Biomass crusher

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of crushing equipment, and specifically discloses a biomass crusher which comprises a rack, a material conveying belt is welded to the rack, a crushing bin is hingedly connected to the rack, a crushing unit is arranged in the crushing bin, the crushing unit comprises a cutting mechanism and a motor one, a belt pulley one and a belt pulley two are respectively arranged at one end of the cutting mechanism and the output end of the motor one, a belt is wound around the belt pulley one and the belt pulley two, a bearing seat is rotatably connected to the other end of the cutting mechanism, the bearing seat is bolted to the rack, a discharge port is arranged below the crushing bin, and a transmission assembly and an extrusion assembly are arranged at one end of the material conveying belt; in view of the problem that the existing crusher is prone to winding and blocking when crushing fiber materials with certain humidity such as grape branches, the utility model pre-compresses the materials through the extrusion assembly arranged in front of the crushing unit, so that the problem that flexible materials such as grape branches are prone to winding and difficult to discharge due to fluffiness is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crushing equipment technology, specifically to a biomass crusher. Background Technology

[0002] A biomass crusher is a device used to crush biomass materials, converting wood waste, straw, rice straw, etc., into reusable raw materials. It is widely used in biomass energy, wood processing, and other fields. Biomass crushers are mainly divided into shear crushers, disc crushers, and integrated crushers; the working principles of different types of biomass crushers also differ. Shear crushers crush materials through tearing and shearing actions, efficiently processing loose, fibrous straw, as well as large-sized hard materials such as wood, with uniform output. They come in single-shaft, double-shaft, or four-shaft configurations. Disc crushers have a simple structure and are suitable for small-scale intermittent operations, but they have high energy consumption and generate a lot of dust, and are gradually being replaced by shear crushers. They can be used for biomass pellet or briquette fuel production. Integrated crushers are specifically designed for wood raw materials, capable of cutting whole tree trunks into fragments, suitable for composting or briquette fuel production.

[0003] While shear crushers and disc crushers can effectively crush grapevines, they are susceptible to the limitations of materials such as dense fibrous tissue, uneven branch thickness, high moisture content, and the presence of impurities like small fruits and vines. Since shear crushers and disc crushers are typically used for crushing straw and rice straw, grapevines, being long, flexible, and fibrous, are not immediately cut when fed into a shear crusher. Instead, they easily entangle on the cutter rollers, causing blockages, machine overload, and requiring manual cleaning, severely reducing efficiency and potentially damaging the cutter roller drive system. Similarly, disc crushers are less effective at crushing grapevines if the branches have a high moisture content, as these branches are more resilient and prone to entanglement and blockage.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide a biomass crusher to solve the problem that existing shear crushers and disc crushers are prone to entanglement and blockage when crushing grape branches, requiring shutdown for cleaning, which affects the crushing efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomass crusher to solve the problem that existing shear crushers and disc crushers are prone to entanglement and blockage when crushing grape branches, requiring shutdown for cleaning, which affects crushing efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the basic solution provided by this utility model is as follows: a biomass crusher, including a frame and a material conveyor belt, wherein the frame and the material conveyor belt are welded together, a crushing chamber is movably connected to the frame, a crushing unit is provided inside the crushing chamber, the crushing unit includes a cutting mechanism for cutting biomass and a motor for driving the cutting mechanism, a discharge port is provided below the crushing chamber, and a transmission component and an extrusion component are provided at one end of the material conveyor belt, the extrusion component being located above the material conveyor belt.

[0007] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: When in use, first turn on the transmission component so that the material conveyor belt can uniformly transport the material to the extrusion component. Then turn on the motor. When the material is transported to the extrusion component, it is extruded and falls into the crushing chamber. At this time, the pulley two drives the pulley one and the shaft to rotate through the belt. At the same time, the cutting blade on the shaft rotates at high speed to cut and crush the material in the crushing chamber. Finally, the crushed material is discharged from the discharge port.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model pre-compresses the material by setting an extrusion component before the crushing unit, thereby initially cutting off the longer branches and avoiding the long branches from getting tangled in the cutting blades. Compared with the existing shear crusher and disc crusher, this design can effectively avoid the grape branches getting tangled in the blades or getting blocked when crushing grape branches, thereby reducing equipment maintenance costs.

[0009] Option 2, which is a preferred option of the basic option, has a pulley 1 at one end of the cutting mechanism and a pulley 2 at the output end of the motor 1. A belt is wound around the pulley 1 and the pulley 2. The other end of the cutting mechanism is rotatably connected to a bearing seat, and the bearing seat is bolted to the frame.

[0010] Option 3, a preferred embodiment of the basic option, describes a cutting mechanism comprising a rotating shaft and a connecting rod. Several discs are evenly distributed side-by-side on the rotating shaft, and each disc has a circumferential array of through holes. The connecting rod passes sequentially through these through holes along the axial direction of the rotating shaft. Limit pins are detachably connected to both ends of the connecting rod. Four cutting blades are evenly distributed between two adjacent discs, and a spacer sleeve is movably fitted between two adjacent cutting blades. Several serrations are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each cutting blade. Both the cutting blades and the spacer sleeves are rotatably connected to the connecting rod. During biomass crushing, if hard or large branches are encountered, the rotatable connection between the cutting blades and the connecting rod allows the cutting blades to deflect on the connecting rod, preventing the machine from jamming. Simultaneously, during the rotary crushing process, the movable cutting blades can automatically adjust their angle according to the material resistance, protecting both the blades and the machine while improving cutting efficiency.

[0011] Option 4, which is a preferred option of Option 2, includes a transmission assembly comprising a gear 1 and a motor 2. The gear 1 is fixedly connected to one side of the material conveyor belt roller, and the output end of the motor 2 is equipped with a gear 2. Gears 1 and 2 are meshed with a rack. The material conveyor belt uses gear transmission, which can effectively prevent the risk of slippage during the conveying of grape branches and improve the continuity of operation.

[0012] Option 5, a preferred embodiment of Option 4, includes a toothed roller and a motor. The toothed roller is located above the material conveyor belt, with a pulley three at one end and a pulley four at the output end of the motor. Belts are wound around the pulleys three and four. For crushing fibrous materials such as grape branches, the sharp teeth on the toothed roller can split the fiber bundle into individual fibers, thus tearing large pieces of material into smaller pieces. The initial crushing is then completed through the compression between the toothed roller and the material conveyor belt. Therefore, compared with the smooth rollers and hammer blades of traditional biomass crushers, its dual action of splitting and compressing makes it more advantageous in processing fibrous materials with a certain degree of hardness and moisture content.

[0013] Option 6, which is a preferred option of Option 5, has protective covers bolted to both sides of the frame. Pulley 1, Pulley 2, belt, Pulley 3, Pulley 4, gear 1 and gear 2 are all located inside the protective covers. The protective covers can effectively ensure the safety of operators, while also reducing the entry of dust and impurities into the transmission mechanism, ensuring transmission efficiency, and extending the service life of the transmission components.

[0014] Option 7, a preferred option of the basic option, involves hinged crushing chamber and frame. A cylinder is provided on one side of the frame, and the telescopic end of the cylinder is hinged to the crushing chamber. When it is necessary to clear blockages or replace cutting blades, the crushing chamber can be raised by the cylinder to provide workers with a spacious working space and facilitate crusher maintenance.

[0015] Option 8, which is a preferred option of the basic option, has several saw teeth on the inner wall of the crushing chamber; when crushing fibrous materials, the saw teeth on the inner wall of the crushing chamber can tear the fiber bundles, preventing the material from being compressed into clumps and affecting the crushing effect.

[0016] Option 9, which is a preferred option of the basic option, has a discharge cover plate hinged to the frame, and the discharge cover plate is located at the discharge port. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a biomass crusher according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a biomass crusher for removing the protective cover according to this utility model; Figure 3 This is a front view of a biomass crusher according to this utility model; Figure 4 This is a rear view of a biomass crusher according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a right view of a biomass crusher according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of a biomass crusher according to this utility model; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Sectional view from AA; Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the cutting mechanism in a biomass crusher according to the present invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point B in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments: The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. Frame; 2. Material conveyor belt; 3. Crushing chamber; 4. Crushing unit; 41. Cutting mechanism; 411. Rotating shaft; 412. Connecting rod; 413. Disc; 414. Limit pin; 415. Cutting blade; 416. Spacer sleeve; 417. Saw tooth one; 42. Motor one; 43. Pulley one; 44. Pulley two; 45. Belt; 46. Bearing seat; 5. Discharge port; 6. Transmission assembly; 61. Gear one; 62. Motor two; 63. Gear two; 64. Rack; 7. Extrusion assembly; 71. Toothed roller; 72. Motor three; 73. Pulley three; 74. Pulley four; 8. Protective cover; 9. Cylinder; 10. Saw tooth two; 11. Discharge cover plate.

[0019] Example like Figures 1 to 9As shown: A biomass crusher includes a frame 1 and a material conveyor belt 2, which are welded together. Protective covers 8 are bolted to both sides of the frame 1. A crushing chamber 3 and a discharge cover 11 are hinged to the frame 1. A cylinder 9 is provided on one side of the frame 1, and the telescopic end of the cylinder 9 is hinged to the crushing chamber 3. A discharge port 5 is provided below the crushing chamber 3, and the discharge cover 11 is located at the discharge port 5. Several serrations 10 are provided on the inner wall of the crushing chamber 3. A crushing unit 4 is provided inside the crushing chamber 3. The crushing unit 4 includes a cutting mechanism 41 for cutting biomass and a... The motor 42 drives the cutting mechanism. The cutting mechanism 41 includes a rotating shaft 411 and a connecting rod 412. Several disks 413 are evenly distributed side-by-side on the rotating shaft 411. Several through holes are arranged circumferentially on each disk 413. The connecting rod 412 passes through the through holes sequentially along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 411. Limit pins 414 are detachably connected to both ends of the connecting rod 412. Four cutting blades 415 are evenly distributed between two adjacent disks 413. A spacer sleeve 416 is movably sleeved between two adjacent cutting blades 415. Several serrations are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each cutting blade 415. 417. The cutting blade 415 and the spacer sleeve 416 are rotatably connected to the connecting rod 412. One end of the rotating shaft 411 is provided with a pulley 43, and the output end of the motor 42 is provided with a pulley 44. A belt 45 is wound around the pulley 43 and the pulley 44. The other end of the cutting mechanism 41 is rotatably connected to a bearing seat 46, which is bolted to the frame 1. One end of the material conveyor belt 2 is provided with a transmission assembly 6 and a pressing assembly 7. The transmission assembly 6 includes a gear 61 and a motor 62. The gear 61 is fixedly connected to one side of the idler roller of the material conveyor belt 2. Next, the output end of motor 2 62 is provided with gear 2 63, and gear 1 61 and gear 2 63 are meshed with rack 64. The extrusion assembly 7 includes toothed roller 71 and motor 3 72. Toothed roller 71 is located above material conveyor belt 2. One end of toothed roller 71 is provided with pulley 3 73. The output end of motor 3 72 is provided with pulley 4 74. Belt 45 is wound around pulley 3 73 and pulley 4 74. Pulley 1 43, pulley 2 44, belt 45, pulley 3 73, pulley 4 74, gear 1 61 and gear 2 63 are all located inside protective cover 8.

[0020] The implementation method of this embodiment is as follows: When it is necessary to crush materials, firstly, motor 2 62 is turned on, causing gear 2 63 to rotate and drive gear 1 61 to rotate through rack 64, thereby causing the idler roller of material conveyor belt 2 to rotate. Then, the material to be crushed is placed on the conveyor belt, and the material is conveyed at a constant speed to the extrusion assembly 7 through material conveyor belt 2. Then, motor 3 72 and motor 1 42 are turned on in sequence. When the material is conveyed to the extrusion assembly 7, pulley 4 74 drives pulley 3 72 to rotate through belt 45, and at the same time, the toothed roller 71 rotates and extrudes the material. Then, the extruded material falls into the crushing chamber 3. At this time, pulley 2 44 on motor 1 42 drives pulley 1 43 and shaft 411 to rotate through belt 45. At the same time, the shaft 411 drives the cutting blade 415 on the connecting rod 412 to rotate at high speed, which can cut and crush the material in the crushing chamber 3. Finally, the discharge cover plate 11 is rotated clockwise, so that the crushed material is discharged from the discharge port 5, thus completing the crushing work.

[0021] When the crushing unit 4 needs to be inspected, first start the cylinder 9 to extend the telescopic end, and at the same time drive the crushing chamber 3 to rotate counterclockwise around the hinge point. This will lift the crushing chamber 3 to expose the crushing unit 4 inside. At this time, the staff can carry out inspection and maintenance work on the crushing unit 4. After the inspection is completed, start the cylinder 9 again to retract the telescopic end and pull the crushing chamber 3 to rotate clockwise around the hinge point to reset it.

[0022] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. These modifications will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A biomass crusher, characterized in that, The device includes a frame (1) and a material conveyor belt (2), which are welded together. A crushing chamber (3) is movably connected to the frame (1). A crushing unit (4) is provided inside the crushing chamber (3). The crushing unit (4) includes a cutting mechanism (41) for cutting biomass and a motor (42) for driving the cutting mechanism. A discharge port (5) is provided below the crushing chamber (3). A transmission component (6) and an extrusion component (7) are provided at one end of the material conveyor belt (2). The extrusion component (7) is located above the material conveyor belt (2).

2. The biomass crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the cutting mechanism (41) is provided with a pulley (43), and the output end of the motor (42) is provided with a pulley (44). A belt (45) is wound around the pulley (43) and the pulley (44). The other end of the cutting mechanism (41) is rotatably connected to a bearing seat (46), and the bearing seat (46) is bolted to the frame (1).

3. A biomass crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting mechanism (41) includes a rotating shaft (411) and a connecting rod (412). Several disks (413) are evenly distributed side by side on the rotating shaft (411). Several through holes are arranged in a circumferential array on the disks (413). The connecting rod (412) passes through the through holes sequentially along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (411). Limit pins (414) are detachably connected to both ends of the connecting rod (412). Four cutting blades (415) are evenly distributed between two adjacent disks (413). A spacer sleeve (416) is movably sleeved between two adjacent cutting blades (415). Several serrations (417) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cutting blades (415). The cutting blades (415) and the spacer sleeve (416) are rotatably connected to the connecting rod (412).

4. A biomass crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (6) includes a gear one (61) and a motor two (62). The gear one (61) is fixedly connected to one side of the idler roller of the material conveyor belt (2). The output end of the motor two (62) is provided with a gear two (63). A rack (64) is meshed on the gear one (61) and the gear two (63).

5. A biomass crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that, The extrusion assembly (7) includes a toothed roller (71) and a motor (72). The toothed roller (71) is located above the material conveyor belt (2). One end of the toothed roller (71) is provided with a pulley (73). The output end of the motor (72) is provided with a pulley (74). A belt (45) is wound around the pulley (73) and the pulley (74).

6. A biomass crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that, The frame (1) is bolted to both sides with protective covers (8), and the pulley one (43), pulley two (44), belt (45), pulley three (73), pulley four (74), gear one (61) and gear two (63) are all located inside the protective cover (8).

7. A biomass crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing chamber (3) and the frame (1) are hinged together. A cylinder (9) is provided on one side of the frame (1). The telescopic end of the cylinder (9) is hinged to the crushing chamber (3).

8. A biomass crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the crushing chamber (3) is provided with several saw teeth (10).

9. A biomass crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, A discharge cover plate (11) is hinged to the frame (1) and the discharge cover plate (11) is located at the discharge port (5).

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