A wet electrostatic precipitator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of wet electrostatic precipitator, including dust removal tower and water supply system, the dust removal tower is inside and is fixed with multiple dust collecting pipes by pipe plate, the upper end of each dust collecting pipe is provided with a static cyclone spray ring. The utility model, by its unique static cyclone spray design, under the premise of without complex rotating parts, make flush water form uniform, stable spiral descending water film on the inner wall of dust collecting pipe, thereby effectively eliminating the flush dead angle and local dry area existing in traditional fixed spray, while significantly improving ash removal uniformity and reliability, reduce the water consumption and energy consumption caused by excessive spray.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of dust removal technology, and in particular to a wet electrostatic dust removal device. Background Technology

[0002] Wet electrostatic precipitators, as key equipment in air pollution control, have long played a vital role in purifying high-humidity and highly corrosive flue gas. After years of development, the core structure of this technology is relatively mature and it has been widely applied in particleboard production. In particular, various technical routes have been developed in terms of dust collection electrode form and cleaning methods, from the early flat plate type to the currently mainstream tubular structure, significantly improving the dust removal efficiency and reliability of the equipment. However, with increasingly stringent national emission standards and rising demands from enterprises for operational cost control, more stringent technical requirements have been placed on wet electrostatic precipitators in terms of long-term stable operation, energy consumption control, and efficient dust removal without dead zones.

[0003] In existing technologies, wet electrostatic precipitators mostly employ fixed spray systems to rinse the inner wall of the dust collection pipe to form a water film. However, this conventional design has gradually revealed some inherent drawbacks in actual operation. First, the fixed spray angle makes it difficult to ensure uniform 360-degree coverage of the water flow on the inner wall of the dust collection pipe, easily creating localized dry zones or trickling water flow. This leads to dust accumulation and scaling in these areas, affecting dust removal efficiency and potentially causing equipment corrosion and permanent damage. Second, to compensate for uneven coverage, it is usually necessary to increase the spray water volume or pressure, directly increasing water and energy consumption, and also increasing the load on downstream wastewater treatment systems. Furthermore, traditional spray systems lack an effective pressure equalization mechanism. In the case of multiple dust collection pipes connected in parallel, the water film formation effect varies significantly between pipes, affecting the overall performance consistency of the equipment.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of the existing wet electrostatic precipitators in terms of spray uniformity and reliability, it is necessary to carry out in-depth improvement and optimization of the structure of their key components in order to develop a spraying scheme that can form a stable and uniform spiral water film with lower energy consumption, thereby fundamentally solving the problems of water film dead zones and high operating costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a wet electrostatic dust removal device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a wet electrostatic precipitator, comprising a dust collection tower and a water supply system, wherein multiple dust collection pipes are fixedly installed inside the dust collection tower via a tube sheet, and each dust collection pipe has a static swirling spray ring at its upper end, the spray ring comprising:

[0007] A ring seat, which is detachably fixed to the upper port of the dust collection pipe;

[0008] A ring cover, which is detachably connected to the ring seat, and together with the ring seat, forms a water storage cavity;

[0009] A water inlet is provided on the ring cover and connected to the water supply system via a pipe;

[0010] Multiple water spray holes are provided on the inner lower wall of the ring seat and communicate with the water storage cavity;

[0011] The plurality of water spray holes are evenly distributed in a circle along the axis of the ring seat, and the axis of each water spray hole has a downward pitch angle α and a tangential deflection angle β relative to the axis of the ring seat.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] The pitch angle α ranges from 15° to 25°.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The deflection angle β ranges from 25° to 45°.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] The water storage cavity is equipped with a water distribution net; the water distribution net consists of two layers, and the mesh density of the two layers of the water distribution net increases sequentially from top to bottom.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] A sealing element is provided between the ring seat and the upper port of the dust collection pipe, and between the ring seat and the ring cover.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] The ring seat is threaded to the upper port of the dust collection pipe, and the ring seat is threaded to the ring cover.

[0022] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0023] The outer circumferential wall of the ring cover is provided with a knurled layer to increase friction.

[0024] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0025] The dust removal tower consists of a slurry collection section, an electrostatic purification section, and a flue gas discharge section arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The slurry collection section has an air inlet on its side wall and a drain outlet on its front wall near the lower wall. Multiple sets of dust collection pipes are installed inside the electrostatic purification section.

[0026] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] Compared with existing technologies, this wet electrostatic precipitator, through its unique static swirling spray design, enables the rinsing water to form a uniform and stable spiral downward water film on the inner wall of the dust collection pipe without the need for complex rotating parts. This effectively eliminates the rinsing dead corners and local dry areas present in traditional fixed spraying, significantly improving the uniformity and reliability of dust removal while reducing water and energy consumption caused by excessive spraying. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a wet electrostatic dust removal device proposed in this utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the electrostatic purification section of a wet electrostatic dust removal device proposed in this utility model.

[0030] Figure 3 This utility model proposes a wet electrostatic precipitator. Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the integrated tube and ring seat connection structure of a wet electrostatic dust removal device proposed in this utility model.

[0032] Figure 5 This utility model proposes a wet electrostatic precipitator. Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0033] Legend:

[0034] 1. Slurry collection section; 2. Electrostatic purification section; 3. Discharge electrode suspension section; 4. Ladder; 5. Flue gas discharge section; 6. Air inlet; 7. Liquid outlet; 8. Dust collection pipe; 9. Ring seat; 10. Ring cover; 1001. Knurled layer; 11. Water inlet hole; 12. Sealing element; 13. Water storage chamber; 14. Water distribution network; 15. Water spray hole. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 5 The present invention provides a wet electrostatic precipitator, comprising a dust removal tower and a water supply system;

[0037] To achieve efficient purification of dust-laden gas, this wet electrostatic precipitator includes a dust collection tower and a water supply system. The dust collection tower consists of a slurry collection section 1, an electrostatic purification section 2, and a flue gas discharge section 5, arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The slurry collection section 1 has an inlet 6 on its side wall for receiving the polluted flue gas to be treated; a drain 7 is located on the front wall of the slurry collection section 1, near the lower wall, for discharging the collected wastewater and slurry. Multiple sets of dust collection pipes 8 are installed inside the electrostatic purification section 2 and fixed by a tube sheet. Through this structure, flue gas enters through the inlet 6, flows upward through the electrostatic purification section 2 for purification, and the clean gas is finally discharged from the flue gas discharge section 5. The removed pollutants fall with the flushing liquid to the slurry collection section 1 for centralized discharge, achieving effective separation of gas, liquid, and pollutants.

[0038] To address the issue of uneven water film caused by dead zones in traditional fixed spray systems, a static swirling spray ring is installed at the upper end of each dust collection pipe 8. The core components of this spray ring include a ring seat 9, which is detachably fixed to the upper end of the dust collection pipe 8 via a threaded connection; and a ring cover 10, also detachably connected to the ring seat 9 via a threaded connection, which together form a water storage chamber 13. The outer circumferential wall of the ring cover 10 is provided with a knurled layer 1001 to increase friction. This structure allows operators to easily tighten or loosen the ring cover 10 by hand using the knurled layer 1001, making the assembly, maintenance, and cleaning of the entire spray ring extremely convenient.

[0039] To ensure a stable water supply to the spray ring and prevent leakage, a water inlet 11 is provided on the ring cover 10, which is connected to an external water supply system via a pipe. Sealing elements 12 are provided between the ring seat 9 and the upper port of the dust collection pipe 8, and between the ring seat 9 and the ring cover 10. When the water supply system injects water into the water storage chamber 13 through the water inlet 11, the sealing elements 12 effectively prevent pressurized water from leaking from the joints of the components, ensuring that all water flow is directed to the preset spray channels, thereby guaranteeing the system's sealing reliability.

[0040] To ensure uniform flushing water pressure and flow rate to each dust collection pipe 8, a water distribution mesh 14 is installed inside the water storage chamber 13. The water distribution mesh 14 consists of two layers, with the mesh density increasing sequentially from top to bottom. Through this structure, when water enters the water storage chamber 13, it passes through these two layers of water distribution mesh 14 with different densities. This design effectively breaks up large water flows, balances local pressure, and intercepts any small impurities that may be present in the water, thereby providing a stable and uniformly distributed water source for the downstream spray nozzles 15.

[0041] To fundamentally eliminate the dead zones in the rinsing of the dust collection pipe's inner wall and form a uniform water film, multiple water spray holes 15 communicating with the water storage chamber 13 are provided on the inner lower wall of the ring seat 9. These multiple water spray holes 15 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the axis of the ring seat 9, and each water spray hole 15 has a downward pitch angle α (ranging from 15° to 25°) and a tangential deflection angle β (ranging from 25° to 45°) relative to the axis of the ring seat 9. When pressurized water is sprayed from the water spray holes 15, the pitch angle α imparts a downward velocity component to the water flow, while the deflection angle β imparts a strong tangential velocity component. Through this structure, the two velocities combine into a powerful water flow that spirals downwards along the inner wall of the dust collection pipe 8. This spiral water flow achieves a 360° dynamic scan and coverage of the inner wall of the dust collection pipe 8 without dead zones, ultimately forming an extremely uniform, continuous, and stable descending water film that efficiently carries away the captured dust particles.

[0042] Working principle: The wet electrostatic precipitator provided by this utility model works based on the synergistic effect of high-voltage electrostatic collection and dynamic water film cleaning. The specific process is as follows:

[0043] 1. Flue gas purification process

[0044] The polluted flue gas first enters the dust removal tower through the inlet 6 located on the side wall of the slurry collection section 1. The flue gas then rises into the electrostatic purification section 2. In this section, a strong electrostatic field is established between the discharge electrode (not shown) and multiple dust collection pipes 8 by a high-voltage power supply. The dust-laden gas and droplets flowing through this electric field are ionized and charged under the influence of the electric field force. Driven by Coulomb force, the charged dust and droplets tend towards the inner wall of the dust collection pipes 8 and are captured, thus achieving the separation of aerosol particles from the gas. The purified clean gas continues to rise and is finally discharged from the flue gas discharge section 5.

[0045] 2. Water film formation and continuous dust removal process

[0046] This is the core innovation of this case. The water supply system is connected to the inlet hole 11 on the ring cover 10 via a pipe, continuously injecting pressurized water into the water storage cavity 13 formed by the ring seat 9 and the ring cover 10. The two layers of water equalization mesh 14 with increasing mesh density inside the water storage cavity 13 are responsible for equalizing the incoming water, stabilizing the pressure, and filtering out impurities. The pressure-equalized water flows into multiple spray holes 15 on the lower inner wall of the ring seat 9.

[0047] The key is that each water jet 15 has a downward pitch angle α (15°-25°) and a tangential deflection angle β (25°-45°) relative to the axis of the ring seat 9. This unique design allows the water jet to simultaneously achieve downward velocity and tangential rotational speed. Multiple water jets are evenly distributed along the circumference of the ring seat 9 axis, and together they form a strong, continuous, and uniform spiral downward water film on the inner wall of the dust collection pipe 8.

[0048] 3. Pollutant Removal and Collection Process

[0049] As the spiral water film flows through the inner wall of the dust collection pipe 8, it performs two key functions: first, as a conductive medium, it works with the grounded dust collection pipe 8 to maintain the stability of the electric field; second, as a cleaning medium, it instantly and continuously washes away the dust and droplets captured on the pipe wall by the electrostatic field. The wastewater carrying pollutants spirals down the pipe wall and eventually flows into the bottom of the slurry collection section 1, and is then discharged from the system through the drain port 7 located on its front wall, entering the subsequent wastewater treatment unit.

[0050] By tightly coupling and simultaneously performing the two processes of "electrostatic collection" and "spiral water film cleaning", the device achieves continuous and thorough cleaning of the dust collection electrode, ensuring long-term stability of dust removal efficiency and effectively preventing scaling and secondary dust generation problems caused by uneven cleaning in traditional technologies.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A wet electrostatic precipitator, characterized in that: The system includes a dust collection tower and a water supply system. The dust collection tower has multiple dust collection pipes (8) fixed inside via a tube sheet. Each dust collection pipe (8) has a static swirling spray ring at its upper end. The spray ring includes: Ring seat (9), which is detachably fixed to the upper port of the dust collection pipe (8); The ring cover (10) is detachably connected to the ring seat (9) and together with the ring seat (9) forms a water storage cavity (13). A water inlet (11) is provided on the ring cover (10) and connected to the water supply system through a pipe; Multiple water spray holes (15) are provided on the inner lower wall of the ring seat (9) and communicate with the water storage cavity (13); The plurality of water spray holes (15) are evenly distributed in a circle along the axis of the ring seat (9), and the axis of each water spray hole (15) has a downward pitch angle α and a tangential deflection angle β relative to the axis of the ring seat (9).

2. The wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch angle α ranges from 15° to 25°.

3. The wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deflection angle β ranges from 25° to 45°.

4. The wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage cavity (13) is provided with a water distribution net (14); the water distribution net (14) has two layers, and the mesh density of the two layers of water distribution net (14) increases from top to bottom.

5. The wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing element (12) is provided between the ring seat (9) and the upper port of the dust collection pipe (8), and between the ring seat (9) and the ring cover (10).

6. The wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ring seat (9) is threaded to the upper port of the dust collection pipe (8), and the ring seat (9) is threaded to the ring cover (10).

7. The wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumferential wall of the ring cover (10) is provided with a knurled layer (1001) for increasing friction.

8. A wet electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal tower consists of a slurry collection section (1), an electrostatic purification section (2), and a flue gas discharge section (5) arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The slurry collection section (1) has an air inlet (6) on its side wall and a drain outlet (7) on its front wall near the lower wall. Multiple sets of dust collection pipes (8) are arranged inside the electrostatic purification section (2).

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