Blood purification device with independent exhaust structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a blood purification device with independent exhaust structure, including the cylinder, both ends of the cylinder are equipped with first end cover and second end cover, be equipped with first filter screen between first end cover with the cylinder, be equipped with second filter screen between second end cover with the cylinder, first end cover and first filter screen form first chamber between, form second chamber between first filter screen and second filter screen, form third chamber between second end cover and second filter screen, be equipped with blood inlet channel on first end cover, be equipped with blood outlet channel on second end cover, still be equipped with exhaust structure on second end cover, and the exhaust structure is used for discharging the gas in first chamber and second chamber when preflushing, when preflushing, can keep the same vertical setting state with treatment time, and preflushing is carried out according to the setting state of normal extracorporeal circulation loop, can exhaust air in blood purification device, can satisfy the requirement of exhaust operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically a blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure. Background Technology

[0002] Blood purification is a treatment method that involves drawing a patient's blood from the body into an extracorporeal circulation system. In a blood purification device, adsorbents (such as activated carbon and resin) bind with metabolic products, toxic substances, and drugs to be removed from the body, thus eliminating these substances. In recent years, with the development and technological advancements of new blood purification devices, it has found wider application in the rescue and treatment of various serious clinical conditions, including severe infections, severe liver failure, end-stage renal disease (uremia), and various autoimmune diseases, in addition to drug or toxin poisoning.

[0003] Blood purification devices are generally cylindrical, consisting of a shell formed by a cylinder, filters at both ends, and end caps, as well as an adsorbent filled inside the shell between the filters. The end caps have blood circuit interfaces that connect to the extracorporeal circulation system during purification. Blood enters the shell through this system and combines with the adsorbent, adsorbing toxic substances. The adsorbed blood is then returned to the body for recirculation. However, current blood purification devices have a significant drawback in their venting method: air inside the device is trapped by a water film on the filters, hindering its expulsion through the circulation system. Since air is present in both the circulation system and the device before use, it must be completely purged before treatment. If air is not expelled and enters the body, it can lead to shock and endanger life. Current products require the use of a rubber mallet to tap the device during venting to break up the water film on the filters and expel the air. The disadvantages of this venting method are: (1) the tapping time is relatively long, about 1-3 minutes, which often causes the operator's hand to ache and reduces the operator's user experience; (2) the shell may be cracked during tapping, resulting in scrapped products; (3) the air cannot be completely expelled, and the air bubbles that cannot be expelled are easy to enter the human body, increasing the risk of treatment.

[0004] Currently, some blood purification devices are equipped with additional tubing that passes through a filter. During the pre-filling of the blood purification device, air and saline solution are discharged from the tubing. However, because the tubing passes through a filter, adsorbent particles inside the filter can easily be discharged directly from the tubing, causing adsorbent loss. At the same time, if the tubing is directly connected to the circulation pipeline, adsorbent particles can contaminate the circulation pipeline, posing a risk that adsorbent particles may enter the human body during subsequent blood purification processes.

[0005] Another approach involves adding a protruding column to the side of the blood purification device's casing. This column contains an exhaust outlet, and a filter membrane is installed within the outlet. During pre-charging, the gas from the lower end of the blood purification device's column is first discharged through the filter membrane in the exhaust outlet. However, this exhaust method also has significant drawbacks: the exhaust outlet is located on the side of the column, requiring the column to be placed horizontally during exhaust. Because the exhaust outlet is in the middle of the column, gas is difficult to expel. Furthermore, this exhaust outlet only discharges gas from the inner cavity of the column; gas in the cavity between the end cap at the inlet and the filter screen also needs to reach the inner cavity of the column to be discharged. To overcome the water film on the filter screen, it is still necessary to use a rubber mallet to tap the blood purification device body to break up the water film on the filter screen, resulting in relatively low exhaust efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure that can meet the requirements of exhaust operation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure includes a column, with a first end cap and a second end cap at each end of the column. A first filter screen is disposed between the first end cap and the column, and a second filter screen is disposed between the second end cap and the column. A first chamber is formed between the first end cap and the first filter screen, a second chamber is formed between the first filter screen and the second filter screen, and a third chamber is formed between the second end cap and the second filter screen. A blood inlet channel is provided on the first end cap, and a blood outlet channel is provided on the second end cap. An exhaust structure is also provided on the second end cap for discharging gas from the first and second chambers during pre-purging.

[0009] Furthermore, the pore size of the second filter screen is smaller than that of the first filter screen.

[0010] Furthermore, the pore size of the first filter screen is 250-500μm; the pore size of the second filter screen is 150-250μm.

[0011] Furthermore, the exhaust structure includes an exhaust outlet disposed on the second end cover, and the exhaust outlet has an exhaust nozzle on the outside facing away from the first end cover.

[0012] Furthermore, end caps are installed on the blood inlet channel and the blood outlet channel respectively; a protective cap is installed on the exhaust nozzle.

[0013] Furthermore, the second end cap has a protrusion facing the inside of the first end cap, the exhaust outlet passes through the protrusion, and the inner end of the protrusion abuts against the second filter screen, so that the area of ​​the second filter screen near the exhaust outlet forms an exhaust suction area.

[0014] Furthermore, the second filter screen includes a second mesh frame and a second filter cloth installed within the second mesh frame. The second mesh frame is provided with an exhaust vent corresponding to the exhaust outlet. A filter membrane is provided within the exhaust vent, and the filter membrane is attached to the inner end of the boss. The exhaust vent is connected to the exhaust outlet only through the filter membrane. The filter membrane has a microporous structure that allows gas to pass through but blocks the permeation of adsorbent particles and liquid.

[0015] Furthermore, the exhaust through-hole includes a countersunk section and an exhaust inlet section. The inner diameter of the countersunk section is larger than the inner diameter of the exhaust inlet section. A stepped surface for mounting the filter membrane is formed between the countersunk section and the exhaust inlet section. The inner end of the boss extends into the countersunk section, and the filter membrane is located between the inner end of the boss and the bottom of the countersunk section.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner end face of the boss is provided with at least one sealing ring that surrounds the entire circumference for sealing and cooperating with the filter membrane.

[0017] Furthermore, an arc transition slope is provided between the side of the exhaust inlet section facing the first end cover and the end face of the second mesh frame; the axial length of the exhaust inlet section is less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the filter membrane is made of a high-molecular waterproof and antibacterial material.

[0019] Furthermore, the second filter cloth is provided with filter holes corresponding to the exhaust holes.

[0020] Furthermore, the column and the second grid frame are provided with positioning marks for locating the exhaust outlet and exhaust through hole positions.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] This utility model relates to a blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure. By setting an exhaust structure on the second end cap, the blood purification device can maintain the same vertical setting as during treatment when pre-flushing. During pre-flushing, there is no need to place the blood purification device horizontally or invert it for exhaust, nor is there a need to change the flow direction of the pre-flushing fluid for exhaust. Pre-flushing according to the normal setting of the extracorporeal circulation circuit can completely remove the air from the blood purification device, improve the operating efficiency of medical staff, and meet the requirements of exhaust operation.

[0023] This utility model also has the following technical effects:

[0024] (1) The pore size of the second filter is set to be smaller than that of the first filter. In this way, since the pore size of the first filter is larger, it is not easy to generate a water film while preventing adsorbent particles from passing through. During exhaust, the gas in the first chamber can easily enter the second chamber. The pore size of the second filter is smaller, which more effectively blocks adsorbent particles and particle fragments that may be generated during transportation, ensuring the safety of the treatment process. At the same time, since the exhaust structure is set on the second end cap near the second filter, the gas can more easily cross the second filter and be discharged under the action of exhaust adsorption force, which can improve the exhaust effect and efficiency.

[0025] (2) By setting a boss on the inside of the second end cover, the exhaust hole passes through the boss and the inner end of the boss approaches the second filter screen. In this way, an exhaust adsorption zone can be formed in the area of ​​the second filter screen near the boss to enhance the exhaust adsorption force. The gas can pass through the second filter screen more easily and be discharged, which can improve the exhaust effect and efficiency.

[0026] (3) An exhaust channel is set on the second grid corresponding to the exhaust outlet, and a filter membrane is set in the exhaust channel. The filter membrane is made of a high-polymer waterproof material and has a micro-pore structure that allows gas to pass through but blocks the penetration of adsorbent particles and liquid.

[0027] (4) By setting a countersunk section and an exhaust inlet section in the exhaust channel, and installing the filter membrane on the stepped surface between the countersunk section and the exhaust inlet section; after installation, the boss extends into the countersunk section and presses the filter membrane to fix it, which can not only meet the exhaust requirements, but also effectively improve the sealing performance.

[0028] (5) By setting filter screen holes on the second filter screen cloth corresponding to the exhaust holes, the water film formed on the second filter screen cloth can be further avoided from hindering the exhaust and improving the exhaust efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the following drawings are provided for illustration:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of region A;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first filter screen;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second filter screen;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second filter cloth;

[0035] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure in this embodiment.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0037] 10-Column; 101-Positioning mark; 11-First chamber; 12-Second chamber; 13-Third chamber; 20-First end cap; 21-Blood inlet channel; 22-End cap; 30-Second end cap; 31-Blood outlet channel; 32-End cap; 33-Exhaust outlet; 34-Exhaust nozzle; 35-Protective cap; 36-Boss; 37-Sealing ring; 40-First filter screen; 41-First mesh frame; 42-First filter cloth; 50-Second filter screen; 51-Second mesh frame; 511-Positioning mark; 52-Second filter cloth; 53-Exhaust through hole; 531-Counterhead section; 532-Exhaust inlet section; 533-Circular transition slope; 54-Filter membrane; 55-Filter through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure includes a column 10. A first end cap 20 and a second end cap 30 are respectively provided at both ends of the column 10. A first filter screen 40 is provided between the first end cap 20 and the column 10, and a second filter screen 50 is provided between the second end cap 30 and the column 10. A first chamber 11 is formed between the first end cap 20 and the first filter screen 40, a second chamber 12 is formed between the first filter screen 40 and the second filter screen 50, and a third chamber 13 is formed between the second end cap 30 and the second filter screen 50. Adsorbent material is disposed in the second chamber 12. In this embodiment, the first end cap 20 is provided with a blood inlet channel 21, and an end cap 22 is installed on the blood inlet channel 21; the second end cap 30 is provided with a blood outlet channel 31, and an end cap 32 is installed on the blood outlet channel 31. Specifically, the second end cap 30 in this embodiment is also provided with an exhaust structure, which is used to exhaust the gas in the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 during pre-purging.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the first filter screen 40 includes a first mesh frame 41 and a first filter cloth 42 installed in the first mesh frame 41. Preferably, the first mesh frame 41 and the first filter cloth 42 are integrally formed by injection molding, which can ensure the bonding strength between the first mesh frame 41 and the first filter cloth 42.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the second filter 50 includes a second mesh frame 51 and a second filter cloth 52 installed in the first mesh frame 51. Preferably, the second mesh frame 51 and the second filter cloth 52 are integrally formed by injection molding, which can ensure the bonding strength between the second mesh frame 51 and the second filter cloth 52.

[0042] In addition, to ensure sealing performance, the column 10 is sealed to both the first end cap 20 and the second end cap 30. In this embodiment, the column 10 is welded to the first end cap 20 and the second end cap 30, respectively. The welding method can be infrared welding or ultrasonic welding, which can ensure the sealing performance between the column 10 and the first end cap 20 and the second end cap 30.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of this example, the pore size of the second filter 50 is smaller than that of the first filter 40. Specifically, by setting the pore size of the second filter 50 to be smaller than that of the first filter 40, the first filter 40, with its larger pore size, is less prone to forming a water film, allowing gas in the first chamber 11 to easily enter the second chamber 12 during exhaust. The smaller pore size of the second filter 50, however, prevents adsorbent particles from passing through, ensuring the safety of the treatment process. Simultaneously, because the exhaust structure is located on the second end cap 30 near the second filter 50, gas can more easily cross the second filter 50 and be discharged under the exhaust adsorption force, improving the exhaust effect and efficiency. In this embodiment, the pore size of the first filter 40 is 250-500 μm, which can prevent adsorbent particles from entering the first chamber 11 and prevents the formation of a water film on its surface, ensuring smooth gas passage. The second filter screen 50 has a pore size of 150-250μm, which can completely block adsorbent particles and impurities from entering the third chamber 13 and ensure the safety of blood at the outlet. However, it is easy to form a water film. By providing filter screen holes 55 on the second filter screen cloth 52 corresponding to the exhaust holes 53, the water film can be eliminated and the exhaust can be quickly vented.

[0044] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in this embodiment, the exhaust structure includes an exhaust outlet 33 disposed on the second end cover 30, and an exhaust nozzle 34 is provided on the outer side of the exhaust outlet 33 facing away from the first end cover 20. Specifically, a protective cap 35 is installed on the exhaust nozzle 34.

[0045] In one embodiment of this invention, the second end cap 30 has a protrusion 36 on its inner side facing the first end cap 20, and the exhaust outlet 33 passes through the protrusion 36. The inner end of the protrusion 36 abuts against the second filter screen 50, so that the area of ​​the second filter screen 50 near the exhaust outlet forms an exhaust suction area. In this way, an exhaust adsorption area can be formed in the area of ​​the second filter screen 50 near the protrusion 36 to enhance the exhaust adsorption force, allowing gas to more easily cross the second filter screen and be discharged, thereby improving the exhaust effect and efficiency.

[0046] In another embodiment of this invention, the second mesh frame 51 is provided with an exhaust through-hole 53 corresponding to the exhaust outlet 33. A filter membrane 54 is provided inside the exhaust through-hole 53, and the filter membrane 54 is attached to the inner end of the boss 36. The exhaust through-hole 53 is connected to the exhaust outlet 33 only through the filter membrane 54. In this embodiment, the filter membrane 54 is made of a high-polymer waterproof and antibacterial material, and the filter membrane 54 has a microporous structure that allows gas to pass through but blocks the penetration of adsorbent particles and liquid. At the same time, the filter membrane 54 also has an antibacterial effect. The inner end of the boss 36 is connected to the second mesh frame 51 to prevent the exhaust through-hole 53 from directly communicating with the third chamber 13, so as to prevent the liquid and adsorbent particles in the second chamber 12 from flowing out from the exhaust through-hole 53. By attaching the filter membrane 54 to the boss 36, on the one hand, the exhaust adsorption force can be further improved, the exhaust effect and efficiency can be improved, and on the other hand, the sealing effect between the filter membrane 54 and the boss 36 can be enhanced, preventing the gas in the exhaust outlet 33 from entering the third chamber 13.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the exhaust through-hole 53 in this embodiment includes a countersunk section 531 and an exhaust inlet section 532. The inner diameter of the countersunk section 531 is larger than the inner diameter of the exhaust inlet section 532. Thus, a stepped surface for installing the filter membrane 54 is formed between the countersunk section 531 and the exhaust inlet section 532. After assembly, the inner end of the boss 36 extends into the countersunk section 531, and the filter membrane 54 is located between the inner end of the boss 36 and the bottom of the hole in the countersunk section 531, further achieving the technical purpose of positioning and installing the filter membrane 54.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of this example, the inner end face of the column 36 is provided with at least one sealing protrusion 37 for sealing and cooperating with the filter membrane 54. After assembly, the sealing protrusion 37 is pressed into the filter membrane 54, which can further improve the sealing effect between the column 36 and the filter membrane 54.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, an arc transition slope 533 is provided between the side of the exhaust inlet section 532 facing the first end cap 20 and the end face of the second mesh frame 51 to ensure that gas can smoothly enter the exhaust through hole 53, while the liquid in the exhaust inlet section 532 can smoothly return to the second chamber 13. In actual treatment, this can prevent the formation of dead space in the exhaust through hole 53 and the occurrence of coagulation.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of this example, the axial length of the exhaust inlet section 532 is less than or equal to 1 mm, which allows air to enter the exhaust through hole 53 smoothly, while ensuring that liquid does not form a dead space in the exhaust through hole 53, thus avoiding blood clotting.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of this example, the second filter cloth 52 is provided with filter holes 55 corresponding to the exhaust holes 53, such as... Figure 4 As shown, this can further avoid the water film formed on the second filter cloth 52 from hindering the exhaust and improve exhaust efficiency.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the column 10 and the second mesh frame 51 are provided with positioning marks 101 and 511 for locating the exhaust outlet 33 and the exhaust through hole 53, so as to achieve accurate positioning when assembling the column 10, the second mesh frame 51 and the second end cap 30. Figure 6 As shown. Thus, when assembled with the column 10, it can be used to position the exhaust through hole 53, so that the exhaust through hole 53 is connected to the exhaust outlet 33.

[0053] The method of using the blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure in this embodiment is as follows: First, remove the end cap 22 on the blood inlet channel 21 and the end cap 32 on the blood outlet channel 31. Connect the blood inlet channel 21 to the arterial connector of the circulation pipeline, and connect the blood outlet channel 3 to the venous connector of the circulation pipeline. The liquid enters the first chamber 11 through the blood inlet channel 21. Since the second filter cloth 52 is a coarse mesh with a large pore size, it is not easy to form a water film. Gently tap and shake the tank to allow the gas in the first chamber 11 to pass through the second filter cloth 52 and be discharged into the second chamber 12. When all the gas in the first chamber 11 has been discharged into the second chamber 13, open the protective cap on the exhaust nozzle 34. Slightly tilt the blood purification device to the opposite side of the exhaust outlet 33 to ensure that the exhaust outlet 33 is tilted upwards, so that the gas in the second chamber 12 can smoothly enter the exhaust inlet section 532. At this time, the gas in the second chamber 13 will be discharged from the exhaust outlet 33 through the filter membrane 4. Due to the obstruction of the filter membrane 4, the adsorbent particles and liquid in the second chamber 12 cannot be discharged. Due to the positive pressure in the second chamber 12, the external air cannot enter the second chamber 12. At the same time, the gas in the third chamber 13 is discharged into the circulation pipeline through the blood outlet channel 31 at the outlet end. After the gas in the second chamber 12 is completely discharged, put the protective cap 35 back on the exhaust nozzle 34 and tighten it to ensure the sterile environment of the inner cavity.

[0054] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments provided to fully illustrate the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure, comprising a column, wherein a first end cap and a second end cap are respectively provided at both ends of the column, a first filter screen is provided between the first end cap and the column, and a second filter screen is provided between the second end cap and the column; a first chamber is formed between the first end cap and the first filter screen, a second chamber is formed between the first filter screen and the second filter screen, and a third chamber is formed between the second end cap and the second filter screen; a blood inlet channel is provided on the first end cap, and a blood outlet channel is provided on the second end cap; characterized in that: The second end cap is also provided with an exhaust structure, which is used to discharge the gas in the first chamber and the second chamber during pre-filling; The pore size of the second filter screen is smaller than that of the first filter screen; The second end cap has a protrusion facing the inside of the first end cap, the exhaust outlet passes through the protrusion, and the inner end of the protrusion abuts against the second filter screen, so that the area of ​​the second filter screen near the exhaust outlet forms an exhaust suction area; The second filter screen includes a second mesh frame and a second filter cloth installed in the second mesh frame. The second mesh frame is provided with an exhaust through hole corresponding to the exhaust outlet. A filter membrane is provided in the exhaust through hole. The filter membrane is attached to the inner end of the boss. The exhaust through hole is connected to the exhaust outlet through the filter membrane. The filter membrane has a microporous structure that allows gas to pass through but blocks the permeation of adsorbent particles and liquid.

2. The blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first filter screen has a pore size of 250-500μm; the second filter screen has a pore size of 150-250μm.

3. The blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust structure includes an exhaust outlet disposed on the second end cover, and an exhaust nozzle is provided on the outside of the exhaust outlet facing away from the first end cover.

4. The blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust through-hole includes a countersunk section and an exhaust inlet section. The inner diameter of the countersunk section is larger than the inner diameter of the exhaust inlet section. A stepped surface for mounting the filter membrane is formed between the countersunk section and the exhaust inlet section. The inner end of the boss extends into the countersunk section, and the filter membrane is located between the inner end of the boss and the bottom of the countersunk section.

5. The blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner end face of the boss is provided with at least one sealing ring that surrounds the filter membrane for sealing cooperation.

6. The blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust inlet section has a rounded transition slope between the side facing the first end cover and the end face of the second grid frame; the axial length of the exhaust inlet section is less than or equal to 1 mm.

7. The blood purification device with an independent exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter membrane is made of a high-molecular waterproof and antibacterial material.

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