A sand filter tank

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sand filter tank, include: filter tank body, the filter tank body is cylindrical, and the inside forms circular accommodating cavity, the inner chamber bottom end of filter tank body is provided with water distribution and gas distribution chamber, the supporting layer and the filter layer from below to above in proper order, floating type flow guide subassembly, floating type flow guide subassembly includes slide rod and float, the slide rod fixed connection in the circle center position of filter tank body inner chamber bottom, the float slidingly covers and sets up in the outer periphery of slide rod, the float is in surface adhesion in filter layer, and the outer periphery of float is in adhesion with the inner wall of filter tank body. The utility model discloses through the cooperation of each component, effectively avoided the structural damage that filter material produced because of the direct impact of water flow, completely eliminated the backwashing dead angle, need not additional power source drive, simple structure and strong adaptability, both reduced the reconstruction and operation cost, and significantly improved the water distribution uniformity and backwashing thoroughness, guarantee the water quality and equipment long -term stable high -efficient operation simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sand filter technology, and in particular to a sand filter. Background Technology

[0002] Sand filters are widely used filtration equipment in the field of water treatment. Their filtration performance is closely related to the structural stability of the filter media layer, the uniformity of water flow distribution, and the cleanliness of backwashing.

[0003] During operation, the influent water flow directly impacts the surface of the filter media layer, which can easily cause local depressions or accumulation of the filter media, damaging the overall structure of the filter layer and thus affecting the filtration efficiency and effect. At the same time, the water flow during the backwashing stage is difficult to spread evenly in the filter, and the edge area of ​​the filter often forms a washing dead corner, resulting in incomplete cleaning of the filter media and gradual decline in filtration performance after long-term use.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies have developed improved solutions such as independent water distribution devices and power-driven sand leveling mechanisms. However, these solutions generally suffer from drawbacks such as complex structures, the need for additional power sources, and a large number of parts. Furthermore, they often require significant modifications to the existing sand filter's structure or piping system, resulting in poor adaptability. It is difficult to simplify the structure and reduce costs while simultaneously improving filtration efficiency and backwashing efficiency, thus failing to meet the practical application requirements for efficient, convenient, and low-cost operation of sand filters. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a sand filter to solve the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A sand filter, comprising: The filter body is cylindrical with a circular cavity inside. The bottom of the cavity of the filter body is provided with a water distribution and air distribution chamber, a support layer and a filter layer from bottom to top. A floating flow guiding assembly includes a sliding rod and a floating disc. The sliding rod is fixedly connected to the center position at the bottom of the inner cavity of the filter body. The floating disc is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the sliding rod and is attached to the surface of the filter layer. The outer periphery of the floating disc is attached to the inner wall of the filter body. The floating disc has several through holes evenly distributed in a honeycomb pattern. The through holes are inverted conical in shape, with the upper end diameter smaller than the lower end diameter. The upper end diameter of the through holes is smaller than the particle size of the filter media in the filter layer.

[0007] Furthermore, inlet pipes are symmetrically connected to the upper sides of both ends of the filter body, and an outlet pipe is provided at the lower part of one outer end of the filter body. One end of the outlet pipe is connected to the cavity of the water and air distribution chamber. Several long-handled filter heads are connected to the top of the water and air distribution chamber. The tops of the long-handled filter heads are inserted into the support layer. A backwash pipe is connected to the top of the outlet pipe. A sewage pipe is connected to the filter body between the two inlet pipes on the same side. Control valves are installed on the outlet pipe, backwash pipe, and sewage pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the filter layer includes quartz sand disposed on the surface of the support layer and granular activated carbon disposed on the surface of the quartz sand, and the floating plate is disposed on the surface of the granular activated carbon.

[0009] Furthermore, the top of the slide rod is provided with a threaded hole, and a screw is screwed into the threaded hole. A hand disc is fixedly connected to the top of the screw. A limiting ring is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the slide rod above the float. A pull rod is symmetrically fixedly connected between the limiting ring and the hand disc.

[0010] Furthermore, a buffer plate is detachably installed between the two corresponding water inlet pipes on both sides of the inner cavity of the filter body through a disassembly assembly, and the cross-section of the buffer plate is U-shaped.

[0011] Furthermore, the assembly and disassembly assembly includes connecting blocks fixedly connected to both ends of the two buffer plates, and each of the eight connecting blocks is rotatably protruded by a fixing bolt, and the fixing bolt is threadedly screwed to the inner wall surface of the filter body.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the floating disk, and the sealing ring is elastic.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Through the coordinated operation of various components, structural damage to the filter media caused by direct water flow impact is effectively avoided, and backwashing dead zones are completely eliminated. No additional power source is required, the structure is simple and highly adaptable, which reduces the cost of modification and operation, significantly improves the uniformity of water distribution and the thoroughness of backwashing, and ensures the quality of effluent and the long-term stable and efficient operation of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sand filter proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall filtration stage of a sand filter proposed in this utility model. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the sliding rod and the floating plate of a sand filter according to the present invention. Figure 4This is a cross-sectional view of the overall backwashing stage of a sand filter proposed in this utility model.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Filter body; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Buffer plate; 4. Connecting block; 5. Fixing bolt; 6. Float; 7. Through hole; 8. Limiting ring; 9. Tie rod; 10. Hand valve; 11. Sewage pipe; 12. Control valve; 13. Outlet pipe; 14. Backwash pipe; 15. Sliding rod; 16. Threaded hole; 17. Screw; 18. Granular activated carbon; 19. Quartz sand; 20. Support layer; 21. Long-handled filter head; 22. Water and air distribution chamber; 23. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0017] Reference Figure 1-4 A sand filter, comprising: The filter body 1 is cylindrical and has a circular cavity inside. The bottom of the cavity of the filter body 1 is provided with a water distribution and air distribution chamber 22, a support layer 20 and a filter layer from bottom to top. A floating flow guiding assembly includes a sliding rod 15 and a floating disc 6. The sliding rod 15 is fixedly connected to the center position at the bottom of the inner cavity of the filter body 1. The floating disc 6 is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the sliding rod 15, and the floating disc 6 is attached to the surface of the filter layer. The outer periphery of the floating disc 6 is also attached to the inner wall of the filter body 1. The floating disc 6 has several honeycomb-shaped, evenly distributed through holes 7. The through holes 7 are inverted cone-shaped, with the upper diameter smaller than the lower diameter, and the upper diameter of the through holes 7 is smaller than the particle size of the filter media in the filter layer. Preferably, the floating disc 6 is made of lightweight ABS plastic.

[0018] In this application, the sliding rod 15 in the floating guide assembly is fixed to the center of the bottom of the filter tank, providing precise guidance for the floating disc 6 and ensuring that the floating disc 6 always slides along the central axis. The floating disc 6 is in close contact with the surface of the filter layer and the tank wall. During filtration, the inlet water pressure will firmly press the floating disc 6 onto the filter media layer, effectively preventing the inlet water flow from directly impacting the filter media. This avoids local depressions or accumulation of the filter media from the source, maintaining the overall integrity of the filter layer. During backwashing, the upward water flow can lift the floating disc 6, agitating the filter media layer. The floating disc 6 has a uniformly distributed honeycomb pattern. The inverted conical through-hole 7 has an upper diameter smaller than the lower diameter and smaller than the filter media particle size. This not only guides the incoming water to penetrate evenly to all parts of the filter layer during filtration, achieving uniform water distribution, but also prevents filter media loss. During backwashing, it can also guide the backwash water to spread evenly, solving the problem of dead corners in edge rinsing. The entire component does not require an additional power source and can operate solely by the force of the water flow itself. The structure is simple and compact, requiring no major modifications to the original sand filter tank. It has strong adaptability and simplifies the structure and reduces costs while simultaneously improving filtration effect and backwashing efficiency.

[0019] In the example of this application, inlet pipes 2 are symmetrically connected to the upper sides of both ends of the filter body 1. An outlet pipe 13 is provided at the lower part of one side of the filter body 1. One end of the outlet pipe 13 is connected to the inner cavity of the water distribution and air distribution chamber 22. Several long-handled filter heads 21 are connected to the top of the water distribution and air distribution chamber 22. The top of the several long-handled filter heads 21 is inserted into the support layer 20. A backwash pipe 14 is connected to the top of the outlet pipe 13. A sewage pipe 11 is connected to the filter body 1 between the two inlet pipes 2 on the same side. The height of the sewage pipe 11 is lower than the height of the inlet pipe 2. Control valves 12 are installed on the outlet pipe 13, the backwash pipe 14 and the sewage pipe 11.

[0020] As a preferred example of this utility model, the inlet pipes 2, symmetrically connected to the upper sides of both ends of the filter body 1, allow water to flow into the tank simultaneously from both sides, avoiding water flow deviation and localized impact caused by a single inlet. Combined with the floating guide assembly, this forms a dual water distribution guarantee, further improving the uniformity of water distribution. The outlet pipe 13 is connected to the water distribution and aeration chamber 22. Several long-handled filter heads 21 at the top of the water distribution and aeration chamber 22 are inserted into the support layer 20. During filtration, water flows through the filter layer, the support layer 20, and the long-handled filter heads 21 into the water distribution and aeration chamber 22, and finally exits from the outlet pipe 13, forming a stable filtration system. In the backwashing process, water enters through the backwash pipe 14 and flows into the water and air distribution chamber 22. The water flows through the long-handled filter head 21 and is sprayed upwards evenly. Combined with the disturbance effect of the float 6 being lifted, the backwash water is fully diffused in the filter tank, completely eliminating edge washing dead corners and ensuring thorough cleaning of the filter media. The drain pipe 11 is set lower than the inlet pipe 2, which can promptly discharge the wastewater containing pollutants generated during backwashing, avoiding pollutant residues that may affect the filtration effect. The control valves 12 on the outlet pipe 13, backwash pipe 14, and drain pipe 11 can flexibly switch between filtration and backwashing conditions, making operation convenient.

[0021] In the example of this application, the filter layer includes quartz sand 19 disposed on the surface of the support layer 20, and granular activated carbon 18 disposed on the surface of the quartz sand 19, with the floating plate 6 disposed on the surface of the granular activated carbon 18.

[0022] As a preferred example of this utility model, the filter layer adopts a double-layer structure of quartz sand 19 and granular activated carbon 18. Quartz sand 19 effectively intercepts suspended impurities in the water by virtue of its own characteristics, forming a stable primary filtration barrier. Granular activated carbon 18 can specifically adsorb odors, tiny pollutants and some dissolved impurities in the water. The synergistic effect of the two significantly improves the quality of the effluent.

[0023] In the example of this application, the top of the slide rod 15 is provided with a threaded hole 16, and a screw rod 17 is screwed into the threaded hole 16. A hand plate 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the screw rod 17. A limiting ring 8 is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the slide rod 15 above the float 6. A pull rod 9 is symmetrically fixedly connected between the limiting ring 8 and the hand plate 10.

[0024] As a preferred example of this utility model, the threaded hole 16 at the top of the slide bar 15 is threadedly connected to the screw 17. By rotating the handwheel 10, the screw 17 can be driven to move up and down. In turn, the limit ring 8 above the float 6 can be driven to slide along the slide bar 15 through the pull rod 9, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the maximum floating range of the float 6. This allows for flexible adaptation to different water level heights, filter layer thickness changes, and different operating conditions. During filtration, the float 6 can be positioned by the limit ring 8 to ensure that it fits tightly against the surface of the filter media and effectively blocks the impact of water flow. During backwashing, the height of the limit ring 8 can be adjusted to reserve appropriate space for the float 6 to be lifted and for the filter media to be disturbed, thus ensuring the backwashing effect.

[0025] In the example of this application, a buffer plate 3 is detachably installed between the two corresponding water inlet pipes 2 on both sides of the inner cavity of the filter body 1 through a disassembly assembly. The cross-section of the buffer plate 3 is U-shaped.

[0026] As a preferred example of this utility model, the U-shaped buffer plate 3 installed between the inlet pipes 2 on both sides of the inner cavity of the filter body 1 via a disassembly and assembly assembly can directly act on the water flow discharged from the inlet pipes 2. The incoming water first impacts the inner wall of the U-shaped buffer plate 3, effectively slowing down the water flow speed. At the same time, the U-shaped structure can disperse the concentrated water flow to both sides and the center, changing the direction of water flow impact and preventing the water flow from directly impacting the surface of the filter layer. This forms a double protection with the protective function of the float 6, further protecting the integrity of the filter layer structure. The U-shaped design of the buffer plate 3 can form a smooth water flow transition zone, and the overflowing water allows the water flow to spread to the entire filter at a more uniform speed. This works in conjunction with the guide holes 7 of the float 6 to further improve the uniformity of water distribution and optimize the filtration effect.

[0027] In the example of this application, the disassembly and assembly assembly includes connecting blocks 4 fixedly connected to both ends of the two buffer plates 3, and each of the eight connecting blocks 4 is rotatably connected with a fixing bolt 5, and the fixing bolt 5 is threadedly screwed to the inner wall surface of the filter body 1.

[0028] As a preferred example of this utility model, the disassembly and assembly assembly achieves a firm connection between the buffer plate 3 and the filter body 1 by setting connecting blocks 4 on both sides of the buffer plate 3 and screwing them with fixing bolts 5 to the inner wall of the filter tank. This effectively resists the continuous impact of the incoming water flow and prevents the buffer plate 3 from shifting or falling off during operation, ensuring that the buffer plate 3 can stably perform its deceleration and diversion functions. Furthermore, the screw-on fixing bolts 5 make the installation and disassembly of the buffer plate 3 simple and convenient, requiring no complicated tools. Maintenance personnel can quickly complete the disassembly and assembly work, facilitating daily cleaning and replacement and reducing maintenance costs.

[0029] In the example of this application, a sealing ring 23 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the floating disk 6, and the sealing ring 23 is elastic and made of rubber.

[0030] As a preferred example of this utility model, the elastic rubber sealing ring 23 fixed to the outer periphery of the float 6 can tightly fit the inner wall of the filter body 1, completely eliminating the gap between the float 6 and the tank wall, preventing water from flowing directly through the gap during filtration, preventing local damage to the filter media in that area due to water flow impact, and effectively preventing the filter media from leaking out of the gap, ensuring the integrity of the filter layer structure. Moreover, the elastic properties of the rubber material allow the sealing ring 23 to deform flexibly with the up and down movement of the float 6, always maintaining a tight fit with the tank wall. This does not affect the normal sliding of the float 6 during filtration and backwashing, and can continuously maintain the sealing effect. During backwashing, the sealing ring 23 can prevent backwash water from escaping from the gap between the float 6 and the tank wall, ensuring that all backwash water acts on the filter media layer. Combined with the disturbance of the float 6 and the guidance of the through holes 7, it completely eliminates the washing dead corners in the edge area, ensuring thorough cleaning of the filter media and delaying the decline of filtration performance.

[0031] Working principle: In the filtration stage, the influent flows in synchronously through the symmetrically arranged influent pipes 2 at both ends of the filter body 1. It is first slowed and diverted by the U-shaped buffer plate 3 between the influent pipes 2 to avoid concentrated impact. Then, the influent pressure tightly presses the float 6 of the floating guide assembly onto the surface of the granular activated carbon 18 in the filter layer. The float 6 remains stable under the precise guidance of the sliding rod 15 at its bottom center. Its outer elastic rubber sealing ring 23 fits tightly against the tank wall, preventing water leakage through gaps. Simultaneously, the honeycomb-shaped, evenly distributed inverted conical through-holes 7 on the float 6 guide the water flow to penetrate evenly, preventing filter media loss and achieving uniform water distribution throughout the filter layer. The water flows through the granular activated carbon 18 for adsorption and the quartz sand 19 for impurity interception, then passes through the long-handled filter head 21 in the support layer 20 and enters the water and air distribution chamber 22, finally exiting from the lower outlet pipe 13. In the backwashing stage, the control valve 12 on the drain pipe is closed and the backwash is opened. The control valves 12 on the washing pipe 14 and the drain pipe 11 allow backwash water to enter the water and air distribution chamber 22 through the backwash pipe 14. The water is then sprayed evenly upwards by the long-handled filter head 21, which lifts the float 6 and agitates the filter media layer. The floating range of the float 6 can be precisely controlled by adjusting the limit ring 8 through the screw 17 on the top of the slide rod 15, the hand crank 10, and the pull rod 9, ensuring that the filter media is fully agitated. The backwash water does not escape under the sealing effect of the sealing ring 23 and is evenly diffused to the entire filter tank through the through hole 7 of the float 6, thoroughly removing the pollutants attached to the filter media. The wastewater containing pollutants is discharged in time through the drain pipe 11, which is lower than the height of the inlet pipe 2. The buffer plate 3 is firmly fixed in the tank by the disassembly and assembly assembly consisting of the connecting block 4 and the fixing bolt 5. The entire process does not affect the water flow or the movement of the float 6. The entire process does not require an additional power source and relies solely on the force and buoyancy of the water flow to achieve filter layer protection, uniform water distribution, and thorough backwashing, ensuring filtration efficiency and long-term operational stability.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A sand filter, characterized in that, include: The filter body (1) is cylindrical and has a circular cavity inside. The bottom of the cavity of the filter body (1) is provided with a water distribution and air distribution chamber (22), a support layer (20) and a filter layer from bottom to top. A floating flow guide assembly includes a slide rod (15) and a floating disk (6). The slide rod (15) is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the inner cavity of the filter body (1). The floating disk (6) is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the slide rod (15). The floating disk (6) is attached to the surface of the filter layer, and the outer periphery of the floating disk (6) is attached to the inner wall of the filter body (1). The floating disk (6) has several honeycomb-shaped and uniformly distributed through holes (7). The through holes (7) are inverted cone-shaped, with the upper hole diameter smaller than the lower hole diameter, and the upper hole diameter of the through hole (7) is smaller than the particle size of the filter material in the filter layer.

2. A sand filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter body (1) is symmetrically connected to the upper sides of both ends by inlet pipes (2). The filter body (1) is provided with an outlet pipe (13) at the lower part of one side. One end of the outlet pipe (13) is connected to the inner cavity of the water distribution and air distribution chamber (22). The top of the water distribution and air distribution chamber (22) is connected to several long-handled filter heads (21). The tops of the several long-handled filter heads (21) are inserted into the support layer (20). The top of the outlet pipe (13) is connected to a backwash pipe (14). The filter body (1) located between the two inlet pipes (2) on the same side is connected to a sewage pipe (11). Control valves (12) are installed on the outlet pipe (13), the backwash pipe (14) and the sewage pipe (11).

3. A sand filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter layer includes quartz sand (19) disposed on the surface of the support layer (20) and granular activated carbon (18) disposed on the surface of the quartz sand (19), and the floating plate (6) is disposed on the surface of the granular activated carbon (18).

4. A sand filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the slide rod (15) is provided with a threaded hole (16), and a screw rod (17) is screwed into the threaded hole (16). A hand plate (10) is fixedly connected to the top of the screw rod (17). A limiting ring (8) is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the slide rod (15) above the float (6). A pull rod (9) is symmetrically fixedly connected between the limiting ring (8) and the hand plate (10).

5. A sand filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter body (1) has two corresponding water inlet pipes (2) on both sides of the inner cavity, and a buffer plate (3) is detachably installed between them through a disassembly assembly. The cross-section of the buffer plate (3) is U-shaped.

6. A sand filter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The assembly and disassembly assembly includes connecting blocks (4) fixedly connected to both ends of the two buffer plates (3), and each of the eight connecting blocks (4) is rotatably connected to a fixing bolt (5), and the fixing bolt (5) is threadedly connected to the inner wall surface of the filter body (1).

7. A sand filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring (23) is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the floating disk (6), and the sealing ring (23) is elastic.

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