A reactor experimental machine for magnesium powder hydrogenation reaction

Abstract

The utility model relates to hydrogen energy storage material preparation and experimental equipment technical field provides a reactor experiment machine for magnesium powder hydrogenation reaction, include: reaction cavity, front transition section, rear transition section, heat conducting oil jacket, magnetic stirring mechanism, the outer wall of reaction cavity is equipped with heat conducting oil jacket, heat conducting oil jacket is along the axial division of reaction cavity at least two temperature control area, the front end of reaction cavity is connected with front transition section, and the rear end is connected with rear transition section, the magnetic stirring mechanism includes: outer magnetic coupler and inner magnetic shaft, the outer magnetic coupler sets up in front of front transition section, the output end cooperation of inner magnetic shaft with outer magnetic coupler is set up, the inner magnetic shaft is through front transition section, reaction cavity and rear transition section, and is located in the inner magnetic shaft in reaction cavity and sets up stirring vane, the utility model realizes the fine adjustment of reaction area temperature, promotes gas solid mixed uniformity, reduces the heat dissipation loss and guarantees the long -term stable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen energy storage material preparation and experimental equipment technology, and in particular to a reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder. Background Technology

[0002] In the study of the preparation and reaction performance of metal hydride materials, magnesium and its alloys have attracted widespread attention due to their high hydrogen storage capacity and abundant resources. Magnesium powder reacts with hydrogen under high temperature and high pressure conditions to produce magnesium hydride, but the reaction has obvious exothermic characteristics, requiring extremely high standards for heat transfer uniformity, gas-solid contact efficiency, and sealing safety.

[0003] Existing experimental reaction equipment mostly adopts a monolithic heating structure, making it difficult to achieve independent temperature control at different locations in the reaction zone. This leads to problems such as uneven temperature distribution, localized overheating, magnesium powder agglomeration, and fluctuations in reaction rate. Furthermore, traditional stirring and sealing structures are prone to powder jamming or seal aging failure under high temperature and pressure environments, causing equipment instability and safety hazards. In addition, flange ends and transition sections generally suffer from severe heat dissipation problems, affecting reaction thermal efficiency and thermal field consistency.

[0004] In summary, existing hydrogenation reaction experimental equipment still has significant shortcomings in terms of temperature field zone control, gas-solid mixing uniformity, sealing reliability, and heat loss suppression. There is an urgent need for a reactor experimental machine that can achieve zoned heat conduction control, global temperature measurement, safe sealing, and anti-jamming structure to improve experimental stability and reaction efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention primarily addresses the technical problems existing in current hydrogenation reaction experimental equipment, such as difficulty in controlling the temperature field in different zones, uneven heat conduction leading to reaction rate fluctuations, easy failure of the sealing structure under high temperature and high pressure, severe heat dissipation at the flange end, and easy jamming in the powder stirring part. It proposes a reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder, which has a compact structure, reliable sealing, controllable heat conduction zones, and is suitable for the gas-solid reaction process of magnesium powder. This allows for precise adjustment of the temperature in the reaction zone, improves the uniformity of gas-solid mixing, reduces heat dissipation loss, and ensures long-term stable operation.

[0006] This utility model provides a reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder, including: a reaction chamber, a front transition section, a rear transition section, a heat transfer oil jacket, and a magnetic stirring mechanism;

[0007] The outer wall of the reaction chamber is fitted with a heat-conducting oil jacket; the heat-conducting oil jacket is divided into at least two temperature control zones along the axial direction of the reaction chamber; each temperature control zone is provided with a heat-conducting oil inlet and a heat-conducting oil outlet;

[0008] The front end of the reaction chamber is connected to a front transition section, and the rear end is connected to a rear transition section.

[0009] The magnetic stirring mechanism includes: an external magnetic coupler and an internal magnetic shaft; the external magnetic coupler is located in front of the front transition section; the internal magnetic shaft is configured to cooperate with the output end of the external magnetic coupler; the internal magnetic shaft passes through the front transition section, the reaction chamber and the rear transition section, and stirring blades are arranged on the internal magnetic shaft located in the reaction chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the reaction chamber adopts a horizontal cylindrical structure, and a reaction space is formed inside the reaction chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the heat transfer oil jacket is divided into a front temperature control zone and a rear temperature control zone along the axial direction of the reaction chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the outer walls of both the front transition section and the rear transition section are provided with a heat insulation layer.

[0013] Preferably, the external magnetic coupler is connected to the front transition section via a first flange;

[0014] The front transition section is connected to the front end of the reaction chamber via a second flange;

[0015] The rear end of the reaction chamber and the rear transition section are connected by a third flange.

[0016] Preferably, a first sealing structure is provided at the connection between the front transition section and the second flange;

[0017] The first sealing structure includes: a first sealing layer and a first sealing cup;

[0018] The first sealing cup is fitted onto the inner magnetic shaft; the edge of the first sealing cup is in contact with the flange surface of the second flange.

[0019] A first sealing layer is provided on the outer side of the flange face of the second flange.

[0020] Preferably, a second sealing structure is provided at the connection between the rear transition section and the third flange;

[0021] The second sealing structure includes: a second sealing layer and a second sealing cup;

[0022] The second sealing cup is fitted onto the inner magnetic shaft; the edge of the second sealing cup is in contact with the flange surface of the third flange.

[0023] A second sealing layer is provided on the outer side of the flange face of the third flange.

[0024] Preferably, a support bearing is provided in the rear transition section; the support bearing is located at the end of the inner magnetic shaft.

[0025] Preferably, the reaction chamber is provided with a magnesium powder inlet, a magnesium powder outlet, a hydrogen outlet, an inert gas outlet, a spare outlet, a pressure gauge outlet, and at least two thermometer outlets;

[0026] The magnesium powder inlet is located at the front end of the reaction chamber, and the magnesium powder outlet is located at the bottom of the reaction chamber;

[0027] An observation window is provided at the magnesium powder inlet.

[0028] The reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder provided by this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0029] 1. By installing axially partitioned heat-conducting oil jackets outside the reaction chamber, independent temperature control of the front and rear of the reaction zone is achieved, resulting in a more uniform heat distribution during hydrogenation and effectively avoiding local overheating and temperature fluctuations. Partitioned heat conduction control allows the gas-solid phase reaction to proceed under a stable thermal field, thereby improving the reaction rate and hydrogenation uniformity.

[0030] 2. Regarding the sealing structure, this utility model sets a first sealing structure at the connection between the front transition section and the second flange, and a second sealing structure at the connection between the rear transition section and the third flange. A flexible polytetrafluoroethylene sealing layer is set on the outer side of the flange face, and in conjunction with the sharp-edge sealing cup structure, a multi-level sealing barrier is formed, which can prevent magnesium powder from getting stuck and high-temperature hydrogen from leaking, significantly improving the operational safety and long-term stability of the device under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

[0031] 3. Both the outer walls of the front and rear transition sections are equipped with heat insulation layers, reducing heat loss at the flange ends and maintaining the integrity of the temperature field in the reaction chamber, thereby improving thermal efficiency and reducing energy consumption. By incorporating support bearings and a saddle support structure, the overall operation of the device is more stable, maintaining good mechanical stability during long-term continuous experiments.

[0032] 4. This utility model achieves comprehensive performance advantages such as controllable heat conduction zones, uniform temperature distribution, reliable sealing, and adjustable material flow. It effectively solves problems such as uneven thermal field, powder jamming, severe heat dissipation, and sealing failure in traditional hydrogenation experimental devices, ensuring the safety, repeatability, and stability of the hydrogenation reaction process, and significantly improving the overall performance and service life of the experimental device. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental reactor for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder provided by this utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reaction chamber provided by this utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second sealing structure provided by this utility model.

[0036] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Reaction chamber; 2. Front transition section; 3. Rear transition section; 4. Heat transfer oil jacket; 5. External magnetic coupler; 6. Internal magnetic shaft; 7. First sealing layer; 8. First sealing cup; 9. Magnesium powder inlet; 10. Observation window; 11. Magnesium powder outlet; 12. Plug head; 13. Support bearing; 14. First flange; 15. Second flange; 16. Third flange; 17. Second sealing layer; 18. Second sealing cup; 19. Flange face. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the technical problems solved by this utility model, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and not intended to limit it. These embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and not for limitation; equivalent substitutions or appropriate changes to the raw material ratio, pressure and temperature window, stirring intensity, and post-treatment parameters without departing from the spirit of the utility model are all within the protection scope of the utility model. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only show the parts relevant to the utility model and not all of them.

[0038] like Figure 1-3 As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder, comprising: a reaction chamber 1, a front transition section 2, a rear transition section 3, a heat transfer oil jacket 4, and a magnetic stirring mechanism.

[0039] The reaction chamber 1 adopts a horizontal cylindrical structure, forming a reaction space within it to accommodate the gas-solid reaction between magnesium powder and hydrogen. The reactor experimental machine of this invention employs a horizontal saddle support structure to reduce the impact of vibration and thermal expansion on the flange sealing surface.

[0040] The outer wall of the reaction chamber 1 is fitted with a heat transfer oil jacket 4. The heat transfer oil jacket 4 divides the reaction chamber 1 into at least two temperature control zones along its axial direction. Each temperature control zone is provided with a heat transfer oil inlet and a heat transfer oil outlet. The heat transfer oil inlet and outlet are connected to an external heat transfer oil circulation system. The heat transfer oil jacket 4 is used to introduce a heat transfer medium to heat or cool the reaction chamber 1, and the division into at least two temperature control zones enables zoned temperature control of the reaction chamber 1. Each temperature control zone of the heat transfer oil jacket 4 is equipped with an independent heat transfer pipe, which is connected to the external heat transfer oil system, thereby enabling differentiated temperature control at different stages of the hydrogenation reaction. The inlet of the heat transfer pipe is the heat transfer oil inlet, and the outlet of the heat transfer pipe is the heat transfer oil outlet.

[0041] Specifically, based on the exothermic characteristics of the hydrogenation reaction, the heat transfer oil jacket 4 is configured in zones, dividing the reaction chamber 1 into a front temperature control zone and a rear temperature control zone along the axial direction. Both the front and rear temperature control zones are equipped with heat transfer oil inlets (N4, N6) and outlets (N5, N7) to connect with an external heat transfer oil circulation system, thereby achieving zoned temperature control of the reaction chamber 1.

[0042] The front end of the reaction chamber 1 is connected to a front transition section 2, and the rear end is connected to a rear transition section 3. Specifically, the external magnetic coupler 5 is sealed to the front transition section 2 through a first flange 14; the front transition section 2 is sealed to the front end of the reaction chamber 1 through a second flange 15; and the rear end of the reaction chamber 1 is sealed to the rear transition section 3 through a third flange 16.

[0043] The magnetic stirring mechanism includes an external magnetic coupler 5 and an internal magnetic shaft 6. The external magnetic coupler 5 is positioned in front of the front transition section 2. The internal magnetic shaft 6 is configured to cooperate with the output end of the external magnetic coupler 5. Specifically, the external magnetic coupler 5 and the internal magnetic shaft 6 transmit torque through a magnetic field. The internal magnetic shaft 6 passes through the front transition section 2, the reaction chamber 1, and the rear transition section 3, and stirring blades are mounted on the internal magnetic shaft 6 within the reaction chamber 1. The stirring blades on the internal magnetic shaft 6 serve as the stirring shaft. The drive motor of the external magnetic coupler 5 is coaxially connected to the external magnetic coupler 5, driving the internal magnetic shaft 6 to rotate, thereby causing the magnesium powder to tumble and circulate within the reaction chamber 1, enhancing hydrogen diffusion and increasing the reaction rate.

[0044] A first sealing structure is provided at the connection between the front transition section 2 and the second flange 15. The first sealing structure includes: a first sealing layer 7 and a first sealing cup 8. The first sealing cup 8 is sleeved on the inner magnetic shaft 6. The edge of the first sealing cup 8 fits against the flange surface of the second flange 15. A sealing groove is provided on the flange surface of the second flange 15. The edge of the first sealing cup 8 is machined into a sharp edge to prevent magnesium powder from entering the space of the front transition section 2, and to avoid the inner magnetic shaft 6 from getting stuck or the seal failing due to powder pressing in. The first sealing layer 7 is provided on the outer side of the flange surface of the second flange 15. The first sealing layer 7 is made of flexible polytetrafluoroethylene material. The first sealing structure may also include a first packing, which can be disposed between the second flange 15 and the inner magnetic shaft 6.

[0045] A second sealing structure is provided at the connection between the rear transition section 3 and the third flange 16; such as Figure 3As shown, the second sealing structure includes: a second sealing layer 17 and a second sealing cup 18; the second sealing cup 18 is sleeved on the inner magnetic shaft 6; the edge of the second sealing cup 18 fits against the flange face 19 of the third flange 16, and a sealing groove is provided on the flange face 19 of the third flange 16; the edge of the second sealing cup 18 is machined into a sharp edge to prevent magnesium powder from entering the space of the rear transition section 3 where the support bearing 13 is located, and to avoid the inner magnetic shaft 6 from jamming or sealing failure due to powder pressing in; the second sealing layer 17 is provided on the outer side of the flange face 19 of the third flange 16, and the second sealing layer 17 is made of flexible polytetrafluoroethylene material. The second sealing structure may also include a second packing, which can be disposed between the third flange 16 and the inner magnetic shaft 6.

[0046] This invention provides a first sealing structure at the connection between the front transition section 2 and the second flange 15, and a second sealing structure at the connection between the rear transition section 3 and the third flange 16. This ensures the sealing reliability under high temperature and high pressure conditions, prevents magnesium powder from entering the space between the front transition section 2 and the rear transition section 3, prevents magnesium powder from accumulating and getting stuck at the junction of the inner magnetic shaft 6 and the flange, and ensures that no leakage occurs in high temperature, high pressure and hydrogen-containing environments.

[0047] A support bearing 13 is installed within the rear transition section 3. The support bearing 13 is located at the end of the inner magnetic shaft 6 and is used to bear the rotational load of the inner magnetic shaft 6, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the stirring operation. The support bearing 13 is a high-temperature hydrogen-resistant rolling bearing to ensure the long-term stable operation of the stirring shaft in a hydrogenated environment.

[0048] The outer walls of both the front transition section 2 and the rear transition section 3 are provided with heat insulation layers to reduce the conduction and loss of heat through the flange ends and prevent structural stress and heat loss caused by the temperature difference between the two ends.

[0049] The reaction chamber 1 is equipped with a magnesium powder inlet 9 (N1), a magnesium powder outlet 11 (N2), a hydrogen inlet N3, an inert gas inlet N8, a spare inlet N9, a pressure gauge inlet P1, and at least two thermometer inlets (T1, T2). The magnesium powder inlet 9 (N1) is located at the front end of the reaction chamber 1 and is used for feeding. The magnesium powder outlet 11 (N2) is located at the bottom of the reaction chamber 1 and is used for product discharge. Both the magnesium powder inlet 9 (N1) and the magnesium powder outlet 11 (N2) adopt a necked butt-welded flange structure to ensure the sealing of the feeding and discharging process. The hydrogen inlet N3 is located above the reaction chamber 1 and is used to introduce high-purity hydrogen. The inert gas inlet N8 is used for nitrogen or argon purging before and after the reaction to prevent air from mixing in, thereby removing residual air in the reaction chamber 1 and preventing hydrogen from mixing with air. Two thermometer ports (T1 and T2) are respectively located in the gas phase zone above and the solid phase zone below the reaction chamber 1, for inserting thermocouples to monitor the temperature and realize multi-point measurement of the gas and solid phase temperatures. Pressure gauge port P1 is used to detect the pressure change inside the reaction chamber 1; an observation window 10 (S1) is set at the magnesium powder inlet 9 (N1) for observing the reaction process.

[0050] An overflow weir structure is axially arranged inside the reaction chamber 1. This overflow weir structure includes a bottom overflow port and two side wall overflow ports. The overflow ports adopt a sleeve-type structure, allowing for control of the material residence time and liquid level by adjusting the overflow port height or blocking it, thus adapting to the material flow and heat transfer requirements of different reaction stages. The overflow weir structure inside the reaction chamber of this invention adopts a multi-port adjustable design at the bottom and side walls, allowing for adjustment of the overflow port height and on / off state according to the experimental stage. This flexibly controls the residence time and liquid level of the reactants, optimizes the gas-solid contact interface, and further improves reaction efficiency.

[0051] During the experiment, heat transfer oil enters the front temperature control zone of the heat transfer oil jacket 4 through heat transfer oil inlet N4, flows along the front outer wall of the reaction chamber 1, and exits through heat transfer oil outlet N5; heat transfer oil enters the rear temperature control zone of the heat transfer oil jacket 4 through heat transfer oil inlet N6, flows along the rear outer wall of the reaction chamber 1, and exits through heat transfer oil outlet N7, forming an independent circulation path. Hydrogen gas is introduced into the reaction chamber 1 through hydrogen port N3, and undergoes a hydrogenation reaction with magnesium powder to generate magnesium hydride. The heat transfer oil system maintains a stable temperature in the reaction zone through zoned temperature control, avoiding overheating or uneven heating. During the reaction, the temperature distribution in the gas phase and solid phase zones is monitored in real time through thermometer ports T1 and T2, and the pressure change in the chamber is monitored through pressure gauge port P1, achieving dynamic control of reaction parameters.

[0052] After the reaction is complete, the product is discharged through magnesium powder outlet 11 (N2). The system can be purged with inert gas via inert gas outlet N8 for displacement and cooling, restoring the equipment to a safe atmospheric pressure state. The entire equipment structure achieves excellent sealing, heat exchange, and operational safety, enabling long-term stable hydrogenation experiments.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions for some or all of the technical features, do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder, characterized in that, include: Reaction chamber (1), front transition section (2), rear transition section (3), heat transfer oil jacket (4), magnetic stirring mechanism; The outer wall of the reaction chamber (1) is fitted with a heat transfer oil jacket (4); the heat transfer oil jacket (4) is divided into at least two temperature control zones along the axial direction of the reaction chamber (1); each temperature control zone is provided with a heat transfer oil inlet and a heat transfer oil outlet; The front end of the reaction chamber (1) is connected to a front transition section (2), and the rear end is connected to a rear transition section (3). The magnetic stirring mechanism includes: an outer magnetic coupler (5) and an inner magnetic shaft (6); the outer magnetic coupler (5) is disposed in front of the front transition section (2); The inner magnetic shaft (6) is configured to cooperate with the output end of the outer magnetic coupler (5); the inner magnetic shaft (6) passes through the front transition section (2), the reaction chamber (1) and the rear transition section (3), and stirring blades are provided on the inner magnetic shaft (6) located in the reaction chamber (1).

2. The reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction chamber (1) adopts a horizontal cylindrical structure, and a reaction space is formed inside the reaction chamber (1).

3. The reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat transfer oil jacket (4) is divided into a front temperature control zone and a rear temperature control zone along the axial direction of the reaction chamber (1).

4. The reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer walls of both the front transition section (2) and the rear transition section (3) are provided with heat insulation layers.

5. The reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external magnetic coupler (5) is connected to the front transition section (2) via the first flange (14); The front transition section (2) is connected to the front end of the reaction chamber (1) via a second flange (15); The rear end of the reaction chamber (1) is connected to the rear transition section (3) via a third flange (16).

6. The reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first sealing structure is provided at the connection between the front transition section (2) and the second flange (15); The first sealing structure includes: a first sealing layer (7) and a first sealing cup (8); The first sealing cup (8) is fitted onto the inner magnetic shaft (6); the edge of the first sealing cup (8) is in contact with the flange surface of the second flange (15); A first sealing layer (7) is provided on the outer side of the flange face of the second flange (15).

7. The reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder according to claim 5, characterized in that, A second sealing structure is provided at the connection between the rear transition section (3) and the third flange (16); The second sealing structure includes: a second sealing layer (17) and a second sealing cup (18). The second sealing cup (18) is fitted onto the inner magnetic shaft (6); the edge of the second sealing cup (18) is in contact with the flange surface of the third flange (16); A second sealing layer (17) is provided on the outer side of the flange face of the third flange (16).

8. The reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support bearing (13) is provided in the rear transition section (3); the support bearing (13) is located at the end of the inner magnetic shaft (6).

9. The reactor experimental machine for the hydrogenation reaction of magnesium powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction chamber (1) is provided with a magnesium powder inlet (9), a magnesium powder outlet (11), a hydrogen outlet, an inert gas outlet, a spare outlet, a pressure gauge outlet, and at least two thermometer outlets. The magnesium powder inlet (9) is located at the front end of the reaction chamber (1), and the magnesium powder outlet (11) is located at the bottom of the reaction chamber (1); An observation window (10) is provided at the magnesium powder inlet (9).

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