A low power consumption switching circuit based on high level effective

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of low-power consumption switch circuit based on high level validity, including battery module, SW button, battery switch circuit, MCU micro control unit and post stage power supply circuit;The power output end of the battery module is electrically connected with the input end of battery switch circuit, the output end of battery switch circuit is electrically connected with the input end of post stage power supply circuit, and the output end of post stage power supply circuit is electrically connected with the power end of MCU micro control unit;The power output end of the battery module is electrically connected with the first control end of battery switch circuit by SW button, and the control end of MCU micro control unit is electrically connected with the second control end of battery switch circuit, and the signal end of the battery switch circuit is electrically connected with the signal receiving end of MCU micro control unit;The closure and disconnection of battery switch circuit are respectively controlled by SW button and MCU micro control unit, and the low-power consumption switch function is realized;The stability and flexibility of low-power consumption switch circuit are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to switching circuits, and more particularly to a low-power switching circuit based on high-level active. Background Technology

[0002] Battery pack switching circuits typically use power transistors to turn the circuit on and off. Because the circuit structure of the battery pack switching circuit contains high-voltage components, it is necessary to maintain the power consumption of some high-voltage components in the electronic switching circuit; or some switching circuits require the battery pack to provide a high level in the power-off state to maintain the switching circuit off, but this greatly increases the power consumption of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the power consumption of the system, but the circuit structure design of the power reduction circuit is generally too complex, making the cost of the switching circuit too high. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a low-power switching circuit based on high-level active, which realizes the power-on process of hardware startup and software maintenance through the combination of SW button and MCU microcontroller unit, thereby improving the stability and flexibility of low-power switching circuit.

[0004] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a low-power switching circuit based on high-level active power, comprising a battery pack module, an SW button, a battery switch circuit, an MCU microcontroller unit, and a subsequent power supply circuit. The power output terminal of the battery pack module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the battery switch circuit, the output terminal of the battery switch circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the subsequent power supply circuit, and the output terminal of the subsequent power supply circuit is electrically connected to the power supply terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit. The power output terminal of the battery pack module is electrically connected to the first control terminal of the battery switch circuit via the SW button, the control terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit is electrically connected to the second control terminal of the battery switch circuit, and the signal terminal of the battery switch circuit is electrically connected to the signal receiving terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit. The combination of the SW button and the MCU microcontroller unit controls the opening and closing of the battery switch circuit, thereby achieving a low-power switching function.

[0005] Furthermore, the battery switching circuit includes a first control circuit, a second control circuit, and a main switch circuit; the input terminal of the first control circuit serves as the first control terminal of the battery switching circuit, the input terminal of the second control circuit serves as the second control terminal of the battery switching circuit, the output terminals of the first and second control circuits are both electrically connected to one input terminal of the main switch circuit, the other input terminal of the main switch circuit serves as the input terminal of the battery switching circuit, and the output terminal of the main switch circuit serves as the output terminal of the battery switching circuit.

[0006] Furthermore, the first control circuit includes a Q3 transistor, a D2 diode, and a D3 diode; the anode of the D2 diode is electrically connected to one end of the SW button via component BZ1, and the other end of the SW button is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the battery module; the cathode of the D2 diode is electrically connected to the anode of the D3 diode via resistor R4, the cathode of the D3 diode is electrically connected to the base of the Q3 transistor, and the cathode of the D3 diode is electrically connected to the emitter of the Q3 transistor via resistor R6; the collector of the Q3 transistor serves as the output terminal of the first control circuit.

[0007] Furthermore, the second control circuit includes a Q2 transistor, a R1 resistor, and a D1 diode; one end of the R1 resistor is electrically connected to the control terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit (5), the other end of the R1 resistor is electrically connected to the anode of the D1 diode, the cathode of the D1 diode is electrically connected to the base of the Q2 transistor, and the cathode of the D1 diode is electrically connected to the emitter of the Q2 transistor through the R2 resistor; the collector of the Q2 transistor serves as the output terminal of the second control circuit.

[0008] Furthermore, the main switching circuit includes a Q1 control power switch, a resistor R3, and a resistor R5; one end of the resistor R5 serves as an input terminal of the main switching circuit, electrically connected to the output terminals of the first control circuit and the second control circuit, respectively, and the other end of the resistor R5 is electrically connected to the G terminal of the Q1 control power switch; the three S terminals of the Q1 control power switch all serve as another input terminal of the main switching circuit, electrically connected to the power output terminal of the battery module; and the other input terminal of the main switching circuit is electrically connected to the G terminal of the Q1 control power switch through the resistor R3; the four D terminals of the Q1 control power switch all serve as output terminals of the main switching circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, the first control circuit also includes a resistor R7 and a filter circuit; one end of the resistor R7 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the diode D2, and the other end of the resistor R7 is electrically connected to the signal receiving terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit through the filter circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the filter circuit includes a D4 diode, a C1 capacitor, and an R8 resistor; the negative terminal of the D4 diode, one end of the C1 capacitor, and one end of the R8 resistor are all electrically connected to the other end of the R7 resistor, and the positive terminal of the D4 diode, the other end of the C1 capacitor, and the other end of the R8 resistor are all grounded.

[0011] Beneficial Effects: This utility model discloses a low-power switching circuit based on a high-level active circuit. In the power-off state, Q1 control power switch, Q2 transistor, and Q3 transistor are all in the off state. Only a tiny zero-gate voltage leakage current exists between the battery module and the downstream load in the Q1 control power switch, which can be functionally considered as a completely open circuit. Therefore, the static power consumption of the system is negligible, achieving low standby power consumption. The initial power-on of the system is entirely completed by hardware, without relying on a potentially uninitialized MCU microcontroller unit. This ensures that the MCU microcontroller unit can be powered on at the most basic hardware level. After the MCU microcontroller unit is initialized, it takes over the power supply maintenance task through software control, continuously outputting a high-level control to keep Q2 transistor conducting, thereby maintaining the conducting state of Q1 control power switch, ensuring stable and reliable power supply. The combination of hardware startup and software maintenance makes the power-on and power-off process both reliable and flexible. The circuit structure is simple, maintaining system stability. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a low-power switching circuit based on a high-level active signal. Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a low-power switching circuit based on a high-level active circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, a low-power switching circuit based on high-level active power supply includes a battery module 1, an SW button 2, a battery switch circuit 3, an MCU microcontroller unit 5, and a subsequent power supply circuit 4. The power output terminal of the battery module 1 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the battery switch circuit 3, the output terminal of the battery switch circuit 3 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the subsequent power supply circuit 4, and the output terminal of the subsequent power supply circuit 4 is electrically connected to the power supply terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit 5. The power output terminal of the battery module 1 is electrically connected to the first control terminal of the battery switch circuit 3 via the SW button 2, the control terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit 5 is electrically connected to the second control terminal of the battery switch circuit 3, and the signal terminal of the battery switch circuit 3 is electrically connected to the signal receiving terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit 5. The combination of the SW button 2 and the MCU microcontroller unit 5 controls the opening and closing of the battery switch circuit 3, realizing a low-power switching function. The SW button is used to control the conduction and cutoff of the Q3 transistor and simultaneously provides control status to the MCU microcontroller unit.

[0015] like Figure 2As shown, the battery switch circuit 3 includes a first control circuit, a second control circuit, and a main switch circuit; the input terminal of the first control circuit serves as the first control terminal of the battery switch circuit 3, the input terminal of the second control circuit serves as the second control terminal of the battery switch circuit 3, the output terminals of the first and second control circuits are both electrically connected to one input terminal of the main switch circuit, the other input terminal of the main switch circuit serves as the input terminal of the battery switch circuit 3, and the output terminal of the main switch circuit serves as the output terminal of the battery switch circuit 3.

[0016] like Figure 2 As shown, the first control circuit includes a Q3 transistor, a D2 diode, and a D3 diode. The anode of the D2 diode serves as the input terminal of the first control circuit. The anode of the D2 diode is electrically connected to one end of the SW button 2 via a BZ1 component. The other end of the SW button 2 is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the battery module 1. The cathode of the D2 diode is electrically connected to the anode of the D3 diode via a R4 resistor. The cathode of the D3 diode is electrically connected to the base of the Q3 transistor. The cathode of the D3 diode is electrically connected to the emitter of the Q3 transistor via a R6 resistor. The emitter of the Q3 transistor is grounded. The collector of the Q3 transistor serves as the output terminal of the first control circuit. Both the D2 and D3 diodes are used to prevent reverse current flow in transient states. The BZ1 component is used to eliminate the jitter generated when the SW button 2 is activated. The BZ1 component is a ferrite bead component, and its function is to suppress the high-frequency noise generated by voltage jitter when the SW button is activated, and to dissipate the interference signal in the form of heat.

[0017] like Figure 2 As shown, the second control circuit includes a Q2 transistor, a resistor R1, and a D1 diode. One end of the resistor R1 serves as the input terminal of the second control circuit, and the other end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit 5. The other end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the anode of the D1 diode, the cathode of the D1 diode is electrically connected to the base of the Q2 transistor, and the cathode of the D1 diode is electrically connected to the emitter of the Q2 transistor through the resistor R2. The emitter of the Q2 transistor is grounded. The collector of the Q2 transistor serves as the output terminal of the second control circuit. The D1 diodes are all designed to prevent reverse current flow during transient states.

[0018] like Figure 2As shown, the main switching circuit includes a Q1 control power switch, resistors R3 and R5. One end of resistor R5 serves as an input terminal of the main switching circuit, electrically connected to the output terminals of the first and second control circuits, respectively. The other end of resistor R5 is electrically connected to the gate (G) terminal of the Q1 control power switch. The three source (S) terminals of the Q1 control power switch all serve as another input terminal of the main switching circuit, electrically connected to the power output terminal of battery module 1. The other input terminal of the main switching circuit is electrically connected to the gate (G) terminal of the Q1 control power switch via resistor R3. The four drain (D) terminals of the Q1 control power switch all serve as output terminals of the main switching circuit. Transistors Q3 and Q2 can control the on / off state of the Q1 control power switch.

[0019] The Q1 control power switch can be a P-type MOSFET. The G terminal of the Q1 control power switch is the gate of the MOSFET, the three S terminals of the Q1 control power switch are the sources of the MOSFET, and the four D terminals of the Q1 control power switch are the drains of the MOSFET. When the low-power switching circuit is in the power-off state, there is only a zero gate voltage leakage current of ≤1μA between the battery pack module and the subsequent power supply circuit. According to the datasheet, the zero gate voltage leakage current is ≤1μA. Therefore, the system enters an extremely low-power state, realizing the low-power switching function.

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown, the first control circuit also includes a resistor R7 and a filter circuit. One end of the resistor R7 is electrically connected to the cathode of the diode D2, and the other end of the resistor R7 is electrically connected to the signal receiving terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit 5 through the filter circuit. The filter circuit includes a diode D4, a capacitor C1, and a resistor R8. The cathode of the diode D4, one end of the capacitor C1, and one end of the resistor R8 are all electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R7, and the anode of the diode D4, the other end of the capacitor C1, and the other end of the resistor R8 are all grounded. The diode D4 acts as a Zener diode to maintain the amplitude of the control state signal and protect the MCU microcontroller unit; the capacitor C1 is used to filter the input voltage of the MCU microcontroller unit.

[0021] In the initial state, since no high level is provided to the base of transistors Q2 and Q3, transistors Q2 and Q3 are turned off. The power output terminal VBAT+ of the battery module cannot form a circuit with resistors R3 and R5. At this time, Q1 controls the power switch to turn off, the battery cannot supply power to the subsequent power supply circuit, and consequently the subsequent power supply circuit cannot supply power to other subsequent circuits and the MCU microcontroller unit.

[0022] During power-on, when the SW button is pressed while the power is off, the battery module's power output terminal VBAT+ inputs a high level to the base of transistor Q3 through the SW button, causing transistor Q3 to conduct. This forms a closed loop: VBAT+ → resistor R3 → resistor R5 → transistor Q3 → ground GND. At this time, the power switch controlled by Q1 meets the conduction condition and is turned on. The battery module's power output terminal VBAT+ then supplies power to the subsequent power supply circuit through Q1, which in turn supplies power to other subsequent circuits and the MCU microcontroller unit. After receiving power, the MCU microcontroller unit completes its initialization. Simultaneously, because the SW button is pressed, the high level output from the battery module's power output terminal is input to the MCU microcontroller unit's signal receiving terminal through component BZ1, diode D2, resistor R7, and the filter circuit, forming a closed loop: VBAT+ → component BZ1 → diode D2 → resistor R7 → D4 / C1 / R8 → ground GND. This loop transmits the switch status signal P_Key_ON to the initialized MCU microcontroller unit. At this time, after receiving the switch status signal P_Key_ON, the MCU microcontroller unit determines it as a power-on signal. The control terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit outputs a high level P_power off to the base of transistor Q2, causing transistor Q2 to conduct. This forms a loop VBAT+→R3 resistor→R5 resistor→Q2 transistor→GND, replacing the original loop VBAT+→R3 resistor→R5 resistor→Q3 transistor→GND. This keeps the power switch controlled by Q1 conducting. Even after the SW button is turned off, the power switch controlled by Q1 remains conducting, thus providing normal power to the system. At this time, the low-power switching circuit is in the powered-on state.

[0023] When Q1 controls the power switch, which is a P-type MOSFET, and forms a loop of VBAT+ → R3 resistor → R5 resistor → Q3 transistor → ground GNDA and is turned on, the R3 and R5 resistors are used to divide the voltage so that the Vgs voltage of the Q1 control power switch is less than 0V, thereby turning on the Q1 control power switch.

[0024] During power-off, pressing the SW button while powered on causes the high-level output from the battery module's power output terminal to be transmitted to the signal receiver of the MCU microcontroller via component BZ1, diode D2, resistor R7, and the filter circuit. This forms a closed loop: VBAT+ → component BZ1 → diode D2 → resistor R7 → D4 / C1 / R8 → ground (GND), transmitting the switch status signal P_Key_OFF to the normally functioning MCU microcontroller. Upon receiving the switch status signal P_Key_OFF, the MCU microcontroller interprets it as a power-off signal and converts the high-level P_power off output to a low-level P_power off output to the base of transistor Q2, causing Q2 to turn off. When the SW button is released, both transistors Q2 and Q3 turn off, causing the power switch controlled by Q1 to turn off. The battery module's power output terminal VBAT+ can no longer supply power to the subsequent power supply circuit via Q1, thus preventing the subsequent power supply circuit from supplying power to other circuits and the MCU microcontroller. At this time, the low-power switching circuit is in a power-off state.

[0025] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make several modifications and optimizations based on the above disclosure without departing from the basic principles described above. These modifications and optimizations should be considered as the scope of protection of the present utility model as understood.

Claims

1. A low-power switching circuit based on high-level active signal, characterized in that: The system includes a battery module (1), an SW button (2), a battery switch circuit (3), an MCU microcontroller unit (5), and a power supply circuit (4). The power output terminal of the battery module (1) is electrically connected to the input terminal of the battery switch circuit (3), the output terminal of the battery switch circuit (3) is electrically connected to the input terminal of the power supply circuit (4), and the output terminal of the power supply circuit (4) is electrically connected to the power terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit (5). The power output terminal of the battery module (1) is electrically connected to the first control terminal of the battery switch circuit (3) via the SW button (2), the control terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit (5) is electrically connected to the second control terminal of the battery switch circuit (3), and the signal terminal of the battery switch circuit (3) is electrically connected to the signal receiving terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit (5). The SW button (2) and the MCU microcontroller unit (5) are used to control the opening and closing of the battery switch circuit (3) to achieve a low-power switching function.

2. The low-power switching circuit based on high-level active voltage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The battery switch circuit (3) includes a first control circuit, a second control circuit, and a main switch circuit. The input terminal of the first control circuit serves as the first control terminal of the battery switch circuit (3), the input terminal of the second control circuit serves as the second control terminal of the battery switch circuit (3), the output terminals of the first control circuit and the second control circuit are electrically connected to one input terminal of the main switch circuit, the other input terminal of the main switch circuit serves as the input terminal of the battery switch circuit (3), and the output terminal of the main switch circuit serves as the output terminal of the battery switch circuit (3).

3. A low-power switching circuit based on high-level active voltage as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The first control circuit includes a Q3 transistor, a D2 diode, and a D3 diode; the anode of the D2 diode is electrically connected to one end of the SW button (2) through the BZ1 component, and the other end of the SW button (2) is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the battery module (1); the cathode of the D2 diode is electrically connected to the anode of the D3 diode through the R4 resistor, the cathode of the D3 diode is electrically connected to the base of the Q3 transistor, and the cathode of the D3 diode is electrically connected to the emitter of the Q3 transistor through the R6 resistor; the collector of the Q3 transistor serves as the output terminal of the first control circuit.

4. A low-power switching circuit based on high-level active voltage as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The second control circuit includes a Q2 transistor, a R1 resistor, and a D1 diode; one end of the R1 resistor is electrically connected to the control terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit (5), the other end of the R1 resistor is electrically connected to the anode of the D1 diode, the cathode of the D1 diode is electrically connected to the base of the Q2 transistor, and the cathode of the D1 diode is electrically connected to the emitter of the Q2 transistor through the R2 resistor; the collector of the Q2 transistor serves as the output terminal of the second control circuit.

5. A low-power switching circuit based on high-level active operation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main switch circuit includes a Q1 control power switch, a resistor R3, and a resistor R5. One end of the R5 resistor serves as an input terminal of the main switch circuit, which is electrically connected to the output terminals of the first control circuit and the second control circuit, respectively. The other end of the R5 resistor is electrically connected to the G terminal of the Q1 control power switch. The three S terminals of the Q1 control power switch serve as another input terminal of the main switch circuit, which is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the battery module (1). The other input terminal of the main switch circuit is electrically connected to the G terminal of the Q1 control power switch through the R3 resistor. The four D terminals of the Q1 control power switch serve as the output terminals of the main switch circuit.

6. A low-power switching circuit based on high-level active voltage as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The first control circuit also includes an R7 resistor and a filter circuit; one end of the R7 resistor is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the D2 diode, and the other end of the R7 resistor is electrically connected to the signal receiving terminal of the MCU microcontroller unit (5) through the filter circuit.

7. A low-power switching circuit based on high-level active voltage as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The filter circuit includes a D4 diode, a C1 capacitor, and an R8 resistor; the negative terminal of the D4 diode, one end of the C1 capacitor, and one end of the R8 resistor are all electrically connected to the other end of the R7 resistor, and the positive terminal of the D4 diode, the other end of the C1 capacitor, and the other end of the R8 resistor are all grounded.

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