A resilient clamping tool holder device for processing of a drum-shaped elongated spindle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of follow tool rest, propose a kind of elastic clamping follow tool rest device for waist drum shape slender spindle processing, including follow tool rest shell, the bottom of the follow tool rest is provided with the connecting pedestal for being connected with tool rest, the inside of the follow tool rest is provided with three circumferential mounting racks, the inside of the mounting rack is provided with for spindle processing when resistance cutting radial force, by the setting of constant force spring, copper bead and so on structure, constant force spring provides the centripetal tension of sustained constant for support assembly by telescopic sheet, so that support head can automatically adjust position with workpiece diameter change;Copper bead on support head will sliding friction be converted into rolling friction, while realizing smooth movement in keeping stable support, ensure that device is always with workpiece surface in the whole processing process and keep the best contact state, through the above technical scheme, the problem of poor dynamic adjustment ability and insufficient machining accuracy in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tool holder technology, specifically to an elastic clamping tool holder device for machining a waist-shaped slender spindle. Background Technology

[0002] A follow post is a movable auxiliary support device used on a lathe to prevent the workpiece from bending or deforming due to cutting force, its own weight, and vibration when turning slender shaft parts, thereby ensuring the straightness and surface quality of the machining.

[0003] The prior art, patent number CN222944967U, discloses a center follower for automatic material handling of slender shafts. This patent includes a follower body mounted on a lathe's center support plate; three telescopic supports are arranged in an equilateral triangle on the follower body; the telescopic supports are fixed by a first shank bolt; each telescopic support includes a guide seat mounted on the follower body, one end of which is linearly connected to a pressure head that rolls with the slender shaft; the other end of the guide seat is threaded with a shank adjusting bolt; a spring is installed inside the guide seat, and the spring abuts against the pressure head. This invention utilizes a follower body mounted on a lathe's center support plate and three telescopic supports arranged in an equilateral triangle.

[0004] However, although the patent uses three telescopic supports arranged in an equilateral triangle to accommodate different diameters, the adjustment usually relies on manual operation. When machining a drum-shaped spindle, the operator needs to repeatedly stop the machine to manually adjust the position of each support point, which is not only inefficient but also makes it difficult to ensure a smooth transition of the contour. It is very easy to leave tool marks on the shaft surface, affecting the machining quality. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention proposes an elastic clamping follower device for machining slender, drum-shaped spindles, which solves the problems of poor dynamic adjustment capability and insufficient machining accuracy in related technologies.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: an elastic clamping follower device for machining a waist drum-shaped slender spindle, including a follower housing, a connecting base for connecting to the tool holder is provided at the bottom of the follower, and three circumferentially distributed mounting brackets are provided inside the follower, and the mounting brackets are provided with a mechanism for resisting the cutting radial force during spindle machining. Both sides of the tool holder are provided with elastic components for adjusting the position of the support component, and both sides of the tool holder are provided with locking components for unidirectional fixing of the elastic components.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the support assembly consists of a support spindle and a guide frame. The support spindle is slidably mounted inside the mounting frame and connecting column. The guide frame is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the support spindle. Guide sliders are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the guide frame, and side plates are provided on both the left and right sides of the guide frame. Two symmetrically arranged guide rails are provided inside the mounting frame. The guide sliders are slidably mounted inside the guide rails. The guide sliders and the guide rails are used for limiting the sliding of the support spindle.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a friction rod for supporting the sliding of the main shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the main shaft, and a support head is threaded to one end of the main shaft. The support head is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and a number of circumferentially distributed copper beads are rotatably installed inside the arc-shaped groove.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the elastic component consists of a long shaft and a constant force spring. The long shaft is rotatably installed inside the mounting bracket, and the constant force spring is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the long shaft. A telescopic plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the constant force spring, and a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the tail end of the telescopic plate. The fixing plate is fixedly connected to the side plate, and a plurality of equidistant fixing teeth are provided on one side of the fixing plate.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the locking assembly consists of a rotating shaft and two symmetrically arranged sliding plates. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted inside the mounting frame. A friction knob is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft. Two symmetrically arranged transmission screws are fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft. The threads of the two transmission screws are opposite in direction. The sliding plates are symmetrically arranged and slidably assembled inside the mounting frame. A nut is provided in the middle of the sliding plate. The nut is sleeved on the transmission screw by ball bearings.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the top of the sliding plate is provided with a plurality of equidistantly distributed pawls, one end of each pawl is fixedly connected to a straight shaft, the straight shaft is rotatably mounted inside the sliding plate, the pawls and the sliding plate are connected together to an elastic spring, the elastic spring is provided with a damper, and the pawls and the fixed teeth are in contact with each other.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the mounting bracket is fixedly connected to a limiting shaft and symmetrically arranged limiting rails, and the two sliding plates slide along the limiting rails and the limiting shaft.

[0013] The working principle and beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model uses a constant force spring and copper balls to provide a continuous and constant centripetal force to the support assembly through the telescopic plate, so that the support head can automatically adjust its position according to the change of the workpiece diameter; the copper balls on the support head convert sliding friction into rolling friction, achieving smooth movement while maintaining stable support, and ensuring that the device always maintains the best contact state with the workpiece surface throughout the entire processing process.

[0014] 2. This utility model, through the setting of structures such as pawl and fixed tooth mechanism, the pawl and fixed tooth combined into a one-way locking mechanism can immediately prevent the support component from moving backward under vibration and impact; the precision guiding system composed of double guide rails and guide slider ensures the linear accuracy of the support spindle movement, and the two work together to fundamentally eliminate the tool deflection phenomenon and vibration interference in the machining process. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the support component of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a side view of the overall structure of the support component of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the elastic component of this utility model; Figure 6 For practical purposes Figure 5 Enlarged view of section A in the image; Figure 7 For practical purposes Figure 6 Enlarged view of section B (Chinese character symbol); Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the locking assembly. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet drive structure of this practical application.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Tool holder housing; 101. Connecting base; 102. Mounting bracket; 103. Guide rail; 200. Support assembly; 201. Support spindle; 202. Friction rod; 203. Support head; 204. Copper ball; 205. Guide frame; 206. Side plate; 207. Guide slider; 300. Elastic component; 301. Long shaft; 302. Constant force spring; 303. Telescopic plate; 304. Fixing plate; 305. Fixing tooth; 400. Locking assembly; 401. Limiting rail; 402. Limiting shaft; 403. Friction knob; 404. Rotating shaft; 405. Drive screw; 406. Sliding plate; 407. Pawl; 408. Straight shaft; 409. Elastic spring; 410. Damper. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0019] Example 1 like Figures 1-9 As shown, an elastic clamping follower device for machining a slender, drum-shaped spindle includes a follower housing 1. The bottom of the follower housing 1 is provided with a connecting base 101 for connecting with the tool holder. The follower housing has three circumferentially distributed mounting brackets 102 inside. The mounting brackets 102 have support components 200 for resisting the radial cutting force during spindle machining. Both sides of the follower housing are provided with elastic components 300 for adjusting the position of the support components 200. Both sides of the follower housing are provided with locking components 400 for unidirectional fixing of the elastic components 300.

[0020] The follower post housing 1 serves as the main structure of the entire device. It is connected to the machine tool post via the bottom connecting base 101. Three circumferentially distributed mounting brackets 102 are symmetrically distributed at 90 or 120 degrees within the housing. The support component 200 is installed inside the mounting bracket 102 through a sliding fit, directly bearing the function of resisting the radial cutting force. The elastic component 300 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the follower post. Through the constant force spring 302 mechanism, it provides continuous and stable elastic support force to the support component 200, enabling the support head 203 to adapt to changes in the diameter of the waist drum-shaped spindle. The locking component 400 adopts a ratchet and pawl 407 mechanism to achieve unidirectional locking of the position of the support component 200, preventing changes in the support position due to vibration during processing. This allows the device to adapt to changes in the workpiece contour while ensuring rigid support during processing.

[0021] The support assembly 200 consists of a support spindle 201 and a guide frame 205. The support spindle 201 is slidably mounted inside the mounting bracket 102 and the connecting column. The guide frame 205 is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the support spindle 201. Guide sliders 207 are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the guide frame 205, and side plates 206 are provided on both the left and right sides of the guide frame 205. Two symmetrically arranged guide rails 103 are provided inside the mounting bracket 102. The guide sliders 207 are slidably mounted inside the guide rails 103. The guide sliders 207 and the guide rails 103 are used to limit the sliding of the support spindle 201.

[0022] In this embodiment, the support spindle 201 is fitted with the mounting bracket 102 through a precision sliding bearing to guide radial movement. The guide frame 205 is made of high-strength alloy steel and is fixed in the middle of the support spindle 201 by interference fit. The guide sliders 207 machined on its upper and lower sides form a sliding pair with the linear guide rail 103 inside the mounting bracket 102. The symmetrical layout of the double guide rails 103 effectively suppresses the deflection torque that may be generated when the support spindle 201 is subjected to cutting force, ensuring the stability of the support.

[0023] A friction rod 202 for supporting the sliding of the main shaft 201 is fixedly connected to one side of the main shaft 201. A support head 203 is threaded to one end of the main shaft 201. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the support head 203. Several circumferentially distributed copper beads 204 are rotatably installed inside the arc-shaped groove.

[0024] The friction rod 202 is fixed to the end of the support spindle 201 by a threaded connection. Its surface is specially treated to have a suitable coefficient of friction, providing smooth sliding resistance when it cooperates with the elastic component 300. The support head 203 is threaded to the support spindle 201. The radius of curvature of the arc-shaped groove at the front end of the support head 203 matches the minimum diameter of the spindle to be processed. The copper balls 204 evenly arranged in the groove are copper-plated bearing steel balls. Each copper ball 204 can rotate freely in its mounting hole. When the device is working, the copper balls 204 form rolling friction with the rotating spindle surface, effectively reducing frictional heat and wear, and at the same time converting sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing the risk of scratching the spindle surface. The copper balls 204 inside the support head 203 are evenly distributed by a cage to ensure the uniformity of the support force.

[0025] The elastic component 300 consists of a long shaft 301 and a constant force spring 302. The long shaft 301 is rotatably mounted inside the mounting bracket 102. The constant force spring 302 is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the long shaft 301. A telescopic plate 303 is fixedly connected to the output end of the constant force spring 302. A fixing plate 304 is fixedly connected to the tail end of the telescopic plate 303. The fixing plate 304 is fixedly connected to the side plate 206. A plurality of equally spaced fixing teeth 305 are provided on one side of the fixing plate 304.

[0026] The long shaft 301 is supported inside the mounting bracket 102 by bearings. The constant force spring 302 is pre-rolled from high-strength spring steel strip, with its inner end fixed to the long shaft 301 and its outer end connected to the telescopic plate 303. The telescopic plate 303 is an elastic steel sheet that maintains rigidity while having a certain degree of bending adaptability. The fixing plate 304 is rigidly connected to the side plate 206 of the support assembly 200 by bolts. The fixing teeth 305 on its surface adopt an involute tooth design, and the tooth surface is hardened to improve wear resistance. When the support spindle 201 is displaced due to changes in the workpiece contour, the fixing plate 304 drives the telescopic plate 303 to pull the constant force spring 302. The spring generates a nearly constant restoring force during the winding process, providing a stable support force for the support assembly 200. The constant force characteristic ensures the consistency of the support force throughout the entire processing process, effectively avoiding processing vibration caused by changes in support force.

[0027] The locking assembly 400 consists of a rotating shaft 404 and two symmetrically arranged sliding plates 406. The rotating shaft 404 is rotatably mounted inside the mounting bracket 102. A friction knob 403 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 404. Two symmetrically arranged transmission screws 405 are fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 404. The threads of the two transmission screws 405 are opposite. The sliding plates 406 are symmetrically arranged and slidably assembled inside the mounting bracket 102. A nut is provided in the middle of the sliding plate 406. The nut is sleeved on the transmission screw 405 by ball bearings.

[0028] The rotating shaft 404 is supported on both sides of the mounting bracket 102 by angular contact bearings, ensuring rotational accuracy and axial rigidity. The friction knob 403 has anti-slip textured surfaces and is connected to the rotating shaft 404 via an interference fit, providing sufficient operating torque. The transmission screw 405 adopts a ball screw structure with equidistant left and right threads. The thread profile is optimized to reduce backlash. The sliding plate 406 is made of gray cast iron, and the ball nuts embedded inside form a precision transmission pair with the transmission screw 405. When the friction knob 403 is rotated, it drives the rotating shaft 404 and the transmission screw 405 to rotate synchronously. Due to the action of the left and right threads, the two sliding plates 406 move synchronously in opposite directions. The balls roll between the screw and the nut, converting sliding friction into rolling friction, achieving efficient and smooth transmission. The symmetrical reverse motion mechanism ensures uniform distribution of locking force, avoiding the off-center load problem that may occur with unilateral locking.

[0029] The top of the sliding plate 406 is provided with a plurality of equidistantly distributed pawls 407. One end of each pawl 407 is fixedly connected to a straight shaft 408. The straight shaft 408 is rotatably mounted inside the sliding plate 406. The pawls 407 and the sliding plate 406 are connected together to an elastic spring 409. The elastic spring 409 is provided with a damper 410. The pawls 407 and the fixed teeth 305 are in contact with each other.

[0030] The straight shaft 408 is supported inside the sliding plate 406 by a sliding bearing, providing a stable rotation center for the pawl 407. The elastic spring 409 ensures reliable engagement between the pawl 407 and the fixed tooth 305 while allowing necessary retraction. The damper 410 effectively absorbs the impact vibrations generated by the pawl 407 during engagement and disengagement. When the sliding plate 406 moves towards the fixed tooth 305 under the drive of the transmission screw 405, the pawl 407 automatically engages in the groove of the fixed tooth 305 under the action of the elastic spring 409, achieving one-way locking. When the friction knob 403 is rotated in the opposite direction, the sliding plate 406 retracts, and the pawl 407 overcomes the force of the elastic spring 409 and lifts up, releasing the locked state. The damper 410 smoothly absorbs energy during this process, preventing severe vibrations in the mechanism.

[0031] The mounting bracket 102 is fixedly connected to a limiting shaft 402 and a symmetrically arranged limiting track 401, and the two sliding plates 406 slide along the limiting track 401 and the limiting shaft 402.

[0032] The limiting shaft 402 is made of high-strength alloy steel and is fixed to the side wall of the mounting bracket 102 by press fitting at both ends, providing an accurate axial positioning reference for the sliding plate 406. The limiting rail 401 is formed by precision bending of hardened steel strip and is fixed to the inside of the mounting bracket 102 by screws. The bottom of the sliding plate 406 is machined with a groove that matches the limiting rail 401, and the side is provided with a guide hole that matches the limiting shaft 402. It effectively constrains the six degrees of freedom of the sliding plate 406, ensuring that it always maintains the correct posture and position during movement. When the transmission screw 405 drives the sliding plate 406 to move, the limiting rail 401 undertakes the main guiding function, while the limiting shaft 402 provides auxiliary support and prevents the sliding plate 406 from twisting, ensuring accurate meshing between the pawl 407 and the fixed tooth 305 and improving the locking reliability.

[0033] In this embodiment, firstly, the entire device is rigidly mounted on the machine tool post by the connecting base 101 at the bottom of the tool post housing 1. The three circumferentially distributed support components 200 are ready in the initial position. Under the pre-tightening force of the elastic component 300, the copper ball 204 at the end of the support head 203 contacts the workpiece surface. The sliding plate 406 of the locking component 400 is engaged with the fixed tooth 305 to prevent the support head 203 from being pushed back by the initial contact force.

[0034] When machining begins and the cutting tool starts cutting the slender spindle, as machining proceeds from the large-diameter section of the spindle to the small-diameter section, the pressure of the workpiece contour on the support head 203 decreases. Under the constant restoring force of the constant force spring 302 of the elastic component 300, the support head 203 is continuously pulled towards the center of the workpiece through the support spindle 201 and the fixed plate 304, achieving automatic and gentle centripetal following. The pawl 407 of the locking component 400 can slide on the back of the fixed tooth 305 in the retraction direction, and with the buffering of the elastic spring 409 and the damper 410, no obstruction is generated.

[0035] However, during the machining process, the spindle will inevitably vibrate or jump. At this time, once the support spindle 201 tends to be pushed out, that is, the fixed plate 304 tends to move in the opposite direction, the pawl 407 will be engaged in the groove of the next fixed tooth 305 under the action of the elastic spring 409, realizing one-way locking, effectively preventing the support head 203 from accidentally coming out, and ensuring the dynamic stability of the support rigidity.

[0036] Throughout the machining process, the support head 203 smoothly follows the decreasing diameter under constant force. When machining is complete and reset is required, the operator rotates the friction knob 403, which causes the two sliding plates 406 to separate via the transmission screw 405, and the pawl 407 to completely disengage from the fixed tooth 305. At this point, the support assembly 200 can be manually pushed back to its initial position to prepare for the next machining.

[0037] The elastic component 300 provides a constant centripetal following force, enabling the support head 203 to adapt to diameter changes from large to small, while the locking component 400 only allows the support head 203 to retract centripetally and locks any tendency to be pushed out. Together, they ensure that the support is both compliant and dynamically stable during the machining process from large to small diameter.

[0038] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A flexible clamping follower device for machining a slender, drum-shaped spindle, comprising a follower housing (1), wherein a connecting base (101) for connecting to the follower is provided at the bottom of the follower, and three circumferentially distributed mounting brackets (102) are provided inside the follower, wherein the mounting brackets (102) are provided with a mechanism for resisting radial cutting forces during spindle machining. Its characteristics are: Both sides of the tool holder are provided with elastic components (300) for adjusting the position of the support component (200), and both sides of the tool holder are provided with locking components (400) for unidirectional fixing of the elastic components (300).

2. The elastic clamping follower device for machining a slender, drum-shaped spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support assembly (200) consists of a support spindle (201) and a guide frame (205). The support spindle (201) is slidably mounted inside the mounting frame (102) and the connecting column. The guide frame (205) is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the support spindle (201). Guide sliders (207) are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the guide frame (205). Side plates (206) are provided on both the left and right sides of the guide frame (205). Two symmetrically arranged guide rails (103) are provided inside the mounting frame (102). The guide sliders (207) are slidably mounted inside the guide rails (103). The guide sliders (207) and the guide rails (103) are used to support the sliding limit of the spindle (201).

3. The elastic clamping follower device for machining a slender, drum-shaped spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that, A friction rod (202) for sliding assistance of the support spindle (201) is fixedly connected to one side of the support spindle (201). One end of the support spindle (201) is connected to a support head (203) by a thread. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the support head (203). Several circumferentially distributed copper beads (204) are rotatably installed inside the arc-shaped groove.

4. The elastic clamping follower device for machining a waist-drum shaped slender spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic component (300) consists of a long shaft (301) and a constant force spring (302). The long shaft (301) is rotatably mounted inside the mounting bracket (102). The constant force spring (302) is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the long shaft (301). A telescopic piece (303) is fixedly connected to the output end of the constant force spring (302). A fixing plate (304) is fixedly connected to the tail end of the telescopic piece (303). The fixing plate (304) is fixedly connected to the side plate (206). A number of equally spaced fixing teeth (305) are provided on one side of the fixing plate (304).

5. The elastic clamping follower device for machining a waist-drum shaped slender spindle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locking assembly (400) consists of a rotating shaft (404) and two symmetrically arranged sliding plates (406). The rotating shaft (404) is rotatably mounted inside the mounting bracket (102). A friction knob (403) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft (404). Two symmetrically arranged transmission screws (405) are fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (404). The threads of the two transmission screws (405) are opposite. The sliding plates (406) are symmetrically arranged and slidably assembled inside the mounting bracket (102). A nut is provided in the middle of the sliding plate (406). The nut is sleeved on the transmission screw (405) by ball bearings.

6. The elastic clamping follower device for machining a waist-drum shaped slender spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the sliding plate (406) is provided with a plurality of equidistantly distributed pawls (407). One end of each pawl (407) is fixedly connected to a straight shaft (408). The straight shaft (408) is rotatably mounted inside the sliding plate (406). The pawls (407) and the sliding plate (406) are connected together to an elastic spring (409). The elastic spring (409) is provided with a damper (410). The pawls (407) and the fixed teeth (305) are in contact with each other.

7. The elastic clamping follower device for machining a waist-drum shaped slender spindle according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (102) is fixedly connected to a limiting shaft (402) and a symmetrically arranged limiting track (401), and the two sliding plates (406) slide along the limiting track (401) and the limiting shaft (402).

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