A coal washing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a coal washing device belongs to coal preparation equipment technical field, and this device includes the cylinder cyclone that is equipped with clean coal export, the cylinder conical cyclone that is equipped with medium coal export and gangue export, feeding mechanism and connecting mechanism, and feeding mechanism includes guide chute, sets up the guide cone of guide chute upper portion, sets up the mixed leaf of guide cone below and the feeding pipe that communicates with the bottom of guide chute, and connecting mechanism includes the connecting pipe, and the pipe wall of connecting pipe is opened and is equipped with the overhaul cleaning mouth, still includes the sealing cover of through bolt detachable fixed and be used for sealing this overhaul cleaning mouth. The utility model discloses through feeding mechanism, has improved raw material and medium's mixed uniformity and separation precision, and through setting up overhaul cleaning mouth and detachable sealing cover on connecting mechanism, has simplified the inside equipment of viewing and cleaning maintenance, has shortened the downtime.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of coal washing equipment, and in particular to a coal washing device. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy medium hydrocyclone separation is one of the most widely used and efficient coal washing technologies. Its basic principle is to mix raw coal with a heavy medium suspension of a certain density, and then use a pump to send the mixture into the hydrocyclone at high speed. In the strong centrifugal force field formed in the hydrocyclone, the less dense clean coal and the more dense gangue are quickly separated, thereby purifying the coal.

[0003] In the above process, the mixing effect of raw coal and heavy medium suspension before entering the hydrocyclone is the key prerequisite for determining the separation accuracy and efficiency. If the mixing is uneven, the local density of the material entering the hydrocyclone will be unstable, which will disrupt the stability of the separation force field inside the hydrocyclone. This will cause some clean coal to be misjudged as gangue and lost, or some gangue to be mixed into the clean coal, affecting the product quality. This directly reduces the technical indicators and economic benefits of the entire washing and beneficiation process.

[0004] Furthermore, since heavy medium suspensions contain a large number of high-speed moving solid particles, they can cause severe scouring and wear on hydrocyclones and related connecting pipes. To ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment, it is necessary to regularly inspect and maintain the internal components. However, traditional coal washing equipment piping systems are usually fully enclosed welded or flanged connections. When conducting internal inspections, the entire system must be shut down and the heavy piping must be disassembled. This process is complex, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, which seriously affects the continuity of production and increases losses caused by unplanned downtime. Existing technologies often view mixing effects or maintenance convenience in isolation, lacking an integrated design that takes both into account. As a result, overall operating efficiency and maintenance convenience remain bottlenecks.

[0005] Therefore, this utility model proposes a coal washing device to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a coal washing device, which aims to improve the problems in the existing coal washing device, such as insufficient mixing of raw materials and media leading to low sorting efficiency, and the cumbersome and time-consuming inspection and maintenance process due to the fully enclosed internal pipeline system.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a coal washing device, comprising: a cylindrical hydrocyclone with a clean coal outlet, a cylindrical-conical hydrocyclone with a middlings coal outlet and a gangue outlet, a feeding mechanism, and a connecting mechanism.

[0008] The feeding mechanism includes a guide hopper, a guide cone, a mixing blade, and a feeding pipe. The guide cone is located at the top of the guide hopper, the mixing blade is located below the guide cone, and the feeding pipe is connected to the bottom of the guide hopper.

[0009] The connecting mechanism includes a connecting pipe, a sealing cap, and bolts. The connecting pipe has an inspection and cleaning port on its wall. The sealing cap is detachably fixed by the bolts and is used to seal the inspection and cleaning port. The outlet of the feeding mechanism is connected to the inlet of the cylindrical hydrocyclone. The connecting mechanism connects the bottom discharge port of the cylindrical hydrocyclone with the top inlet of the cylindrical conical hydrocyclone.

[0010] Preferably, the feeding mechanism further includes a support rod, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide hopper and used to support the mixing blade.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a feed pipe, the outlet end of which is connected to the feed hopper for supplying a medium into the feed hopper.

[0012] More preferably, the feeding mechanism further includes a protective net, which is disposed inside the guide hopper and covers the outlet end of the feeding pipe to prevent raw material backflow.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting mechanism further includes a sealing strip, which is disposed between the sealing cover and the edge of the inspection and cleaning port, and is used to achieve a seal through the tightening action of the bolts.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting mechanism further includes a connector tube, and the sealing cap engages with the connector tube.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a support frame, on which both the cylindrical hydrocyclone and the cylindrical-conical hydrocyclone are fixedly mounted.

[0016] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. In this utility model, by setting a feeding mechanism that combines a guide cone and a mixing blade, the raw material is first dispersed and then forcibly stirred before entering the hydrocyclone. This solves the problem of insufficient mixing between the raw material and the medium in the prior art, which leads to low sorting efficiency. It achieves the technical effect of improving the mixing uniformity, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of coal washing and sorting.

[0018] 2. In this utility model, by opening an inspection and cleaning port fixed by a sealing cover and bolts on the connecting pipe connecting the two-stage hydrocyclones, the problems of difficulty in observing the internal wear of the equipment, large-scale disassembly for cleaning and maintenance, and time and labor consumption in the prior art are solved. This achieves the technical effect of convenient and quick inspection and cleaning of the equipment interior, greatly shortening maintenance downtime and reducing maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a coal washing device proposed in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection mechanism of a coal washing device proposed in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the mixing blade of a coal washing device proposed in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 5 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the maintenance and cleaning port of a coal washing device proposed in this utility model.

[0024] Legend:

[0025] 1. Cylindrical hydrocyclone; 2. Cylindrical-conical hydrocyclone; 3. Feeding mechanism; 301. Guide cone; 302. Mixing blade; 303. Support rod; 304. Protective net; 305. Guide hopper; 306. Feeding pipe; 4. Feeding medium pipe; 5. Connecting mechanism; 501. Connecting pipe; 502. Sealing cover; 503. Bolt; 504. Sealing strip; 505. Inspection and cleaning port; 506. Connecting pipe; 6. Support frame; 7. Clean coal outlet; 8. Mid-coal outlet; 9. Gangue outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Reference Figures 1-5 The present invention provides an embodiment of a coal washing device, which aims to solve the problems of low sorting efficiency caused by uneven mixing of raw materials and media, and difficulty in internal maintenance and cleaning of equipment in the prior art.

[0028] The coal washing device includes a support frame 6, and a cylindrical hydrocyclone 1 and a cylindrical conical hydrocyclone 2 fixedly installed on the support frame 6. The support frame 6 provides a stable installation foundation for the entire device, and the cylindrical hydrocyclone 1 and the cylindrical conical hydrocyclone 2 are used to classify and separate the coal. The device also includes a feeding mechanism 3 for feeding the cylindrical hydrocyclone 1, and a connecting mechanism 5 for connecting the cylindrical hydrocyclone 1 and the cylindrical conical hydrocyclone 2. Specifically, the top of the cylindrical hydrocyclone 1 is provided with a clean coal outlet 7, and the cylindrical conical hydrocyclone 2 is provided with a middlings coal outlet 8 and a gangue outlet 9.

[0029] The outlet of the feeding mechanism 3 is connected to the inlet of the cylindrical hydrocyclone 1, aiming to promote thorough mixing of raw materials and media. The feeding mechanism 3 includes a hollow guide hopper 305, with a guide cone 301 for dispersing materials fixedly connected to the upper part of the guide hopper 305, and a mixing blade 302 for stirring and mixing arranged below the guide cone 301. The mixing blade 302 is fixedly supported by a support rod 303, one end of which is connected to the mixing blade 302, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide hopper 305. The inner wall of 5; a feed pipe 306 is integrally formed or welded at the bottom of the feed hopper 305, and the mixed material enters the cylindrical hydrocyclone 1 through the feed pipe 306; in addition, the device is also provided with a feed medium pipe 4, the outlet end of the feed medium pipe 4 is connected to the feed hopper 305, and is used to supply the medium into the feed hopper 305; in order to prevent the raw material from flowing back into the feed medium pipe 4, a protective net 304 is also provided in the feed hopper 305, the protective net 304 is provided in the feed hopper 305 and blocks the outlet end of the feed medium pipe 4.

[0030] The connecting mechanism 5 connects the bottom discharge port of the cylindrical hydrocyclone 1 with the top feed port of the cylindrical conical hydrocyclone 2, facilitating inspection and cleaning of the equipment interior. The connecting mechanism 5 includes a connecting pipe 501 as the main body, with a maintenance and cleaning port 505 opened on the pipe wall of the connecting pipe 501. The connecting mechanism 5 also includes a sealing cover 502 and several bolts 503. The sealing cover 502 is used to cover and close the maintenance and cleaning port 505, and is detachably fixed to the connecting pipe 501 by the bolts 503.

[0031] The guide cone 301 is an inverted cone-shaped structure, fixedly connected to the inlet of the guide hopper 305. It is used to forcibly disperse the vertically entering blocky or granular raw materials to the inner walls of the guide hopper 305, preventing the material from accumulating in the central area and making it difficult to contact the medium. The mixing blade 302 is located directly below the guide cone 301 and consists of multiple radially arranged blades. Driven by the medium fluid or by an independent drive device, it rotates to strongly shear and stir the raw materials dispersed by the guide cone 301 and the medium injected from the feed pipe 4, so that the solid and liquid phases form a uniform suspension before entering the feed pipe 306. This ensures that the raw materials and the medium achieve a high degree of mixing uniformity within a very short stroke, providing a stable prerequisite for efficient separation in the subsequent cylindrical hydrocyclone 1.

[0032] A maintenance and cleaning port 505 is provided on the wall of the connecting pipe 501, and its size is sufficient to allow the equipment to be inspected or the high-pressure cleaning nozzle to be inserted. The shape of the sealing cap 502 is adapted to the maintenance and cleaning port 505 to completely cover it. An annular sealing strip 504 is provided between the edge of the sealing cap 502 and the maintenance and cleaning port 505. The sealing strip 504 is made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant elastic material. In the assembled state, the sealing cap 502 is connected to the connecting pipe 501 by multiple bolts 503 passing through the through holes on its edge. The threaded hole on the connector 501 allows for detachable fastening to the connecting pipe 501; when the bolt 503 is tightened, the pressure generated causes the sealing cap 502 to press against the sealing strip 504, thereby forming a reliable fluid seal at the connection; in addition, the sealing cap 502 also engages with the connector pipe 506, forming a more robust combined structure; the inspection port structure, fixed by the bolt and sealing strip, makes the observation and cleaning of the equipment's interior extremely convenient, without the need to disassemble the entire pipeline, greatly shortening the maintenance cycle.

[0033] To provide stable and reliable rotational support for the mixing blade 302, multiple support rods 303 are provided. They are evenly distributed around the central axis of the mixing blade 302, with one end welded and fixed to the outer edge or central disk of the mixing blade 302, and the other end welded and fixed to the inner wall of the guide hopper 305, forming a stable truss support structure.

[0034] In order to more effectively prevent the material backflow from the mixing zone from contaminating the feed pipe 4, the protective net 304 is a perforated metal mesh or woven mesh structure. Its shape is made into a curved surface that fits the inner wall of the feed hopper 305 and is fixed in front of the outlet of the feed pipe 4. This can ensure the smooth flow of the medium and effectively intercept splashed coal particles.

[0035] To enhance the sealing performance and extend the service life of the inspection and cleaning port 505, the sealing strip 504 is preferably embedded, that is, an annular groove is machined on the edge of the inspection and cleaning port 505, and the sealing strip 504 is embedded in the groove. When the sealing cover 502 is pressed, the sealing strip 504 is not easy to shift, resulting in better sealing effect and greater resistance to high pressure erosion.

[0036] One end of the connector pipe 506 is connected to the bottom discharge port of the cylindrical hydrocyclone 1, and the other end is connected to the connecting pipe 501. The sealing cover 502 engages with the specific flange structure of the connector pipe 506, making the installation and disassembly of the connecting mechanism 5 more modular.

[0037] The support frame 6 is a steel structure frame, on which a platform and fasteners are provided for fixing the cylindrical hydrocyclone 1 and the cylindrical conical hydrocyclone 2, ensuring that the two hydrocyclones maintain a precise relative position during operation, thereby ensuring the stability of the sorting process.

[0038] Working principle: During coal washing, the coarsely selected raw coal enters the feeding mechanism 3 from the upper feed inlet. It first encounters the guide cone 301 and is evenly dispersed around the guide hopper 305. At the same time, the heavy medium suspension is injected tangentially or at multiple points into the guide hopper 305 through the feed pipe 4, and the protective net 304 blocks possible backflow. Inside the guide hopper 305, the high-speed rotating mixing blades 302 forcefully and efficiently stir the dispersed raw coal and medium, so that it quickly forms a suspension with uniform density. The suspension is then sent into the cylindrical hydrocyclone 1 through the feed pipe 306.

[0039] Inside the cylindrical hydrocyclone 1, the suspension enters tangentially, generating a high-speed rotating centrifugal force field. Under the strong centrifugal force, the less dense clean coal particles concentrate in the central area of ​​the hydrocyclone and are discharged from the clean coal outlet 7 at the top with the rising liquid flow. The denser middlings and gangue particles are thrown against the wall and discharged from the discharge port at the bottom with the descending liquid flow. They then enter the cylindrical conical hydrocyclone 2 through the connecting mechanism 5 for the second stage of separation. Inside the cylindrical conical hydrocyclone 2, through a similar centrifugal separation principle, the middlings, with a density between clean coal and gangue, are discharged from the middlings outlet 8 at the top, while the densest gangue sinks to the bottom of the cone and is discharged from the gangue outlet 9 at the bottom, thus completing the entire three-product separation process.

[0040] When the equipment needs to be shut down for internal inspection or cleaning, maintenance personnel only need to remove several bolts 503 on the connecting mechanism 5 to remove the sealing cover 502, thereby exposing the maintenance and cleaning port 505. Through this maintenance and cleaning port 505, tools such as endoscopes can be directly inserted into the connecting pipe 501 and the hydrocyclone to observe the wear of the inner wall, enabling accurate fault diagnosis and component replacement prediction. At the same time, the nozzle of a high-pressure water gun can also be inserted for rapid rinsing to thoroughly remove internal material residues. After the maintenance work is completed, the sealing cover 502 is replaced, and the sealing strip 504 is tightened by tightening the bolts 503 to quickly restore the equipment to a sealed state and put it back into production. This solves the problem that large-scale disassembly is required for internal inspection and maintenance of equipment in the prior art.

Claims

1. A coal washing apparatus, comprising: A cylindrical hydrocyclone (1) with a clean coal outlet (7); A cylindrical conical hydrocyclone (2) is provided with a coal outlet (8) and a gangue outlet (9); Feeding mechanism (3), the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the cylindrical hydrocyclone (1); The connecting mechanism (5) connects the bottom discharge port of the cylindrical hydrocyclone (1) with the top inlet of the cylindrical conical hydrocyclone (2), characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (3) includes a guide hopper (305), a guide cone (301) disposed on the upper part of the guide hopper (305), a mixing blade (302) disposed below the guide cone (301), and a feeding pipe (306) communicating with the bottom of the guide hopper (305); The connecting mechanism (5) includes a connecting pipe (501), and a maintenance and cleaning port (505) is provided on the pipe wall of the connecting pipe (501). The connecting mechanism (5) also includes a sealing cap (502) that is detachably fixed by bolts (503) and used to seal the maintenance and cleaning port (505).

2. The coal washing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (3) also includes a support rod (303), which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide hopper (305) and is used to support the mixing blade (302).

3. The coal washing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The coal washing device also includes a feed pipe (4), the outlet end of which is connected to the feed hopper (305) for supplying a medium into the feed hopper (305).

4. The coal washing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (3) also includes a protective net (304), which is disposed inside the feed hopper (305) and covers the outlet end of the feed pipe (4) to prevent raw material backflow.

5. The coal washing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism (5) further includes a sealing strip (504), which is disposed between the edge of the sealing cover (502) and the inspection and cleaning port (505) and achieves sealing through the fastening action of the bolt (503).

6. The coal washing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism (5) further includes a connector tube (506), and the sealing cap (502) is engaged with the connector tube (506).

7. The coal washing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coal washing device also includes a support frame (6), and the cylindrical hydrocyclone (1) and the cylindrical conical hydrocyclone (2) are both fixedly installed on the support frame (6).

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