Energy storage battery with fire extinguishing function
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522285772.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-29
AI Technical Summary
[0004]针对现有技术的不足，本实用新型提供了一种具有灭火功能的储能电池，解决了现有储能消防依赖外部消防水，虽易得、有效且经济，但存在响应延迟、覆盖不全、难渗透电池模组内部等问题，无法遏制火灾蔓延，难以满足快速响应需求的技术问题，达到了在储能系统内热失控第一时间响应并对储能系统进行灭火，避免响应延迟，导致火灾蔓延的目的
1、本实用新型通过热电偶和烟雾传感器分别检测到液冷板温度异常升高，且有烟雾生出，此时电磁阀打开，将冷却水通过侧边管导入侧边板的空腔内，并通过喷淋孔喷出，对液冷板进行漫灌灭火，且根据伯努利原理，内宽外窄的锥形喷淋孔使冷却水流速加快，从而更便于冷却水渗入电池模组内部进行灭火，相较于传统外部消防水系统接水灭火，其响应快速，快速扑灭火源，避免火势蔓延。
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Figure CN224877206U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage battery technology, and in particular to an energy storage battery with fire extinguishing function. Background Technology
[0002] The rapid development of electrochemical energy storage technology has brought about an energy revolution, but the safety issues of energy storage systems are also becoming increasingly prominent. The shortcomings of conventional battery packs have become the core problem of safety issues, among which fire accidents caused by battery thermal runaway are the most serious.
[0003] Existing energy storage systems largely rely on external fire suppression systems for fire handling. While these systems offer advantages in terms of availability, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness, significant drawbacks have emerged in practical applications. With the surge in energy storage cabinet shipments and the expansion of application scenarios, thermal runaway events are becoming increasingly frequent. External fire suppression systems suffer from issues such as response delays, incomplete coverage, and difficulty in penetrating the battery modules, failing to contain the spread of fires. Numerous accidents involving containerized energy storage power stations in recent years have amply demonstrated that traditional fire protection designs are insufficient to meet the rapid fire suppression requirements of energy storage systems. A breakthrough in structural design is urgently needed to construct an integrated, high-efficiency safety protection system, ensuring the safe and large-scale application of electrochemical energy storage technology. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an energy storage battery with fire extinguishing function. It solves the technical problems of existing energy storage fire protection relying on external fire water, which, although readily available, effective and economical, suffers from issues such as response delay, incomplete coverage, and difficulty in penetrating the battery module, thus failing to contain the spread of fire and meet the requirements for rapid response. This invention achieves the goal of responding to thermal runaway in the energy storage system at the first moment and extinguishing the fire in the energy storage system, avoiding response delays that could lead to the spread of fire.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an energy storage battery with fire extinguishing function, comprising an energy storage battery, wherein the energy storage battery comprises a liquid cooling plate and a battery module stacked sequentially from bottom to top, inlet and outlet water mains are symmetrically installed on both sides of the front of the energy storage battery, inlet and outlet water pipes connected to the inlet and outlet water mains are fixedly connected to both sides of the liquid cooling plate, and side plates attached to the side walls of the battery module are fixedly connected to both sides of the liquid cooling plate, and spray holes for fire extinguishing are arrayed on the side plates, and multiple thermocouples for detecting thermal runaway and smoke sensors for identifying smoke and open flames are arrayed and staggered on the side plates, and a side pipe connected to the inlet and outlet water mains is fixedly connected to the port of the side plate, and a solenoid valve for controlling liquid inlet is integrated on the side pipe.
[0006] A further improvement is that the side plate has a hollow structure inside, and the spray holes are tapered holes that are wider inside and narrower outside.
[0007] A further improvement is that a miniature booster pump is installed on the side plate, the side tube is connected to the interface of the miniature booster pump, and both the solenoid valve and the miniature booster pump are electrically connected to the thermocouple and the smoke sensor.
[0008] A further improvement is that a heat dissipation channel is provided inside the liquid cooling plate, and a flooding hole for water to be injected into the battery module for fire extinguishing is provided along the heat dissipation channel on the bottom surface of the liquid cooling plate. A bismuth-based alloy is welded on the flooding hole.
[0009] A further improvement is that thermocouples and smoke sensors are also arranged in an array at the bottom of the liquid cooling plate, and pressure sensors are installed on the top wall of the heat dissipation channel.
[0010] A further improvement is that the heat dissipation channel adopts a structure combining a serpentine channel and an annular channel, and a baffle strip is installed inside the heat dissipation channel.
[0011] By employing the above technical solution, this utility model provides an energy storage battery with fire extinguishing function, which has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model detects an abnormal rise in the temperature of the liquid cooling plate and the generation of smoke by using thermocouples and smoke sensors. At this time, the solenoid valve opens, and cooling water is introduced into the cavity of the side plate through the side pipe and sprayed out through the spray holes to flood the liquid cooling plate for fire extinguishing. According to Bernoulli's principle, the conical spray holes with a wider inner diameter and a narrower outer diameter increase the flow rate of the cooling water, making it easier for the cooling water to penetrate into the battery module for fire extinguishing. Compared with traditional external fire-fighting water systems, it has a faster response, quickly extinguishes the fire source, and prevents the fire from spreading.
[0012] 2. When the battery module catches fire, its temperature rises, exceeding the melting point of 138°C of the bismuth-based alloy, causing the bismuth-based alloy to melt and exposing the flooding holes. Cooling water in the heat dissipation channel flows continuously from the flooding holes to flood and extinguish the fire inside the battery module. Combined with the spraying from the external spray holes, it achieves coordinated fire extinguishing from both inside and outside, improving the efficiency of fire extinguishing. Attached Figure Description
[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this application and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application.
[0014] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate and its structure according to this utility model; Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 Enlarged cross-sectional view of section A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a top-down view of the internal structure of the liquid cooling plate of this utility model; Figure 5 This utility model Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the liquid cooling plate structure of this utility model; Figure 7 This utility model Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point C.
[0015] In the diagram: 1. Energy storage battery; 2. Liquid cooling plate; 31. Heat dissipation channel; 32. Flooding hole; 33. Bismuth-based alloy; 34. Pressure sensor; 35. Baffle strip; 3. Battery module; 4. Inlet and outlet water mains; 5. Inlet and outlet water pipes; 6. Side panel; 7. Spray hole; 8. Thermocouple; 9. Smoke sensor; 10. Side pipe; 11. Solenoid valve; 12. Miniature booster pump. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0017] Example 1 Currently, existing energy storage fire suppression systems rely on external fire-fighting water, which, while readily available, effective, and economical, suffers from problems such as response delays, incomplete coverage, and difficulty in penetrating the battery module's interior. These issues prevent the spread of fire and fail to meet rapid response requirements. This embodiment provides an energy storage battery with fire extinguishing capabilities. It can respond immediately to thermal runaway within the energy storage system and extinguish the fire, avoiding response delays that could lead to fire spread. Please refer to... Figures 1-7 The fire-extinguishing energy storage battery includes an energy storage battery 1, which includes a liquid cooling plate 2 and a battery module 3 stacked from bottom to top. Water inlet and outlet main pipes 4 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the front of the energy storage battery 1. Water inlet and outlet pipes 5 connected to the water inlet and outlet main pipes 4 are fixed to both sides of the liquid cooling plate 2. Side plates 6 are fixed to both sides of the liquid cooling plate 2 and are attached to the side walls of the battery module 3. Spray holes 7 for fire extinguishing are arrayed on the side plates 6. Multiple thermocouples 8 for detecting thermal runaway and smoke sensors 9 for identifying smoke and open flames are arrayed and staggered on the side plates 6. Side pipes 10 connected to the water inlet and outlet main pipes 4 are fixed to the port of the side plates 6. A solenoid valve 11 for controlling liquid inlet is integrated on the side pipes 10.
[0018] The side plate 6 has a hollow internal structure, and the spray holes 7 are tapered holes that are wider inside and narrower outside. Under normal conditions, cooling water is introduced into the liquid cooling plate 2 through the right-side inlet / outlet main pipe 4 and then flows back into the left-side inlet / outlet main pipe 4 from the left-side inlet / outlet pipe 5, achieving cooling water circulation and cooling. However, when the thermocouple 8 and smoke sensor 9 on the side plate 6 detect an abnormal temperature rise in the liquid cooling plate 2 and the generation of smoke, the central controller issues a warning. A thermal runaway alarm is triggered, and the solenoid valve 11 is opened. Cooling water from the main water inlet / outlet pipe 4 is introduced into the cavity of the side plate 6 through the side pipe 10 and sprayed out through the spray holes 7 to flood the liquid cooling plate 2 for fire extinguishing. Since the spray holes 7 are tapered holes with a wider inner diameter and a narrower outer diameter, the cooling water flow rate is increased according to Bernoulli's principle, making it easier for the cooling water to penetrate into the battery module 3 for fire extinguishing. Compared with traditional external fire-fighting water systems, it has a faster response, quickly extinguishes the fire source, and prevents the fire from spreading.
[0019] Because the water pressure inside the inlet and outlet water pipes 5 drops sharply after the cooling water is introduced into the side plate 6 through the side pipe 10, which may affect the fire extinguishing effect, a miniature booster pump 12 is installed on the side plate 6. The side pipe 10 is connected to the interface of the miniature booster pump 12, and the solenoid valve 11 and the miniature booster pump 12 are electrically connected to the thermocouple 8 and the smoke sensor 9. When thermal runaway is detected, the miniature booster pump 12 starts and boosts the water in the inlet and outlet water pipes 4 into the side plate 6, thereby ensuring the water pressure in the side plate 6 and better spraying the cooling water into the battery module 3 through the spray hole 7, so as to penetrate deep into the battery module 3 and extinguish the fire from the source.
[0020] Example 2 Based on Example 1, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, since the battery module 3 usually catches fire from within when thermal runaway occurs, a heat dissipation channel 31 is provided inside the liquid cooling plate 2 to extinguish the fire as quickly as possible and prevent its spread. A flooding hole 32 for water to be injected into the battery module 3 for fire extinguishing is provided along the heat dissipation channel 31 on the bottom surface of the liquid cooling plate 2. A bismuth-based alloy 33 is welded onto the flooding hole 32. The bismuth-based alloy 33 is welded into the flooding hole 32 using a laser micro-fusion welding process, and the welding temperature can be controlled below 120°C to prevent the bismuth from burning during welding. The bismuth-based alloy 33 is directly heated and melts. When the battery module 3 catches fire, its temperature rises and exceeds the melting point of 138°C of the bismuth-based alloy 33, causing the bismuth-based alloy 33 to melt and expose the flooding hole 32. At this time, as the inlet and outlet water mains 4 continue to supply cooling water, the cooling water in the heat dissipation channel 31 flows out from the flooding hole 32 to flood and extinguish the fire inside the battery module 3. Combined with the spraying from the outer spray holes 7, it achieves coordinated fire extinguishing from both inside and outside, improving the efficiency of fire extinguishing.
[0021] Furthermore, thermocouples 8 and smoke sensors 9 are also installed in an array at the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 2, and pressure sensors 34 are installed on the top wall of the heat dissipation channel 31. In order to avoid a single detection device from falsely triggering the thermal runaway warning, thermocouples 8 for detecting thermal runaway and smoke sensors 9 for identifying smoke and open flames are set on the liquid cooling plate 2, as well as pressure sensors 34 for real-time monitoring of water pressure in the heat dissipation channel 31. When all three are triggered at the same time, the surface battery module 3 will experience thermal runaway, and an alarm will be sent to the central controller in time to remind the staff to stop the machine in time.
[0022] To improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate 2 and minimize the risk of thermal runaway in the battery module 3, the heat dissipation channel 31 adopts a structure combining serpentine and annular flow channels, and a baffle strip 35 is installed inside the heat dissipation channel 31. The serpentine and annular heat dissipation channel 31, through its continuously bent serpentine path, can evenly cover the planar area of the battery module 3, ensuring maximum contact between the cooling water and the battery surface, and removing large-area uniform heat. For the hot spots of the battery module 3, the annular structure forms localized surrounding cooling, using the circumferential water flow circulation to enhance local convection heat transfer, avoiding the accumulation of local hot spots that trigger thermal runaway. In conjunction with the baffle strip 35, the water flow is disturbed, changing laminar flow to turbulent flow, thereby enhancing heat transfer efficiency.
[0023] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0024] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A fire-extinguishing energy storage battery, comprising an energy storage battery (1), characterized in that: The energy storage battery (1) includes a liquid cooling plate (2) and a battery module (3) stacked from bottom to top. The front sides of the energy storage battery (1) are symmetrically equipped with water inlet and outlet main pipelines (4). The liquid cooling plate (2) is fixedly connected to the water inlet and outlet main pipelines (4) with water inlet and outlet pipes (5). The liquid cooling plate (2) is fixedly connected to the side walls of the battery module (3) with side plates (6). Spray holes (7) for spraying water to extinguish fire are arrayed on the side plates (6). Multiple thermocouples (8) for detecting thermal runaway and smoke sensors (9) for identifying smoke and open flame are arrayed and staggered on the side plates (6). The side pipe (10) connected to the water inlet and outlet main pipelines (4) is fixedly connected to the side plate (6). The side pipe (10) is integrated with a solenoid valve (11) for controlling liquid inlet.
2. The energy storage battery with fire extinguishing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side plate (6) has a hollow structure inside, and the spray hole (7) is a tapered hole that is wider inside and narrower outside.
3. The energy storage battery with fire extinguishing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A micro booster pump (12) is installed on the side plate (6). The side tube (10) is connected to the interface of the micro booster pump (12). The solenoid valve (11) and the micro booster pump (12) are electrically connected to the thermocouple (8) and the smoke sensor (9).
4. The energy storage battery with fire extinguishing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate (2) has a heat dissipation channel (31) inside. The bottom surface of the liquid cooling plate (2) has a flooding hole (32) for water to be injected into the battery module (3) for fire extinguishing along the heat dissipation channel (31). A bismuth-based alloy (33) is welded on the flooding hole (32).
5. The energy storage battery with fire extinguishing function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the liquid cooling plate (2) is also equipped with an array of thermocouples (8) and smoke sensors (9), and the top wall of the heat dissipation channel (31) is equipped with a pressure sensor (34).
6. The energy storage battery with fire extinguishing function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat dissipation channel (31) adopts a structure combining a serpentine channel and an annular channel, and a baffle strip (35) is installed inside the heat dissipation channel (31).