Loudspeaker and audio device

Abstract

The application discloses a loudspeaker and an audio device, wherein the loudspeaker comprises a magnetic circuit system, a high-frequency unit and a low-frequency unit; the magnetic circuit system comprises a yoke and a magnetic circuit assembly arranged on the yoke, the yoke is made of magnetic conductive material, and the magnetic circuit assembly is arranged in a spaced mode with the yoke and defines a first magnetic gap; the low-frequency unit comprises a low-frequency diaphragm and a low-frequency voice coil, one end of the low-frequency voice coil is inserted into the first magnetic gap, and the other end is connected with the low-frequency diaphragm; wherein the low-frequency unit and the yoke enclose a cavity, the low-frequency diaphragm is provided with a high-frequency hole, and the high-frequency hole is communicated with the cavity; the high-frequency unit is arranged in the cavity, and the sound emitted by the high-frequency unit is propagated outward through the high-frequency hole. The loudspeaker of the technical scheme can simultaneously consider the sound quality of high frequency and low frequency, and improve the listening experience of users.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of headphone technology, and more particularly to a speaker and audio device. Background Technology

[0002] Loudspeakers, also known as "horns," are widely used in audio devices such as headphones and smart speakers. Their main function is to convert electrical signals into sound signals. The working principle of these loudspeakers relies on the interaction between the constant magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet and the audio current passing through the voice coil, which causes the voice coil and the connected diaphragm to vibrate, thereby converting electrical energy into sound wave energy radiated into the air.

[0003] In related technologies, speakers are limited by their small size, making it difficult to simultaneously handle high-frequency and low-frequency vibrations, which limits the speaker's functionality and affects the user's listening experience. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a speaker that can simultaneously maintain the sound quality of high and low frequencies, thereby enhancing the user's listening experience.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a loudspeaker, the loudspeaker comprising: A magnetic circuit system includes a basin frame and a magnetic circuit assembly disposed on the basin frame, the basin frame being made of a magnetically conductive material, and the magnetic circuit assembly being spaced apart from the basin frame and defining a first magnetic gap; A bass unit includes a bass diaphragm and a bass voice coil, one end of which is inserted into the first magnetic gap, and the other end is connected to the bass diaphragm; wherein the bass unit and the frame enclose a cavity, and the bass diaphragm has a tweeter hole that communicates with the cavity; and A tweeter unit is disposed within the cavity, and the sound emitted by the tweeter unit is propagated outward through the tweeter hole.

[0006] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an audio device, which includes: Casing; and The speaker as described in any of the above claims is disposed within the housing.

[0007] Based on the speaker of this application embodiment, through the reasonable layout design of a single magnetic circuit component combined with a tweeter and a woofer, the tweeter voice coil can drive the tweeter diaphragm to vibrate and emit high-frequency sound waves, and one end of the woofer voice coil is inserted into the first magnetic gap and drives the woofer diaphragm to vibrate and emit low-frequency sound waves. The speaker can thus simultaneously take into account both high-frequency extension and low-frequency extension, and achieve independent optimization of dual frequency bands within a single magnetic circuit, allowing users to hear more high-frequency and low-frequency details and improve the user's listening experience.

[0008] Furthermore, because the tweeter and woofer voice coils do not share the same magnetic gap, their acoustic interference is minimized. This physical isolation reduces intermodulation distortion and improves audio clarity and purity, allowing users to enjoy a more realistic and natural sound. When optimizing the tweeter and woofer, optimization can be performed separately according to their specific needs, without being limited by the other, thereby further enhancing sound quality.

[0009] Furthermore, the design of individual magnetic circuit components can optimize the magnetic circuit layout, making more efficient use of limited space and reducing spatial stacking. This allows the speaker to achieve high performance in a smaller, more compact space, making it easier to adapt to audio devices of different shapes and sizes, while also reducing costs. The speaker can simultaneously achieve full-range response and miniaturization, improving design flexibility and adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a loudspeaker according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows an exploded view of the loudspeaker. Figure 3 for Figure 1 The first-view cross-sectional structural diagram shown in the figure; Figure 4 for Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of point AA shown in the diagram is a second perspective. Figure 5 The above are frequency response curves for the tweeter and woofer of the loudspeaker in this application.

[0012] Explanation of icon numbers: 100. Loudspeaker; 10. Magnetic circuit system; 101. Outer frame; 102. Protruding structure; 103. Cavity; 11a. First magnetic gap; 11b. Second magnetic gap; 11. Frame; 110a. Pressure relief hole; 110b. Pressure relief channel; 111. First sidewall; 112. Inner bottom wall; 113. Second sidewall; 12. Magnetic circuit assembly; 121. Magnet; 1211. Inner annular surface; 12 12. Outer ring surface; 1210. Second wiring channel; 122. Washer; 1220. First wiring channel; 20. Tweeter unit; 201. Tweeter cavity; 21. Tweeter diaphragm; 22. Tweeter voice coil; 23. First support; 30. Woofer unit; 31. Woofer diaphragm; 311. Tweeter hole; 312. First dome; 313. First surround; 32. Woofer voice coil; 33. Second support.

[0013] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Where the following description relates to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0016] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0018] Loudspeakers, also known as "horns," are widely used in audio devices such as headphones and smart speakers. Audio devices typically consist of a housing with a sound-emitting hole. The loudspeaker is housed within the housing and emits sound through this hole. The primary function of a loudspeaker is to convert electrical signals into sound signals. The working principle of such loudspeakers relies on the interaction between a constant magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet and an audio current passing through a voice coil. This interaction causes the voice coil and its connected diaphragm to vibrate, thereby converting electrical energy into sound wave energy radiated into the air.

[0019] In the low-frequency range, the diaphragm vibrates as a whole, while in the high-frequency range, it vibrates locally at the center of the diaphragm. In the mid-frequency range, the vibration of the center and the edge of the diaphragm is asynchronous, resulting in a phase difference. The sound waves from the two vibrates cancel each other out, creating a "gap" that can easily lead to a mid-frequency dip.

[0020] Furthermore, when the frequency is high enough that the diaphragm size is close to the wavelength of the sound wave, the diaphragm cannot vibrate uniformly, and the energy decays rapidly (the effective radiation area drops sharply, and the sound wave energy is "bundled" into a narrow beam; the energy received off-axis or at the edge of the ear canal is greatly attenuated). High-frequency sound waves produce a "beaming effect" due to the segmented vibration of the diaphragm, that is, the directivity becomes sharper and the off-axis response deteriorates. This effect exacerbates the high-frequency off-axis attenuation and the frequency response distortion in the ear canal, thus easily leading to premature attenuation of high frequencies >10kHz.

[0021] However, optimizing low frequencies requires a long stroke and a strong magnetic circuit, which means increasing the diaphragm mass and the number of voice coil turns, but this will reduce high-frequency sensitivity. Optimizing high frequencies requires lightweighting, which means reducing the weight of the diaphragm, but this will reduce the low-frequency linear displacement, limit the low-frequency output and power handling capacity, and cause low-frequency distortion. Therefore, due to the small size of the loudspeaker, a single loudspeaker diaphragm and voice coil cannot simultaneously achieve both high-frequency extension and low-frequency extension, which limits the loudspeaker's functionality.

[0022] Using two speakers, namely a tweeter and a woofer responsible for high and low frequencies respectively, will take up more installation space and violate the requirements of lightweight and miniaturization of audio equipment such as headphones; or, using a coaxial dual-coil dual-unit integrated speaker, but this will result in the height being stacked in the axial direction, affecting space utilization.

[0023] To resolve the above issues, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1 to 3 This application proposes a loudspeaker 100, which can be headphones or speakers, etc. In the embodiments of this application, the loudspeaker 100 includes a magnetic circuit system 10, a tweeter 20, and a woofer 30.

[0024] The magnetic circuit system 10 is used to provide a magnetic field, including a frame 11 and a magnetic circuit assembly 12 disposed on the frame 11. The frame 11 is used to carry various components of the loudspeaker 100 and forms a closed low magnetic resistance path with the magnetic circuit assembly 12. The frame 11 is made of a magnetically permeable material with high permeability, such as soft iron or low carbon steel.

[0025] The magnetic circuit assembly 12 includes a magnet 121 and a washer 122. The washer 122 is disposed on the magnet 121. The washer 122 can be made of soft iron or low carbon steel and plays a role in magnetic conduction. The magnet 121 can be an electromagnet, a permanent magnet 121, etc.

[0026] Specifically, the speaker basket 11 includes an outer frame 101 and a protruding structure 102. The protruding structure 102 is located in the middle of the outer frame 101. The magnetic circuit assembly 12 is arranged in a ring and located around the protruding structure 102. A first magnetic gap 11a is defined between the outer side of the magnetic circuit assembly 12 and the outer frame 101, and a second magnetic gap 11b is defined between the inner side of the magnetic circuit assembly 12 and the protruding structure 102, so that the second magnetic gap 11b and the first magnetic gap 11a are spaced apart. The outer frame 101 and the protruding structure 102 in the middle form a magnetic guiding path symmetrical along the central axis of the speaker 100. The magnetic field generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 12 is guided by the speaker basket 11 and concentrated in the second magnetic gap 11b and the first magnetic gap 11a, respectively, to prevent the magnetic field from leaking into the surrounding space and to improve the utilization rate of the magnetic field.

[0027] The tweeter unit 20 includes a tweeter diaphragm 21 and a tweeter voice coil 22. One end of the tweeter voice coil 22 is inserted into the second magnetic gap 11b, and the other end is connected to the tweeter diaphragm 21. When the audio current passes through the tweeter voice coil 22, a magnetic field is generated around the tweeter voice coil 22. This magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field generated by the magnet 121, generating a torque that causes the tweeter voice coil 22 to move. When the tweeter voice coil 22 moves, the tweeter diaphragm 21 is driven by the tweeter voice coil 22 to vibrate, thereby pushing the surrounding air to emit high-frequency sound waves.

[0028] The bass unit 30 includes a bass diaphragm 31 and a bass voice coil 32. One end of the bass voice coil 32 is inserted into the first magnetic gap 11a, and the other end is connected to the bass diaphragm 31. When an audio current passes through the bass voice coil 32, the bass voice coil 32 will move under the force generated by the magnetic field generated by the magnet 121, causing the bass diaphragm 31 to vibrate, thereby emitting low-frequency sound waves. The frame 11 can guide the magnetic field generated by the magnetic circuit assembly 12 to the second magnetic gap 11b where the tweeter voice coil 22 is located and the first magnetic gap 11a where the bass voice coil 32 is located, thereby improving magnetic field efficiency, preventing magnetic field leakage, and improving energy utilization.

[0029] It should be noted that when describing the front-back direction of the speaker 100, for example, when the speaker 100 is installed inside the earpiece of an earphone, and the earpiece has a sound outlet, the speaker 100 emits sound outward through the sound outlet. In this case, the bass unit 30 of the speaker 100 and the frame 11 are arranged opposite each other in the front-back direction and cooperate with the earpiece respectively to separate the earpiece into a front cavity and a rear cavity. The sound outlet connects to the front cavity to propagate the sound emitted by the speaker 100 outward. The frame 11 is used to support other components of the speaker 100, and also to isolate other components inside the earpiece of the earphone from the speaker 100 to prevent other components from affecting the normal operation of the speaker 100.

[0030] The speaker 100 of this application uses a reasonable layout design of a single magnetic circuit (i.e., a single magnetic circuit component 12) combined with dual vibration units (i.e., a tweeter 20 and a woofer 30). The magnetic field generated by the single magnet 121 is guided by the frame 11 and the washer 122, which can simultaneously cover the second magnetic gap 11b and the first magnetic gap 11a. One end of the tweeter voice coil 22 is inserted into the second magnetic gap 11b and drives the tweeter diaphragm 21 to vibrate and emit high-frequency sound waves. One end of the woofer voice coil 32 is inserted into the first magnetic gap 11a and drives the woofer diaphragm 31 to vibrate and emit low-frequency sound waves. The speaker 100 can simultaneously take into account both high-frequency extension and low-frequency extension, and achieve independent optimization of dual frequency bands within a single magnetic circuit, allowing users to hear more high-frequency and low-frequency details and improving the user's listening experience.

[0031] Furthermore, since the tweeter voice coil 22 and the woofer voice coil 32 are located in the second magnetic gap 11b and the first magnetic gap 11a respectively, the acoustic interference between them is minimized. This physical isolation reduces intermodulation distortion and improves the clarity and purity of the audio, allowing users to enjoy a more realistic and natural sound. When optimizing the tweeter 20 and the woofer 30, optimization can be performed separately according to their specific needs, without being limited by the other, thereby further improving sound quality.

[0032] The tweeter 20 and woofer 30 share the same magnetic circuit assembly 12, optimizing the magnetic circuit layout. Compared to a design that uses two separate magnetic circuit assemblies 12 for the tweeter 20 and woofer 30, this design makes more efficient use of limited space and reduces spatial stacking. This allows the speaker 100 to achieve high performance in a smaller, more compact space, making it easier to adapt to audio devices of different shapes and sizes while also reducing costs. The speaker 100 can simultaneously achieve full-range response and miniaturization, improving design flexibility and adaptability.

[0033] Furthermore, the woofer 30 and the frame 11 enclose a cavity 103. The magnetic circuit assembly 12 and the tweeter 20 are both disposed within the cavity 103, and the tweeter diaphragm 21 is disposed between the woofer diaphragm 31 and the magnetic circuit assembly 12, and is located inside the woofer voice coil 32. The magnetic circuit assembly 12 and the tweeter 20 are compactly arranged within the cavity 103, reducing the axial stacking of the tweeter 20, the woofer 30, and the magnetic circuit assembly 12, which can reduce the overall height of the speaker 100 while maintaining the effective radiation of the tweeter 20, thereby maximizing the use of available space.

[0034] The tweeter diaphragm 21 and the tweeter voice coil 22 work together to form a tweeter cavity 201. The tweeter cavity 201 is connected to the second magnetic gap 11b. It can be understood that the tweeter cavity 201 is formed by the upper surface of the protruding structure 102, the inner surface of the tweeter voice coil 22 and the inner surface of the tweeter diaphragm 21, which is used to provide vibration space for the tweeter diaphragm 21.

[0035] When the tweeter diaphragm 21 vibrates, the gas in the tweeter cavity 201 will rapidly contract and expand. If the air pressure cannot be released in time, a damping imbalance problem will be formed, in which positive pressure hinders the tweeter diaphragm 21 from moving outward and negative pressure pulls the tweeter diaphragm 21 from moving inward, resulting in clipping distortion of the high-frequency signal.

[0036] Therefore, the protruding structure 102 is equipped with a pressure relief channel 110b, which connects the tweeter cavity 201 to the outside, thus constructing a highly efficient air pressure relief circuit. When the tweeter diaphragm 21 vibrates outward, outside air enters through the pressure relief channel 110b and replenishes the tweeter cavity 201, preventing the formation of negative pressure; when the tweeter diaphragm 21 vibrates inward, the high-pressure air inside the tweeter cavity 201 is discharged through the pressure relief channel 110b and released to the outside, preventing the formation of positive pressure. This dynamic balance makes the vibration damping of the tweeter diaphragm 21 more stable and the high-frequency response flatter, reducing high-frequency distortion.

[0037] Specifically, the protruding structure 102 has an opening in the middle to form the pressure relief channel 110b. The pressure relief channel 110b extends toward the bass unit 30 and is used to connect the cavity 103 and the rear cavity, avoiding occupying the space of the rear cavity and reducing the volume of the speaker 100. Thus, the pressure relief channel 110b releases the air pressure on the back side of the tweeter diaphragm 21 from the cavity 103, balancing the pressure difference inside and outside the speaker 100 and significantly reducing distortion.

[0038] The second magnetic gap 11b is formed by the outer wall of the pressure relief channel 110b, the inner bottom wall 112 of the frame 11, the first side wall 111, and the inner ring surface 1211 of the magnet 121, which greatly simplifies the internal structure of the loudspeaker 100 and further realizes the miniaturization design of the loudspeaker 100.

[0039] Specifically, the bass diaphragm 31 includes a first dome 312 and a first surround portion 313 surrounding the first dome 312. The first surround portion 313 is connected to the outer frame 101. The first dome 312 arches in the direction away from the frame 11, providing the bass diaphragm 31 with a larger front-to-back vibration space, enabling the bass unit 30 to operate at a larger amplitude, thereby producing a deeper and more powerful sound and improving the bass effect of the speaker 100. At the same time, the first surround portion 313 surrounding the first dome 312 allows the diaphragm to maintain stability and consistency during vibration, while reducing nonlinear distortion during vibration.

[0040] Along the axial direction of the loudspeaker 100, the projection of the top of the first dome 312 covers the projection of the tweeter 20. With this arrangement, the arched design of the top of the first dome 312 ensures that even when the tweeter 20 is additionally inserted into the cavity 103, the woofer 30 still has sufficient vibration space. This design allows the tweeter 20 and the woofer 30 to coexist in the same loudspeaker 100 without interfering with each other. Both have sufficient vibration space, ensuring that their respective performances are fully utilized, which helps to achieve a smoother frequency response and thus provides high-quality audio output across the entire frequency range.

[0041] The tweeter diaphragm 21 includes a second dome 211 and a second folded ring 212 surrounding the second dome 211. The second folded ring 212 is connected to the magnetic circuit assembly 12. The second dome 211 and the first dome 312 have the same arching direction, so that both arch towards the direction away from the frame 11. The tweeter diaphragm 21 can be naturally placed in the gap between the woofer diaphragm 31 and the magnetic circuit assembly 12. This layout greatly compresses the axial thickness of the speaker 100, and can be adapted to in-ear headphones, clip-on headphones and other audio devices with strict requirements for small size and light weight.

[0042] The design of the first sphere top 312 and the second sphere top 211 arching in the same direction allows the tweeter 20 and the woofer 30 to form a radially nested structure with an inner tweeter and an outer woofer within the cavity 103. The first folded ring portion 313 of the woofer diaphragm 31 is connected to the edge of the outer frame 101, and the second folded ring portion 212 of the tweeter diaphragm 21 is connected to the magnetic circuit assembly 12, which can be located on the upper surface of the washer 122. The two are fixed by different components and do not occupy each other's installation space.

[0043] Furthermore, the fact that the top of the second sphere 211 arches in the same direction as the top of the first sphere 312 means that the vibration directions of the tweeter diaphragm 21 and the woofer diaphragm 31 are completely consistent, that is, they both vibrate in the direction away from the front cavity of the frame 11. The phase relationship of the sound waves emitted by the two is highly synchronized in the propagation path, so that the high and low frequency sound waves radiate in phase and the energy is enhanced after superposition.

[0044] After the top 312 of the first sphere of the bass diaphragm 31 arches, its large amplitude vibration (for low-frequency requirements) mainly acts on the air in the front cavity and will not directly impact the tweeter diaphragm 21 located behind it. The small amplitude, high-frequency vibration (for high-frequency requirements) of the top 211 of the second sphere of the tweeter diaphragm 21 will not interfere with the vibration of the bass diaphragm 31 because the arching direction is the same. This physical isolation reduces intermodulation distortion caused by the large bass vibration driving the tweeter resonance or the small tweeter vibration being impacted by the bass airflow, which can effectively reduce the distortion rate across the entire frequency range, especially at high volume output, while maintaining the purity of high-frequency details.

[0045] Furthermore, the bass unit 30 includes a first bracket 23, which is ring-shaped and mounted on the edge of the frame 11. The first surround portion 313 of the bass diaphragm 31 is fixed to the first bracket 23, thereby pressing the bass diaphragm 31 tightly against the edge of the frame 11 and preventing the entire bass unit 30 from shaking or shifting when the bass diaphragm 31 vibrates. The tweeter 20 includes a second bracket 33, which is ring-shaped and mounted on the washer 122. The second surround portion 212 of the tweeter diaphragm 21 is fixed to the second bracket 33, similarly preventing the entire tweeter 20 from shaking or shifting when the tweeter diaphragm 21 vibrates. Therefore, the first bracket 23 and the second bracket 33 need to have high strength; for example, the first bracket 23 and the second bracket 33 can be made of materials such as copper or steel.

[0046] In one configuration, the tweeter 20 and woofer 30 are coaxially arranged, and the phase relationship of the sound waves emitted by them is more consistent during propagation, which helps to reduce phase distortion and improve the clarity of sound quality, while avoiding the space occupied by the tweeter 20 and woofer 30 in the radial direction of the speaker 100.

[0047] In another structural configuration, the tweeter 20 and woofer 30 are positioned off-axis, allowing for fine-tuning of each unit to achieve optimal frequency response. Furthermore, this off-axis arrangement enables the tweeter diaphragm 21 to avoid the segmented vibration zone of the woofer diaphragm 31, separating the acoustic centers of low and high frequencies. This significantly reduces the interference of low-frequency phase jitter on high frequencies, minimizing modulation distortion.

[0048] It should be noted that the tweeter unit 20 includes a first tweeter unit, which includes a tweeter diaphragm 21 and a tweeter voice coil 22. One end of the tweeter voice coil 22 is inserted into the second magnetic gap 11b, and the other end is connected to the tweeter diaphragm 21. The first tweeter unit can share a magnetic circuit system 10 with the woofer unit 30, which can simultaneously take into account high-frequency and low-frequency details, and achieve a small size setting for the speaker 100.

[0049] In the case of having a first tweeter, the tweeter 20 also includes multiple second tweeters disposed within the cavity 103. Each of the multiple second tweeters is an independent tweeter assembly, capable of independently receiving high-frequency sounds and propagating them outwards through the tweeter port 311. Each second tweeter has a diameter of 3-5 mm, thus maintaining the small size requirement of the speaker 100 even with multiple second tweeters. The multiple second tweeters are disposed on the outer periphery of the first tweeter, either surrounding its central axis or distributed irregularly at intervals.

[0050] Specifically, multiple second tweeters can be mounted on the magnetic circuit assembly 12 without affecting the performance of the first tweeter and woofer 30. This eliminates the need to increase the diameter of the speaker 100, further enhancing the high-frequency radiation angle while maintaining a compact size. Furthermore, the multiple second tweeters can radiate high-frequency sound waves from multiple directions, providing uniform high-frequency sound wave radiation over a wider angular range. This significantly improves off-axis high-frequency response, effectively ensuring clear high-frequency details even when the user's ear canal is deviated from the axis of the speaker 100.

[0051] Meanwhile, multiple second tweeters are arranged around the central axis of the first tweeter, allowing them to be distributed away from the center area of ​​the woofer 30, thereby moving away from the center of the woofer diaphragm 31 and avoiding the strong vibration area of ​​the woofer diaphragm 31. This effectively solves the problem of high-frequency off-axis attenuation, improves the transmission efficiency of high-frequency sound waves, and makes the high-frequency part brighter and clearer, thus helping to solve the high-frequency roll-off problem.

[0052] Of course, the tweeter 20 may not include the first tweeter, but only have multiple second tweeters. Multiple second tweeters are set in the cavity 103, which can also ensure good high-frequency details. Moreover, the small size of the second tweeter can still meet the small size and light weight requirements of the speaker 100. This application does not limit this.

[0053] In some embodiments, the protruding structure 102 includes a first sidewall 111, and the outer frame 101 includes an inner bottom wall 112 and a second sidewall 113. The first sidewall 111, the inner bottom wall 112, and the second sidewall 113 are connected sequentially from the inside to the outside. The magnetic circuit assembly 12 is arranged in a ring on the inner bottom wall 112. The first sidewall 111 and the inner ring surface 1211 of the magnetic circuit assembly 12 are spaced apart to form a second magnetic gap 11b, and the second sidewall 113 and the outer ring surface 1212 of the magnetic circuit assembly 12 are spaced apart to form a first magnetic gap 11a. By placing the magnetic circuit assembly 12 on the inner bottom wall 112 of the frame 11, and using the first sidewall 111 and the second sidewall 113 to cooperate with the magnetic circuit assembly 12 to form the second magnetic gap 11b and the first magnetic gap 11a, respectively, the internal space of the speaker 100 is maximized. This layout allows the speaker 100 to provide a wider frequency response and better sound quality while maintaining a compact size.

[0054] The tweeter voice coil 22 is inserted into the second magnetic gap 11b, allowing it to operate in an independent magnetic field environment. This improves the efficiency and quality of the high-frequency response and enhances high-frequency extension. Simultaneously, the woofer voice coil 32 is inserted into the first magnetic gap 11a, also providing an independent magnetic field environment and contributing to improved low-frequency extension and dynamic range. Because the tweeter voice coil 22 and the woofer voice coil 32 are located in separate magnetic gaps, their acoustic interference is minimized. This physical isolation helps reduce intermodulation distortion and improves audio clarity and purity.

[0055] In some embodiments, the bass diaphragm 31 has a tweeter hole 311, which connects to the cavity 103. There is one tweeter hole 311, and its center coincides with the central axis of the magnetic circuit system 10. High-frequency sound waves generated by the vibration of the tweeter diaphragm 21 can radiate directly forward through the tweeter hole 311, improving the transmission efficiency and directivity of high-frequency sound waves, thereby enhancing the performance of high-frequency details. Furthermore, the tweeter hole 311 can also be used to control the low-frequency response of the bass unit 30, optimizing low-frequency quality and preventing excessive resonance by leaking some low-frequency energy, thus improving the clarity and accuracy of the sound quality. This allows for more precise adjustment of the frequency response of the speaker 100, reducing mid-frequency dips and high-frequency roll-off, resulting in a smoother overall response.

[0056] Furthermore, the tweeter hole 311 can also be used to release some of the air pressure inside the cavity 103, reducing non-linear distortion of the woofer 30 at high volumes and improving the clarity and accuracy of the sound quality. The speaker 100 no longer needs to have a separate pressure relief structure, simplifying the overall structure of the speaker 100, reducing the number of parts, helping to reduce costs and improve production efficiency, and meeting the miniaturization design requirements of the speaker 100.

[0057] Understandably, multiple tweeter holes 311 can be provided. Multiple tweeter holes 311 are arranged around the central axis of the magnetic circuit system 10. Multiple tweeter holes 311 can reduce the reflection and interference of sound waves inside the speaker 100, improve acoustic transparency, make the sound clearer and more natural, and also make the airflow more evenly distributed inside the speaker 100, thereby providing a more consistent damping effect, which helps to balance the low frequency response and reduce the resonance and distortion of the bass unit 30.

[0058] The surround arrangement of tweeter holes 311 helps to more precisely control low-frequency leakage, making low frequencies more controlled, improving low-frequency quality, and preventing the bass from being too muddy or booming. The "out-of-phase sound waves" in the low-to-mid frequency range can also be discharged through the tweeter holes 311, thereby reducing the phase difference between low and high frequencies, weakening interference, and thus filling in the mid-frequency valleys. In addition, the design of multiple tweeter holes 311 can increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the speaker 100, which helps to dissipate heat better during high-power output, thereby improving the power handling capacity and reliability of the speaker 100.

[0059] The distribution of the tweeter hole 311 on the bass diaphragm 31 is not limited to this. When there is one tweeter hole 311, the center point of the tweeter hole 311 may not coincide with the central axis of the magnetic circuit system 10. When there are multiple tweeter holes 311, their distribution on the bass diaphragm 31 can be a regular, evenly spaced distribution or an irregular distribution. Furthermore, this application does not limit the size and shape of the tweeter hole 311. For example, the shape of the tweeter hole 311 can be a circular hole, a triangular hole, a rectangular hole, or other irregular shapes.

[0060] It's worth noting that headphones may also include a feedback microphone, a component required for active noise cancellation (ANC). Active noise cancellation refers to using technology to reverse the collected noise sound waves, thereby canceling out the noise. The principle behind active noise cancellation in headphones is that the noise-canceling microphone collects ambient noise signals and sends these signals to a digital signal processing unit (DSP). After analyzing and processing the noise signals and identifying their characteristics, the DSP generates an inverse sound wave that is the opposite of the noise waveform. This inverse sound wave is then superimposed on the original audio signal. When the headphones output audio, this inverse sound wave cancels out the noise, achieving a noise reduction effect.

[0061] At this time, the feedback microphone and the speaker 100 are installed in the same ear shell of the headphones, and the feedback microphone is positioned close to the high-frequency hole 311 of the speaker 100. The feedback microphone is more likely to pick up the direct sound emitted by the speaker 100, rather than the sound reflected through the ear shell. This helps to improve the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the microphone, and ensures that the acoustic path from the sound emitted by the speaker 100 to the sound received by the feedback microphone is fixed, so that the active noise cancellation system can more accurately estimate and cancel ambient noise.

[0062] In some embodiments, the speaker 100 also includes a tuning mesh, the material of which can be [material name missing]. The tuning mesh is disposed on the tweeter hole 311 and can control the acoustic impedance of the tweeter hole 311, thereby affecting the frequency response of the sound waves passing through the hole. This helps to smooth the frequency response curve, reduce unnecessary peaks and valleys, and help control low-frequency leakage, allowing the speaker 100 to utilize its vibrational energy more effectively, thereby enhancing low-frequency extension. The tuning mesh can also reduce low-frequency resonance within the speaker 100, thereby reducing distortion, improving low-frequency clarity and control, and making the output of the speaker 100 more balanced and natural. By adjusting the density and thickness of the tuning mesh, the low-frequency and mid-frequency responses can be fine-tuned to achieve the desired tonal balance, providing users with a richer and more balanced listening experience and satisfying the listening preferences of different users.

[0063] Furthermore, the tuning mesh prevents dust and other foreign objects from entering the speaker 100 through the tweeter hole 311, thereby protecting internal components and extending the lifespan of the speaker 100. The tuning mesh, located at the tweeter hole 311, increases the structural strength of the tweeter hole 311 area, preventing damage caused by external forces.

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This diagram shows the frequency response curves of the tweeter 20 and woofer 30 of the speaker 100 in operation according to an embodiment of this application. L1 represents the frequency response curve of the tweeter 20, and L2 represents the frequency response curve of the woofer 30. In the low-frequency range (20 Hz - 200 Hz), the response is relatively flat, indicating that the woofer 30 can provide a strong and clear bass effect in this frequency range. The response in the high-frequency range shows an upward trend, especially between 7 kHz and 20 kHz. The high-frequency response no longer rolls off after 7 kHz; instead, it rises by more than 10 dB overall, flattening out to 20 kHz. This indicates that the tweeter 20 has good extension and clarity in the high-frequency range, helping to capture and reproduce high-frequency details such as instrument overtones and vocal clarity. The frequency responses of the woofer 30 and tweeter 20 smoothly connect at approximately 2 kHz, achieving full-frequency coverage. This complementarity ensures that the speaker 100 system can provide balanced sound output across all frequency ranges.

[0065] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 2 to 4 Both the tweeter 20 and the woofer 30 include leads. The washer 122 is provided with a first wiring groove 1220, the magnet 121 is provided with a second wiring groove 1210, and the frame 11 is also provided with a pressure relief hole 110a. The pressure relief hole 110a, the first magnetic gap 11a, the cavity 103, and the tweeter hole 311 are connected in sequence and together form a pressure relief flow path.

[0066] When the bass diaphragm 31 vibrates outward, outside air flows into the cavity 103 through the tweeter hole 311, while air is simultaneously replenished through the pressure relief hole 110a. This dual-path air intake prevents negative pressure from forming in the cavity 103, reducing the pulling resistance on the outward movement of the bass diaphragm 31. When the bass diaphragm 31 vibrates inward, the high-pressure air inside the cavity 103 can be directly discharged through the tweeter hole 311, and can also be discharged simultaneously through the first magnetic gap 11a via the pressure relief hole 110a, achieving bidirectional pressure release and preventing positive pressure from hindering the inward movement of the bass diaphragm 31. This design significantly reduces the vibration damping of the bass unit 30, resulting in deeper low-frequency extension and no muffled feeling at high volumes, providing users with a better listening experience.

[0067] The tweeter 20's leads extend from the frame 11 via the first wiring channel 1220, the second wiring channel 1210, the first magnetic gap 11a, and the pressure relief hole 110a. The woofer 30's leads can either extend outwards from inside the speaker 100 through the pressure relief hole 110a, or they can be routed directly outside the frame 11. By guiding the tweeter 20's leads through the pressure relief hole 110a, the first wiring channel 1220, and the second wiring channel 1210, and by making efficient use of the opening space in the pressure relief hole 110a, the limited internal space of the speaker 100 is maximized, allowing for a more compact design. The tweeter 20's leads are positioned away from acoustic vibration areas, reducing interference with the sound wave propagation of the tweeter and woofer 30, thus contributing to maintaining sound purity.

[0068] Furthermore, the frame 11 has a first solder pad and a second solder pad on the side facing away from the woofer 30. The lead wire of the tweeter 20 is connected to the first solder pad, and the lead wire of the woofer 30 is connected to the second solder pad. The first solder pad and the second solder pad are respectively located on opposite sides of the pressure relief hole 110a, so that the lead wires of the tweeter 20 and the woofer 30 can be routed in opposite directions, avoiding routing conflicts and achieving reasonable wiring. The first solder pad and the second solder pad have a height difference, and the second solder pad is located closer to the edge of the frame 11, which can greatly shorten the routing length of the woofer 30 lead wire and simplify wiring.

[0069] In the embodiment of the audio device in this application, which is an earphone, the earphone includes an ear shell and a speaker 100. The ear shell is provided with a sound outlet, and the speaker 100 is disposed inside the ear shell and emits sound outward through the sound outlet. The specific structure of the speaker 100 is as described in the above embodiments. Since the earphone adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0070] The speaker 100 separates the ear shell into a front cavity and a rear cavity, with the sound outlet connecting to the front cavity. Specifically, the front side of the bass unit 30 and the inner wall of the ear shell form the front cavity, while the rear outer wall of the frame 11 and the inner wall of the ear shell form the rear cavity. The tweeter hole 311 on the bass diaphragm 31 allows the air pressure on the rear side of the bass diaphragm 31 to escape from the cavity 103.

[0071] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this application. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0072] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A loudspeaker, characterized in that, include: A magnetic circuit system includes a basin frame and a magnetic circuit assembly disposed on the basin frame, the basin frame being made of a magnetically conductive material, and the magnetic circuit assembly being spaced apart from the basin frame and defining a first magnetic gap; The bass unit includes a bass diaphragm and a bass voice coil, one end of which is inserted into the first magnetic gap and the other end is connected to the bass diaphragm; wherein the bass unit and the frame enclose a cavity, and the bass diaphragm has a tweeter hole that communicates with the cavity; as well as A tweeter unit is disposed within the cavity, and the sound emitted by the tweeter unit is propagated outward through the tweeter hole.

2. The loudspeaker as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The basin stand includes an outer frame and a protruding structure. The protruding structure is disposed in the middle of the outer frame. The magnetic circuit assembly is arranged in a ring and located around the protruding structure. A first magnetic gap is defined between the outer side of the magnetic circuit assembly and the outer frame, and a second magnetic gap is defined between the inner side of the magnetic circuit assembly and the protruding structure. The tweeter unit includes a tweeter diaphragm and a tweeter voice coil. One end of the tweeter voice coil is inserted into the second magnetic gap, and the other end is connected to the tweeter diaphragm.

3. The loudspeaker as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The tweeter diaphragm is disposed between the woofer diaphragm and the magnetic circuit assembly, and is located inside the woofer voice coil.

4. The loudspeaker as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The tweeter diaphragm and the tweeter voice coil work together to form a tweeter cavity, which is connected to the second magnetic gap. The protruding structure has a pressure relief channel that connects the tweeter cavity to the outside.

5. The loudspeaker as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The tweeter is provided with one hole, and the center of the tweeter coincides with the central axis of the magnetic circuit system; or, The high-frequency holes are provided in multiple ways, and the multiple high-frequency holes are arranged around the central axis of the magnetic circuit system.

6. The loudspeaker as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a tuning mesh, which is disposed on the treble hole.

7. The loudspeaker as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The tweeter and the woofer are coaxially arranged.

8. The loudspeaker of claim 7, wherein the bass diaphragm includes a first dome and a first surround portion surrounding the first dome, the first surround portion being connected to the frame, the first dome arching in a direction away from the frame; and along the axial direction of the loudspeaker, the projection of the first dome overlaps the projection of the tweeter.

9. The loudspeaker of claim 8, wherein the tweeter includes a second dome and a second surround portion surrounding the second dome, the second surround portion being connected to the magnetic circuit assembly, and the second dome having the same arching direction as the first dome.

10. The loudspeaker as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The basket frame is also provided with a pressure relief hole, and the pressure relief hole, the first magnetic gap, the cavity, and the tweeter hole are connected in sequence to form a pressure relief flow path.

11. The loudspeaker of claim 10, wherein the magnetic circuit assembly includes a magnet and a washer, the washer having a first wiring groove and the magnet having a second wiring groove; The lead wire of the tweeter unit extends out of the frame via the first wiring groove, the second wiring groove, the first magnetic gap, and the pressure relief hole.

12. An audio device, characterized in that, include: case; as well as The loudspeaker as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the loudspeaker is disposed within the housing.

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