Battery cell parallel protection circuit

Abstract

The application discloses a parallel protection circuit of a battery cell and relates to the technical field of batteries. The parallel protection circuit of the battery cell comprises a plurality of battery cells, negative poles of the plurality of battery cells are connected and connected with a plurality of connection boards, a sampling module is connected to positive pole lines of the battery cells and the connection boards and is used for outputting a sampling signal, a switch module is connected to the positive pole lines of the battery cells and the connection boards and is used for receiving a switch signal, and a control module is connected to the sampling module and the switch module and is used for receiving the sampling signal and outputting a switch signal of the sampling signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell parallel protection circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Dual-cell designs are primarily used in mobile devices such as smartphones. Their core advantages lie in improved energy density, heat dissipation, and charging efficiency, while also ensuring safety and lifespan. Specifically, dual-cell designs utilize independent charging and discharging mechanisms, allowing the use of higher-capacity cells to store more energy within the same volume. This significantly reduces device weight and size, extending battery life. Furthermore, the dual-cell structure supports independent charging, powering both cells simultaneously and significantly shortening charging time. For example, the dual-cell design makes it possible for smartphones to achieve fast charging power exceeding 100W, enabling a 4000mAh battery to be fully charged in just 15 minutes. Additionally, dual-cell designs reduce the temperature of individual cells by distributing heat, avoiding overheating risks and extending battery life. Moreover, dual-cell designs can balance voltage fluctuations, minimizing their impact on device performance.

[0003] In the existing technology, the negative terminal protection circuit is used for two parallel cells, which leads to safety hazards when P+ and P- are in contact, or when P+ and B- are in contact. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a parallel protection circuit for battery cells to at least solve the safety hazard problem that exists in related technologies where two parallel battery cells use a negative terminal protection circuit.

[0005] This application provides a battery cell parallel protection circuit, including: Multiple battery cells are connected to each other at their negative terminals and to multiple terminal blocks; A sampling module is connected to the positive line of the battery cell and the terminal block, and is used to output a sampling signal; A switch module, which is connected to the positive line of the battery cell and the terminal block, is used to receive switch signals to turn on or off. A control module is connected to both the sampling module and the switching module, and is used to receive the sampling signal and output a switching signal for the sampling signal.

[0006] In some optional embodiments, the sampling module includes: Multiple branch sampling resistors are provided, each of which is connected to the positive terminal of each battery cell to collect the sampling signal of each battery cell. A combining sampling resistor is connected to the positive line after combining and is used to collect the combined sampling signal.

[0007] In some optional embodiments, the switching signal includes: a branch switch signal and a combining switch signal, and the switching module includes: Multiple branch switch units are provided, each branch switch unit is connected to the positive terminal of each battery cell, and the control terminal of each branch switch unit is connected to the control module for receiving branch switch signals to turn on or off. Multiple combining switch units are provided, each of which is connected to the positive terminal of the combined battery cell and each terminal block. The control terminal of each combining switch unit is connected to the control module and is used to receive combining switch signals to turn on or off.

[0008] In some optional embodiments, the control module includes: Multiple branch control units are connected to the branch sampling resistor and the branch switch unit respectively, and are used to receive sampling signals and output branch switch signals; A combining control unit is connected to the combining sampling resistor and each of the combining switch units, and is used to receive sampling signals and output combining switch signals. A power meter is connected to the combining sampling resistor and the terminal block, respectively, and is used to collect the combined power and output it to the terminal block.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, the power supply terminal of the branch control unit is connected to the first terminal of each branch sampling resistor, and the detection terminal of the branch control unit is connected to the second terminal of each branch sampling resistor.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the power supply terminal of the combining control unit is connected to the first terminal of the combining sampling resistor, and the detection terminal of the combining control unit is connected to the second terminal of the combining sampling resistor.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the circuit further includes: Multiple branch current-limiting resistors are provided, with the first end of each branch current-limiting resistor connected to the branch control unit and the second end of each branch current-limiting resistor connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the circuit further includes: A current-limiting resistor is provided, with its first end connected to the current-limiting control unit and its second end connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, the circuit further includes: Multiple isolation modules are provided, each of which is connected to the positive terminal and the ground terminal of each terminal block.

[0014] In some alternative embodiments, the isolation module consists of at least one capacitor. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a battery cell parallel protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A structural diagram of another battery cell parallel protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A structural diagram of another battery cell parallel protection circuit provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 A structural diagram of another battery cell parallel protection circuit provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 A structural diagram of a battery cell parallel protection circuit provided in this application embodiment is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0018] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," etc., in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0019] Dual-cell designs are primarily used in mobile devices such as smartphones. Their core advantages lie in improved energy density, heat dissipation, and charging efficiency, while also ensuring safety and lifespan. Specifically, dual-cell designs utilize independent charging and discharging mechanisms, allowing the use of higher-capacity cells to store more energy within the same volume. This significantly reduces device weight and size, extending battery life. Furthermore, the dual-cell structure supports independent charging, powering both cells simultaneously and significantly shortening charging time. For example, the dual-cell design makes it possible for smartphones to achieve fast charging power exceeding 100W, enabling a 4000mAh battery to be fully charged in just 15 minutes. Additionally, dual-cell designs reduce the temperature of individual cells by distributing heat, avoiding overheating risks and extending battery life. Moreover, dual-cell designs can balance voltage fluctuations, minimizing their impact on device performance.

[0020] In the existing technology, the negative terminal protection circuit is used for two parallel cells, which leads to safety hazards if P+ and P- (positive and negative terminals of the terminal block) come into contact, or if P+ and B- (negative terminal of the cell) come into contact.

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Embodiments of this application provide a battery cell parallel protection circuit, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: Multiple battery cells are connected to each other at their negative terminals and to multiple terminal blocks; Sampling module 10, which is connected to the positive line of the battery cell and the terminal block, is used to output a sampling signal; Switch module 20, which is connected to the positive line of the battery cell and the terminal block, is used to receive switch signals to turn on or off; The control module 30 is connected to the sampling module 10 and the switching module 20 respectively, and is used to receive the sampling signal and output the switching signal of the sampling signal.

[0023] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 The positive terminals of each battery cell are B1+, B2+, ..., Bn+, and the negative terminals are B1-, B2-, ..., Bn-. Two terminals are typically used, designated J1 and J2, to improve current-carrying capacity. (Reference) Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a port diagram for each device. The positive terminal of the terminal block is P+, and the negative terminal is P-.

[0024] Optionally, the sampling module 10 can be multiple sampling resistors for collecting data from each battery cell, the switching module 20 can be a switching transistor for controlling the circuit between each battery cell and the terminal block, and the control module 30 can be a control chip for controlling each switching transistor.

[0025] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 The sampling module 10 and the switching module 20 are both located on the positive line between the battery cell and the terminal block. The control module 30 receives the sampling signal and detects it. When an abnormal voltage or current is detected, it outputs a switching signal. The switching module 20 receives the switching signal and then turns off, thus protecting the battery cell and the terminal block. Compared to traditional methods where the sampling module and switching module are located on the negative line between the battery cell and the terminal block, where the voltage on the positive line still exists when the negative line is disconnected, a large current can still flow if P+ and P- are in contact, or if P+ and B- are in contact, leading to device failure, this application quickly disconnects the high-voltage terminal by collecting the signal from the positive line and disconnecting the positive line. Therefore, even if P+ and P- are in contact, or if P+ and B- are in contact, no large current will flow, greatly reducing safety hazards.

[0026] In some feasible implementations, the sampling module 10 includes: Multiple branch sampling resistors are provided, each of which is connected to the positive terminal of each battery cell to collect the sampling signal of each battery cell. A combining sampling resistor is connected to the positive line after combining and is used to collect the combined sampling signal.

[0027] Specifically, each branch sampling resistor is used to collect the voltage of each cell branch separately, and the combined sampling circuit is used to collect the voltage of the positive line after the cells are combined. Optionally, the branch sampling resistors are precision resistors. The combined sampling resistor can be multiple precision resistors connected in parallel to withstand large currents.

[0028] For example, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This diagram illustrates two battery cells connected in parallel, designated as the first and second battery cells. The branch sampling resistors are RS1 and RS2, respectively. The combined sampling resistors are RS3 and RS4. Multiple parallel precision resistors are used to handle the large current.

[0029] In some feasible implementations, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the switching signals include: branch switch signals and combiner switch signals, and the switching module 20 includes: Multiple branch switch units are provided, each branch switch unit is connected to the positive terminal of each battery cell, and the control terminal of each branch switch unit is connected to the control module 30 for receiving branch switch signals to turn on or off. Multiple combining switch units are provided, each of which is connected to the positive terminal of the combined battery cell and each terminal block. The control terminal of each combining switch unit is connected to the control module 30 and is used to receive combining switch signals to turn on or off.

[0030] Specifically, the branch circuit switch unit controls the switching transistors of individual battery cells, while the combiner switch unit controls the switching transistors of each battery cell after they are combined and then enter the terminal block. It should be noted that the number of combiner switch units corresponds to the number of terminal blocks.

[0031] For example, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The branch switch units are Q3 and Q4. The combiner switch units are Q2 and Q1. Both the branch switch units and the combiner switch units can be chips composed of dual open transistors.

[0032] In some feasible implementations, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the control module 30 includes: Multiple branch control units are connected to the branch sampling resistor and the branch switch unit respectively, and are used to receive sampling signals and output branch switch signals; A combining control unit is connected to the combining sampling resistor and each of the combining switch units, and is used to receive sampling signals and output combining switch signals. A power meter is connected to the combining sampling resistor and the terminal block, respectively, and is used to collect the combined power and output it to the terminal block.

[0033] Specifically, the branch control unit controls the branch circuits of each battery cell separately. The combining control unit simultaneously controls the combined circuits of each battery cell, which then enter the switching transistors of the terminal block.

[0034] For example, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The branch control units are U2 and U1. U1 outputs branch switch signals for CO1 and DO1, and Q4 turns on or off upon receiving these signals. U2 outputs branch switch signals for CO2 and DO2, and Q3 turns on or off upon receiving these signals. The combining control unit is U3, which outputs a combining switch signal for CO3 and DO3. Q1 and Q2 each turn on or off upon receiving these signals. The fuel meter is U4.

[0035] In some feasible implementations, the power supply terminal of the branch control unit is connected to the first terminal of each branch sampling resistor, and the detection terminal of the branch control unit is connected to the second terminal of each branch sampling resistor.

[0036] For example, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The power supply terminal VDD of U1 is connected to B1+, and the power supply terminal VDD of U2 is connected to B2+. Simultaneously, the voltage at the power supply terminal VDD is used as the detection voltage.

[0037] In some feasible implementations, the power supply terminal of the combining control unit is connected to the first terminal of the combining sampling resistor, and the detection terminal of the combining control unit is connected to the second terminal of the combining sampling resistor.

[0038] For example, refer to Figure 2 The power supply terminal VDD of U3 is connected to B+, where B+ is the voltage after all the cells are combined.

[0039] In some feasible implementations, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the circuit also includes: Multiple branch current-limiting resistors are provided, with the first end of each branch current-limiting resistor connected to the branch control unit and the second end of each branch current-limiting resistor connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell.

[0040] Specifically, the branch current-limiting resistor is connected between the VSS terminal and the negative terminal of the branch control unit to prevent large current at the negative terminal and thus limit the current.

[0041] For example, refer to Figure 2 The branch current-limiting resistors are R2 and R3, respectively.

[0042] In some feasible implementations, the circuit further includes: A current-limiting resistor is provided, with its first end connected to the current-limiting control unit and its second end connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell.

[0043] Specifically, the current-limiting resistor is connected between the VSS terminal and the negative terminal of the combining control unit to prevent large current at the negative terminal and thus limit the current.

[0044] For example, refer to Figure 2 The current-limiting resistors for the combined circuit are R1 and R2.

[0045] In some feasible implementations, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the circuit also includes: Multiple isolation modules are provided, each of which is connected to the positive terminal and the ground terminal of each terminal block.

[0046] Specifically, each isolation module serves to isolate the positive terminal and the ground terminal of each terminal block, that is, to isolate P+ and P-.

[0047] In some feasible implementations, the isolation module consists of at least one capacitor.

[0048] For example, refer to Figure 2 The isolation module can be composed of multiple series capacitors. C15 and C16 isolate P1+ and P-, while C17 and C18 isolate P2+ and P-.

[0049] The parallel protection circuit for battery cells provided in this application has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only intended to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A battery cell parallel protection circuit, characterized in that, include: Multiple battery cells are connected to each other at their negative terminals and to multiple terminal blocks; A sampling module is connected to the positive line of the battery cell and the terminal block, and is used to output a sampling signal; A switch module, which is connected to the positive line of the battery cell and the terminal block, is used to receive switch signals to turn on or off. A control module is connected to both the sampling module and the switching module, and is used to receive the sampling signal and output a switching signal for the sampling signal.

2. The battery cell parallel protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling module includes: Multiple branch sampling resistors are provided, each of which is connected to the positive terminal of each battery cell to collect the sampling signal of each battery cell. A combining sampling resistor is connected to the positive line after combining and is used to collect the combined sampling signal.

3. The cell parallel protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The switching signals include: branch switch signals and combiner switch signals; the switching module includes: Multiple branch switch units are provided, each branch switch unit is connected to the positive terminal of each battery cell, and the control terminal of each branch switch unit is connected to the control module for receiving branch switch signals to turn on or off. Multiple combining switch units are provided, each of which is connected to the positive terminal of the combined battery cell and each terminal block. The control terminal of each combining switch unit is connected to the control module and is used to receive combining switch signals to turn on or off.

4. The battery cell parallel protection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control module includes: Multiple branch control units are connected to the branch sampling resistor and the branch switch unit respectively, and are used to receive sampling signals and output branch switch signals; A combining control unit is connected to the combining sampling resistor and each of the combining switch units, and is used to receive sampling signals and output combining switch signals. A power meter is connected to the combining sampling resistor and the terminal block, respectively, and is used to collect the combined power and output it to the terminal block.

5. The cell parallel protection circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power supply terminal of the branch control unit is connected to the first terminal of each branch sampling resistor, and the detection terminal of the branch control unit is connected to the second terminal of each branch sampling resistor.

6. The battery cell parallel protection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power supply terminal of the combining control unit is connected to the first terminal of the combining sampling resistor, and the detection terminal of the combining control unit is connected to the second terminal of the combining sampling resistor.

7. The cell parallel protection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The circuit also includes: Multiple branch current-limiting resistors are provided, with the first end of each branch current-limiting resistor connected to the branch control unit and the second end of each branch current-limiting resistor connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell.

8. The battery cell parallel protection circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The circuit also includes: A current-limiting resistor is provided, with its first end connected to the current-limiting control unit and its second end connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell.

9. The cell parallel protection circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The circuit also includes: Multiple isolation modules are provided, each of which is connected to the positive terminal and the ground terminal of each terminal block.

10. The battery cell parallel protection circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The isolation module consists of at least one capacitor.

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