A device for recycling waste gas and waste residue of an optical fiber preform

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of optical fiber preform waste gas waste residue resource processing device, comprising: acoustic wave pre-aggregation module, cyclone phase change separation tower, depolymerization regenerator and ladder type condensing tower, acoustic wave pre-aggregation module, cyclone phase change separation tower and depolymerization regenerator are sequentially communicated by pipeline, and ladder type condensing tower is communicated with the top of cyclone phase change separation tower by pipeline.The utility model has the advantages of compact structure, reasonable design, by silicon dioxide dust pre-aggregation, simultaneous separation silicon dioxide dust and hydrogen chloride acid mist, mild separation solid / gas: release residual hydrogen chloride gas, retain dry silicon dioxide layer, grade capture hydrogen chloride gas, nanometer silicon dioxide automatic stripping, realize the synchronous recycling of dust and waste gas, waste into treasure, energy saving and environmental protection, reduce cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of industrial waste gas and waste residue treatment technology, specifically to a resource-based treatment device for waste gas and waste residue from optical fiber preforms. Background Technology

[0002] Optical fiber preforms are the core raw material for manufacturing optical fibers. They are typically made of high-purity silica glass (SiO2) doped with trace amounts of rare earth elements (such as germanium and phosphorus), and formed into a multilayer structure through a vapor deposition process. Their core function is to provide an ideal refractive index distribution and geometric dimension basis for optical fiber drawing, which directly affects the transmission performance of the optical fiber (such as attenuation and bandwidth).

[0003] During the manufacturing process of optical fiber preforms, silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas are generated by the hydrolysis of silicon tetrachloride. How to realize the resource utilization of silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas is an important research topic.

[0004] Current treatment methods can be broadly categorized into two types: First, dry dust collection uses bag filters to collect silica dust, followed by alkaline spraying to treat the hydrogen chloride gas. Second, wet dust collection disperses the silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas, dissolves them in water, and then uses flocculants and a dehydrator to separate the dust, similarly neutralizing the hydrogen chloride with alkaline solution. Treating hydrogen chloride gas is costly, and the recovered silica dust has low purity and no economic value. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a resource-based treatment device for waste gas and residue from optical fiber preforms.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A resource-based treatment device for waste gas and residue from optical fiber preforms includes: an acoustic prepolymerization module, a cyclone phase change separation tower, a depolymerization regenerator, and a stepped condensation tower. The acoustic prepolymerization module, the cyclone phase change separation tower, and the depolymerization regenerator are sequentially connected by pipelines, and the stepped condensation tower is connected to the top of the cyclone phase change separation tower by a pipeline.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: during the processing, S1: silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas are sent into the acoustic prepolymerization module for processing, so that the silica dust is pre-agglomerated and aggregated into large particles of 5-10μm. S2: The aggregated silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas enter the cyclone phase change separation tower, which cools the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower, causing the hydrogen chloride gas to absorb moisture and condense into acid mist. The silica particles become the acid mist condensation nuclei, and the mixture of the two rotates downward and combines to form "mud" that adheres to the wall. Then, hot air is sprayed onto the "slurry" on the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower to release the hydrogen chloride gas again and retain the dry silica. S3: A depolymerization regenerator is used to convert silica into high-value-added nano-silica powder, while a stepped condenser is used to capture hydrogen chloride gas in stages to produce high-purity hydrochloric acid.

[0008] This utility model has a compact structure and reasonable design. By pre-agglomerating silica dust, it simultaneously separates silica dust and hydrogen chloride mist, gently separating solid and gas: releasing residual hydrogen chloride gas, retaining a dry silica layer, capturing hydrogen chloride gas in stages, and automatically peeling off nano-sized silica, it realizes the simultaneous recycling and reuse of dust and waste gas, turning waste into treasure, saving energy and protecting the environment, and reducing costs.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0010] Furthermore, the cyclone phase change separation tower includes a tower body, a condensation nucleation unit, and a hot air dissociation unit. The acoustic prepolymerization module and the stepped condensation tower are respectively connected to the top of the tower body through pipelines, and the depolymerization regenerator is connected to the bottom of the tower body through pipelines. A condensation chamber is provided in the side wall of the tower body, the condensation nucleation unit is installed outside the tower body, and forms a refrigeration cycle with the condensation chamber through pipelines. The hot air dissociation unit is installed inside the tower body.

[0011] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that during the process, the aggregated silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas enter the tower body, and the condensation nucleation unit is used to cool the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower, so that the hydrogen chloride gas absorbs moisture and condenses into acid mist, and the silica particles become acid mist condensation nuclei. The mixture of the two rotates downward and combines into "slurry" to adhere to the wall. Then, hot air is sprayed onto the "slurry" on the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower using the hot air dissociation unit, so that hydrogen chloride gas is released again, while dry silica is retained. This process is convenient, turns waste into treasure, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0012] Furthermore, the tower body has an inverted conical structure.

[0013] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are that the structure is simple, the shape of the tower is reasonably designed, and it is convenient for the dried silica formed at the end to fall and be discharged, while the hydrogen chloride gas escapes upward.

[0014] Furthermore, the condensation nucleation unit includes a refrigerator, and both ends of the refrigerator are connected to the condensation chamber via pipelines.

[0015] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are that the structure is simple and the design is reasonable. It utilizes the circulation between the refrigeration unit and the condensation chamber in the side wall of the tower to cool the tower, which facilitates the condensation of hydrogen chloride gas into acid mist by absorbing moisture. The silica particles become the acid mist condensation nuclei, and the mixture of the two rotates downward and combines to form "slurry" that adheres to the wall, making it easy to process.

[0016] Furthermore, the hot air dissociation unit includes at least one hot air component, each of which is installed inside the tower.

[0017] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are that it has a simple structure and reasonable design. It can use the hot air assembly to spray hot air onto the "slurry" on the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower, so that hydrogen chloride gas is released again, dry silica is retained, it is easy to process, turns waste into treasure, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0018] Furthermore, the hot air dissociation unit includes a plurality of hot air components, which are evenly spaced from top to bottom inside the tower body.

[0019] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are that the structure is simple, the number of hot air components is designed to be multiple and more reasonable, so that hydrogen chloride gas can be fully released again, dry silica can be retained, the treatment is convenient, waste can be turned into treasure, and energy saving and environmental protection are achieved.

[0020] Furthermore, each of the hot air components includes an annular hot air duct and multiple nozzles. The annular hot air duct is horizontally fixedly installed inside the tower body. The multiple nozzles are evenly spaced along the circumference of the annular hot air duct and are respectively connected to the annular hot air duct.

[0021] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are that it has a simple structure, reasonable design, and after the hot air is delivered into the annular hot air pipe, the hot air is sprayed onto the wall "slurry" of the cyclone phase change separation tower through multiple nozzles, so that the hydrogen chloride gas is released again, while the dry silica is retained. It is easy to process, turns waste into treasure, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0022] Furthermore, the multiple nozzles are distributed perpendicular to the sidewalls of the tower body.

[0023] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are that the structure is simple, the distribution of multiple nozzles is more reasonable, so that the sprayed hot air can fully contact the "mud" on the inner wall of the tower, so that the hydrogen chloride gas can be released again, the dry silica can be retained, the treatment is convenient, waste can be turned into treasure, and energy saving and environmental protection are achieved.

[0024] Furthermore, the stepped condensing tower adopts a three-stage coil condenser.

[0025] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are that it has a simple structure and reasonable design, and uses a three-stage coil condenser to process hydrogen chloride gas in multiple stages to obtain hydrochloric acid with high purity.

[0026] This utility model also relates to a method for the resource utilization treatment of waste gas and residue from optical fiber preforms, which is implemented using the optical fiber preform waste gas and residue resource utilization treatment device described above, and includes the following specific steps: S1: Silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas are fed into the acoustic prepolymerization module for processing, so that the silica dust is prepolymerized and aggregated into large particles of 5-10μm. S2: The aggregated silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas enter the cyclone phase change separation tower, which cools the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower, causing the hydrogen chloride gas to absorb moisture and condense into acid mist. The silica particles become the acid mist condensation nuclei, and the mixture of the two rotates downward and combines to form "mud" that adheres to the wall. Then, hot air is sprayed onto the "slurry" on the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower to release the hydrogen chloride gas again and retain the dry silica. S3: A depolymerization regenerator is used to convert silica into high-value-added nano-silica powder, while a stepped condenser is used to capture hydrogen chloride gas in stages to produce high-purity hydrochloric acid.

[0027] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that this utility model also relates to a method for resource-based treatment of waste gas and residue from optical fiber preforms. This method is simple and reasonably designed. It achieves the simultaneous separation of silica dust and hydrochloric acid mist through pre-agglomeration of silica dust, and gently separates solid / gas components. At the same time, it releases residual hydrogen chloride gas, retains the dry silica layer, captures hydrogen chloride gas in stages, and automatically peels off nano-sized silica, realizing the simultaneous recycling and reuse of dust and waste gas, turning waste into treasure, saving energy and protecting the environment, and reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the tower body in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the tower body, annular hot air pipe, and nozzles in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stepped condenser tower in this invention; Figure 5 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

[0029] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Acoustic prepolymerization module; 2. Cyclone phase change separation tower; 21. Tower body; 22. Refrigeration unit; 23. Condensation chamber; 24. Annular hot air duct; 25. Nozzle; 3. Depolymerization regenerator; 4. Stepped condensation tower. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this technology based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] In the description of this application, spatial relation terms such as "below," "under," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc., are used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figures and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figures, spatial relation terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped, an element or feature described as "below" or "under" or "below" of other elements or features will be oriented "above" other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary terms "below" and "under" can include both upper and lower orientations. Furthermore, the device may also include other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptive terms used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0034] In the description of this application, the term "for example" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "for example" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to implement and use the present invention. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention can be implemented without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes will not be described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0035] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a resource-based treatment device for waste gas and residue from optical fiber preforms, including: an acoustic prepolymerization module 1, a cyclone phase change separation tower 2, a depolymerization regenerator 3, and a stepped condensation tower 4. The acoustic prepolymerization module 1, the cyclone phase change separation tower 2, and the depolymerization regenerator 3 are connected sequentially through pipelines, and the stepped condensation tower 4 is connected to the top of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2 through a pipeline.

[0036] During the process, S1: Silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas are sent into the acoustic prepolymerization module 1 for treatment, so that the silica dust is pre-agglomerated and aggregated into large particles of 5-10μm. S2: The aggregated silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas enter the cyclone phase change separation tower 2, which cools the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2, causing the hydrogen chloride gas to absorb moisture and condense into acid mist. The silica particles become acid mist condensation nuclei, and the mixture of the two rotates downward and combines to form "mud" that adheres to the wall. Then, hot air is sprayed onto the "slurry" on the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2 to release the hydrogen chloride gas again and retain the dry silica. S3: The depolymerization regenerator 3 is used to convert silica into high-value-added nano silica powder, while the stepped condenser tower 4 is used to capture hydrogen chloride gas in stages to produce high-purity hydrochloric acid.

[0037] Preferably, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned acoustic pre-aggregation module 1 adopts a high-power frequency conversion acoustic generator in the prior art, and its specific structure and principle will not be described in detail here.

[0038] Preferably, in this embodiment, the depolymerization regenerator 3 is a microwave depolymerization regenerator in the prior art, and its specific structure and principle will not be described in detail here.

[0039] This embodiment features a compact structure and reasonable design. By pre-agglomerating silica dust, it simultaneously separates silica dust and hydrogen chloride mist, gently separating solids and gases: releasing residual hydrogen chloride gas, retaining a dry silica layer, capturing hydrogen chloride gas in stages, and automatically peeling off nano-sized silica. This achieves simultaneous recycling and reuse of dust and waste gas, turning waste into treasure, saving energy and protecting the environment, and reducing costs.

[0040] Example 2 Based on Example 1, in this example, the cyclone phase change separation tower 2 includes a tower body 21, a condensation nucleation unit, and a hot air dissociation unit. The acoustic prepolymerization module 1 and the stepped condensation tower 4 are respectively connected to the top of the tower body 21 through pipelines, and the depolymerization regenerator 3 is connected to the bottom of the tower body 21 through pipelines. A condensation chamber 23 is provided inside the side wall of the tower body 21. The condensation nucleation unit is installed outside the tower body 21 and forms a refrigeration cycle with the condensation chamber 23 through pipelines. The hot air dissociation unit is installed inside the tower body 21.

[0041] During the process, the aggregated silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas enter the tower body 21. The condensation nucleation unit cools the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2, causing the hydrogen chloride gas to absorb moisture and condense into acid mist. The silica particles become acid mist condensation nuclei. The mixture of the two rotates downward and combines to form "slurry" that adheres to the wall. Then, hot air is sprayed onto the "slurry" on the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2 using the hot air dissociation unit, so that the hydrogen chloride gas is released again, while the dry silica is retained. This process is convenient, turns waste into treasure, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0042] Preferably, in this embodiment, the condensation cavity 23 is an annular cavity.

[0043] Based on the above solution, the specific steps of this embodiment are as follows: S1: Silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas are fed into the acoustic prepolymerization module 1 for processing, so that the silica dust is pre-agglomerated and aggregated into large particles of 5-10μm, while the hydrogen chloride gas continues to flow backward. S2: The aggregated silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas enter the cyclone phase change separation tower 2. The wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2 is cooled by the condensation nucleation unit, so that the hydrogen chloride gas absorbs moisture and condenses into acid mist, and the silica particles become acid mist condensation nuclei. The mixture of the two rotates downward and combines into "mud" that adheres to the wall. Then, hot air is sprayed onto the wall "slurry" of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2 using the hot air dissociation unit, so that the hydrogen chloride gas is released again and the dry silicon dioxide is retained. S3: The depolymerization regenerator 3 is used to convert silica into high-value-added nano silica powder, while the stepped condenser tower 4 is used to capture hydrogen chloride gas in stages to produce high-purity hydrochloric acid.

[0044] Example 3 Based on Example 2, in this example, the tower body 21 has an inverted conical structure.

[0045] The scheme has a simple structure and the shape of the tower body 21 is reasonably designed, which facilitates the downward discharge of the finally formed dry silica, while the hydrogen chloride gas escapes upward.

[0046] Preferably, in this embodiment, the cross-section of the tower body 21 is circular.

[0047] Alternatively, the tower body 21 described above can also adopt other suitable geometric shapes, such as a cylindrical structure.

[0048] Example 4 Based on any one of Embodiments 2 to 3, in this embodiment, the condensation nucleation unit includes a refrigerator 22, and both ends of the refrigerator 22 are respectively connected to the condensation chamber 23 through pipelines.

[0049] The scheme has a simple structure and reasonable design. It utilizes the circulation between the refrigeration unit 22 and the condensation chamber 23 in the side wall of the tower body 21 to cool the tower body 21. This facilitates the condensation of hydrogen chloride gas into acid mist, and the silica particles become the acid mist condensation nuclei. The mixture of the two rotates downward and combines to form a "slurry" that adheres to the wall, making it easy to process.

[0050] Preferably, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned refrigeration unit 22 adopts a water-cooled refrigeration unit in the prior art, and its specific structure and principle will not be described in detail here.

[0051] In addition, the tower body 21 is cooled to (-5℃) - (-10℃) using the aforementioned refrigeration unit 22.

[0052] Based on the above solution, the specific steps of this embodiment are as follows: S1: Silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas are fed into the acoustic prepolymerization module 1 for processing, so that the silica dust is pre-agglomerated and aggregated into large particles of 5-10μm, while the hydrogen chloride gas continues to flow backward. S2: The aggregated silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas enter the cyclone phase change separation tower 2. The cooling unit 22 is used to cool the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2, causing the hydrogen chloride gas to absorb moisture and condense into acid mist. The silica particles become the acid mist condensation nuclei. The mixture of the two rotates downward and combines to form "mud" that adheres to the wall. Then, hot air is sprayed onto the wall "slurry" of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2 using the hot air dissociation unit, so that the hydrogen chloride gas is released again and the dry silicon dioxide is retained. S3: The depolymerization regenerator 3 is used to convert silica into high-value-added nano silica powder, while the stepped condenser tower 4 is used to capture hydrogen chloride gas in stages to produce high-purity hydrochloric acid.

[0053] Example 5 Based on any one of Embodiments 2 to 4, in this embodiment, the hot air dissociation unit includes at least one hot air component, and each hot air component is installed inside the tower body 21.

[0054] The scheme has a simple structure and reasonable design. It can use the hot air component to spray hot air onto the "slurry" on the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2, so that hydrogen chloride gas is released again and dry silica is retained. It is easy to process, turns waste into treasure, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0055] Preferably, in this embodiment, a hot air component is used to spray hot air at 100°C-150°C.

[0056] Based on the above solution, the specific steps of this embodiment are as follows: S1: Silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas are fed into the acoustic prepolymerization module 1 for processing, so that the silica dust is pre-agglomerated and aggregated into large particles of 5-10μm, while the hydrogen chloride gas continues to flow backward. S2: The aggregated silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas enter the cyclone phase change separation tower 2. The cooling unit 22 is used to cool the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2, causing the hydrogen chloride gas to absorb moisture and condense into acid mist. The silica particles become the acid mist condensation nuclei. The mixture of the two rotates downward and combines to form "mud" that adheres to the wall. Then, hot air is sprayed onto the "slurry" on the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2 using the hot air assembly, so that the hydrogen chloride gas is released again and the dry silica is retained. S3: The depolymerization regenerator 3 is used to convert silica into high-value-added nano silica powder, while the stepped condenser tower 4 is used to capture hydrogen chloride gas in stages to produce high-purity hydrochloric acid.

[0057] Example 6 Based on Example 5, in this example, the hot air dissociation unit includes a plurality of hot air components, which are evenly spaced from top to bottom inside the tower body 21.

[0058] The solution has a simple structure and a reasonable number of hot air components to ensure that hydrogen chloride gas is fully released again, while retaining dry silica. It is easy to process, turns waste into treasure, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0059] Example 7 Based on any one of Embodiments 5 to 6, in this embodiment, each of the hot air components includes an annular hot air pipe 24 and a plurality of nozzles 25. The annular hot air pipe 24 is horizontally fixedly installed inside the tower body 21. The plurality of nozzles 25 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the annular hot air pipe 24 and are respectively connected to the annular hot air pipe 24.

[0060] The scheme has a simple structure and reasonable design. After the hot air is delivered into the annular hot air pipe 24, the hot air is sprayed onto the wall "slurry" of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2 through multiple nozzles 25, so that the hydrogen chloride gas is released again and the dry silica is retained. It is easy to process, turns waste into treasure, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0061] Preferably, in this embodiment, the annular hot air duct 24 is also connected to a hot air blower through a pipeline, and the hot air blower is used to deliver hot air into the annular hot air duct 24 during the processing.

[0062] Alternatively, the aforementioned annular hot air duct 24 can also adopt a suitable geometric shape, such as a rectangular tube, in which case the rectangular tube cannot be matched with the shape of the tower body 21.

[0063] Based on the above solution, the specific steps of this embodiment are as follows: S1: Silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas are fed into the acoustic prepolymerization module 1 for processing, so that the silica dust is pre-agglomerated and aggregated into large particles of 5-10μm, while the hydrogen chloride gas continues to flow backward. S2: The aggregated silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas enter the cyclone phase change separation tower 2. The cooling unit 22 is used to cool the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2, causing the hydrogen chloride gas to absorb moisture and condense into acid mist. The silica particles become the acid mist condensation nuclei. The mixture of the two rotates downward and combines to form "mud" that adheres to the wall. Then, hot air is sprayed onto the wall "slurry" of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2 using the annular hot air pipe 24 and multiple nozzles 25, so that the hydrogen chloride gas is released again and the dry silica is retained. S3: The depolymerization regenerator 3 is used to convert silica into high-value-added nano silica powder, while the stepped condenser tower 4 is used to capture hydrogen chloride gas in stages to produce high-purity hydrochloric acid.

[0064] Example 8 Based on Example 7, in this example, the plurality of nozzles 25 are distributed perpendicular to the sidewall of the tower body 21.

[0065] The scheme has a simple structure and the distribution of multiple nozzles 25 is relatively reasonable, so that the sprayed hot air can fully contact the "mud" on the inner wall of the tower body 21, so that the hydrogen chloride gas can be released again, while the dry silica is retained. It is convenient to process, turns waste into treasure, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0066] Alternatively, the aforementioned multiple nozzles 25 can also be distributed at a certain angle to the inner wall of the tower body 21, for example, the multiple nozzles 25 can also be distributed at 60° to the inner wall of the tower body 21.

[0067] Example 9 Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the stepped condenser tower 4 adopts a three-stage coil condenser.

[0068] The scheme has a simple structure and reasonable design. It uses a three-stage coil condenser to process hydrogen chloride gas in multiple stages to obtain hydrochloric acid with high purity.

[0069] Preferably, in this embodiment, the aforementioned stepped condenser tower is a device that enhances cooling effect through a stepped structure, primarily used in industrial cooling systems. Its core structure includes a casing, a three-way water pipe system, and a condenser, with efficient heat dissipation achieved by accelerating airflow through a fan. In addition, the structural features of the aforementioned stepped condenser tower 4 are as follows: The stepped condenser tower 4 includes an outer shell and three condenser tubes. The outer shell is vertically distributed, with a gas inlet at the top and a hydrochloric acid outlet at the bottom. The three condenser tubes are spaced apart along the direction from one end of the outer shell to the other, with both ends extending outside the outer shell, and condensate flowing inside the three condenser tubes.

[0070] The temperature range of the condensate in the three condenser tubes is 0-10℃. Specifically, the temperature of the condensate in the first-stage condenser tube is 10℃, the temperature of the condensate in the second-stage condenser tube is 5℃, and the temperature of the condensate in the third-stage condenser tube is 1℃. Hydrogen chloride gas flows through the first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage condenser tubes in sequence, undergoing a phase change to obtain high-purity hydrochloric acid.

[0071] Example 10 Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment also provides a method for resource recovery treatment of waste gas and residue from optical fiber preforms, which is implemented using the resource recovery treatment device for waste gas and residue from optical fiber preforms as described above, and includes the following specific steps: S1: Silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas are fed into the acoustic prepolymerization module 1 for processing, so that the silica dust is pre-agglomerated and aggregated into large particles of 5-10μm, while the hydrogen chloride gas continues to flow backward. S2: The aggregated silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas enter the cyclone phase change separation tower 2, which cools the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2, causing the hydrogen chloride gas to absorb moisture and condense into acid mist. The silica particles become acid mist condensation nuclei, and the mixture of the two rotates downward and combines to form "mud" that adheres to the wall. Then, hot air is sprayed onto the "slurry" on the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2 to release the hydrogen chloride gas again and retain the dry silica. S3: The depolymerization regenerator 3 is used to convert silica into high-value-added nano silica powder, while the stepped condenser tower 4 is used to capture hydrogen chloride gas in stages to produce high-purity hydrochloric acid.

[0072] This embodiment also relates to a method for the resource-based treatment of waste gas and residue from optical fiber preforms. This method is simple and reasonably designed. It achieves simultaneous separation of silica dust and hydrogen chloride mist through pre-agglomeration of silica dust, gentle separation of solid / gas: release of residual hydrogen chloride gas, retention of dry silica layer, graded capture of hydrogen chloride gas, and automatic peeling off of nano-sized silica. This realizes the simultaneous recycling and reuse of dust and waste gas, turning waste into treasure, saving energy and protecting the environment, and reducing costs.

[0073] This utility model provides a device and method for the resource-based treatment of waste gas and residue from optical fiber preforms. The method includes the following specific steps: S1: Silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas are fed into the acoustic prepolymerization module 1 for processing, so that the silica dust is pre-agglomerated and aggregated into large particles of 5-10μm, while the hydrogen chloride gas continues to flow backward. S2: The aggregated silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas enter the cyclone phase change separation tower 2, which cools the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2, causing the hydrogen chloride gas to absorb moisture and condense into acid mist. The silica particles become acid mist condensation nuclei, and the mixture of the two rotates downward and combines to form "mud" that adheres to the wall. Then, hot air is sprayed onto the "slurry" on the wall of the cyclone phase change separation tower 2 to release the hydrogen chloride gas again and retain the dry silica. S3: The depolymerization regenerator 3 is used to convert silica into high-value-added nano silica powder, while the stepped condenser tower 4 is used to capture hydrogen chloride gas in stages to produce high-purity hydrochloric acid.

[0074] This utility model provides a resource-based treatment device and method for waste gas and residue from optical fiber preforms. The method is simple and rationally designed, utilizing the pre-agglomeration of silica dust to simultaneously separate silica dust and hydrochloric acid mist, achieving gentle solid / gas separation. At the same time, it releases residual hydrogen chloride gas, retains the dry silica layer, captures hydrogen chloride gas in stages, and automatically peels off nano-sized silica, realizing the simultaneous recycling and reuse of dust and waste gas, turning waste into treasure, saving energy and protecting the environment, and reducing costs.

[0075] This utility model specifically relates to a highly efficient resource-based treatment device and method for silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas generated during the hydrolysis of silicon tetrachloride in optical fiber preform manufacturing, achieving simultaneous recovery and reuse of dust and waste gas. Its advantages include: The silica dust and hydrogen chloride gas, which originally required costly processing, are transformed into high-value-added nano-sized silica and high-purity hydrochloric acid, achieving resource utilization and turning waste into treasure.

[0076] While embodiments or examples of this disclosure have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments or examples, and the scope of this utility model is not limited by these embodiments or examples, but only by the granted claims and their equivalents. Various elements in the embodiments or examples may be omitted or replaced by their equivalents. Furthermore, the steps may be performed in a different order than that described in this disclosure. Further, various elements in the embodiments or examples may be combined in various ways. Importantly, as the technology evolves, many elements described herein can be replaced by equivalents that appear after this disclosure.

Claims

1. A resource-based treatment device for waste gas and residue from optical fiber preforms, characterized in that, include: The acoustic prepolymerization module (1), the swirling phase change separation tower (2), the depolymerization regenerator (3), and the stepped condenser tower (4) are connected in sequence through pipelines. The acoustic prepolymerization module (1), the swirling phase change separation tower (2), and the depolymerization regenerator (3) are connected in sequence through pipelines. The stepped condenser tower (4) is connected to the top of the swirling phase change separation tower (2) through pipelines.

2. The optical fiber preform waste gas and residue resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cyclone phase change separation tower (2) includes a tower body (21), a condensation nucleation unit and a hot air dissociation unit. The acoustic prepolymerization module (1) and the stepped condensation tower (4) are respectively connected to the top of the tower body (21) through pipelines. The depolymerization regenerator (3) is connected to the bottom of the tower body (21) through pipelines. A condensation chamber (23) is provided in the side wall of the tower body (21). The condensation nucleation unit is installed outside the tower body (21) and forms a refrigeration cycle with the condensation chamber (23) through pipelines. The hot air dissociation unit is installed inside the tower body (21).

3. The optical fiber preform waste gas and residue resource utilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tower body (21) has an inverted conical structure.

4. The optical fiber preform waste gas and residue resource utilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The condensation nucleus unit includes a refrigerator (22), and both ends of the refrigerator (22) are connected to the condensation chamber (23) through pipelines.

5. The optical fiber preform waste gas and residue resource utilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hot air dissociation unit includes at least one hot air component, each of which is installed inside the tower body (21).

6. The optical fiber preform waste gas and residue resource utilization device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hot air dissociation unit includes a plurality of hot air components, which are evenly spaced from top to bottom inside the tower body (21).

7. The optical fiber preform waste gas and residue resource utilization device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the hot air components includes an annular hot air duct (24) and a plurality of nozzles (25). The annular hot air duct (24) is horizontally fixed inside the tower body (21). The plurality of nozzles (25) are evenly spaced along the circumference of the annular hot air duct (24) and are respectively connected to the annular hot air duct (24).

8. The optical fiber preform waste gas and residue resource utilization device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The multiple nozzles (25) are distributed perpendicular to the sidewall of the tower body (21).

9. The optical fiber preform waste gas and residue resource utilization device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The stepped condenser tower (4) adopts a three-stage coil condenser.

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