High-performance melon and vegetable seed germination chamber

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of high-performance melon and vegetable seed germination accelerating chamber, belong to seed germination accelerating technical field, it includes greenhouse, control unit being arranged outside greenhouse, far infrared heating unit, far infrared reflection unit, infrared temperature monitoring unit being arranged in greenhouse, respectively with control unit electric connection, communication connection, ground rail being arranged on the ground of greenhouse, extension direction is perpendicular with greenhouse gate, and germination accelerating frame being arranged in greenhouse by ground rail;Far infrared heating unit is arranged in one side of germination accelerating frame, the length and width of far infrared heating unit are greater than the length and width of germination accelerating frame respectively;Far infrared reflection unit is arranged in the other side of germination accelerating frame, opposite with far infrared heating unit;Infrared temperature monitoring unit is arranged between far infrared reflection unit and germination accelerating frame, and infrared temperature monitoring unit infrared induction end points to germination accelerating frame.The utility model can effectively improve melon and vegetable seed germination uniformity, low energy consumption, suitable for popularization and application in melon and vegetable seed germination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of crop seed germination technology, and relates to a germination chamber, especially a high-performance melon and vegetable seed germination chamber. Background Technology

[0002] The most crucial step in the seedling cultivation process of melon and vegetable seeds is seed germination. Existing seed germination chambers generally use heat sources such as electric heating tubes or PTC ceramics to heat the air, and then use fans or pipes to force the hot air to circulate throughout the chamber to heat the seeds evenly.

[0003] However, this traditional hot air circulation germination method requires heating the air in the room first, and then using the hot air to indirectly heat the seeds, resulting in a long energy transfer chain and significant losses. Furthermore, due to the natural upward movement of hot air, a significant vertical temperature gradient generally exists within the germination chamber. This leads to substantial temperature differences between the upper and lower layers of the tiered germination trays, and between areas closer to and farther from the heat source. In addition, the frame and germination trays themselves obstruct airflow, easily creating germination dead zones during circulation. This further exacerbates horizontal temperature unevenness, resulting in inconsistent germination progress and a decreased yield of high-quality seeds from the same batch.

[0004] Besides high temperature, a humid environment is also essential for germination. In addition to placing a culture medium with sufficient moisture in the germination tray, a high-temperature humidification system is generally required. Traditional humidification systems introduce high-temperature atomized water vapor into the germination chamber. When this atomized water vapor encounters the low-temperature walls or germination tray, it easily condenses into water. This not only reduces the humidification efficiency of the air around the seeds, but the heat released during condensation or the heat absorbed during evaporation can also locally disrupt the stability of the temperature field, increasing the complexity of environmental control. Existing technologies have introduced solutions such as air duct design and steam channel design; however, these improvements essentially still adhere to the concept of "overall environmental control" and do not fundamentally solve the core contradictions of low energy utilization efficiency and poor microenvironment uniformity.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a seed germination chamber for melons and vegetables with a short energy transfer chain, low energy consumption, small difference in the germination process of the same batch of seeds, and good microenvironment uniformity. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-performance seed germination chamber for melons and vegetables, so as to solve the technical problems of long energy transfer chains, high energy consumption, large differences in the germination process of the same batch of seeds, and poor microenvironment uniformity in the existing technology.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A high-performance melon and vegetable seed germination chamber includes a greenhouse, a control unit set outside the greenhouse, a far-infrared heating unit, a far-infrared reflecting unit, and an infrared temperature monitoring unit set inside the greenhouse and electrically and communicatively connected to the control unit, a ground track set on the greenhouse floor and extending perpendicular to the greenhouse door, and germination racks arranged inside the greenhouse via the ground track. The far-infrared heating unit is located on one side of the germination rack, and the length and width of the far-infrared heating unit are greater than the length and width of the germination rack, respectively. The far-infrared reflection unit is located on the other side of the germination rack, opposite to the far-infrared heating unit; The infrared temperature monitoring unit is positioned between the far-infrared reflection unit and the germination rack, and corresponds one-to-one with the number of germination racks set on each set of ground rails. The infrared sensing end of the infrared temperature monitoring unit points towards the germination rack.

[0008] The far-infrared heating unit includes multiple carbon fiber far-infrared heating plates electrically connected to the control unit. The maximum height of the carbon fiber far-infrared heating plates is H. a The minimum height is H b The height range of the germination rack is H. c H a ≤H c ≤H b ; The carbon fiber far-infrared electric heating plate is arranged opposite to the germination rack, and the width of the carbon fiber far-infrared electric heating plate is L. a The width of the germination rack is L. b L b ≤L a .

[0009] The far-infrared reflective unit includes an aluminum-coated roll film, a pull rod, and a slide rail. The slide rails are arranged in pairs on the top surface and the ground of the greenhouse, extending in the same direction as the ground rail. The length of the slide rail is greater than the length of the ground rail. The aluminized film roll is vertically mounted on the slide rail away from the greenhouse door via a rotating shaft, and has the freedom to rotate relative to the rotating shaft; The pull rod is located at the end of the aluminized film, and both ends of the pull rod are slidably mounted in the slide rail via sliders.

[0010] The infrared temperature monitoring unit includes a support rod, a universal joint, and a non-contact infrared temperature sensor. The support rod is hinged to the top of the greenhouse via a mounting base and has the freedom to swing relative to the mounting base in a vertical plane parallel to the ground rail. The universal joints are multiple, and one end of the universal joint is slidably mounted on the support rod via a sleeve. The sleeve is provided with a locking screw and is fixed to the support rod by the locking screw. The non-contact infrared temperature sensor is located at the other end of the universal joint and is communicatively connected to the control unit, and has the degree of freedom to swing at any angle relative to the axis of the universal joint.

[0011] The number of support rods is multiple, and they correspond one-to-one with the number of germination racks set on each group of ground rails.

[0012] The number of germination racks between the far-infrared heating unit and the far-infrared reflecting unit is one or two rows.

[0013] The germination chamber is provided with one or more partition walls, which, together with the side walls of the greenhouse, divide the greenhouse into two or more germination chambers. Each germination chamber is provided with a far-infrared heating unit, a far-infrared reflection unit, an infrared temperature monitoring unit, a ground rail, and a germination rack.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a high-performance seed germination chamber for melons and vegetables. By setting up a far-infrared heating unit in the greenhouse, heat is transferred by far-infrared radiation. No matter how the germination rack is set up, it cannot completely block the transmission and heating of far-infrared rays. It skips the intermediate medium of air, shortens the transmission chain, and can significantly eliminate the situation that germination dead corners are easily formed in the germination rack due to airflow obstruction and poor airflow circulation, and the germination process of seeds in different positions of the same batch is different.

[0015] In addition, far-infrared rays can directly heat the seeds and water-saturated substrate from the inside out, rapidly generating a large amount of water vapor on the germination trays of each germination rack, forming a humid local microenvironment around the seeds. The water vapor directly envelops the seeds, promoting germination, thereby reducing the requirements for overall air humidity in the greenhouse and reducing energy consumption.

[0016] Furthermore, since far-infrared rays not only irradiate the seeds but also continuously irradiate the germination tray, the temperature of the germination tray can be much higher than the dew point temperature, which inhibits condensation around the germination rack and on the germination tray, reducing thermal disturbance and efficiency loss around the germination tray.

[0017] At the same time, the aluminum-coated film is set up, which, with its extremely high far-infrared reflectivity, can effectively reflect the remaining radiation energy that passes through the germination tray and the energy that would otherwise be lost on the wall back, forming a uniform and interwoven radiation energy field in the space where the germination tray is located. This effectively eliminates the radiation shadow area on the side of the germination tray away from the carbon fiber far-infrared electric heating plate, thereby effectively improving the uniformity of the horizontal temperature inside the germination tray and improving the uniformity of the germination process of melon and vegetable seeds.

[0018] This invention can effectively improve the uniformity of germination of melon and vegetable seeds, with low energy consumption, and is suitable for widespread application in the germination of melon and vegetable seeds. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal main structure of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view along the middle AA direction; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle.

[0020] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Greenhouse, 2. Germination rack, 3. Ground rail, 4. Carbon fiber far-infrared electric heating plate, 5. Aluminum-coated roll film, 6. Tie rod, 7. Slide rail, 8. Slider, 9. Support rod, 10. Universal joint, 11. Non-contact infrared temperature sensor, 12. Mounting base, 13. Locking screw, 14. Partition wall, 15. Germination chamber, 16. Door, 17. Sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this utility model, a more detailed description of this utility model is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this utility model provides a high-performance seed germination chamber for germinating melon and vegetable seeds with high quality and efficiency. It includes a greenhouse 1, a control unit located outside the greenhouse 1, a far-infrared heating unit, a far-infrared reflecting unit, and an infrared temperature monitoring unit located inside the greenhouse 1 and electrically and communicatively connected to the control unit, a ground track 3 installed on the floor of the greenhouse 1 and extending perpendicularly to the greenhouse 1 door 16, and germination racks 2 arranged inside the greenhouse 1 via the ground track 3. Multiple germination trays containing water-saturated moist substrate and melon and vegetable seeds are evenly placed on the germination racks 2 from top to bottom.

[0023] The far-infrared heating unit is located on one side of the germination rack 2 and is used to provide far-infrared irradiation to the germination tray on the germination rack 2, thereby heating and moistening the substrate and seeds, and providing a warm environment for the seeds within the optimal temperature range. In order to fully irradiate the germination tray and reduce the radiation shadow area, the length and width of the far-infrared heating unit in this embodiment are greater than the length and width of the germination rack 2, respectively.

[0024] The far-infrared reflection unit is located on the other side of the germination rack 2, opposite to the far-infrared heating unit. It is used to effectively reflect the far-infrared rays passing through the germination rack 2, thereby forming a uniform radiation energy field in the space where the germination rack 2 is located, further eliminating the radiation shadow area, reducing the uniform heating of melon and vegetable seeds in different positions in the germination tray, and reducing the possibility of excessive temperature difference.

[0025] An infrared temperature monitoring unit is positioned between the far-infrared reflector unit and the germination rack 2, corresponding one-to-one with the number of germination racks 2 on each set of ground rails 3. The infrared sensing end of the infrared temperature monitoring unit points towards the germination rack 2. The infrared temperature monitoring unit monitors the temperature of seeds at different positions on different germination trays. The collected monitoring information is fed back to the control unit, effectively helping staff control the operating power of the far-infrared reflector unit in that area and adjust the operation of the far-infrared heating unit in real time, preventing the microenvironment of the seeds from becoming too low or too high.

[0026] Furthermore, the far-infrared heating unit in this embodiment includes multiple carbon fiber far-infrared heating plates 4 electrically connected to the control unit. The carbon fiber far-infrared heating plates 4 can be integrated or separate. In this embodiment, to facilitate heating and temperature control of the germination trays at different heights, three seamless or narrowly connected carbon fiber far-infrared heating plates 4 are selected. The maximum height of a single row is H. a The minimum height is H b The height range of the germination rack 2 is H. c H a ≤H c ≤H b Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the carbon fiber far-infrared heating plate 4 and the germination rack 2 are arranged opposite to each other and correspond one-to-one, and the width of the carbon fiber far-infrared heating plate 4 is L. a The width of the germination rack 2 is L. b L b ≤L a By setting the length and width of the carbon fiber far-infrared electric heating plate 4, it is ensured that the germination trays at different heights on the germination rack 2 can be effectively heated by far-infrared radiation.

[0027] Furthermore, some of the far-infrared rays from the carbon fiber far-infrared heating plate 4 will pass through the germination rack 2 and radiate to the wall or other locations, resulting in energy waste. To avoid this, the far-infrared reflective unit in this embodiment includes an aluminized roll film 5, a pull rod 6, and a slide rail 7. The slide rail 7 is arranged in pairs on the top and ground surfaces of the greenhouse 1, extending in the same direction as the ground rail 3, to guide the unfolded aluminized roll film 5 when it is pulled open. In addition, to improve the reflection range of the aluminized roll film 5, in this embodiment, the length of the slide rail 7 is greater than the length of the ground rail 3, and the stretchable length of the aluminized roll film 5 is greater than the laying length of the germination rack 2.

[0028] To facilitate stretching, in this embodiment, the aluminum-coated roll film 5 is vertically mounted on the slide rail 7 at the end away from the greenhouse 1 door 16 via a rotating shaft and a bearing seat. The aluminum-coated roll film 5 is hollow and has the freedom to rotate relative to the rotating shaft.

[0029] In order to facilitate the stretching of the aluminized film roll 5 and provide support for the end of the stretched aluminized film roll 5, a pull rod 6 is set at the end of the aluminized film roll 5, and the two ends of the pull rod 6 are respectively slidably set in the slide rail 7 through the slider 8.

[0030] Furthermore, the infrared temperature monitoring unit in this embodiment includes a support rod 9, a universal joint 10, and a non-contact infrared temperature sensor 11. The support rod 9 is hinged to the top of the greenhouse 1 via a mounting base 12 and has the freedom to swing relative to the mounting base 12 in a vertical plane parallel to the ground rail 3. This swing is used to facilitate adjustment of the position of the universal joint 10 relative to the support rod 9. One end of the universal joint 10 is slidably mounted on the support rod 9 via sleeves 17, and multiple sleeves 17 are provided. Locking screws 13 are provided on the sleeves 17 and fixed to the support rod 9 via the locking screws 13. By adjusting the relative position between the sleeves 17 and the support rod 9 using the locking screws 13, the germination trays at different heights to be monitored by the infrared temperature sensor can be flexibly adjusted.

[0031] A non-contact infrared temperature sensor 11 is disposed at the other end of the universal joint 10 and communicates with the control unit. It has the freedom to swing at any angle relative to the axis of the universal joint 10. It is used to monitor the temperature of seeds or substrate at different angles and positions on the same germination tray and promptly feeds back the monitored temperature signal to the control unit. The emissivity of the non-contact temperature sensor is generally set to 0.95 to match the high emissivity characteristics of moist seeds and substrates. However, its light spot ratio is selected and designed by the designer based on the overall conditions inside the greenhouse 1, and is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0032] Furthermore, in order to fully monitor each germination rack 2 and facilitate the adjustment of the start / stop or power of the corresponding carbon fiber far-infrared electric heating plate 4, in this embodiment, multiple support rods 9 are provided, and the number of support rods 9 corresponds one-to-one with the number of germination racks 2 provided on each set of ground rails 3.

[0033] Furthermore, the number of germination racks 2 between the far-infrared heating unit and the far-infrared reflecting unit is one or two rows. In this embodiment, since the width of the germination racks 2 is fixed, in order to make full use of the uniform radiation energy field formed by the carbon fiber far-infrared heating plate 4 and the aluminized film 5, reduce the installation density of the carbon fiber far-infrared heating plate 4 to reduce the overall cost of the germination chamber, and make full use of the space, it is preferable that the germination racks 2 between each group of carbon fiber far-infrared heating plates 4 and the aluminized film 5 are two rows.

[0034] Furthermore, since the germination chamber is often quite wide, in order to make full use of its space and to accommodate the simultaneous germination of different seeds and the creation of different microenvironments in different locations, one or more partition walls 14 are provided in the germination chamber. The partition walls 14 and the side walls of the greenhouse 1 divide the greenhouse 1 into two or more germination chambers 15. In this embodiment, one partition wall 14 and two germination chambers 15 are preferred. Each germination chamber 15 is equipped with a corresponding far-infrared heating unit, far-infrared reflection unit, infrared temperature monitoring unit, ground rail 3, and germination rack 2.

[0035] Since the optimal germination temperature for melon and vegetable seeds is generally between 25-30℃, the target temperature for the seed layer is set at 28℃ in this embodiment, and the surface temperature of the carbon fiber far-infrared heating plate 4 is set at 50-65℃. To prevent overheating of seeds near the carbon fiber far-infrared heating plate 4 while insufficient temperature of seeds further away, the distance between the carbon fiber far-infrared heating plate 4 and the germination rack 2 is set at 15-30cm.

[0036] The carbon fiber far-infrared heating plate 4 operates intermittently. The control unit is set to adjust the start and stop conditions of the carbon fiber far-infrared heating plate 4 as follows: when the seed temperature exceeds the target temperature by 0.5℃, the operator is reminded to manually adjust or the start and stop of the carbon fiber far-infrared heating plate 4 is automatically adjusted. That is, when the temperature signal transmitted by the non-contact infrared temperature sensor 11 is lower than 27.5℃ or higher than 28.5℃, the carbon fiber far-infrared heating plate 4 needs to be started or stopped automatically or manually.

[0037] The control unit described in this embodiment is a control unit with a control panel and a programmable controller. When adjusting the different non-contact infrared temperature sensors 11 on the same support rod 9 to shoot at different heights and different positions on the germination tray, it is necessary to input the adjusted height position into the control unit so that the start and stop of the carbon fiber far-infrared electric heating plate 4 can be adjusted automatically or manually in the later stage.

[0038] It is understood that this utility model has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Furthermore, under the teachings of this utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-performance seed germination chamber for melons and vegetables, characterized in that: It includes a greenhouse (1), a control unit set outside the greenhouse (1), an infrared heating unit, an infrared reflection unit, and an infrared temperature monitoring unit set inside the greenhouse (1) and electrically and communicatively connected to the control unit, a ground track (3) set on the ground of the greenhouse (1) and extending perpendicularly to the greenhouse (1) door (16), and a germination rack (2) arranged inside the greenhouse (1) via the ground track (3). The far-infrared heating unit is located on one side of the germination rack (2), and the length and width of the far-infrared heating unit are greater than the length and width of the germination rack (2), respectively. The far-infrared reflection unit is located on the other side of the germination rack (2), opposite to the far-infrared heating unit; The infrared temperature monitoring unit is set between the far-infrared reflection unit and the germination rack (2), and corresponds one-to-one with the number of germination racks (2) set on each set of ground rails (3). The infrared sensing end of the infrared temperature monitoring unit points to the germination rack (2).

2. The high-performance seed germination chamber for melons and vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The far-infrared heating unit includes multiple carbon fiber far-infrared heating plates (4) electrically connected to the control unit. The maximum height of the carbon fiber far-infrared heating plates (4) is H. a The minimum height is H b The height range of the germination rack (2) is H. c H a ≤H c ≤H b ; The carbon fiber far-infrared electric heating plate (4) is arranged opposite to the germination rack (2) and corresponds to it one-to-one. The width of the carbon fiber far-infrared electric heating plate (4) is L. a The width of the germination rack (2) is L. b L b ≤L a .

3. The high-performance seed germination chamber for melons and vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The far-infrared reflective unit includes an aluminum-coated roll film (5), a pull rod (6), and a slide rail (7). The slide rail (7) is arranged in pairs on the top surface and the ground of the greenhouse (1) and in the same direction as the ground rail (3). The length of the slide rail (7) is greater than the length of the ground rail (3). The aluminized film roll (5) is vertically mounted on the slide rail (7) at one end away from the greenhouse (1) door (16) via a rotating shaft, and has the freedom to rotate relative to the rotating shaft; The pull rod (6) is located at the end of the aluminum-coated roll film (5), and the two ends of the pull rod (6) are slidably located in the slide rail (7) via sliders (8).

4. The high-performance seed germination chamber for melons and vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The infrared temperature monitoring unit includes a support rod (9), a universal joint (10), and a non-contact infrared temperature sensor (11). The support rod (9) is hinged to the top of the greenhouse (1) via a mounting base (12) and has the freedom to swing relative to the mounting base (12) in a vertical plane parallel to the ground rail (3). There are multiple universal joints (10). One end of the universal joint (10) is slidably mounted on the support rod (9) through a sleeve (17). A locking screw (13) is provided on the sleeve (17) and is fixed to the support rod (9) through the locking screw (13). The non-contact infrared temperature sensor (11) is located at the other end of the universal joint (10) and is connected in communication with the control unit. It has the degree of freedom to swing at any angle relative to the axis of the universal joint (10).

5. The high-performance seed germination chamber for melons and vegetables according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the support rods (9) is multiple, and they correspond one-to-one with the number of germination racks (2) set on each group of ground rails (3).

6. The high-performance seed germination chamber for melons and vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of germination racks (2) between the far-infrared heating unit and the far-infrared reflecting unit is one or two rows.

7. The high-performance seed germination chamber for melons and vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The germination chamber is provided with one or more partition walls (14), and the partition walls (14) and the side walls of the greenhouse (1) divide the greenhouse (1) into two or more germination chambers (15). Each germination chamber (15) is provided with a far-infrared heating unit, a far-infrared reflection unit, an infrared temperature monitoring unit, a ground rail (3), and a germination rack (2).

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