A puncher for hardware machining

Abstract

The utility model relates to a puncher for hardware machining, including puncher body, be provided with mounting seat on puncher body, be provided with fixed distance mechanism on puncher body, fixed distance mechanism is used for when punching multiple equidistance holes, the distance between each hole is determined, fixed distance mechanism includes: mounting panel, fixedly set up at mounting seat front end, T-shaped board, set up at mounting panel front end, rotating seat, set up at T-shaped board front end, and rotating seat with puncher body's punch point is matched, rotating block, rotationally set up on rotating seat, fixed distance head, fixedly set up at rotating block lower extreme, and rotating seat with puncher body's punch point is matched, mounting panel and T-shaped board are commonly provided with adjusting assembly, and adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the distance between mounting panel and T-shaped board, and then plays the role of adjusting fixed distance range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of punching machine technology, specifically relating to a punching machine for hardware processing. Background Technology

[0002] In the hardware processing industry, punching machines are commonly used equipment for machining holes in metal sheets, profiles, and other workpieces. They are widely used in the production and processing of small and medium-sized hardware parts such as door and window hardware, furniture accessories, and agricultural machinery components. Among them, small punching machines have become the mainstream choice for many small and medium-sized processing enterprises and individual workshops due to their advantages such as small size, small footprint, and low purchase cost. These machines usually do not require complex supporting facilities and mainly rely on operators to manually grab the workpiece and push the feed, making them suitable for small-batch, multi-specification hardware processing needs.

[0003] Currently, small punching machines have significant technical shortcomings when processing workpieces requiring multiple equidistant holes: existing equipment generally lacks a dedicated spacing mechanism, relying solely on operators to determine the spacing between adjacent holes by measuring with a ruler, marking lines, or judging the workpiece's feed distance based on experience. While large, high-end punching machines can achieve automatic spacing and precise feeding through integrated CNC systems and dedicated feeding tables, these machines are expensive and require corresponding CNC programming and equipment maintenance personnel. This not only exceeds the cost tolerance of small and medium-sized processing entities, but their complex operating procedures and large footprint also do not match the core requirements of "flexibility, convenience, and low cost" in small-scale processing scenarios, making it difficult to widely apply them in such settings.

[0004] The lack of a fixed-distance function in existing small punching machines has multiple negative impacts on actual processing: First, manual measurement and marking are extremely inefficient. Operators need to measure and calibrate before punching each hole, which greatly extends the processing cycle. This is especially true when batch processing workpieces with equidistant holes, where the low production efficiency is even more pronounced. Second, the accuracy of manual judgment is limited. Affected by factors such as operator experience, visual errors, and hand tremors, the spacing between adjacent holes is prone to deviation, resulting in substandard workpiece hole position accuracy. This makes it difficult to accurately match with other components during subsequent assembly, increasing the workpiece scrap rate. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a punching machine for hardware processing to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a punching machine for hardware processing, comprising a punching machine body, a mounting base provided on the punching machine body, and a distance fixing mechanism provided on the punching machine body. The distance fixing mechanism is used to determine the distance between each hole when punching multiple equidistant holes. The distance fixing mechanism includes: The mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the front end of the mounting base; A T-shaped plate is disposed at the front end of the mounting plate; A rotating seat is provided at the front end of the T-shaped plate, and the rotating seat is matched with the punching point of the punching machine body; A rotating block is rotatably mounted on the rotating seat; A fixed distance head is fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating block, and the fixed distance head is matched with the punching point of the punching machine body; The mounting plate and the T-shaped plate are both provided with an adjustment component, which is used to adjust the distance between the mounting plate and the T-shaped plate, thereby adjusting the fixed distance range.

[0007] Optionally, the adjustment component includes: Two adjustment slots are formed through the left and right sides of the mounting plate; Two adjusting columns are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the T-shaped plate, and the adjusting columns are slidably matched with the adjusting groove; An adjusting rack is located on the outer side of one of the adjusting columns; An adjusting gear is rotatably disposed in one of the adjusting slots, and the adjusting gear meshes with the adjusting rack; Optionally, the upper end of the adjustment column is provided with scale lines.

[0008] Optionally, an adjustment knob is fixedly installed after the shaft of the adjusting gear rotates through to the outside of the mounting plate.

[0009] Optionally, another adjusting column is provided with a locking groove, and the mounting plate is threaded with a locking bolt that matches the locking groove. The end of the locking bolt is rotatably mounted with a locking plate that matches the locking groove.

[0010] Optionally, the side of the distance measuring head facing the mounting base is inclined.

[0011] Optionally, the upper side of the rotating block at the connection with the rotating seat is an arc surface, and the lower side is in contact with the rotating seat.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: By setting the fixed-distance mechanism, the fixed-distance head is precisely matched with the punching point in advance. After the first hole is punched, it can enter the hole and abut. When the workpiece is fed, it drives the fixed-distance head to rotate flexibly with the rotating block. After it reaches the position, it quickly resets and re-enters the hole. At the same time, the lower side of the rotating block fits against the rotating seat to limit the rotation range (only 180°) to avoid excessive rotation. The inclined surface of the fixed-distance head can also help the workpiece to feed smoothly, ultimately achieving precise equidistant punching and ensuring processing accuracy and feed stability.

[0013] By setting the adjustment component, the adjustment groove and the adjustment column form a directional sliding pair. With the precise meshing and transmission of the adjustment gear and the adjustment rack, the movement distance of the T-shaped plate and the front end component can be accurately controlled. The adjustment knob reduces the operating force, and the scale line enables visual reading of the adjustment amount. This ensures accurate adjustment within the fixed distance range, improves operational convenience, adapts to the processing requirements of equidistant holes with different spacings, and at the same time, the transmission is smooth to avoid component shaking affecting accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0014] This utility model can be further illustrated by the non-limiting embodiments given in the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a punching machine for hardware processing according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distance fixing mechanism in a punching machine for hardware processing according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the distance-fixing mechanism in a punching machine for hardware processing according to the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the distance-fixing mechanism in a punching machine for hardware processing according to the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0016] The symbols for the main components are explained below: Punching machine body 1, mounting base 11, distance fixing mechanism 2, mounting plate 21, T-shaped plate 22, rotating base 23, rotating block 24, distance fixing head 25, adjusting assembly 3, adjusting groove 31, adjusting column 32, adjusting rack 33, adjusting gear 34, scale line 35, adjusting knob 36, locking groove 41, locking bolt 42, locking plate 43. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this utility model, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a punching machine for hardware processing includes a punching machine body 1, a mounting base 11 on the punching machine body 1, and a distance fixing mechanism 2 on the punching machine body 1. The distance fixing mechanism 2 is used to determine the distance between each hole when punching multiple equidistant holes. The distance fixing mechanism 2 includes: Mounting plate 21 is fixedly mounted on the front end of mounting base 11; T-shaped plate 22 is set at the front end of mounting plate 21; The rotating seat 23 is located at the front end of the T-shaped plate 22, and the rotating seat 23 is matched with the punching point of the punching machine body 1; Rotating block 24 is rotatably mounted on rotating seat 23; The distance measuring head 25 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating block 24, and the distance measuring head 25 is matched with the punching point of the punching machine body 1. The mounting plate 21 and the T-shaped plate 22 are both provided with an adjustment component 3. The adjustment component 3 is used to adjust the distance between the mounting plate 21 and the T-shaped plate 22, thereby adjusting the fixed distance range.

[0019] The punching machine body 1 serves as the core framework and power carrier of the entire punching machine, integrating key components such as the power system and punching mold required for punching, and is the installation basis for all auxiliary mechanisms.

[0020] Mounting base 11 is used to place the workpiece to be processed. It serves as both a punching mold, which works with the punching machine body 1 to complete the punching, and a reference carrier, connecting the punching machine body 1 and the distance fixing mechanism 2 to ensure that the distance fixing mechanism 2 is accurately aligned with the punching point.

[0021] Mounting plate 21 serves as the "intermediate connecting carrier" of the distance fixing mechanism 2. One end is fixed to the mounting base 11, and the other end is connected to the T-shaped plate 22 via the adjusting assembly 3. It also provides installation space for the adjusting assembly 3 (such as the adjusting groove 31 and the adjusting gear 34). The rigid structure ensures that it does not deform, and it transmits the fixing reference of the mounting base 11 to the T-shaped plate 22. At the same time, the adjusting groove 31 constrains the movement direction of the adjusting column 32, ensuring that subsequent adjustment actions are performed along the "punching feed direction" and avoiding lateral offset that would affect the distance fixing accuracy.

[0022] The T-shaped plate 22 serves as a "transition adjustment component" for the distance-fixing mechanism, connecting the mounting plate 21 and the rotating seat 23. It transmits the adjustment amount of the adjustment component 3 (i.e., drives the rotating seat 23 to move back and forth), providing a stable installation position for the rotating seat 23. Through the sliding engagement of the adjustment columns 32 on the left and right sides with the adjustment grooves 31 of the mounting plate 21, when the adjustment component 3 drives the adjustment columns 32 to slide, the T-shaped plate 22 can move along the direction of the adjustment groove (back and forth), thereby driving the rotating seat 23, rotating block 24, and distance-fixing head 25 at the front end to move synchronously, ultimately changing the relative position of the distance-fixing head 25 and the punching point of the body 1, thus realizing "distance-fixing range adjustment".

[0023] The rotating seat 23 serves as a "rotation support" for the rotating block 24, while also ensuring that the position of the distance fixing mechanism matches the punching point of the body 1, providing a positioning reference for the distance fixing head 25. Its installation position is pre-calibrated with the punching point of the body 1 ("matching the punching point"), and it provides a rotation axis for the rotating block 24 through its own groove or shaft hole structure (not explicitly stated in the article but a conventional design for rotational connections), ensuring that the rotation center of the rotating block 24 maintains a fixed relative position with the punching point.

[0024] The rotating block 24 is the "dynamic support component" of the spacer head 25. By rotating around the rotating base 23, it drives the spacer head 25 to adapt to the workpiece's feeding action (such as rotating when the workpiece lifts the spacer head, and resetting after the workpiece is in position), thus preventing workpiece jamming. A "rotational connection" structure is adopted (such as connecting to the rotating base 23 via a pin, not explicitly stated in the article but a common design). It can rotate flexibly around the rotating base 23, realizing a cycle of "external force driving rotation - external force disappearing and resetting," ensuring that the spacer head 25 does not obstruct movement during workpiece feeding and can immediately return to the positioning reference position after the workpiece is in position.

[0025] The spacer head 25 is the "direct positioning component" for equidistant punching. By contacting the workpiece (or the already punched hole), it determines the distance between two adjacent holes and is the final execution component of the spacer function. Its position is pre-matched with the punching point of the body 1 ("matching the punching point"). After the first hole is punched, the spacer head 25 will be locked into the first hole (or pressed against the edge of the workpiece). When the workpiece moves along the feed direction, it will drive the spacer head 25 (and the rotating block 24) to rotate until the workpiece moves to the "set position of the next hole". At this time, the torsion spring 26 drives the spacer head 25 to reset and re-lock the workpiece or hole position, providing a precise reference for punching the second hole. This cycle is repeated to achieve equidistant punching.

[0026] Furthermore, the adjustment component 3 includes: Two adjustment slots 31 are formed through the left and right sides of the mounting plate 21; Two adjusting columns 32 are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the T-shaped plate 22, and the adjusting columns 32 are slidably matched with the adjusting grooves 31; The adjusting rack 33 is located on the outer side of one of the adjusting columns 32; The adjusting gear 34 is rotatably disposed in one of the adjusting slots 31, and the adjusting gear 34 meshes with the adjusting rack 33; The adjusting groove 31 serves as the "movement track" for the adjusting column 32, restricting its direction of movement and ensuring that the T-shaped plate 22 moves only along the "punching feed direction" (back and forth). The groove structure precisely matches the shape of the adjusting column 32 (such as cylindrical or square) to form a "sliding pair," preventing lateral displacement of the adjusting column 32 during movement. Simultaneously, the "through-type" design facilitates the installation and sliding of the adjusting column 32, ensuring smooth adjustment.

[0027] The adjusting column 32 is a "transmission component" connecting the T-shaped plate 22 and the mounting plate 21, converting the linear motion of the adjusting rack 33 into the movement of the T-shaped plate 22 and transmitting the adjustment amount. It slides in engagement with the adjusting groove 31, with one end fixed to the T-shaped plate 22 and the other end (the side with the adjusting rack 33) meshing with the adjusting gear 34. When the adjusting gear 34 rotates, it drives the adjusting rack 33 (and the adjusting column 32) to slide along the adjusting groove 31, thereby pulling the T-shaped plate 22 to move, realizing the "adjustment of the distance between the mounting plate and the T-shaped plate".

[0028] The adjusting rack 33 acts as a "motion conversion intermediary," converting the rotational motion of the adjusting gear 34 into the linear motion of the adjusting column 32. Based on the principle of "gear and rack meshing transmission," the tooth pitch of the rack is precisely matched with the tooth pitch of the adjusting gear 34. When the adjusting gear 34 rotates, the gear teeth push the rack teeth to move in a straight line, thereby causing the adjusting column 32 to slide synchronously, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the adjustment action.

[0029] The adjusting gear 34 is the "power input component" of the adjusting assembly. It drives the adjusting rack 33 to move by rotating and is the "control core" of the adjusting action. It can rotate around its own axis by rotating its connection with the mounting plate 21. By rotating the gear, the gear meshes with the rack, converting the rotational motion into the linear motion of the rack, and finally controlling the sliding distance of the adjusting column 32 to achieve precise adjustment within a fixed distance range.

[0030] Furthermore, a scale line 35 is provided on the upper end of the adjusting column 32.

[0031] The scale line 35 is used as a "visual adjustment reference," intuitively displaying the sliding distance of the adjustment column 32 and helping operators to accurately control the distance range. The scale (e.g., each division represents 0.1mm or 0.5mm) is marked on the adjustment column 32 using laser engraving, etching, or other methods, with the zero point of the scale aligned with the "initial distance position." Operators can directly read the adjustment amount by observing the alignment of the scale line 35 with the edge of the mounting plate 21 (e.g., a 5mm sliding of the adjustment column changes the distance range by 5mm), improving accuracy.

[0032] Furthermore, an adjustment knob 36 is fixedly installed after the rotating shaft of the adjusting gear 34 passes through to the outside of the mounting plate 21.

[0033] The adjustment knob 36 is a "labor-saving operating component," providing operators with a convenient manual drive interface and reducing the difficulty of driving the adjustment gear 34. The diameter of the knob is larger than the diameter of the shaft of the adjustment gear 34. According to the "lever principle," increasing the contact area with the hand reduces the force required for driving, allowing operators to turn the adjustment gear more easily. At the same time, the surface of the knob can be designed with anti-slip texture to prevent hand slippage and improve operational stability.

[0034] Furthermore, another adjusting column 32 is provided with a locking groove 41, and the mounting plate 21 is threaded with a locking bolt 42 that matches the locking groove 41. The end of the locking bolt 42 is rotatably mounted with a locking plate 43 that matches the locking groove 41.

[0035] The locking groove 41 serves as the "positioning base" for the locking adjusting post 32, providing an embedding space for the locking plate 43. By matching the shape of the locking plate 43, it restricts the sliding of the adjusting post 32 along the adjusting groove 31. A groove is formed on another adjusting post 32 (symmetrically distributed with the adjusting post 32 with the rack) that does not have an adjusting rack 33, and its groove shape matches the shape of the locking plate 43.

[0036] The locking bolt 42 is the "power transmission component" for locking. Through threaded engagement, it provides axial driving force, causing the locking plate 43 to move closer to or away from the locking groove 41, thus switching between locking and unlocking while ensuring the stability of the locked state. In addition, the "rotatable connection" design between the bolt end and the locking plate 43 prevents the locking plate 43 from rotating when the bolt is tightened, ensuring that the locking plate is always correctly aligned with the locking groove 41.

[0037] The locking plate 43 acts as a "direct locking actuator," which, through its tight fit with the locking groove 41, converts the axial force of the locking bolt into a limiting force on the adjusting column 32, achieving stable locking of the adjusting column and preventing displacement of the distance-setting mechanism during use, thus affecting the accuracy of the distance setting. Its shape matches the locking groove 41, ensuring maximum contact area with the groove wall after embedding. This allows the axial pressure of the locking bolt to be evenly transmitted to the groove wall of the locking groove 41. The contact surface of the locking plate 43 is made of rubber, preventing direct metal-to-metal contact that could scratch the surface of the adjusting column 32. It also increases friction, making locking more stable. Even if there is a slight tilt between the adjusting column 32 and the locking plate 43, the locking plate 43 can adaptively adjust its posture to ensure a tight fit with the locking groove 41, preventing locking failure due to posture deviation.

[0038] Furthermore, the side of the distance measuring head 25 facing the mounting base 11 is inclined.

[0039] This design utilizes an inclined plane to decompose the horizontal feed force of the workpiece into an upward component along the inclined plane and a component perpendicular to the inclined plane. The upward component along the inclined plane easily pushes the spacer head 25 upward (causing the rotating block 24 to rotate around the rotating seat 23), causing the spacer head 25 to move away from the workpiece hole. When the workpiece moves to the positioning position of the next hole, the inclined plane is no longer supported by the workpiece, the spacer head 25 resets, and the non-inclined end (right-angle end) of the spacer head clamps the workpiece or the already punched hole, achieving precise positioning. Furthermore, the upper side of the rotating block 24 at the connection with the rotating seat 23 is arc-shaped, and the lower side is in contact with the rotating seat 23.

[0040] The upper arc surface ensures that the rotating block can be lifted and rotated normally, avoiding jamming; the lower contact surface limits the rotation range of the rotating block (it can only be 180° with the rotating seat) to prevent excessive rotation during reset, while ensuring stable initial positioning and ensuring the accuracy of the distance measuring head and the reset effect.

[0041] In one optional embodiment, a torsion spring is provided between the rotating block 24 and the rotating seat 23 to ensure that the rotating block 24 can stably return to the initial positioning position after rotation, thus ensuring that the distance reference is consistent each time.

[0042] How to use this embodiment: Before processing, first adjust the adjustment component 3 according to the preset spacing of the equidistant holes to be processed—rotate the adjustment knob 36 on the outside of the mounting plate 21 to drive the adjustment gear 34 to rotate. Through the meshing transmission of the gear and the adjustment rack 33, the adjustment column 32 slides along the adjustment groove 31 (front and back direction). Observe the scale line 35 at the upper end of the adjustment column 32 and read the sliding distance until the relative position of the fixed distance head 25 and the punching point of the punching machine body 1 matches the preset spacing. Stop the adjustment and complete the fixed distance range setting.

[0043] Start processing: Place the workpiece to be processed stably on the mounting base 11 (punching die), determine the initial hole position according to the processing requirements and mark it; start the punching machine body 1, punch out the first initial hole at the marked position on the workpiece, and after completion, turn off the punching machine and reset the punch. After the initial hole is punched, push the workpiece to move along the feed direction. The workpiece drives the spacer head 25, causing the rotating block 24 to rotate around the rotating base 23. The inclined surface of the spacer head 25 is lifted upward by the force of the workpiece; when the initial hole of the workpiece moves to the position coinciding with the spacer head 25, the force of the workpiece on the spacer head 25 disappears, the rotating block 24 resets, and the spacer head 25 rotates into the hole position (at this time, the workpiece can be pushed in the opposite direction so that the front end of the spacer head 25 is in contact with the front end of the hole to further improve accuracy). At this time, start the punching machine to complete the punching of the second hole. Repeat the steps of "pushing the workpiece to feed - resetting and clamping the spacer head - starting the punching" to achieve continuous processing of multiple equidistant holes.

[0044] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A punching machine for hardware processing, comprising a punching machine body, wherein a mounting base is provided on the punching machine body, characterized in that: The punching machine body is provided with a distance fixing mechanism, which is used to determine the distance between each hole when punching multiple equidistant holes. The distance fixing mechanism includes: The mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the front end of the mounting base; A T-shaped plate is disposed at the front end of the mounting plate; A rotating seat is provided at the front end of the T-shaped plate, and the rotating seat is matched with the punching point of the punching machine body; A rotating block is rotatably mounted on the rotating seat; A fixed distance head is fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating block, and the rotating seat matches the punching point of the punching machine body; The mounting plate and the T-shaped plate are both provided with an adjustment component, which is used to adjust the distance between the mounting plate and the T-shaped plate, thereby adjusting the fixed distance range.

2. The punching machine for hardware processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment component includes: Two adjustment slots are formed through the left and right sides of the mounting plate; Two adjusting columns are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the T-shaped plate, and the adjusting columns are slidably matched with the adjusting groove; An adjusting rack is located on the outer side of one of the adjusting columns; An adjusting gear is rotatably disposed in one of the adjusting slots, and the adjusting gear meshes with the adjusting rack.

3. A punching machine for hardware processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the adjustment column is provided with scale lines.

4. A punching machine for hardware processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting gear's shaft rotates through to the outside of the mounting plate and is then fixedly fitted with an adjusting knob.

5. A punching machine for hardware processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: Another adjusting column is provided with a locking groove, and the mounting plate is threaded with a locking bolt that matches the locking groove. The end of the locking bolt is rotatably mounted with a locking plate that matches the locking groove.

6. A punching machine for hardware processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the distance measuring head facing the mounting base is inclined.

7. A punching machine for hardware processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper side of the rotating block at the connection with the rotating seat is arc-shaped, and the lower side is in contact with the rotating seat.

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