Automatic feeding and positioning mechanism of numerical control lathe

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of part machining, and the utility model discloses an automatic feeding positioning mechanism of numerical control lathe, including numerical control lathe body, the numerical control lathe body top fixed mounting has conveying mechanism, is used for the even conveying of processing shaft spare, control panel, is fixed in one side of numerical control lathe body, positioning guide mechanism, installs on numerical control lathe body, is used for adjusting the spacing guide of conveying mechanism both sides, U -shaped frame, fixed mounting is in conveying mechanism end both sides frame, and this mechanism has realized the process automation of feeding, positioning and clamping, has completely replaced manual operation, through accurate control, has guaranteed the positioning accuracy of workpiece axial and radial, has guaranteed the consistency and pass rate of batch processing product size fundamentally. Full -automatic operation improves production efficiency greatly, satisfies large -scale batch production demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of parts processing technology, specifically to an automatic feeding and positioning mechanism for a CNC lathe. Background Technology

[0002] CNC lathes, as high-precision and high-efficiency machining equipment, play a vital role in modern mechanical manufacturing. For the mass production of rotating parts with large length-to-diameter ratios, such as shafts, pins, and rods, achieving continuous and efficient automated machining is key to reducing production costs and enhancing enterprise competitiveness. In this type of machining, the blank to be machined needs to be precisely fed into the machine tool spindle and positioned, then clamped by a chuck for turning operations. After one cycle, the machined part needs to be removed and a new blank fed in.

[0003] Currently, in the production practices of most small and medium-sized enterprises and even some large enterprises, the loading, feeding, and positioning of the aforementioned shaft parts in batch processing still heavily rely on manual operation. The specific operation process is as follows: the operator manually takes the material from the rack or the previous process, inserts one end of the workpiece blank into the spring collet or chuck of the machine tool spindle, manually determines its axial positioning position based on experience, then starts the chuck to clamp the workpiece, after processing is completed, the machine tool pauses, the operator manually opens the chuck again, takes out the processed part, and repeats the above steps for the next loading. The speed of manual loading, positioning, and unloading is limited and cannot meet the ultimate pursuit of efficiency in large-scale batch production.

[0004] Moreover, for bar pieces of different lengths, the positioning and clamping rely entirely on the operator's measurement, making it difficult to guarantee that the axial positioning accuracy is completely consistent for each loading. This positioning error will cause fluctuations in the axial dimensions of different workpieces, directly affecting the dimensional consistency and machining accuracy of batch products and reducing machining efficiency. Therefore, we propose an automatic feeding and positioning mechanism for CNC lathes to solve the above-mentioned problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an automatic feeding and positioning mechanism for CNC lathes, which solves the problems of low efficiency in manual feeding and positioning, and unstable positioning accuracy due to reliance on experience-based measurement in current production, which seriously affects the efficiency and product consistency of mass production and results in low processing efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: an automatic feeding and positioning mechanism for a CNC lathe, comprising a CNC lathe body, wherein a conveying mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the CNC lathe body for uniformly conveying the shaft to be processed;

[0007] The control panel is fixed to one side of the CNC lathe body;

[0008] A positioning and guiding mechanism is installed on the CNC lathe body and is used to adjust and limit the guidance on both sides of the conveying mechanism;

[0009] A U-shaped frame is fixedly installed on the two side frames at the end of the conveying mechanism, and a laser motion sensor is fixedly installed at the center of the inner side wall of the top of the U-shaped frame;

[0010] The feeding mechanism is installed at the U-shaped frame position of the CNC lathe body and is used to clamp the shaft to be processed in the pneumatic chuck of the CNC lathe body;

[0011] The laser rangefinder is fixedly installed at the pneumatic chuck position on the CNC lathe body, and is at the same horizontal plane as the center of the pneumatic chuck.

[0012] Preferably, the positioning and guiding mechanism includes side plates disposed on both sides above the conveying mechanism. A bent plate is fixedly installed on the side of the two sets of side plates that are far apart from each other. A protrusion is fixedly installed on one end of the bent plate. A groove adapted to the protrusion is opened on the CNC lathe body, and a fixed block arranged symmetrically is fixed in the groove. A bidirectional lead screw is rotatably installed between the two sets of fixed blocks through a bearing. One end of the bidirectional lead screw extends through to the outside of one set of fixed blocks. The two sets of protrusions are respectively threadedly connected to the opposite threads of the bidirectional lead screw through threaded holes.

[0013] Preferably, a rectangular groove is provided on the side of the two sets of side plates that are close to each other, and rollers are arranged at equal intervals in the rectangular groove. The rollers are rotatably connected to the side plates through a rotating shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a third electric push rod fixed on both sides of the CNC lathe body. The output end of the third electric push rod is fixedly mounted with a bracket plate. The top of the bracket plate is fixedly mounted with a first electric push rod. The output end of the first electric push rod is fixedly mounted with a mounting base. A second electric push rod is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting base. The output end of the second electric push rod is fixedly mounted with a rotary motor. The output end of the rotary motor is fixedly mounted with a V-shaped clamping plate.

[0015] Preferably, the center lines of the two sets of V-shaped chucks are on the same horizontal plane as the center of the pneumatic chuck of the CNC lathe body.

[0016] Preferably, the support plate is slidably connected to the CNC lathe body via a slide rail, and the mounting base is slidably connected to the support plate via a slide rail.

[0017] Beneficial effects

[0018] This utility model provides an automatic feeding and positioning mechanism for a CNC lathe. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0019] The automatic feeding and positioning mechanism of this CNC lathe automatically feeds, clamps, flips, and mounts materials through a conveyor mechanism, and automatically detects them using sensors. This achieves the entire feeding, positioning, and clamping process without manual intervention, completely replacing the tedious steps of traditional manual material handling, centering, and positioning based on experience. It frees operators from repetitive physical labor, allowing for rapid operation and significantly shortening the single feeding cycle. This meets the continuous high-efficiency requirements of large-scale batch production, resulting in a qualitative leap in overall processing efficiency. It also ensures consistent axial position for each clamping operation. This multi-stage precise control fundamentally guarantees the consistency of workpiece axial dimensions in batch processing, significantly improving product machining accuracy and pass rate. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a right view of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 1 Enlarged cross-sectional view of the structure at point A;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial sectional view of the entire utility model from the right side.

[0024] In the diagram: 101, CNC lathe body; 102, control panel; 103, U-shaped frame; 104, laser motion sensor; 105, laser rangefinder; 106, conveying mechanism; 2, positioning and guiding mechanism; 201, side plate; 202, roller; 203, bending plate; 204, double-acting lead screw; 205, fixing block; 206, protrusion; 3, feeding mechanism; 301, first electric push rod; 302, bracket plate; 303, mounting base; 304, second electric push rod; 305, rotary motor; 306, V-shaped clamping plate; 307, third electric push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] like Figure 1-4 As shown:

[0027] An automatic feeding and positioning mechanism for a CNC lathe includes a CNC lathe body 101, and a conveying mechanism 106 is fixedly installed on the top of the CNC lathe body 101 for uniformly conveying the shaft to be processed.

[0028] The control panel 102 is fixed to one side of the CNC lathe body 101;

[0029] The positioning and guiding mechanism 2 is installed on the CNC lathe body 101 and is used to adjust and limit the guidance of both sides of the conveying mechanism 106. The positioning and guiding mechanism 2 includes side plates 201 set on both sides above the conveying mechanism 106. A bent plate 203 is fixedly installed on the side of the two sets of side plates 201 that are far apart from each other. A protrusion 206 is fixedly installed on one end of the bent plate 203. A groove adapted to the protrusion 206 is opened on the CNC lathe body 101, and a fixed block 205 arranged symmetrically is fixed in the groove. A double-acting screw 204 is rotatably installed between the two sets of fixed blocks 205 through a bearing. One end of the double-acting screw 204 extends through to the outside of one set of fixed blocks 205. The two sets of protrusions 206 are respectively threaded to the opposite threads of the double-acting screw 204 through the threaded holes.

[0030] A rectangular groove is provided on one side of the two sets of side plates 201 that are close to each other, and rollers 202 are arranged at equal intervals in the rectangular groove. The rollers 202 are rotatably connected to the side plates 201 through a rotating shaft.

[0031] The U-shaped frame 103 is fixedly installed on the two side frames at the end of the conveying mechanism 106, and a laser motion sensor 104 is fixedly installed at the center of the inner side wall of the top of the U-shaped frame 103.

[0032] The feeding mechanism 3 is installed at the U-shaped frame 103 position of the CNC lathe body 101 and is used to clamp the shaft to be processed in the pneumatic chuck of the CNC lathe body 101. The feeding mechanism 3 includes a third electric push rod 307 fixed on both sides of the CNC lathe body 101. A bracket plate 302 is fixedly installed at the output end of the third electric push rod 307. A first electric push rod 301 is fixedly installed on the top of the bracket plate 302. A mounting seat 303 is fixedly installed at the output end of the first electric push rod 301. A second electric push rod 304 is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting seat 303. A rotary motor 305 is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric push rod 304. A V-shaped clamping plate 306 is fixedly installed at the output end of the rotary motor 305. The bracket plate 302 is slidably connected to the CNC lathe body 101 through a slide rail. The mounting seat 303 is slidably connected to the bracket plate 302 through a slide rail.

[0033] The center lines of the two sets of V-shaped chucks 306 are on the same horizontal plane as the center of the pneumatic chuck of the CNC lathe body 101;

[0034] The laser rangefinder 105 is fixedly installed at the pneumatic chuck position of the CNC lathe body 101 and is at the same horizontal plane as the center of the pneumatic chuck.

[0035] In this implementation scheme: The automatic feeding and positioning mechanism of this CNC lathe is operated by manually rotating the bidirectional lead screw 204 in the positioning guide mechanism 2. The bidirectional lead screw 204 rotates between two sets of fixed blocks 205 via bearings. Since the two sets of protrusions 206 are connected to opposite threads of the bidirectional lead screw 204 via threaded holes, and the protrusions 206 are fixed to the bent plate 203, which in turn is fixed to the side plate 201, the rotation of the bidirectional lead screw 204 causes the two sets of side plates 201 to move synchronously towards or away from each other along the grooves until the distance between the two sets of side plates 201 is perfectly matched to the diameter of the rod-shaped workpiece to be processed. At this point, the rotation of the bidirectional lead screw 204 is stopped, completing the guide distance adjustment. During this process, the roller 202 in the rectangular groove inside the side plate 201 is rotatably connected to the side plate 201 via a rotating shaft, remaining in a ready state to prepare for subsequent conveying and resistance reduction.

[0036] Start the conveying mechanism 106, which is fixed on the top of the CNC lathe body 101. Place the bar-shaped workpiece to be processed neatly on the conveying mechanism 106. The conveying mechanism 106 drives the bar-shaped workpiece to be conveyed at a constant speed towards the U-shaped frame 103 at the end.

[0037] During the conveying process, the side plates 201 on both sides play a limiting and guiding role for the rod-shaped parts to prevent them from deviating. At the same time, when the rod-shaped parts come into contact with the rollers 202, the rollers 202 rotate synchronously with the movement of the rod-shaped parts, converting sliding friction into rolling friction, which greatly reduces the conveying resistance, prevents the surface of the rod-shaped parts from being damaged by friction, and ensures stable conveying speed.

[0038] When the rod moves to the end with the conveying mechanism 106, one end of the rod gradually extends out of the conveying mechanism 106. At this time, the laser motion sensor 104 fixed at the center of the inner side wall of the top of the U-shaped frame 103 starts to work and detects the length of the rod extending out of the end of the conveying mechanism 106 in real time.

[0039] When the laser motion sensor 104 detects that the extension length of the rod has reached the preset processing requirement length, it immediately sends a signal to the control system. The control system simultaneously triggers two actions: first, it stops the operation of the conveying mechanism 106 to prevent the rod from continuing to move; second, it starts the second electric push rod 304 in the feeding mechanism 3.

[0040] The output end of the second electric push rod 304 drives the rotary motor 305 and the V-shaped clamping plate 306 fixed at the output end of the rotary motor 305 to move closer to the rod-shaped part. The two sets of V-shaped clamping plates 306 move synchronously in opposite directions. Since the V-shaped clamping plate 306 adopts a V-shaped structure design, its clamping surface can fit with the surface of rod-shaped parts of different diameters. When the diameter changes, the rod-shaped part is always in contact with the two side walls of the V-shaped groove to ensure the stability of the clamping center until the two sets of V-shaped clamping plates 306 firmly clamp the rod-shaped part, and the second electric push rod 304 stops running.

[0041] The control system (not shown in the figure) starts the third electric push rod 307 in the feeding mechanism 3. The output end of the third electric push rod 307 drives the support plate 302, which is slidably connected to the CNC lathe body 101 through the slide rail, and moves a set distance away from the conveying mechanism 106 to avoid the rod-shaped piece from colliding with the conveying mechanism 106 during subsequent flipping.

[0042] The rotary motor 305 is started, which drives the V-shaped chuck 306 and the clamped rod to rotate 180 degrees synchronously. This swaps the end of the rod that was originally protruding from the conveying mechanism 106 (non-processing end) with the end that is to be inserted into the pneumatic chuck (processing end). After the reversal is completed, the rotary motor 305 stops. The first electric push rod 301 in the feeding mechanism 3 is started. The output end of the first electric push rod 301 drives the mounting base 303 to slide and connect with the support plate 302 through the slide rail. The second electric push rod 304, the rotary motor 305, the V-shaped chuck 306 and the rod move downward synchronously. During the movement, the control system monitors the extension length of the first electric push rod 301 in real time, and then monitors the center height of the rod until the center of the rod is on the same horizontal plane as the center of the pneumatic chuck on the CNC lathe body 101. Then the first electric push rod 301 stops running.

[0043] The third electric push rod 307 is activated to retract, driving the support plate 302 and the entire clamping assembly to move towards the pneumatic chuck. The processing end of the rod gradually approaches the pneumatic chuck. At this time, the laser rangefinder 105 fixed at the position of the pneumatic chuck starts to work, detecting the movement distance of the mounting base 303 in real time. When the laser rangefinder 105 detects that the mounting base 303 has moved to the preset distance, that is, when the depth of the rod inserted into the pneumatic chuck reaches the specified processing requirements, the third electric push rod 307 stops running, the pneumatic chuck of the CNC lathe starts, clamps and fixes the rod, and then the feeding mechanism 3 resets, waiting for the next feeding. This completes the single automatic feeding and positioning process, and the CNC lathe can start processing operation.

[0044] This solution, through automatic feeding by conveyor mechanism 106, automatic clamping, flipping, and mounting by feeding mechanism 3, and automatic detection by sensors, achieves a complete process of feeding, positioning, and mounting without manual intervention. It completely replaces the tedious steps of traditional manual material handling, manual centering, and positioning based on experience, freeing operators from repetitive physical labor. The rapid operation significantly shortens the single feeding cycle, meeting the continuous high-efficiency requirements of large-scale batch production. The overall processing efficiency has achieved a qualitative leap, ensuring the consistency of axial position in each clamping. This multi-stage precise control fundamentally guarantees the consistency of workpiece axial dimensions in batch processing, significantly improving product processing accuracy and pass rate.

[0045] It should be noted that all electrical equipment involved in this product is powered by an external power source. The solution also includes an electrical control cabinet, which is installed on the equipment. During use, each piece of electrical equipment can be started and operated separately through the electrical control cabinet. The power connection method of each piece of electrical equipment is an existing mature technology and is well known to those in the field, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0046] Meanwhile, the contents of the conveying mechanism 106, the laser motion sensor 104 and the laser rangefinder 105 that are not described in detail in this specification are all existing technologies known to those skilled in the art and adopt conventional technical models, and will not be described one by one.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic feeding and positioning mechanism for a CNC lathe, comprising a CNC lathe body (101), characterized in that: The top of the CNC lathe body (101) is fixedly equipped with a conveying mechanism (106) for uniformly conveying the shaft parts to be processed; The control panel (102) is fixed to one side of the CNC lathe body (101); A positioning and guiding mechanism (2) is installed on the CNC lathe body (101) and is used to adjust and limit the guidance of both sides of the conveying mechanism (106); A U-shaped frame (103) is fixedly installed on the two side frames at the end of the conveying mechanism (106), and a laser motion sensor (104) is fixedly installed at the center of the inner side wall of the top of the U-shaped frame (103); The feeding mechanism (3) is installed at the position of the U-shaped frame (103) of the CNC lathe body (101) and is used to clamp the shaft to be processed in the pneumatic chuck of the CNC lathe body (101); A laser rangefinder (105) is fixedly installed at the pneumatic chuck position on the CNC lathe body (101) and is at the same horizontal plane as the center of the pneumatic chuck.

2. The automatic feeding and positioning mechanism for a CNC lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning and guiding mechanism (2) includes side plates (201) arranged on both sides above the conveying mechanism (106). A bent plate (203) is fixedly installed on the side of the two sets of side plates (201) that are far apart from each other. A protrusion (206) is fixedly installed on one end of the bent plate (203). A groove adapted to the protrusion (206) is opened on the CNC lathe body (101), and a fixed block (205) arranged symmetrically is fixed in the groove. A double-acting screw (204) is rotatably installed between the two sets of fixed blocks (205) through a bearing. One end of the double-acting screw (204) extends through to the outside of one set of fixed blocks (205). The two sets of protrusions (206) are respectively threadedly connected to the opposite threads of the double-acting screw (204) through threaded holes.

3. The automatic feeding and positioning mechanism for a CNC lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two sets of side plates (201) have rectangular grooves on their sides that are close to each other, and rollers (202) are arranged at equal intervals in the rectangular grooves. The rollers (202) are rotatably connected to the side plates (201) through a rotating shaft.

4. The automatic feeding and positioning mechanism for a CNC lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (3) includes a third electric push rod (307) fixed on both sides of the CNC lathe body (101). The output end of the third electric push rod (307) is fixedly mounted with a bracket plate (302). The top of the bracket plate (302) is fixedly mounted with a first electric push rod (301). The output end of the first electric push rod (301) is fixedly mounted with a mounting base (303). A second electric push rod (304) is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting base (303). The output end of the second electric push rod (304) is fixedly mounted with a rotary motor (305). The output end of the rotary motor (305) is fixedly mounted with a V-shaped clamping plate (306).

5. The automatic feeding and positioning mechanism for a CNC lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The center lines of the two sets of V-shaped chucks (306) are on the same horizontal plane as the center of the pneumatic chuck of the CNC lathe body (101).

6. The automatic feeding and positioning mechanism for a CNC lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bracket plate (302) is slidably connected to the CNC lathe body (101) via a slide rail, and the mounting base (303) is slidably connected to the bracket plate (302) via a slide rail.

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