Deodorization and detoxification device for waste gas of hazardous waste landfill site
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522075526.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-26
AI Technical Summary
然而，传统喷淋系统多采用固定式喷头或需外加动力驱动的旋转结构，存在液滴粒径大、气液接触不充分、传质效率低等问题，导致污染物去除效果有限
[0017]流动的废气经进气管导入，首先冲击在扇叶上。废气的动能推动扇叶旋转，进而通过转轴带动整个中空储水壳体和雾化喷头一起高速旋转，通过外界水泵提供压力并输送液体，使喷淋液进入进水管然后源源不断注入旋转的中空储水壳体中，然后通过雾化喷头喷出，上升的废气与这些液滴碰撞、接触，废气中的易溶于水的污染物(如H2S、NH3、尘粒)被液滴吸收捕获，完成初级净化，L形扰流板也跟着转动，转动的时候带动雾化的液体与气体产生折返和剪切，极大地增加了流体的湍流程度和混合强度，进一步提升了气液传质效率，确保了污染物的高效去除，经过充分洗涤和混合后的湿润废气，最终上升至处理筒体顶部的光解组件区域。在高能紫外线的照射下，废气中剩余的恶臭有机物和VOCs被直接裂解，或与紫外线产生的臭氧·OH自由基发生氧化反应，最终被降解为CO2、H2O等无害物质，实现深度脱毒除臭。该装置利用废气自身压力驱动洗涤系统，省去了喷淋系统的旋转电机和搅拌器，大幅降低了运行能耗，同时旋转雾化相比传统固定喷淋，液滴更细，比表面积更大，气液接触更充分。
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Figure CN224877640U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of waste gas treatment technology, specifically relating to a deodorization and detoxification device for waste gas from hazardous waste landfills. Background Technology
[0002] With rapid industrialization, the problem of air pollution from hazardous waste landfills has become increasingly prominent. These gases typically contain high concentrations of odorous substances (such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and fine particulate matter. If emitted directly without effective treatment, they will cause serious harm to the surrounding environment and human health.
[0003] Currently, common waste gas treatment technologies mainly include physical adsorption, chemical scrubbing, biological filtration, and photocatalytic oxidation. Among these, the combined process of spray scrubbing and ultraviolet photolysis is gradually being adopted due to its high treatment efficiency and wide applicability. However, traditional spray systems often use fixed nozzles or rotating structures requiring external power, which suffer from problems such as large droplet size, insufficient gas-liquid contact, and low mass transfer efficiency, resulting in limited pollutant removal. Furthermore, the use of power components such as agitators and rotary motors not only increases equipment complexity but also significantly raises operating energy consumption and maintenance costs.
[0004] Furthermore, existing photolysis devices mostly employ a simple, straight-through structure, resulting in a short residence time of waste gas in the reaction zone and insufficient utilization of ultraviolet radiation. This affects the extent of free radical oxidation and makes it difficult to achieve complete degradation of organic matter. These problems are particularly pronounced when treating high-concentration, large-volume hazardous waste landfill waste gas.
[0005] To address this, we propose a deodorization and detoxification device for hazardous waste landfill exhaust gas. This device utilizes the pressure of the exhaust gas itself to drive the washing system, eliminating the need for the rotary motor and agitator in the spray system, thus significantly reducing operating energy consumption. At the same time, compared with traditional fixed spraying, the rotary atomization produces finer droplets with a larger specific surface area, resulting in more thorough gas-liquid contact. Furthermore, the longer photolysis residence time enhances the photolysis effect. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a deodorization and detoxification device for hazardous waste landfill exhaust gas. This device uses the pressure of the exhaust gas itself to drive the washing system, eliminating the need for the rotary motor and agitator of the spray system, which greatly reduces the energy consumption of operation. At the same time, compared with traditional fixed spraying, the rotary atomization produces finer droplets with a larger specific surface area, resulting in more sufficient gas-liquid contact. In addition, the photolysis residence time is longer, which improves the photolysis effect.
[0007] The specific technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0008] A deodorization and detoxification device for waste gas from a hazardous waste landfill includes a treatment cylinder, an air inlet pipe on the outside of the treatment cylinder, a pretreatment component inside the air inlet pipe, and a rotary spray component and a photolysis component inside the treatment cylinder.
[0009] The rotary spray assembly includes a fixed ring fixedly disposed inside the processing cylinder. A support rod is disposed inside the fixed ring. A fixed sleeve is disposed at the end of the support rod away from the fixed ring. A rotating shaft is rotatably disposed inside the fixed sleeve. A fan blade corresponding to the position of the air inlet pipe is disposed at the bottom of the rotating shaft. A hollow water storage shell is disposed at the top of the rotating shaft. An atomizing nozzle is disposed on the outside of the hollow water storage shell. An inlet pipe is rotatably disposed on the top of the hollow water storage shell and an L-shaped baffle is fixedly disposed thereon.
[0010] Furthermore, the pretreatment component includes a filter screen disposed inside the intake pipe.
[0011] Furthermore, the rotating shaft rotates on the fixed sleeve via ball bearings.
[0012] Furthermore, a first induced draft fan is installed on the air intake pipe.
[0013] Furthermore, a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the processing cylinder, and an exhaust pipe is provided at the top.
[0014] Furthermore, the water inlet pipe is rotatably connected to the hollow water storage shell via a sealing sleeve.
[0015] Furthermore, the photolysis assembly includes a first air inlet plate, a first exhaust plate, and an ultraviolet lamp disposed on the inner wall of the processing cylinder. The ultraviolet lamp is disposed between the first air inlet plate and the first exhaust plate, and a spiral air guide tube is disposed on the ultraviolet lamp. One end of the spiral air guide tube is connected to the first air inlet plate, and the other end of the spiral air guide tube is connected to the first exhaust plate.
[0016] The technical effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:
[0017] The flowing exhaust gas is introduced through the inlet pipe and first impacts the fan blades. The kinetic energy of the exhaust gas drives the fan blades to rotate, which in turn drives the entire hollow water storage shell and atomizing nozzle to rotate at high speed through the shaft. An external water pump provides pressure and delivers liquid, allowing the spray liquid to enter the inlet pipe and then be continuously injected into the rotating hollow water storage shell. The liquid is then sprayed out through the atomizing nozzle. The rising exhaust gas collides and contacts these droplets, and water-soluble pollutants in the exhaust gas (such as H2S, NH3, and dust particles) are absorbed and captured by the droplets, completing the primary purification. The L-shaped baffle also rotates, causing the atomized liquid and gas to deflect and shear, greatly increasing the turbulence and mixing intensity of the fluid, further improving the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency, and ensuring the efficient removal of pollutants. After being thoroughly washed and mixed, the moistened exhaust gas finally rises to the photolysis component area at the top of the treatment cylinder. Under high-energy ultraviolet radiation, the remaining malodorous organic matter and VOCs in the exhaust gas are directly decomposed or oxidized with ozone·OH free radicals generated by the ultraviolet radiation, ultimately being degraded into harmless substances such as CO2 and H2O, achieving deep detoxification and deodorization. This device utilizes the exhaust gas's own pressure to drive the scrubbing system, eliminating the need for a rotary motor and agitator in the spray system, significantly reducing operating energy consumption. Furthermore, compared to traditional fixed spraying, the rotary atomization produces finer droplets with a larger specific surface area, resulting in more thorough gas-liquid contact. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the processing cylinder of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary spray assembly of this utility model;
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photolysis component of this utility model.
[0022] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:
[0023] 1. Processing cylinder; 2. Air inlet pipe; 3. Fixing ring; 4. Support rod; 5. Fixing sleeve; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Fan blade; 8. Hollow water storage shell; 9. Atomizing nozzle; 10. Water inlet pipe; 11. L-shaped baffle; 12. First air inlet plate; 13. First exhaust plate; 14. Ultraviolet lamp; 15. Spiral air guide pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0024] To make the objectives and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of this utility model and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by this utility model.
[0025] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a hazardous waste landfill exhaust gas deodorization and detoxification device includes a treatment cylinder 1, an air inlet pipe 2 is provided on the outside of the treatment cylinder 1, a pretreatment component is provided inside the air inlet pipe 2, and a rotary spray component and a photolysis component are provided inside the treatment cylinder 1.
[0026] The rotary spray assembly includes a fixed ring 3 fixedly installed inside the treatment cylinder 1. A support rod 4 is provided inside the fixed ring 3. A fixed sleeve 5 is provided at the end of the support rod 4 away from the fixed ring 3. A rotating shaft 6 is rotatably installed inside the fixed sleeve 5. A fan blade 7 corresponding to the position of the air inlet pipe 2 is provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft 6. A hollow water storage shell 8 is provided at the top of the rotating shaft 6. An atomizing nozzle 9 is provided on the outside of the hollow water storage shell 8. An inlet pipe 10 is rotatably installed on the top of the hollow water storage shell 8 and an L-shaped baffle 11 is fixedly installed. The size and angle of the fan blade (7) are designed to ensure that sufficient torque can be generated under the expected exhaust gas flow rate to drive the rotary spray system to work normally.
[0027] The pretreatment component includes a filter screen installed inside the intake pipe 2. The filter screen can filter impurities in the gas. The filter screen is removable and needs to be cleaned regularly. This is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.
[0028] Meanwhile, the rotating shaft 6 rotates on the fixed sleeve 5 via ball bearings, which reduces friction and lowers the required power.
[0029] Furthermore, a first induced draft fan (not shown in the figure) is installed on the intake pipe 2. The exhaust gas is driven in by the first induced draft fan. The first induced draft fan is an axial flow induced draft fan. Its installation method and operating principle are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.
[0030] The bottom of the treatment cylinder 1 is equipped with a drain pipe and the top is equipped with an exhaust pipe. The liquid is discharged through the drain pipe and the exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe.
[0031] It should be noted that a second induced draft fan is installed on the exhaust pipe. The exhaust gas is propelled in by the power provided by the second induced draft fan. The model of the second induced draft fan is an axial flow induced draft fan. Its installation method and operating principle are existing technologies and will not be elaborated on here.
[0032] The water inlet pipe 10 is rotatably connected to the hollow water storage shell 8 through a sealing sleeve. The sealing sleeve not only allows the hollow water storage shell 8 to rotate on the water inlet pipe 10, but also prevents water leakage.
[0033] The photolysis assembly includes a first air inlet plate 12, a first exhaust plate 13, and an ultraviolet lamp 14 disposed on the inner wall of the processing cylinder 1. The ultraviolet lamp 14 is disposed between the first air inlet plate 12 and the first exhaust plate 13, and a spiral air guide pipe 15 is disposed on the ultraviolet lamp 14. One end of the spiral air guide pipe 15 is connected to the first air inlet plate 12, and the other end of the spiral air guide pipe 15 is connected to the first exhaust plate 13.
[0034] After the exhaust gas is treated, it enters the spiral air guide pipe 15 through the first air inlet plate 12. After being irradiated by the ultraviolet lamp 14, the remaining malodorous organic matter and VOCs in the exhaust gas are directly decomposed, or reacted with the ozone·OH free radicals generated by the ultraviolet light to undergo oxidation reaction, and are finally degraded into harmless substances such as CO2 and H2O, thus achieving deep detoxification and deodorization.
[0035] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: High-pressure exhaust gas is introduced through the inlet pipe 2 and first impacts the fan blade 7. The kinetic energy of the exhaust gas drives the fan blade 7 to rotate, which in turn drives the entire hollow water storage shell 8 and the atomizing nozzle 9 to rotate at high speed through the rotating shaft 6. The external water pump provides pressure and delivers liquid, so that the spray liquid enters the water inlet pipe 10 and is continuously injected into the rotating hollow water storage shell 8. Then it is sprayed out through the atomizing nozzle 9. The rising exhaust gas collides and contacts these droplets. The water-soluble pollutants in the exhaust gas (such as H2S, NH3, and dust particles) are absorbed and captured by the droplets, completing the primary purification. The L-shaped baffle 11 also rotates, and when it rotates, it causes the atomized liquid and gas to generate backflow and shear, which greatly increases the turbulence and mixing intensity of the fluid, further improving the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency and ensuring the efficient removal of pollutants. After being thoroughly washed and mixed, the wet exhaust gas finally rises to the photolysis component area at the top of the treatment cylinder 1. Under high-energy ultraviolet radiation, the remaining malodorous organic matter and VOCs in the exhaust gas are directly decomposed or oxidized with ozone·OH free radicals generated by the ultraviolet radiation, ultimately being degraded into harmless substances such as CO2 and H2O, achieving deep detoxification and deodorization. This device utilizes the exhaust gas's own pressure to drive the scrubbing system, eliminating the need for a rotary motor and agitator in the spray system, significantly reducing operating energy consumption. Furthermore, compared to traditional fixed spraying, the rotary atomization produces finer droplets with a larger specific surface area, resulting in more thorough gas-liquid contact.
[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented using conventional methods in the field.
Claims
1. A deodorization and detoxification device for waste gas from a hazardous waste landfill, comprising a treatment cylinder (1), characterized in that: An air inlet pipe (2) is provided on the outside of the processing cylinder (1), a pretreatment component is provided inside the air inlet pipe (2), and a rotary spray component and a photolysis component are provided inside the processing cylinder (1). The rotating spray assembly includes a fixed ring (3) fixedly disposed inside the processing cylinder (1), a support rod (4) disposed inside the fixed ring (3), a fixed sleeve (5) disposed at the end of the support rod (4) away from the fixed ring (3), a rotating shaft (6) rotatably disposed inside the fixed sleeve (5), a fan blade (7) corresponding to the position of the air inlet pipe (2) disposed at the bottom of the rotating shaft (6), a hollow water storage shell (8) disposed at the top of the rotating shaft (6), an atomizing nozzle (9) disposed on the outside of the hollow water storage shell (8), and a water inlet pipe (10) rotatably disposed on the top of the hollow water storage shell (8) and an L-shaped baffle (11) fixedly disposed thereon.
2. The hazardous waste landfill exhaust gas deodorization and detoxification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment component includes a filter screen disposed inside the air intake pipe (2).
3. The hazardous waste landfill exhaust gas deodorization and detoxification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (6) rotates on the fixed sleeve (5) via ball bearings.
4. The hazardous waste landfill exhaust gas deodorization and detoxification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake pipe (2) is equipped with a first induced draft fan.
5. The hazardous waste landfill exhaust gas deodorization and detoxification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing cylinder (1) is equipped with a drain pipe at the bottom and an exhaust pipe at the top.
6. The hazardous waste landfill exhaust gas deodorization and detoxification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet pipe (10) and the hollow water storage shell (8) are rotatably connected by a sealing sleeve.
7. The hazardous waste landfill exhaust gas deodorization and detoxification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photolysis assembly includes a first air inlet plate (12), a first exhaust plate (13), and an ultraviolet lamp (14) disposed on the inner wall of the processing cylinder (1). The ultraviolet lamp (14) is disposed between the first air inlet plate (12) and the first exhaust plate (13), and a spiral air guide pipe (15) is disposed on the ultraviolet lamp (14). One end of the spiral air guide pipe (15) is connected to the first air inlet plate (12), and the other end of the spiral air guide pipe (15) is connected to the first exhaust plate (13).