution: multiple rivets are provided on the upper edge of each partition inside the shell, and rivet holes are opened at the corresponding positions on the cover plate. The rivets and rivet holes are connected by riveting to fix the shell and the cover plate.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above solution: a central hole is provided at the axis of the rivet tip. The central hole can cause the rivet head to expand under the action of external force to achieve riveting fit.

[0015] This utility model also provides a Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna array, comprising: Multiple Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna elements are arranged in a planar array along a predetermined direction. Slow wave lines are used to transmit and generate feed signals with a progressive phase difference. A coupling plate is set between the slow wave line and each antenna element. It has a coupling structure that corresponds one-to-one with the input end of the waveguide cavity of each antenna element, which is used to couple and distribute the signal in the slow wave line to each antenna element. Matching components are used in conjunction with antenna units, coupling plates, and slow-wave lines to complete signal transmission and reception.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model constructs a waveguide channel with a gradient electrical length distribution from the center to both sides through a combined structural design of a "flat horn-shaped waveguide cavity + multiple parallel partitions with lengths increasing sequentially from the center to both sides." This effectively improves the accuracy of antenna beam energy distribution. On the one hand, the orderly increase in electrical length from the center to both sides of each waveguide channel can form a synergistic phase compensation effect with the feed signal, enabling the main lobe energy to be highly focused during electromagnetic wave radiation, while effectively compressing the sidelobe level and preventing energy from being dispersed to non-target directions. On the other hand, the combined design of the flat horn-shaped waveguide cavity and multiple parallel partitions further enhances the beam directivity and reduces the signal radiation intensity in non-target areas, fundamentally reducing the probability of sidelobes capturing clutter and interference. Ultimately, the above-mentioned combined structural design precisely solves the technical problem that the radar's ability to suppress clutter and interference in complex environments is weak due to the high sidelobe level of the antenna beam. This ensures that the radar can still accurately identify "low, slow, and small" UAV targets in clutter-dense scenarios such as urban low-altitude areas and airport perimeters, improving detection reliability.

[0017] 2. The regular structure of the rectangular waveguide section in this utility model facilitates the installation and dimensional accuracy control of multiple parallel partitions, effectively reduces the processing difficulty of deep cavity thin-walled structures, and ensures the consistency of each waveguide channel; the horn radiating section undertakes the signal radiation function, and the gradual flare design reduces signal reflection loss and improves radiation efficiency and coverage.

[0018] 3. The design of the partition being parallel to the wave output direction ensures that the electromagnetic wave propagation direction in each waveguide channel is uniform, avoiding phase shift and signal interference, and ensuring synchronous transmission of the feed signal; the outer end of the partition is flush with the waveguide cavity outlet, so that the signal radiation surface of all waveguide channels is on the same plane, forming a regular radiation array, improving the beam pointing accuracy and focusing effect, reducing signal scattering, and providing a unified assembly benchmark for splicing multiple antenna elements into an array, ensuring the overall accuracy of the array. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna unit assembly structure in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate structure in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shell structure in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the radar array structure in this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 10. Antenna housing; 11. Housing; 111. Partition; 1111. Rivet; 112. Side wall; 1121. Lower mounting base; 1122. Positioning pin; 12. Cover plate; 121. Rivet hole; 122. Upper mounting base; 123. Pin hole; 13. Fixing lug; 20. Frame; 30. Antenna radome; 40. Coupling plate; 50. Slow wave line; 60. Back plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] I. Antenna Unit 1. Antenna Unit Composition Structure like Figures 1-3 As shown, the antenna housing 10 adopts a split structure of "shell + cover plate", both made of 3A21-H112 aluminum alloy or 5A06-H112 aluminum alloy, and the surface is treated with conductive oxidation, Ra1.6μm, to reduce signal reflection loss. The overall dimensions are 145mm in length × 135mm in width × 9.4mm in thickness, and the flatness of the upper and lower surfaces is controlled within ±0.05mm.

[0026] Shell 11: It has a deep cavity and thin wall structure, with multiple parallel partitions 111 integrally formed inside. The thickness of the partitions 111 is 0.8mm (dimensional accuracy ±0.02mm), and the thickness of the side wall 112 is 1mm to avoid processing deformation.

[0027] Cover plate 12: It is a flat plate structure. After being closed, it forms a sealed waveguide cavity with the housing 11. The flatness of the mating surface between cover plate 12 and housing 11 is designed to be ±0.02mm (to prevent electromagnetic wave leakage).

[0028] 2. Connection method between shell and cover plate One of the connection methods used in this embodiment is countersunk screw mounting.

[0029] The countersunk screw installation involves first machining the cover plate 12 and the housing 11 using a CNC milling machine. Since both parts are thin, difficult-to-machine plates, only 1mm thick, and made of 5A06-H112 aluminum alloy, the clamping method during machining is particularly important. On one hand, milling generates mechanical vibration, affecting the machining accuracy of the thin plate parts; on the other hand, an improper clamping method can lead to deformation of the thin plate parts under stress.

[0030] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a total of 8 lower fixing seats 1121 are provided along the edges of the side walls 112 on both sides of the housing 11; 8 upper fixing seats 122 (integrated with the cover plate 12) are provided at corresponding positions on both sides of the cover plate 12.

[0031] The lower fixing seat 1121 has an M1.6 threaded hole. The upper fixing seat 122 has a positioning hole with a diameter of 1.7mm. An M1.6 Phillips head countersunk screw passes through the positioning hole and is tightened into the threaded hole to fix the housing 11 and the cover plate 12. Multiple positioning pins 1122 are also provided on the upper edge of the side wall 112, and corresponding pin holes 113 are provided on the cover plate 12. The positioning pins 1122 and pin holes 113 interlock for auxiliary positioning, preventing misalignment when the housing 11 and cover plate 12 are closed, and improving assembly accuracy.

[0032] In the countersunk screw installation, a vacuum chuck was used as a clamping tool to ensure the machining accuracy of the antenna unit cover plate 112 and the housing 11. Since the antenna unit is ultimately fastened together by eight M1.6 Phillips head countersunk screws, to avoid excessive gaps at the mounting surfaces of the two parts affecting the antenna unit's electrical performance, the flatness of the mounting surfaces was designed to be ±0.02mm, and the surface roughness to be Ra1.6μm.

[0033] The countersunk screw installation method does not use welding. Instead, it uses countersunk screws to install the cover plate 12 and the housing 11. This method has the advantage of saving costs.

[0034] The second connection method used in this embodiment is a combination connection of "screw-on and riveting".

[0035] The antenna unit assembly involves adding a riveting process to the countersunk screw installation, effectively resolving the gap between the partition 111 and the cover plate 12 within the waveguide cavity. During the finishing of the housing 11, 30 rivets 1111, each 1mm high and 0.6mm in diameter, are milled onto the partition 111. A center hole with a diameter of 0.4mm and a depth of 0.5mm is machined into each rivet 1111. Similarly, 30 rivet holes 121, each 0.65mm in diameter and with chamfered openings, are machined into the corresponding positions on the cover plate 12. After the countersunk screw installation, the rivet heads are expanded and deformed by tapping the center holes of the rivets 1111 on the housing 11. Continuous tapping creates a shape that matches the chamfered opening, resulting in an interference fit with the rivet holes 121. This achieves a seamless fit between the partition 111 and the cover plate 12, while preventing the rivets 1111 from protruding from the outer surface of the cover plate 12, thus achieving riveting fixation.

[0036] The third connection method used in this embodiment is vacuum brazing.

[0037] Both of the aforementioned methods of connecting the housing 11 and the cover plate 12 involve final assembly after the parts have been precision-machined. Whether using screws or a combination of screws and riveting, the upper and lower surfaces of the antenna unit are subjected to clamping forces during assembly. These forces are mainly concentrated at the screw and riveting locations, resulting in uneven stress on the entire antenna unit surface and affecting its surface accuracy. Furthermore, the mounting brackets at the edge of the antenna unit also affect its telecommunication performance. To address this, this embodiment employs a vacuum brazing connection method.

[0038] The antenna unit is made of 3A21-H112 aluminum alloy. First, the cover plate 12 and the housing 11 are precision machined by CNC milling. Then, the housing 11 and the cover plate 12 are brazed in a vacuum environment. Finally, the overall shape of the brazed antenna unit is precision machined.

[0039] Vacuum brazing is a sandwich brazing process. It involves pre-placing brazing filler metal within the welding surfaces of the cover plate 12 and the shell 11, and then performing the welding within a vacuum furnace through heating, holding, and cooling. The selected solder is Al-Si-Mg solder of grade 4004, with a solder sheet thickness of 0.1 mm. The welding technique requires ensuring a dimensional accuracy of ±0.02 mm for the internal waveguide cavity. After welding, the antenna unit undergoes overall precision machining to achieve the required dimensional and surface accuracy. Finally, the dimensions and weld quality of the machined antenna unit sample are inspected.

[0040] 2. Waveguide cavity and waveguide channel design The waveguide cavity is flat and horn-shaped, and is divided into a horn radiating section and a rectangular waveguide section along the wave output direction (from the signal input end to the radiating end). The two sections are seamlessly connected, and the overall dimensional accuracy is controlled within ±0.02mm to ensure distortion-free transmission of Ku-band signals.

[0041] Rectangular waveguide section: approximately 60mm in length, with a cross-sectional dimension of "135mm width × 9.4mm height". Each partition 111 is arranged within this section, with a spacing of 11.4mm between adjacent partitions 111 (dimensional accuracy ±0.03mm). The adjacent partitions 111, together with the housing 11 and the cover plate 12, form 11 cuboid waveguide channels. The cross-sectional dimension of each waveguide channel is uniformly "11.4mm width × 9.4mm height" (to ensure the consistency of signal transmission in each channel).

[0042] Horn radiating section: 85mm in length, with a maximum cross-section of 135mm × 9.4mm. Its exit plane coincides with the inlet cross-section of the rectangular waveguide section.

[0043] 3. Length gradient design of the partition Eleven baffles 111 are arranged parallel to the waveguide cavity's output direction, and the outer ends of all baffles 111 are flush with the exit plane. The length of the baffles 111 increases sequentially from the center to both sides according to a set gradient. For example, the length increases by 5mm for each baffle outwards, ultimately causing the electrical length (signal transmission path length) of the 11 waveguide channels to increase sequentially from the center to both sides. This design can be used in conjunction with slow wave lines to achieve "beam phase compensation during frequency scanning" and avoid beam offset.

[0044] 4. Analysis of the structural characteristics of the combined design The combination of a flat, horn-shaped waveguide cavity and multiple partitions 111 enhances beam directivity, reduces radiation in non-target areas, and lowers the probability of sidelobe interference capture. First, the flat, horn-shaped waveguide cavity precisely guides the propagation of electromagnetic waves through its structural morphology. Its "flat" characteristic restricts the diffusion space of electromagnetic waves in a specific dimension, preventing energy from being scattered randomly in irrelevant directions and forcing electromagnetic waves to propagate mainly along the core airspace required for detection. The "horn-shaped" gradually widening design allows electromagnetic waves to form a regular wavefront shape before radiation, reducing energy reflection and leakage caused by abrupt changes in the channel cross-section. This ensures that electromagnetic waves radiate directionally towards the target with a stable phase gradient, laying the structural foundation for enhanced beam directivity.

[0045] Secondly, the design of the multiple parallel partitions 111 essentially constructs a regular multi-sub-channel radiation system. The partitions 111 divide the flat horn cavity into multiple parallel, independent sub-waveguide channels, with each partition 111 maintaining strict parallelism. This ensures that the spatial shape and propagation path of each sub-channel remain consistent, thereby allowing the electromagnetic waves within each waveguide channel to possess uniform phase characteristics and impedance matching. According to the principle of coherent superposition of electromagnetic waves, when these electromagnetic waves with consistent characteristics radiate synchronously, the electromagnetic waves in the main lobe direction (target core region) are completely phase-synchronized, and their energy is superimposed, forming a narrow beam with strong focusing. Meanwhile, the electromagnetic waves in the side lobe direction (non-target region) have phase differences, causing their energy to cancel each other out, thus significantly weakening the energy intensity of the side lobes and preventing energy from dispersing into irrelevant directions with dense clutter.

[0046] Finally, the combination of the two achieves a dual gain of "directional constraint + coherent optimization". The flat horn-shaped waveguide cavity reduces the ineffective diffusion of electromagnetic waves through spatial constraint, and the horn-shaped structure ensures the regularity of the wavefront; the multiple parallel septa 111 trigger a coherent effect of main lobe enhancement and side lobe cancellation by constructing sub-channels with uniform characteristics. Under the dual effect, the beam is precisely confined to the target coverage area, the radiation intensity in non-target areas is significantly reduced, and the side lobe energy is greatly suppressed. At this point, the energy level of the side lobes is no longer sufficient to effectively capture clutter and electromagnetic interference signals in the environment, thus cutting off the path of interference introduced by the side lobes at the source and further enhancing the directional detection capability of the beam.

[0047] II. Ku-band anti-drone radar array like Figure 4 As shown, the radar array in this embodiment includes multiple antenna elements, slow wave lines 50, coupling plates 40, and other commonly used supporting components to achieve uniform feeding and frequency scanning of Ku-band signals.

[0048] 1. Array arrangement of antenna elements Based on the detection coverage of the anti-drone radar (e.g., horizontal coverage of 150°, detection distance of 6km), select 32 antenna elements (the number can be adjusted according to the actual scenario, with a suggested range of 32-64).

[0049] All antenna elements are arranged in a single row along the horizontal direction, with the sides of adjacent antenna elements closely attached to each other (the gap between adjacent antenna elements is ≤0.01mm, and the contact surface is the side of the antenna element, i.e., the end face of 135mm×145mm), to ensure the continuity of the array and avoid signal radiation dead zones.

[0050] Each antenna unit has a fixed lug 13 on both sides of its entrance, which corresponds to the coupling structure of the coupling plate 40. The coupling plate 40 has a positioning screw hole at the corresponding position. The screw passes through the through hole on the fixed lug 13 and is threaded to the positioning screw hole to fix the antenna unit on the coupling plate 40.

[0051] 2. Frame and radome Frame 20: Made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, with an internal length of approximately 300mm (the same length as the antenna element array), an internal width of approximately 135mm (the same width as the antenna element), and a height of approximately 170mm. The inner sidewall of frame 20 is machined with positioning grooves, and the two side edges of the antenna element array are embedded in the grooves to achieve lateral positioning.

[0052] Antenna radome 30: Made of polytetrafluoroethylene (transmittance ≥98%), 0.3mm thick, and its shape perfectly matches the opening of the frame 20; the edge of antenna radome 30 is fixed to the countersunk hole at the top of frame 20 by M2 screws, and after assembly, it is sealed and fits snugly with the frame.

[0053] After installation, the bottom of the frame 20 is fixed to the back plate 60 to encapsulate the antenna unit, coupling plate 40, slow wave line 50 and other components.

[0054] 3. Coupling plate The material is 3A21-H112 aluminum alloy, with a thickness of 2.5mm, a length of approximately 300mm (the same length as the antenna element array), and a width of 135mm. There are 32 square coupling holes on the board (corresponding one-to-one with the 32 antenna elements).

[0055] The lower surface of the coupling plate 40 is machined with a microstrip positioning groove, and the slow wave line is embedded in the groove to achieve precise positioning.

[0056] 4. Slow wave line It adopts a microstrip line structure and is made of 3A21-H112 aluminum alloy. The slow-wave line 50 has 32 output terminals along its length (corresponding one to one with the coupling hole).

[0057] After the slow wave line 50 is embedded in the microstrip line positioning groove of the coupling plate 40, it is fixed by bonding with conductive adhesive, thus realizing both signal transmission and heat dissipation.

[0058] 5. Back panel The material is 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, and locking screw holes are machined on the side. After the frame 20 is put on it, the two are fixed together by positioning bolts to achieve the final encapsulation.

[0059] The lower surface of the backplate has four adjustable support feet, and the bottom of the support feet is equipped with anti-slip pads. The elevation angle of the array's radiation surface can be adjusted within a set angle range by adjusting the support feet to adapt to different deployment scenarios.

[0060] 6. Other supporting components In addition to the aforementioned structures such as the frame, coupling plate, slow wave line, and back plate that are directly adapted to the antenna unit, the Ku-band anti-drone radar array also includes functional components such as radar transceiver modules, signal processing components, heat dissipation devices, and power interfaces. Since the antenna unit has been replaced, the structure, interface specifications, and assembly logic of the remaining functional components are consistent with the mature design of existing anti-drone radar arrays in the same frequency band, so this part of the existing structure will not be described again.

[0061] Meanwhile, apart from the antenna unit in this utility model, all other supporting components required for the array can adopt the mature design of existing anti-drone radar arrays in the same frequency band, and only need to be adapted at the port connected to the antenna unit to achieve mutual installation.

[0062] 7. Radar array assembly process Prefabrication preparation: Prepare antenna units, customized and compatible frames 20, radomes 30, coupling plates 40, slow wave lines 50, backplates 60, as well as reusable radar transceiver modules, signal processing components, heat dissipation devices, power interfaces and other functional components, ensuring that the interface specifications of all components match existing mature designs.

[0063] Slow wave line and coupling plate assembly: The slow wave line 50 is embedded into the microstrip line positioning groove on the lower surface of the coupling plate 40, coated with conductive adhesive for bonding and fixing, and left to cure until the conductive adhesive is fully formed, so as to realize signal conduction and heat dissipation.

[0064] Antenna unit array assembly: Arrange 32 antenna units in a single row along the horizontal direction and fit them tightly together. Use countersunk screws to fasten each antenna unit to the corresponding position of the coupling plate 40 through the fixed lugs 13 on both sides of the antenna unit entrance. Ensure that the antenna unit and the square coupling hole of the coupling plate 40 are precisely aligned to form an integrated "antenna unit-coupling plate-slow wave line" assembly.

[0065] Assembly of integrated components with the frame: The integrated components are embedded into the frame 20, so that the two sides of the antenna unit array are engaged in the positioning grooves on the inner sidewall of the frame 20 to achieve lateral positioning and ensure the overall position of the array is stable.

[0066] Antenna installation: Cover the opening of the frame 20 with the PTFE antenna 30, and fix the edge of the antenna 30 to the top of the frame 20 with M2 Phillips head countersunk screws. Apply silicone rubber sealant to the mating surface to ensure protection and sealing.

[0067] Interfacing with reusable components: The packaged "frame-integrated component-radome" module can be connected to reusable functional components such as radar transceiver modules, signal processing components, heat dissipation devices, and power interfaces through existing mature interfaces, without the need for additional adjustments to the interface adapter structure.

[0068] Overall encapsulation and fixation: Place the module with the reusable components connected on the back plate 60, and use positioning bolts to fasten the two through the mounting holes at the bottom of the frame 20 and the locking screw holes on the side of the back plate to complete the overall encapsulation.

[0069] Debugging and calibration: Perform basic performance tests on the assembled array, focusing on calibrating the signal matching degree between the new antenna unit and the transceiver module. Reusable components are operated according to existing mature calibration procedures to ensure that the array meets the requirements of telecommunications performance and environmental adaptability.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna unit, characterized in that, The device includes an antenna housing (10), inside which a flat, horn-shaped waveguide cavity is formed. Multiple parallel partitions (111) are arranged inside the waveguide cavity, and adjacent partitions (111) and the antenna housing (10) enclose a waveguide channel. The length of each partition (111) increases sequentially from the middle of the waveguide cavity to both sides, so that the electrical length of each waveguide channel increases sequentially from the middle of the waveguide cavity to both sides.

2. The Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waveguide cavity includes a horn radiating section and a rectangular waveguide section connected sequentially along the wave output direction, and all partitions (111) are arranged inside the rectangular waveguide section.

3. A Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The length direction of each partition (111) is parallel to the wave output direction of the waveguide cavity, and the outer end of each partition (111) and the outlet of the waveguide cavity are located in the same plane.

4. A Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each waveguide channel is a rectangular parallelepiped channel with the same cross-section.

5. A Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The antenna housing (10) includes a housing (11) and a cover plate (12) covering the housing (11), and each partition plate (111) is installed inside the housing (11).

6. A Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The shell (11) has side walls (112) on both sides, and multiple lower fixing seats (1121) are provided on the outer side of the side walls (112). Multiple upper fixing seats (122) that can be fixedly connected to the corresponding lower fixing seats (1121) are provided at the two sides of the cover plate (12).

7. A Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower fixed seat (1121) has a threaded hole, and the upper fixed seat (122) has a positioning hole. The screw passes through the positioning hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole to fix the two fixed seats that cooperate with each other.

8. A Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each partition (111) inside the housing (11) has multiple rivets (1111) on its upper edge. The cover plate (12) has rivet holes (121) at the corresponding positions. The rivets (1111) and rivet holes (121) are connected by riveting to fix the housing (11) and the cover plate (12).

9. A Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna unit according to claim 8, characterized in that, A central hole is provided at the center of the axial position of the rivet (1111). The central hole can cause the head of the rivet (1111) to expand under the action of external force, so as to achieve riveting fit.

10. A Ku-band anti-UAV radar antenna array, characterized in that, include: Multiple Ku-band anti-drone radar antenna elements as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein each antenna element is arranged in a planar array along a predetermined direction; Slow wave line (50) is used to transmit and generate a feed signal with an asymptotic phase difference; A coupling plate (40) is set between the slow wave line (50) and each antenna element. It has a coupling structure that corresponds one-to-one with the input end of the waveguide cavity of each antenna element, which is used to couple and distribute the signal in the slow wave line (50) to each antenna element. Matching components are used in conjunction with the antenna unit, coupling plate (40) and slow wave line (50) to complete signal transmission and reception.

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