Permanent magnet speed regulator and power system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of permanent magnet coupling transmission, and discloses a permanent magnet speed regulator and a power system. The permanent magnet speed regulator comprises a base, a first rotor connected with a mechanical input, a second rotor connected with a mechanical output, the first rotor being coaxial with the second rotor and being rotationally connected with the second rotor, a first electromagnetic module comprising a first armature assembly and a first magnetic field assembly, a second electromagnetic module comprising a second armature assembly and a second magnetic field assembly, and a rotary converter arranged on the first rotor and electrically connected with the first armature assembly and the second armature assembly. The rotary converter is configured to control the current flowing through the first armature assembly and the second armature assembly, so as to adjust the rotating speed of the second rotor. The first electromagnetic module and the second electromagnetic module are integrated on the base and the rotor, and the rotary converter is used to control the current, so that the output rotating speed can be accurately controlled, constant power transmission is supported, and the energy utilization efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of permanent magnet coupling transmission technology, specifically to a permanent magnet speed regulator and power system. Background Technology

[0002] In modern industry, speed regulation of power systems is a widely recognized and highly effective energy-saving method. Hydraulic couplers, frequency converters, and permanent magnet eddy current speed controllers are widely used in the speed regulation of large rotating machinery. However, hydraulic couplers are prone to oil leakage and overheating. Frequency converters have high maintenance costs and significant harmonic pollution. Permanent magnet eddy current speed controllers generate a large amount of eddy current heat, thus limiting their speed regulation range, making heavy-load starting unsuitable, and most of the slip energy is lost as eddy current heat, resulting in unsatisfactory energy-saving effects.

[0003] In related technologies, some devices recover the slip energy generated by speed regulation and feed it back to the power grid. Although this improves energy efficiency, these devices become connected to the power grid, making their operation susceptible to the influence of the external power grid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a permanent magnet speed controller and power system to solve the problem that permanent magnet speed controllers in related technologies need to rely on the power grid to improve energy-saving effects.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a permanent magnet speed regulator, comprising: a base; a first rotor disposed on the base, the first rotor being configured to connect to a mechanical input; a second rotor disposed on the base, the second rotor being configured to connect to a mechanical output, the first rotor and the second rotor being coaxial and rotatably connected; a first electromagnetic module including a first armature assembly disposed on the first rotor and a first magnetic field assembly disposed on the second rotor; a second electromagnetic module including a second armature assembly disposed on the first rotor and a second magnetic field assembly disposed on the base; and a rotary converter disposed on the first rotor and electrically connected to the first armature assembly and the second armature assembly, the rotary converter being configured to control the current flowing through the first armature assembly and the second armature assembly to adjust the rotational speed of the second rotor output to the mechanical output.

[0006] Beneficial effects: A permanent magnet speed controller is provided, which integrates the first electromagnetic module and the second electromagnetic module on the frame and rotor, and uses a rotary converter to control the current to precisely control the output speed, support constant power transmission, and effectively improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0007] In one alternative embodiment, the rotary converter includes: a power converter configured to connect the first armature assembly and the second armature assembly, configured to switch the flow direction of current between the first armature assembly and the second armature assembly; and a controller connected to the power converter, configured to generate a drive signal based on the rotational speed of the first rotor and / or the rotational speed of the second rotor and output it to the power converter, so that the power converter regulates the current flowing through the first armature assembly and the second armature assembly.

[0008] Beneficial effects: The rotary converter can switch its operating state in real time according to the rotational speed of the first and second rotors, realizing bidirectional conversion between AC and DC power, thereby flexibly controlling the direction of energy flow, ensuring constant power output under different operating conditions, enhancing the system's adaptability and stability, and reducing harmonic pollution and maintenance costs.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the power converter includes: a first power module connected to the second armature assembly, which rectifies and converts the alternating current generated by the second armature assembly into direct current and outputs it, or inverts the input direct current into alternating current to supply the second armature assembly; and a second power module connected to the first armature assembly, configured to invert the input direct current into alternating current of the desired frequency and phase to supply the first armature assembly, or rectifies and converts the alternating current generated by the first armature assembly into direct current for output.

[0010] Beneficial effects: The first power module is responsible for rectifying the AC power generated by the second armature assembly into DC power, and the second power module is responsible for inverting the DC power into AC power to supply the first armature assembly. This establishes an efficient energy recovery and reuse path, enabling slip energy to be internally recycled, reducing energy loss, improving overall transmission efficiency, and supporting smooth torque transmission.

[0011] In one optional implementation, both the first power module and the second power module are three-phase full-bridge insulated-gate bipolar transistor modules.

[0012] Beneficial effects: This configuration achieves efficient energy conversion through full-function bidirectional control. Specifically, the IGBT module supports precise PWM rectification and inversion functions, allowing the controller to dynamically adjust the phase, frequency, and magnitude of the current based on the real-time speed difference, thereby maintaining constant power transmission under any operating conditions; this not only expands the speed range but also improves the overall system efficiency.

[0013] In one optional implementation, the first power module is a diode uncontrolled rectifier module, and the second power module is a three-phase full-bridge insulated-gate bipolar transistor module.

[0014] Beneficial effects: This combination significantly optimizes cost and performance when the input speed is always less than the output speed. The diode module simplifies the AC conversion generated by the second armature assembly through uncontrolled rectification, greatly reducing manufacturing costs and maintenance complexity, while the IGBT module maintains the inverter function, precisely outputting the required frequency and phase current to drive the first armature assembly, ensuring efficient internal circulation of glide energy in acceleration mode; this design is particularly suitable for stable operating conditions, improving the system's economy and reliability.

[0015] In one optional implementation, the first power module is a three-phase full-bridge insulated-gate bipolar transistor module, and the second power module is a diode uncontrolled rectifier module.

[0016] Beneficial effects: This configuration achieves efficient speed reduction control when the input speed is always greater than the output speed. The IGBT module precisely rectifies the AC power of the second armature assembly, supporting dynamic current adjustment to adapt to load changes. The diode module, as a simplified inverter unit, reduces the complexity of the control algorithm and harmonic pollution, especially in heavy-load start-up or speed-range-limited scenarios, reducing energy loss. This hardware optimization scheme retains the system's response flexibility while reducing overall cost through module replacement.

[0017] In one optional embodiment, the permanent magnet speed controller further includes: a carrier flange disposed within the base and fixedly connected to the first rotor, and the rotary converter fixed on the carrier flange.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Fixing the rotary converter to the first rotor via the carrier flange provides robust and reliable mechanical support, ensuring stable operation of the rotary converter in high-speed rotating environments, reducing vibration and displacement risks, enhancing the durability and safety of the equipment, and simplifying the assembly process for easier production and maintenance.

[0019] In one alternative implementation, both the first electromagnetic module and the second electromagnetic module are radial magnetic field structures.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The radial magnetic field structure design of the first and second electromagnetic modules provides a mature and low-cost magnetic field configuration scheme suitable for most industrial applications. It ensures good magnetic field distribution and torque transmission efficiency, reduces design and manufacturing complexity, and improves product reliability and availability.

[0021] In one alternative implementation, at least one of the first electromagnetic module and the second electromagnetic module is an axial magnetic field structure.

[0022] Beneficial effects: By adopting an axial magnetic field structure through the first or second electromagnetic module, the layout scheme is more compact, saving axial space and making it suitable for occasions with limited installation space. At the same time, it maintains efficient magnetic field coupling performance, enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the design, and meets diverse application needs.

[0023] In one alternative implementation, the first magnetic field component is a permanent magnet rotor or an induction squirrel cage rotor, and the second magnetic field component is a permanent magnet rotor.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The second magnetic field component is fixed as a permanent magnet, which ensures high power density and fast response of the auxiliary energy channel, providing a stable foundation for constant power regulation of the system; the two schemes of the first magnetic field component allow users to choose between a permanent magnet rotor that pursues high efficiency and high precision or an induction squirrel-cage rotor that is suitable for heavy-load start-up and frequent start-stop, which is conducive to broadening the application scenarios and control adaptability.

[0025] Secondly, this application provides a power system, including: a power device, a load device, and a permanent magnet speed regulator as described in the first aspect or any of the embodiments above, wherein the power device is connected to the first rotor, and the load device is connected to the second rotor. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet speed controller provided in the first embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet speed controller provided in the second embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet speed controller provided in the third embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power converter provided in the first embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the power converter provided in the second embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the power system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 1. Power system; 10. Permanent magnet speed controller; 20. Power equipment; 30. Load equipment; 100. Frame; 200. First rotor; 300. Second rotor; 400. First electromagnetic module; 410. First armature assembly; 420. First magnetic field assembly; 500. Second electromagnetic module; 510. Second armature assembly; 520. Second magnetic field assembly; 600. Rotary converter; 610. Power converter; 611. First power module; 612. Second power module; 620. Controller; 700. Carrier flange. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "inner," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0033] In related technologies, permanent magnet eddy current speed controllers generate a large amount of eddy current heat, resulting in a limited speed regulation range and inability to start under heavy loads. Most of the slip energy is lost as eddy current heat, leading to unsatisfactory energy-saving effects. While some of the slip energy generated during speed regulation can be recovered and fed back to the grid through permanent magnet eddy current speed controllers, improving energy efficiency, this creates a connection between these devices and the power grid, making their operation susceptible to external grid influences.

[0034] Reference Figure 1As shown, according to a first aspect of this application, a permanent magnet speed controller 10 is provided, including a base 100, a first rotor 200, a second rotor 300, a first electromagnetic module 400, a second electromagnetic module 500, and a rotary converter 600. The base 100 serves as the mechanical support for the entire device. Both the first rotor 200 and the second rotor 300 are mounted on the base 100. The first rotor 200 and the second rotor 300 are coaxial and rotatably connected. The first rotor 200 is configured to connect to a mechanical input, and the second rotor 300 is configured to connect to a mechanical output.

[0035] Specifically, the first electromagnetic module 400 includes a first armature assembly 410 disposed on the first rotor 200 and a first magnetic field assembly 420 disposed on the second rotor 300; the second electromagnetic module 500 includes a second armature assembly 510 disposed on the first rotor 200 and a second magnetic field assembly 520 disposed on the base 100; the rotary converter 600 is disposed on the first rotor 200 and electrically connected to the first armature assembly 410 and the second armature assembly 510; the rotary converter 600 is configured to control the current flowing through the first armature assembly 410 and the second armature assembly 510 to adjust the rotational speed of the second rotor 300 from output to mechanical output.

[0036] The above scheme integrates the first electromagnetic module 400 and the second electromagnetic module 500 on the base 100 and the rotor, and uses the rotary converter 600 to control the current to precisely control the output speed, support constant power transmission, and effectively improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0037] Furthermore, in some related technologies, carbon brush slip ring assemblies may be used to connect two sets of electromagnetic modules to achieve constant power speed regulation, ensuring that the electrical energy of the permanent magnet speed controller 10 itself is not related to the external power grid, thus providing good speed regulation independence. However, carbon brush slip ring assemblies are a potential point of failure in electrical equipment, reducing its reliability. Moreover, their use is not permitted in special environments such as explosion-proof locations. Compared to these related technologies, the technical solution of this application integrates the first electromagnetic module 400 and the second electromagnetic module 500 onto the base 100 and the rotor, and utilizes a rotary converter 600 to control the current, achieving a carbon brushless slip ring design. This completely eliminates the failure point and reliability issues caused by carbon brush slip rings, while avoiding the limitations of using carbon brush slip rings in special environments such as explosion-proof locations, thus improving the applicability and safety of the equipment.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the permanent magnet speed controller 10 further includes a carrier flange 700, which is disposed within the base 100 and fixedly connected to the first rotor 200, and the rotary converter 600 is fixed to the carrier flange 700. Fixing the rotary converter 600 to the first rotor 200 via the carrier flange 700 provides robust and reliable mechanical support, ensuring stable operation of the rotary converter 600 in a high-speed rotating environment, reducing vibration and displacement risks, enhancing the durability and safety of the equipment, and simplifying the assembly process for easier production and maintenance.

[0039] In these embodiments, reference is made to Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the permanent magnet speed controller 10, both the first electromagnetic module 400 and the second electromagnetic module 500 have radial magnetic field structures. Specifically, the base 100 has a first end face, a second end face, and a side wall; the first rotor 200 has a support structure; the first armature assembly 410 is disposed inside the support of the first rotor 200; the first magnetic field assembly 420 is disposed on the second rotor 300 and also located within the support; the second armature assembly 510 is disposed on the outside of the support of the first rotor 200 at a position corresponding to the first armature assembly 410; and the second magnetic field assembly 520 is disposed on the inner wall surface of the side wall of the base 100 at a position corresponding to the second armature assembly 510. The radial magnetic field structure design of the first electromagnetic module 400 and the second electromagnetic module 500 provides a mature and low-cost magnetic field configuration scheme suitable for most industrial applications. It ensures good magnetic field distribution and torque transmission efficiency, reduces design and manufacturing complexity, and improves product reliability and marketability.

[0040] Furthermore, in some optional embodiments, at least one of the first electromagnetic module 400 and the second electromagnetic module 500 is an axial magnetic field structure. In these embodiments, adopting an axial magnetic field structure in the first electromagnetic module 400 or the second electromagnetic module 500 results in a more compact layout, saves axial space, is suitable for applications with limited installation space, while maintaining efficient magnetic field coupling performance, enhancing design flexibility and adaptability, and meeting diverse application requirements.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 As shown, in another embodiment of the permanent magnet speed controller 10, the first electromagnetic module 400 has a radial magnetic field structure, and the second electromagnetic module 500 has an axial magnetic field structure. The first armature assembly 410 is disposed inside the support of the first rotor 200, the first magnetic field assembly 420 is disposed on the second rotor 300 and is also located inside the support, the second armature assembly 510 is disposed on the carrier flange 700 near the end face of the base 100, and the second magnetic field assembly 520 is disposed inside the end face of the base 100 and corresponds to the position of the second armature assembly 510.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in another embodiment of the permanent magnet speed controller 10, both the first electromagnetic module 400 and the second electromagnetic module 500 are axial magnetic field structures. In this case, the end connecting the first rotor 200 and the second rotor 300 can be configured as a flange-like structure, and the end connecting the second rotor 300 and the first rotor 200 can also be configured as a flange-like structure, with a gap between the flange structures of the first rotor 200 and the second rotor 300. The first armature assembly 410 is disposed on the side of the flange structure of the first rotor 200 near the second rotor 300, and the first magnetic field assembly 420 is disposed on the side of the flange structure of the second rotor 300 near the first rotor 200, with the positions of the first armature assembly 410 and the first magnetic field assembly 420 corresponding. The second armature assembly 510 is disposed on the side of the carrier flange 700 near the end face of the base 100, and the second magnetic field assembly 520 is disposed inside the end face of the base 100, corresponding to the position of the second armature assembly 510.

[0043] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the rotary converter 600 includes a power converter 610 and a controller 620. The power converter 610 is connected to a first armature assembly 410 and a second armature assembly 510 and is configured to switch the flow direction of current between the first armature assembly 410 and the second armature assembly 510. The controller 620 is connected to the power converter 610 and is configured to generate a drive signal based on the rotational speed of the first rotor 200 and / or the rotational speed of the second rotor 300 and output it to the power converter 610, so that the power converter 610 regulates the current flowing through the first armature assembly 410 and the second armature assembly 510.

[0044] It should be noted that the controller 620 can achieve software-free control using all-electronic circuitry, specifically including a speed processing unit, a current generation unit, and a pulse signal output unit. In the speed processing unit, the original speed pulse signals of the first rotor 200 and the second rotor 300 are directly acquired via Hall effect sensors, with frequencies of [missing information]. f 1 and f 2. The speed difference Δ is then calculated in real time by a digital logic circuit composed of a counter chip. f =∣ f 2 f 1 |, for use in calculating electrical frequency f e1 In the current generation unit, a voltage-controlled constant current source chip can be used to convert the speed difference into a current reference. I ref The system's rated parameters, including the system's rated power P, are preset using a precision resistor network. N and the rated speed n at the input terminal 1NIn the pulse signal output unit, a phase-locked loop chip can be used to output the pulse of the second rotor. f Based on 2, generate synchronous generators with a frequency of 2. f e1 The PWM waveform is generated and the PWM waveform signal directly drives the power converter 610 through the power amplifier circuit.

[0045] In these embodiments, the rotary converter 600 can switch its operating state in real time according to the rotational speed of the first rotor 200 and the second rotor 300, realizing bidirectional conversion between AC and DC power inside the power converter 610, thereby flexibly controlling the direction of energy flow, ensuring constant power output under different operating conditions, enhancing the system's adaptability and stability, and reducing harmonic pollution and maintenance costs.

[0046] More specifically, refer to Figure 4 As shown, the power converter 610 includes a first power module 611 and a second power module 612. The first power module 611 is connected to the second armature assembly 510, and the second power module 612 is connected to the first armature assembly 510. The first power module 611 is configured to rectify and convert the alternating current (AC) generated by the relative motion between the second armature assembly 510 and the second magnetic field assembly 520 into direct current (DC) for output, or to invert the DC input to the first power module 611 into AC to supply the second armature assembly 510. The second power module 612 is configured to invert the DC input to the second power module 612 into AC with the required frequency and phase, and supply it to the first armature assembly 410 to drive the first magnetic field assembly 420 and the second rotor 300 to rotate; or, under the control of the controller 620, the second power module 612 is configured to rectify and convert the AC generated by the first armature assembly 410 into DC for output. Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the power converter 610 mainly includes two sets of three-phase full-bridge IGBT modules and a corresponding controller 620. The power converter 610 is fixed on the carrier flange 700 and rotates together with the rotor.

[0047] Through the above scheme, in some scenarios, the first power module 611 is responsible for rectifying the AC power generated by the second armature assembly 510 into DC power, and the second power module 612 is responsible for inverting the DC power into AC power to supply the first armature assembly 410, thereby establishing an efficient energy recovery and reuse path, enabling slip energy to be internally recycled, reducing energy loss, improving overall transmission efficiency, and supporting smooth torque transmission.

[0048] Reference Figure 4As shown, in some optional embodiments of this application, both the first power module and the second power module are three-phase full-bridge insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) modules. This configuration achieves efficient energy conversion through full-function bidirectional control. Specifically, the IGBT module supports precise PWM rectification and inversion functions, allowing the controller to dynamically adjust the phase, frequency, and magnitude of the current according to the real-time speed difference, thereby maintaining constant power transmission under any operating condition; this not only expands the speed regulation range but also improves the overall system efficiency.

[0049] Reference Figure 5 As shown, optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the first power module is a diode uncontrolled rectifier module, and the second power module is a three-phase full-bridge insulated-gate bipolar transistor module. This combination significantly optimizes cost and performance when the input speed is always less than the output speed. The diode module simplifies the AC conversion generated by the second armature assembly through uncontrolled rectification, greatly reducing manufacturing costs and maintenance complexity, while the IGBT module maintains the inverter function, accurately outputting current with the required frequency and phase to drive the first armature assembly, ensuring efficient internal circulation of glide energy in acceleration mode; this design is particularly suitable for stable operating conditions, improving the system's economy and reliability.

[0050] Reference Figure 5 As shown, optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the first power module is a three-phase full-bridge insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) module, and the second power module is a diode uncontrolled rectifier module. This configuration achieves efficient speed reduction control when the input speed is always greater than the output speed. The IGBT module precisely rectifies the AC power of the second armature assembly, supporting dynamic current adjustment to adapt to load changes, while the diode module, as a simplified inverter unit, reduces the complexity of the control algorithm and harmonic pollution, especially in heavy-load starting or speed-limited scenarios, reducing energy loss. This hardware optimization scheme retains the system's response flexibility while reducing overall cost through module replacement.

[0051] Based on the above embodiments, the controller 620 is configured to: acquire the rotational speed of the first rotor 200 and the rotational speed of the second rotor 300; calculate the magnitude, phase, and frequency of the current required by the first armature assembly 410 or the second armature assembly 520 based on the rotational speed of the first rotor 200, the rotational speed of the second rotor 300, the rated input speed of the mechanical input, and the rated power of the permanent magnet speed controller 10; and control the power converter 610 to output a current that meets the requirements of magnitude, phase, and frequency to the first armature assembly 410 or the second armature assembly 520. By acquiring the rotational speeds of the first rotor 200 and the second rotor 300 in real time and calculating the current parameters required by the first armature assembly 410 based on the rated input speed and rated power, precise control of the current magnitude, phase, and frequency is achieved, ensuring constant power output under different input speeds, optimizing the energy conversion process, improving the dynamic response capability and operating efficiency of the system, and reducing dependence on the external power grid.

[0052] Based on this, in some embodiments of this application, the controller 620 is configured to: control the second electromagnetic module 500 to operate in power generation mode when the rotational speed of the first rotor 200 is less than the rotational speed of the second rotor 300, and supply the electrical energy generated by the second electromagnetic module 500 to the first armature assembly 410 through the power converter 610. When it is detected that the rotational speed of the first rotor 200 is less than the rotational speed of the second rotor 300, the second electromagnetic module 500 is controlled to operate in power generation mode, and the generated electrical energy is supplied to the first armature assembly 410 through the power converter 610. This achieves immediate recovery and internal utilization of slip differential energy, reduces energy waste, and significantly improves energy efficiency, especially under low-speed slip differential conditions, enhancing the system's economy and environmental friendliness.

[0053] Furthermore, in some embodiments of this application, the first magnetic field component 420 can be a permanent magnet rotor or an induction squirrel-cage rotor, while the second magnetic field component 520 is a permanent magnet rotor. The second magnetic field component 520 is fixed as a permanent magnet, ensuring high power density and fast response of the auxiliary energy channel, providing a stable foundation for constant power regulation of the system. The two options for the first magnetic field component 420 allow users to choose between a permanent magnet rotor for high efficiency and precision or an induction squirrel-cage rotor suitable for heavy-load starts and frequent starts and stops, which helps to broaden application scenarios and control adaptability.

[0054] Based on the above embodiments, the working logic of the permanent magnet speed regulator of this application is described below, taking n1 as the mechanical input and the first magnetic field component 420 as the permanent magnet rotor. The mechanical input speed is n1 and power is P1, and the mechanical output speed is n2 and power is P2. Ignoring transmission losses, P2 = P1. Taking wind power generation as an example: Assume the mechanical input is a wind turbine and the mechanical output is a generator. The input speed n1 varies with wind force, while the output speed n2 is required to be constant. The rated power of the system is P. N The rated speed at the input terminal is n 1N .

[0055] Let the torque of the first electromagnetic module be T. e1 The armature-side power is P e1 The torque of the second electromagnetic module is T. e2 Power P e2 Clearly, the rotational speeds of both the first and second armature components are equal to the input speed n1, and the rotational speed of the first magnetic field component is equal to the output speed n2. Since forces act in pairs, the electromagnetic torques experienced by the first armature component and the first magnetic field component of the first electromagnetic module are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. Their rotational speeds are n1 and n2, respectively, where n1 ≠ n2. The mechanical power P = T·n / 9549, therefore their power is not equal, and the power difference is denoted as ΔP.

[0056] The wind turbine exhibits a square torque characteristic, meaning its output power is proportional to the cube of its rotational speed. Therefore, the real-time input power of the permanent magnet speed controller is: ; And because P 2= P 1. Therefore, we can obtain:

[0057] For the first armature assembly of the first electromagnetic module, T e1 =T2, then we can get:

[0058] Furthermore, the electromagnetic torque can be obtained:

[0059] It should be noted that in the above formula, the suffix e1 indicates the first electromagnetic module, and Pn is the number of pole pairs of the generator. f e1 The point frequency of the electromagnetic component. Ψ f is the flux linkage coefficient of the motor (a parameter determined during the motor design phase). For direct-drive generators, the generating frequency must be equal to the grid frequency of 50Hz. The electrical frequency can be obtained through formula ④, and then the current magnitude can be obtained through formula ⑤.

[0060] For the aforementioned wind power generation system, n² is known and constant (determined by the grid frequency and the number of generator pole pairs), n 1NThis was determined at the initial design stage; n1 is the real-time rotational speed of the wind turbine, which can be calculated using a speed sensor or the real-time electrical frequency of the second electromagnetic module. Therefore, the power difference ΔP can be determined. Let the power difference ΔP be related to the rated power P. N The ratio is K p Input rated speed n 1N The ratio of the constant output speed n2 to K is n Therefore, we have: , This equation has only one variable, n1, making it easy to find its extreme values.

[0061] For example: designing the rated input n 1N =875rpm, output n2=1000rpm, rated power P N =6000kW, at this time K p The maximum value of 15.74% is found when n1 = 750 rpm, and ΔP = K. p *P N =944.6kW. ΔP is the design basis for the second electromagnetic module and the rotating converter. During system operation, the second electromagnetic module operates in generator mode. The rotating converter receives electrical energy from the second electromagnetic module and automatically calculates the input speed n1 based on its electrical frequency. From n1, P2, T2, Δn, and f can be calculated. e1 I e1 The inverter module of the converter can then output the required current in terms of magnitude, phase, and frequency to the first electromagnetic module according to the calculation results.

[0062] It should be noted that the above working principle is based on the premise that n1 < n2 and n2 is constant. In practice, n1 ≥ n2, or n1 is constant and n2 is adjusted according to load demand. This design and control logic will not be elaborated further.

[0063] In the above embodiments, formula ⑤ is illustrated using a permanent magnet flux linkage as an example. In some embodiments, the first magnetic field component is replaced with an induction squirrel-cage rotor, and the formula can also be derived using the electromagnetic torque formula of an induction motor. Specifically, the second electromagnetic module operates in a power generation state, and the generated electricity is processed by the rotary converter 600 before being output to the first electromagnetic module. At this time, the first electromagnetic module is a motor. The rotary converter 600 can drive a permanent magnet motor or an induction motor. The following is the torque formula for an asynchronous motor:

[0064] Where m is the number of phases, such as three-phase; ω 1 represents the synchronous mechanical speed; R 1. R 2. X 1σ ,X 2σ These are the stator and rotor resistances and inductive reactance of the motor, respectively, both of which are fixed parameters; c These are coefficients, and also definite parameters; s It is the slip ratio, which is directly related to the rotor speed and can be controlled by a rotary converter; U 1 is the stator voltage, which can also be controlled by a rotating converter.

[0065] Reference Figure 6 As shown, according to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a power system is also provided, including a power device, a load device, and a permanent magnet speed regulator of any of the foregoing embodiments. The power device is connected to a first rotor, and the load device is connected to a second rotor. This power system connects the power device and the load device through the aforementioned permanent magnet speed regulator, realizing the function of driving the load device via the power grid or driving the load device via the power device. This allows the load device to operate smoothly even when decoupled from the power grid, reducing the impact of external power grid fluctuations on the load device. Furthermore, this power system can also achieve all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned permanent magnet speed regulator, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0066] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet speed regulator, characterized in that, include: Base; A first rotor is mounted on the base, and the first rotor is configured to connect to a mechanical input; A second rotor is mounted on the base and is configured to connect to a mechanical output. The first rotor and the second rotor are coaxial and rotatably connected. The first electromagnetic module includes a first armature assembly disposed on the first rotor and a first magnetic field assembly disposed on the second rotor; The second electromagnetic module includes a second armature assembly disposed on the first rotor and a second magnetic field assembly disposed on the frame; A rotary converter is disposed on the first rotor and electrically connected to the first armature assembly and the second armature assembly. The rotary converter is configured to control the current flowing through the first armature assembly and the second armature assembly to adjust the rotational speed of the second rotor output to the mechanical output.

2. The permanent magnet speed regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary converter includes: A power converter, connecting the first armature assembly and the second armature assembly, configured to switch the direction of current flow between the first armature assembly and the second armature assembly; A controller, connected to the power converter, is configured to generate a drive signal and output it to the power converter based on the rotational speed of the first rotor and / or the rotational speed of the second rotor, so that the power converter regulates the current flowing through the first armature assembly and the second armature assembly.

3. The permanent magnet speed regulator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power converter includes: A first power module is connected to the second armature assembly and is configured to rectify the AC power generated by the second armature assembly into DC power and output it, or to invert the input DC power into AC power to supply the second armature assembly. The second power module is connected to the first armature assembly and is configured to invert the input DC power into AC power of the required frequency and phase to supply the first armature assembly, or to rectify the AC power generated by the first armature assembly into DC power for output.

4. The permanent magnet speed regulator according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first power module and the second power module are three-phase full-bridge insulated-gate bipolar transistor modules.

5. The permanent magnet speed regulator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first power module is a diode uncontrolled rectifier module, and the second power module is a three-phase full-bridge insulated-gate bipolar transistor module.

6. The permanent magnet speed regulator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first power module is a three-phase full-bridge insulated-gate bipolar transistor module, and the second power module is a diode uncontrolled rectifier module.

7. The permanent magnet speed regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The permanent magnet speed controller also includes: A carrier flange is disposed within the base and fixedly connected to the first rotor, and the rotary converter is fixed on the carrier flange.

8. The permanent magnet speed regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Both the first electromagnetic module and the second electromagnetic module are radial magnetic field structures.

9. The permanent magnet speed regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, At least one of the first electromagnetic module and the second electromagnetic module is an axial magnetic field structure.

10. The permanent magnet speed regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first magnetic field component is a permanent magnet rotor or an induction squirrel cage rotor, and the second magnetic field component is a permanent magnet rotor.

11. A power system, characterized in that, include: The power equipment, the load equipment, and the permanent magnet speed regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the power equipment is connected to the first rotor, and the load equipment is connected to the second rotor.

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