A wall breaking and decomposing device for straw treatment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of wall breaking decomposition devices for straw processing, it is related to straw processing technical field, including rack, the wall breaking component that is sequentially arranged in the rack from upstream to downstream to the straw is broken, the decomposition component that is decomposed to the straw after breaking wall and the collection box that is collected to material after decomposition;The wall breaking component includes fixedly installed in the rack on the smashing box, the top of the smashing box is provided with feed inlet, side portion is equipped with driving motor.The utility model is by being provided with wall breaking component, straw enters wall breaking component from feed inlet, the smashing mechanism in box is cut, impact and tear to straw, long straw becomes short fiber or scrap in this process, output straw after breaking wall, create necessary condition for the efficient decomposition of next stage, simultaneously, driving motor is transmitted to decomposition component, uses same power source to drive wall breaking component and decomposition component simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of straw treatment technology, specifically a straw processing and decomposition device. Background Technology

[0002] my country is a major agricultural country, generating a large amount of crop straw every year. Traditional straw disposal methods, such as on-site burning, not only cause serious environmental pollution and safety hazards but also lead to a huge waste of biomass resources. Therefore, the resource-based, harmless, and high-value utilization of straw has become a key issue for sustainable agricultural development.

[0003] The existing patent (authorization announcement number: CN223423030U) discloses a cell wall breaking and decomposition device for straw treatment. The key technical point of the solution is that by rotating two crushing rollers at the same time, the two crushing rollers can perform preliminary crushing treatment on the straw material. The crushed straw falls into the steam explosion box, and at the same time, the straw material in the steam explosion box shakes back and forth, which facilitates the increase of the mixing area between the straw material and steam, and facilitates the increase of the cell wall breaking efficiency of the straw.

[0004] However, the above technical solutions still have certain defects. The above equipment only has simple crushing or cutting functions, which can only reduce the size of straw and simply shake the straw, but the depth of destruction of its fiber structure is not deep enough, the cell wall breaking effect is limited, and it is difficult to effectively solve the problem of low subsequent decomposition efficiency. Therefore, a cell wall breaking decomposition device for straw treatment is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cell wall breaking and decomposition device for straw processing, so as to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A straw processing cell wall breaking and decomposition device includes a frame, in which a cell wall breaking component for breaking the straw, a decomposition component for decomposing the broken straw, and a collection box for collecting the decomposed material are arranged sequentially from upstream to downstream. The cell wall breaking assembly includes a crushing box fixedly installed on the frame. The top of the crushing box is provided with a feed inlet, and a drive motor is installed on the side. The output end of the drive motor is connected to a crushing mechanism located inside the crushing box. The bottom of the crushing box is provided with a conveying channel, and the outlet of the conveying channel is provided with a collection box for collecting materials. The decomposition component is located below the cell wall breaking component and includes a decomposition box. The top of the decomposition box is provided with a feeding structure that communicates with the discharge port of the crushing box. A decomposition mechanism is provided inside the decomposition box. The collection box is located at the bottom of the decomposition chamber.

[0007] Based on the above technical solutions, this utility model also provides the following optional technical solutions: As a further embodiment of this utility model: the feeding structure is a feeding channel connecting the conveyor plate of the crushing box and the top of the decomposition box.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the decomposition mechanism includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted in the middle of the decomposition box, multiple sets of crushing parts fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, and a spray head fixedly mounted on the top of the inner wall of the decomposition box; a strainer is provided at the bottom of the decomposition box, and a blocking component for adjusting the discharge port is also provided on its side.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the crushing mechanism includes a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft arranged in parallel, and crushing rollers are fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft respectively. The first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are connected and driven by a pair of meshing gears.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the output end of the drive motor is connected to a drive shaft through a belt transmission mechanism, the drive shaft is connected to a driven shaft through a bevel gear pair, and the driven shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft in the disassembly assembly.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the blocking component includes a guide rail fixedly installed on the side of the disassembly box, an adjusting member slidably disposed on the guide rail, and a baffle fixedly installed at the bottom of the adjusting member.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the front half of the conveyor plate is provided with multiple sets of holes for screening dust and fine debris.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the material conveying channel is a rigid inclined groove.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model sets up a cell wall breaking component. Straw enters the cell wall breaking component from the feed inlet. The crushing mechanism inside the box cuts, impacts and tears the straw. This process turns long straw into short fibers or fragments, producing cell wall broken straw, which creates the necessary conditions for the next stage of efficient decomposition. At the same time, the drive motor transmits power to the decomposition component, using the same power source to drive both the cell wall breaking component and the decomposition component.

[0015] 2. This invention, by incorporating a decomposition component, actively separates excessively fine dust and debris before it enters the decomposition chamber. The resulting decomposition product contains less powdery impurities, exhibiting higher purity and consistency. Whether used as feed or fertilizer, its quality is superior. This allows the decomposing agent within the decomposition chamber to adhere more evenly to appropriately sized straw fragments, improving reaction efficiency and uniformity. Simultaneously, it prevents powdery substances from clogging the spray nozzles or the gaps in the compaction components. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cell-wall breaking component of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disassembly box of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disassembly component of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the blocking component of this utility model.

[0017] Figure label annotations: 1. Frame; 2. Cell wall breaking component; 3. Decomposition component; 4. Blocking mechanism; 5. Drive shaft; 6. Driven shaft; 7. Collection box; 21. Drive motor; 22. Feed inlet; 23. Crushing box; 24. Crushing mechanism; 25. Conveyor plate; 26. Material conveying channel; 27. Collection box; 31. Disintegration box; 32. Rotating shaft; 33. Compactor; 34. Spray nozzle; 35. Grate plate; 41. Guide rail; 42. Adjusting component; 43. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, a straw processing cell wall breaking and decomposition device includes a frame 1. The frame 1 is provided with a cell wall breaking component 2 for breaking the cell wall of straw, a decomposition component 3 for decomposing the broken straw, and a collection box 7 for collecting the decomposed material, arranged sequentially from upstream to downstream. The decomposition component 3 is also provided with a blocking component. In this embodiment, the straw enters the cell wall breaking component 2 from the upstream. The crushing mechanism 24 inside the box cuts, impacts and tears the straw. The decomposition component 3 further decomposes the already broken straw into biological or chemical products. After the decomposition is completed, the operator adjusts the blocking component to lower the baffle 43 and collects the straw processing products through the collection box 7.

[0020] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cell-wall breaking component 2 includes a crushing box 23 fixedly installed on the frame 1. The crushing box 23 has a feed inlet 22 at the top and a drive motor 21 installed on the side. The output end of the drive motor 21 is connected to a crushing mechanism 24 located inside the crushing box 23. The bottom of the crushing box 23 has a conveying channel 26, which is a rigid inclined chute. The outlet of the conveying channel 26 is provided with a collection box 27 for collecting materials. Untreated straw is fed into the crushing box 23 through the feed inlet 22 at the top. The drive motor 21 installed on the side of the crushing box 23 is started, driving the crushing mechanism 24 located inside the crushing box 23 to rotate and shear the straw inside the box. The crushed material falls naturally to the bottom of the crushing box 23 under the action of gravity and is conveyed to the decomposition component 3 through the conveying plate 25. At the same time, dust and other fine particles fall into the conveying channel at the bottom through the holes on the conveying plate 25 and fall into the collection box 27 at the bottom for collection.

[0021] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the crushing mechanism 24 includes a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft arranged in parallel. Crushing rollers are fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft respectively. The first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are connected and driven by a pair of meshing gears. The power of the drive motor 21 is first transmitted to one of the rotating shafts, and the rotation of the first rotating shaft drives the gear to rotate, which in turn drives the second rotating shaft to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction, thereby breaking up the straw.

[0022] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the decomposition component 3 is located below the cell-breaking component 2, including a decomposition box 31. The top of the decomposition box 31 has a feeding structure that communicates with the discharge port of the crushing box 23. A decomposition mechanism is provided inside the decomposition box 31. The collection box 7 is located at the bottom of the decomposition box 31. The feeding structure is a feeding channel that connects the conveyor plate 25 of the crushing box 23 with the top of the decomposition box 31. The front half of the conveyor plate 25 has multiple sets of holes for screening dust and fine fragments. The straw mixture from the cell-breaking component 2 first falls onto the inclined conveyor plate 25. The upper part has multiple sets of holes in the front half. When the crushed material moves forward on the conveyor plate 25, due to vibration or its own gravity, the lighter dust and fine fragments in the mixture will be screened out through these holes and fall directly down. The straw fragments that meet the requirements for subsequent decomposition will remain on the conveyor plate 25 and be conveyed forward to the decomposition box 31. Before entering the decomposition component 3, the excessively fine dust and fragments will be actively separated out. If these fine materials enter the wet decomposition environment, they will easily form a viscous paste, which is not conducive to stirring and aeration, and will affect the decomposition efficiency and quality.

[0023] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the decomposition mechanism includes a rotating shaft 32 rotatably mounted in the middle of the decomposition box 31, multiple sets of crushing components 33 fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 32, and a spray head 34 fixedly mounted on the top of the inner wall of the decomposition box 31; a perforated plate 35 is provided at the bottom of the decomposition box 31; the straw fragments after wall breaking pretreatment enter the decomposition box 31 from the top, and the spray head 34 fixed on the top of the inner wall starts to work, spraying the decomposing agent, such as dilute acid or dilute alkali, downwards evenly to dissolve lignin and hemicellulose. The spray head 34 is connected to a storage tank, and a water pump is installed in the storage tank. The straw after wall breaking has a huge... With its large surface area, the material can absorb the decomposing agents quickly and evenly, like a sponge, laying the foundation for subsequent reactions. The rotating shaft 32 begins to rotate, and the multiple sets of crushing parts 33, such as blades, fixed on it rotate accordingly. The crushing parts 33 repeatedly crush the wet straw that has absorbed the decomposing agents, further mechanically tearing the straw fibers to make their structure looser. At the same time, it ensures that the decomposing agents are in full and even contact with each straw fiber. The material that has been fully crushed and reacted falls to the bottom of the decomposition box 31 under the action of gravity. Only the material that has been decomposed into sufficiently small particles that can pass through the holes of the perforated plate 35 is considered a qualified product and is allowed to be discharged.

[0024] As a supplement: the output end of the drive motor 21 is connected to a drive shaft 5 via a belt drive mechanism. The drive shaft 5 is connected to a driven shaft 6 via a bevel gear pair. The driven shaft 6 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 32 in the disassembly assembly 3. When the drive motor 21 starts, its output shaft begins to rotate, transmitting rotational power to the pulley on the other drive shaft 5. According to the gear meshing principle, the power is transmitted from the horizontal drive shaft 5 to the perpendicular driven shaft 6, thereby driving the rotating shaft 32 to rotate.

[0025] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the blocking assembly includes a guide rail 41 fixedly installed on the side of the decomposition box 31, an adjusting member 42 slidably disposed on the guide rail 41, and a baffle 43 fixedly installed on the bottom of the adjusting member 42. The adjusting member 42, such as a slider, is mounted on the guide rail 41 and can slide up and down along the guide rail 41. The operator controls the position of the adjusting member 42 by manually moving it, and the baffle 43 is directly fixed to the bottom of the adjusting member 42. Therefore, when the adjusting member 42 moves, the baffle 43 also moves synchronously, which can partially or completely block the discharge port at the bottom of the decomposition box 31. When the baffle 43 is raised: the opening degree of the discharge port increases, and the material can be discharged faster. When the baffle 43 is lowered: the opening degree of the discharge port decreases, and the material discharge speed slows down. When the baffle 43 is in a certain intermediate position: the discharge port is partially blocked, realizing stepless adjustment of the discharge speed.

[0026] The above embodiment discloses a straw processing and decomposition device. The straw to be processed is fed into the feed inlet 22 at the top of the crushing box 23. The drive motor 21 is started, and the motor's power directly drives the crushing mechanism 24 inside the crushing box 23. This mechanism, through a pair of meshing gears, drives two shafts equipped with crushing rollers to rotate in opposite directions, powerfully shearing the straw. The crushed straw mixture falls onto an inclined conveyor plate 25. Holes in the front half of the conveyor plate 25 screen out excess dust and fine fragments generated during the crushing process. After screening, the qualified straw fragments slide smoothly and centrally into the decomposition component 3 below through a rigid inclined groove at the end of the conveyor plate 25, relying on gravity. After the material enters the decomposition box 31, the spray head 34 fixed to the top of the inner wall of the box begins to work, uniformly spraying a decomposition agent (such as bacterial solution, enzyme preparation, or chemical solution) downwards. Because the straw has already had its cell walls broken, its surface area is huge, allowing it to quickly and evenly absorb the decomposing agent. The power of the drive motor 21 is transmitted to a drive shaft 5 via a belt drive. This shaft then rotates the power 90 degrees through a bevel gear pair, ultimately driving the rotating shaft 32 inside the decomposition box 31 to rotate synchronously. Multiple sets of crushing components 33 fixed on the rotating shaft 32 rotate accordingly, repeatedly stirring, kneading, and crushing the moist straw. This process not only further physically breaks down the fibers but also ensures thorough mixing and contact between the decomposing agent and the material, greatly accelerating and deepening the decomposition reaction. The size of the discharge port can be controlled by manually adjusting the blocking components (baffles 43) installed on the side guide rails 41 of the decomposition box 31. This determines the residence time of the material in the decomposition box 31. The decomposed material, under the action of gravity, passes through the perforated strainer 35 at the bottom. The strainer 35 serves to drain excess liquid and control the particle size of the final product. Qualified material finally falls into the pull-out collection box 7 at the bottom, completing the entire processing.

[0027] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A straw processing and cell wall breaking decomposition device, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with a cell-breaking component (2) for breaking the cell wall of straw, a decomposition component (3) for decomposing the broken straw, and a collection box (7) for collecting the decomposed material, arranged sequentially from upstream to downstream. The cell wall breaking component (2) includes a crushing box (23) fixedly installed on the frame (1). The crushing box (23) has a feed inlet (22) at the top and a drive motor (21) on the side. The output end of the drive motor (21) is connected to a crushing mechanism (24) located inside the crushing box (23). The bottom of the crushing box (23) is provided with a material conveying channel (26), and the outlet of the material conveying channel (26) is provided with a collection box (27) for collecting materials. The decomposition component (3) is located below the cell wall breaking component (2) and includes a decomposition box (31). The top of the decomposition box (31) is provided with a feeding structure that communicates with the discharge port of the crushing box (23). A decomposition mechanism is provided inside the decomposition box (31). The collection box (7) is located at the bottom of the decomposition box (31).

2. The straw processing cell wall breaking and decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding structure is a feeding channel connecting the conveyor plate (25) of the crushing box (23) and the top of the decomposition box (31).

3. The straw processing cell wall breaking and decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The decomposition mechanism includes a rotating shaft (32) rotatably mounted in the middle of the decomposition box (31), multiple sets of rolling parts (33) fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (32), and a spray head (34) fixedly mounted on the top of the inner wall of the decomposition box (31); a drain plate (35) is provided at the bottom of the decomposition box (31), and a blocking component for adjusting the discharge port is also provided on its side.

4. The straw processing cell wall breaking and decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism (24) includes a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft arranged in parallel. Crushing rollers are fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft respectively. The first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are connected and driven by a pair of meshing gears.

5. The straw processing cell wall breaking and decomposition device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The output end of the drive motor (21) is connected to a drive shaft (5) via a belt drive mechanism. The drive shaft (5) is connected to a driven shaft (6) via a bevel gear pair. The driven shaft (6) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (32) in the disassembly assembly (3).

6. The straw processing cell wall breaking and decomposition device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The blocking assembly includes a guide rail (41) fixedly installed on the side of the disassembly box (31), an adjusting member (42) slidably disposed on the guide rail (41), and a baffle (43) fixedly installed on the bottom of the adjusting member (42).

7. The straw processing cell wall breaking and decomposition device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front half of the conveyor plate (25) has multiple sets of holes for screening dust and fine debris.

8. The straw processing cell wall breaking and decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material conveying channel (26) is a rigid inclined groove.

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