Double floating movable adjusting tailstock

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double -floating movable adjusting tailstock belongs to lathe tailstock field. Double -floating movable adjusting tailstock of the utility model, including base, horizontal fine adjustment mechanism, vertical fine adjustment mechanism and centre component, and centre component is installed on base through vertical fine adjustment mechanism and horizontal fine adjustment mechanism, and the bottom sliding surface of base is equipped with air float groove and oil float groove respectively, and base is provided with air float interface that communicates with air float groove and oil float interface that communicates with oil float groove. The utility model can utilize air float and / or oil float and form a layer of very thin air film or oil film between tailstock and bed body guide rail, thereby reduce the contact friction between tailstock and bed body guide rail, make heavy -duty tailstock also can move easily. Oil film has good lubrication effect, and air float and oil float can cooperate, and the oil liquid between contact surface can form air film conveniently, and lubricating oil liquid can also reduce the flatness requirement of contact surface, and reduce the machining precision requirement of contact surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a machine tool tailstock, and more specifically, to a double-float movable and adjustable tailstock. Background Technology

[0002] The tailstock is a core component in machine tools used for centering and clamping support of shaft parts. With the development of technology, it has gradually evolved from the traditional tailstock that generates axial clamping force through lead screw and nut transmission to programmable hydraulic tailstocks, etc. However, regardless of the structure of the tailstock, its core function is still centering, requiring the tailstock's center point to have a high degree of coaxiality with the drive end chuck or center point.

[0003] Traditional tailstocks can only move axially along the guide rail on a machine tool. With wear between the tailstock and the guide rail, and other factors, the positional accuracy of the tailstock's center point may continuously deteriorate, affecting the machining accuracy of the parts. To address this issue, tailstocks capable of fine-tuning in both vertical and horizontal directions have emerged. Examples include Chinese Patent Publication No. CN208409588U (published January 22, 2019) and Chinese Patent Publication No. CN221983910U (published November 12, 2024), which allow for fine-tuning of the center point's vertical height and horizontal position to ensure the center point's positional accuracy and thus the machining accuracy of the parts. However, the addition of fine-tuning structures in two directions introduces variables related to the center point's positional movement. Therefore, the stability of the fine-tuning structure needs to be considered in the design to prevent the tailstock's center point from moving under machining stress. The existing fine-tuning tailstocks still have shortcomings in their structural design. For example, the application with publication number CN208409588U reverses the vertical height fine-tuning ramp, which means that the ramp cannot resist axial force when the tip clamps the part. The axial force is mainly borne by the auxiliary support bolt, resulting in relatively poor stability. The application with publication number CN221983910U uses a single screw to achieve fine-tuning in the vertical height and horizontal left and right directions. Due to the existence of thread fit clearance, the reliability of the tip position is low. When under force, slight movement may occur, affecting the positional accuracy of the tip.

[0004] Furthermore, the axial movement of the tailstock on a machine tool is usually achieved through manual pushing and pulling. For large machine tools (such as large engraving machines), the tailstock is heavy, making manual pushing and pulling very strenuous. To address this issue, existing technologies have developed tailstocks with air-float functions, such as the "A Grinding Machine Tailstock with Air-Float Function" disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN206717641U (published on December 8, 2017) and the "A Bidirectional Adjustable Spline Shaft Grinding Machine Air-Float Tailstock" disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN115816296A (published on March 21, 2023). These technologies utilize the principle of air-float to generate an air film between the tailstock and the guide rail, making the tailstock movement easier and less strenuous. However, the air-float mechanism works well for lighter tailstocks. For heavier tailstocks, the effect of air-float is limited, mainly because air-float requires higher air pressure and the air film is difficult to form effectively. Summary of the Invention

[0005] 1. Technical problem to be solved by the utility model

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a dual-float movable adjustable tailstock. Using this invention, the tip height and left-right position of the tailstock can be finely adjusted, and it combines air flotation and oil flotation functions. In heavy-duty tailstocks, air flotation and / or oil flotation can form an extremely thin air film or oil film between the tailstock and the bed guide rail, thereby reducing the contact friction between the tailstock and the bed guide rail, allowing even heavy-duty tailstocks to move easily. Compared to a single air flotation structure, oil flotation has higher oil pressure, facilitating oil film formation. Simultaneously, the oil film itself has better lubrication, further reducing friction between the tailstock and the bed guide rail. Moreover, air flotation and oil flotation can work together; the oil between the contact surfaces facilitates the formation of an air film, and the lubricating oil also reduces the flatness requirements of the contact surfaces, lowering the machining accuracy requirements.

[0007] 2. Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] This utility model discloses a dual-float movable adjustable tailstock, comprising a base, a horizontal fine-tuning mechanism, a vertical fine-tuning mechanism, and a tip assembly. The tip assembly is mounted on the base via the vertical and horizontal fine-tuning mechanisms for fine-tuning the vertical up-down position and horizontal left-right position of the tip assembly. The bottom sliding surface of the base is provided with an air flotation groove and an oil flotation groove, respectively. The base has an air flotation interface connected to the air flotation groove and an oil flotation interface connected to the oil flotation groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the air flotation tank is an annular tank, and the oil flotation tank is located inside the air flotation tank.

[0011] Furthermore, the air flotation tank and the oil flotation tank are provided on the left and right sides of the bottom sliding surface of the base.

[0012] Furthermore, the horizontal fine-tuning mechanism includes left and right slides and a horizontal adjusting bolt assembly. The bottom surface of the left and right slides is horizontally slidably mounted on the left and right guide members on the top surface of the base. The horizontal adjusting bolt assembly includes a horizontal adjusting plate, a horizontal tensioning bolt, and a horizontal abutting bolt. The horizontal adjusting plate is fixedly mounted on one side of the base. The horizontal tensioning bolt passes through a slot or through hole on the horizontal adjusting plate and connects to the left and right threaded holes on the left and right slides. The horizontal abutting bolt is threadedly engaged with the horizontal adjusting plate, and the end of the horizontal abutting bolt abuts against the side wall of the left and right slides.

[0013] Furthermore, the left and right guide members are flat keys fixedly installed in the keyway on the top surface of the base, and the bottom surface of the left and right slides has horizontal guide grooves that cooperate with the flat keys.

[0014] Furthermore, the vertical fine-tuning mechanism includes front and rear slides and a height adjusting bolt assembly. The top assembly is located on the upper part of the front and rear slides. The bottom surfaces of the front and rear slides are slidably mounted on the top surfaces of the left and right slides in the front-rear direction, and the bottom surfaces of the front and rear slides and the top surfaces of the left and right slides are engaged with an inclined plane. The height adjusting bolt assembly includes a height adjusting plate, front and rear tensioning bolts, and front and rear abutting bolts. The height adjusting plate is fixedly mounted on the rear part of the left and right slides. The front and rear tensioning bolts pass through the slots or through holes on the height adjusting plate and connect to the front and rear threaded holes on the front and rear slides. The front and rear abutting bolts are threadedly engaged with the height adjusting plate, and the ends of the front and rear abutting bolts abut against the rear sidewalls of the front and rear slides.

[0015] Furthermore, a vertical locking assembly is provided between the front and rear slide blocks and the left and right slide blocks. The vertical locking assembly includes a locking bolt and a locking nut. The locking bolt is vertically installed on the left and right slide blocks. The front and rear slide blocks are provided with an oblong hole arranged in the front-rear direction. The locking bolt passes through the oblong hole and engages with the locking nut threadedly.

[0016] Furthermore, the inclined plane between the front and rear slide blocks and the left and right slide blocks is lower in the front and higher in the back, and the included angle α of the inclined plane is 2°~10°.

[0017] Furthermore, the top surface of the left and right slide blocks has front and rear sliding bosses, and the bottom surface of the front and rear slide blocks has front and rear sliding guide grooves, with the front and rear sliding bosses slidingly guiding the front and rear sliding guide grooves.

[0018] Furthermore, the tip assembly includes a sleeve and a tip axial movement mechanism mounted on the sleeve, wherein the sleeve is fixedly connected to the front and rear slides as a single unit.

[0019] 3. Beneficial effects

[0020] Compared with existing known technologies, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) A double-float movable adjustable tailstock of the present invention includes a base, a horizontal fine adjustment mechanism, a vertical fine adjustment mechanism and a top component. The top component is installed on the base through the vertical fine adjustment mechanism and the horizontal fine adjustment mechanism. The height and left and right position of the top of the tailstock can be finely adjusted. The bottom sliding surface of the base is provided with an air float groove and an oil float groove respectively. The base has an air float interface connected to the air float groove and an oil float interface connected to the oil float groove. It has both air float and oil float functions. In the heavy-duty tailstock, an extremely thin air film or oil film can be formed between the tailstock and the bed guide rail by air float and / or oil float, thereby reducing the contact friction between the tailstock and the bed guide rail, so that the heavy-duty tailstock can also be moved easily. Compared with a standalone air flotation structure, oil flotation has higher oil pressure, which facilitates the formation of oil film. At the same time, the oil film itself has a better lubricating effect, further reducing the friction between the tailstock and the bed guide rail. Moreover, air flotation and oil flotation can work together, and the oil between the contact surfaces can facilitate the formation of air film. The lubricating oil can also reduce the flatness requirements of the contact surfaces and reduce the machining accuracy requirements of the contact surfaces.

[0022] (2) The present invention provides a double-float movable adjustable tailstock, wherein the air float groove is an annular groove and the oil float groove is located inside the air float groove. The air float or oil float function can be used alone or simultaneously. When high-pressure gas and lubricating oil are input at the same time, the lubricating oil inside can fully fill the contact surface and form an oil-gas mixed film layer on the contact surface, making the movement of the tailstock easier and less strenuous. The air float groove can also hold some lubricating oil, further improving the lubrication performance of the contact surface and reducing the accuracy error caused by long-term wear of the contact surface.

[0023] (3) The present invention provides a double float movable adjustable tail seat, wherein the air float groove and the oil float groove are provided on the left and right sides of the bottom sliding surface of the base, so that the tail seat is more balanced by the air float and the oil float, and further reduces the resistance of the tail seat axial movement.

[0024] (4) The present invention provides a double-floating movable adjustable tailstock, the horizontal fine adjustment mechanism of which includes left and right slides and a horizontal adjustment bolt assembly, the horizontal adjustment bolt assembly including a horizontal adjustment plate, a horizontal tension bolt and a horizontal abutment bolt; the vertical fine adjustment mechanism includes front and rear slides and a height adjustment bolt assembly, the height adjustment bolt assembly including a height adjustment plate, front and rear tension bolts and front and rear abutment bolts; both the horizontal fine adjustment mechanism and the vertical fine adjustment mechanism use tension bolts and abutment bolts to cooperate in adjustment, the adjustment operation is convenient and quick, and the locking stability after adjustment is good, and it is not easy to loosen during use, thus ensuring the positional accuracy of the tailstock.

[0025] (5) The double float movable adjustable tailstock of this utility model has a flat key fixedly installed in the keyway on the top surface of the base as the left and right guide components. The bottom surface of the left and right slides has a horizontal guide groove that matches the flat key. The flat key is used as a guide rail, which is simple in structure and easy to manufacture. Moreover, the flat key has a strong load-bearing capacity and can effectively transmit the force on the tip to the base and then to the bed, resulting in better structural stability.

[0026] (6) A double-floating movable adjustable tailstock of the present invention has a vertical locking component between the front and rear slides and the left and right slides. The vertical locking component includes a locking bolt and a locking nut. The locking bolt is vertically installed on the left and right slides. The front and rear slides are provided with a waist-shaped hole arranged in the front and rear direction. After the locking bolt passes through the waist-shaped hole, it is threadedly engaged with the locking nut. The vertical locking component can be used to lock the tailstock after the top height position is adjusted, thereby reducing the axial force borne by the front and rear abutting bolts when the tailstock is in use and further improving the structural stability of the tailstock.

[0027] (7) The double float movable adjustable tail seat of this utility model has a slope between the front and rear slides and the left and right slides with the front being lower and the rear being higher, and the included angle α of the slope is 2°~10°. The slope design with the front being lower and the rear being higher can make the front and rear slides and the left and right slides form a better force transmission structure and better resist the axial force generated by the tip. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a side view of a dual-float movable adjustable tailstock according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a double-floating movable adjustable tailstock according to the present invention, viewed from below.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a double-float movable adjustable tailstock according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of a double-float movable adjustable tailstock according to this utility model.

[0032] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0033] 1. Base; 1-1. Bottom sliding surface; 1-2. Air flotation tank; 1-3. Oil flotation tank; 1-4. Air flotation interface; 1-5. Oil flotation interface; 1-6. Left and right guide components;

[0034] 2. Horizontal fine-tuning mechanism; 2-1. Left and right slide blocks; 2-1-1. Left and right threaded holes; 2-1-2. Horizontal guide groove; 2-1-3. Front and rear sliding bosses; 2-2. Horizontal adjusting bolt assembly; 2-2-1. Horizontal adjusting plate; 2-2-2. Horizontal tension bolt; 2-2-3. Horizontal clamping bolt;

[0035] 3. Vertical fine-tuning mechanism; 3-1. Front and rear slide blocks; 3-1-1. Front and rear threaded holes; 3-1-2. Waist-shaped hole; 3-1-3. Front and rear sliding guide grooves; 3-2. Height adjustment bolt assembly; 3-2-1. Height adjustment plate; 3-2-2. Front and rear tension bolts; 3-2-3. Front and rear abutment bolts;

[0036] 4. Center assembly; 4-1. Sleeve; 4-2. Tapered sleeve; 4-3. Handwheel; 4-4. Locking handle; 4-5. Center;

[0037] 5. Vertical locking assembly; 5-1. Locking bolt; 5-2. Locking nut. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To further understand the content of this utility model, a detailed description of this utility model will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] [Example]

[0040] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment of a dual-float movable adjustable tailstock includes a base 1, a horizontal fine-tuning mechanism 2, a vertical fine-tuning mechanism 3, and a center assembly 4. The base 1 serves as the mounting base for the tailstock and is mounted on the machine tool bed guide rail. The center assembly 4 is mounted on the base 1 via the vertical fine-tuning mechanism 3 and the horizontal fine-tuning mechanism 2, which are used to fine-tune the vertical up-down position and horizontal left-right position of the center assembly 4 to ensure the coaxiality of the axis of the center assembly 4 with the rotation axis of the drive end chuck or the center. To facilitate the movement of the tailstock as a whole on the machine tool bed guide rail, the bottom sliding surface 1-1 of the base 1 is provided with an air float groove 1-2 and an oil float groove 1-3, respectively. The base 1 has an air float interface 1-4 connected to the air float groove 1-2 and an oil float interface 1-5 connected to the oil float groove 1-3. Air float interface 1-4 can be connected to a high-pressure air source to form an air film between the bottom sliding surface 1-1 and the bed guide rail; oil float interface 1-5 can be connected to high-pressure lubricating oil to form an oil film between the bottom sliding surface 1-1 and the bed guide rail. Using the above-mentioned dual-float movable adjustable tailstock, the tailstock's tip height and left / right position can be finely adjusted, and it combines air float and oil float functions. In heavy-duty tailstocks, air float and / or oil float can be used to form an extremely thin air film or oil film between the tailstock and the bed guide rail, thereby reducing the contact friction between the tailstock and the bed guide rail, allowing even heavy-duty tailstocks to move easily. Compared with the existing air-float tailstock structure, the oil-float structure has higher oil pressure, which facilitates the formation of oil film. At the same time, the oil film itself has a better lubricating effect, further reducing the friction between the tailstock and the bed guide rail. Moreover, the air-float and oil-float structures can work together, and the oil between the contact surfaces can facilitate the formation of air film. The lubricating oil can also reduce the flatness requirements of the contact surfaces and reduce the machining accuracy requirements of the contact surfaces.

[0041] It should be noted that the aforementioned air flotation and oil flotation principles are existing technologies, and their specific structures can be referenced from existing air flotation guideways and hydrostatic guideways. The specific pneumatic control system, hydraulic control system, and oil return structure will not be elaborated upon here. The innovation of this application lies in the simultaneous installation of air flotation and oil flotation structures on the adjusting tailstock, enabling it to have dual-float movement functions. For large and heavy-duty tailstocks, the synergistic cooperation of air and oil flotation reduces the contact friction between the tailstock and the bed guideway, allowing even large and heavy-duty tailstocks to move easily. Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the air flotation groove 1-2 is an annular groove, and the oil flotation groove 1-3 is located inside the air flotation groove 1-2. The oil flotation groove 1-3 can be a straight groove. Depending on the needs and the configuration of the user's air pressure or hydraulic system, the air flotation or oil flotation function can be used alone, or both functions can be used simultaneously. When high-pressure gas and lubricating oil are input simultaneously, the lubricating oil on the inner side can fully fill the contact surface, forming an oil-gas mixed film layer on the contact surface, making the movement of the tailstock easier and less strenuous. The air flotation groove can also hold some lubricating oil, further improving the lubrication performance of the contact surface and reducing the accuracy error caused by long-term wear of the contact surface. Furthermore, a set of air flotation groove 1-2 and oil flotation groove 1-3 are provided on each of the left and right sides of the bottom sliding surface 1-1 of the base 1, making the tailstock more balanced by the effects of air flotation and oil flotation, further reducing the resistance to axial movement of the tailstock.

[0042] catch Figure 1 and Figure 2 and refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the horizontal fine-tuning mechanism 2 includes left and right slides 2-1 and a horizontal adjusting bolt assembly 2-2. The bottom surface of the left and right slides 2-1 is horizontally slidably mounted on the left and right guide members 1-6 on the top surface of the base 1 in the left and right direction. The horizontal adjusting bolt assembly 2-2 includes a horizontal adjusting plate 2-2-1, a horizontal tensioning bolt 2-2-2, and a horizontal abutting bolt 2-2-3. The horizontal adjusting plate 2-2-1 is fixedly mounted on one side of the base 1. The horizontal tensioning bolt 2-2-2 passes through the slot or through hole on the horizontal adjusting plate 2-2-1 and connects to the left and right threaded holes 2-1-1 on the left and right slides 2-1. The horizontal abutting bolt 2-2-3 is threadedly engaged with the horizontal adjusting plate 2-2-1, and the end of the horizontal abutting bolt 2-2-3 abuts against the side wall of the left and right slides 2-1. The left and right positions of the left and right slide blocks 2-1 are adjusted by the horizontal tension bolt 2-2-2 and the horizontal abutment bolt 2-2-3. During adjustment, the horizontal abutment bolt 2-2-3 can be loosened first, so that the horizontal abutment bolt 2-2-3 is unscrewed outward on the horizontal adjustment plate 2-2-1. Then, the horizontal tension bolt 2-2-2 is rotated to make a fine adjustment of the position of the left and right slide blocks 2-1. The position of the left and right slide blocks 2-1 can be determined by the cap of the horizontal tension bolt 2-2-2 abutting against the horizontal adjustment plate 2-2-1. After that, the horizontal abutment bolt 2-2-3 is tightened so that its end abuts against the side wall of the left and right slide blocks 2-1, thereby fixing the position of the left and right slide blocks 2-1.

[0043] The vertical fine-tuning mechanism 3 includes front and rear slides 3-1 and height adjusting bolt assembly 3-2. The tip assembly 4 is located on the upper part of the front and rear slides 3-1. The bottom surface of the front and rear slides 3-1 is slidably mounted on the top surface of the left and right slides 2-1 in the front-back direction. The bottom surface of the front and rear slides 3-1 and the top surface of the left and right slides 2-1 are engaged with an inclined plane. When the front and rear slides 3-1 slides relative to the left and right slides 2-1, the height of the front and rear slides 3-1 changes synchronously under the action of the inclined plane, thereby realizing the fine-tuning of the tip height. The structural principle of the height adjusting bolt assembly 3-2 is the same as that of the horizontal adjusting bolt assembly 2-2 described above. The height adjusting bolt assembly 3-2 includes a height adjusting plate 3-2-1, front and rear tensioning bolts 3-2-2, and front and rear abutting bolts 3-2-3. The height adjusting plate 3-2-1 is fixedly installed at the rear of the left and right slide blocks 2-1. The front and rear tensioning bolts 3-2-2 pass through the slots or through holes on the height adjusting plate 3-2-1 and are connected to the front and rear threaded holes 3-1-1 on the front and rear slide blocks 3-1. The front and rear abutting bolts 3-2-3 are threadedly engaged with the height adjusting plate 3-2-1, and the ends of the front and rear abutting bolts 3-2-3 abut against the rear sidewalls of the front and rear slide blocks 3-1. Similarly, the front and rear positions of the front and rear slide blocks 3-1 are adjusted by the front and rear tensioning bolts 3-2-2 and the front and rear abutting bolts 3-2-3. During adjustment, the front and rear abutting bolts 3-2-3 can be loosened first, so that the front and rear abutting bolts 3-2-3 are unscrewed outward on the height adjustment plate 3-2-1. Then, the front and rear tensioning bolts 3-2-2 are rotated to make a fine adjustment of the position of the front and rear slide blocks 3-1 and change the height of the tip. The position of the front and rear slide blocks 3-1 can be determined by the cap of the front and rear tensioning bolts 3-2-2 being pressed against the height adjustment plate 3-2-1. After that, the front and rear abutting bolts 3-2-3 are tightened so that their ends are pressed against the rear side wall of the front and rear slide blocks 3-1, thereby fixing the position of the front and rear slide blocks 3-1. It should be understood that since the movement of the front and rear slides 3-1 is accompanied by changes in their vertical position, the slots or through holes on the height adjustment plate 3-2-1 need to retain a certain amount of space for the front and rear tensioning bolts 3-2-2 to move. The slots or through holes on the height adjustment plate 3-2-1 can be U-shaped slots or oblong holes.

[0044] Both the horizontal fine-tuning mechanism 2 and the vertical fine-tuning mechanism 3 described above employ a combination of tension bolts and abutment bolts for adjustment. This allows for convenient and quick adjustment, and the resulting locking stability is excellent, preventing loosening during use and ensuring the positional accuracy of the tailstock. (Refer to...) Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, preferably, the left and right guide members 1-6 are flat keys fixedly installed in the keyway on the top surface of the base 1. The bottom surface of the left and right slides 2-1 has horizontal guide grooves 2-1-2 that cooperate with the flat keys. Using the flat keys as guide rails results in a simple structure, convenient manufacturing, and strong load-bearing capacity, effectively transmitting the force on the center to the base 1 and then to the bed, thus improving structural stability. Furthermore, a vertical locking assembly 5 is provided between the front and rear slides 3-1 and the left and right slides 2-1. The vertical locking assembly 5 includes a locking bolt 5-1 and a locking nut 5-2. The locking bolt 5-1 is vertically installed on the left and right slides 2-1. The front and rear slides 3-1 are provided with an oblong hole 3-1-2 arranged in the front-rear direction. The locking bolt 5-1 passes through the oblong hole 3-1-2 and is threadedly engaged with the locking nut 5-2. When adjusting the top height, first loosen the locking nut 5-2, and then tighten it again after adjustment. This reduces the axial force on the front and rear clamping bolts 3-2-3 during tailstock use, further improving the structural stability of the tailstock. Figure 1 As shown, the inclined plane between the front and rear slide blocks 3-1 and the left and right slide blocks 2-1 is lower at the front and higher at the back, which allows for a better force transmission structure between the front and rear slide blocks 3-1 and the left and right slide blocks 2-1, and better resists the axial force generated by the tip. The included angle α of the inclined plane is preferably 2°~10°. Furthermore, the top surface of the left and right slide blocks 2-1 has front and rear sliding bosses 2-1-3, and the bottom surface of the front and rear slide blocks 3-1 has front and rear sliding guide grooves 3-1-3. The front and rear sliding bosses 2-1-3 and the front and rear sliding guide grooves 3-1-3 slide and guide each other, ensuring the sliding adjustment stability of the front and rear slide blocks 3-1.

[0045] In this embodiment, the tip assembly 4 includes a sleeve 4-1 and a tip axial movement mechanism mounted on the sleeve 4-1. The sleeve 4-1 is fixedly connected to the front and rear slides 3-1 as a whole, which can ensure the structural stability of the tailstock. The tip axial movement mechanism is similar to the prior art and can adopt a screw and nut transmission mechanism or a programmable hydraulic transmission mechanism, etc. Specifically, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned tip axial movement mechanism includes a tapered sleeve 4-2, a handwheel 4-3, a locking handle 4-4, and a tip 4-5. The tapered sleeve 4-2 is slidably disposed inside the sleeve 4-1. The tip 4-5 is detachably mounted on the front end of the tapered sleeve 4-2. The rear end of the tapered sleeve 4-2 is connected to the handwheel 4-3 through a screw and nut mechanism. The locking handle 4-4 is mounted on the sleeve 4-1 for locking and fixing the tapered sleeve 4-2. When adjusting the tip 4-5 axially, loosen the locking handle 4-4, then turn the handwheel 4-3 to drive the lead screw to rotate. The rotation of the lead screw drives the nut sleeve on it to move axially. The nut sleeve is connected to the tapered sleeve 4-2, thereby driving the tip 4-5 to move axially.

[0046] This invention relates to a dual-float movable adjustable tailstock. The tailstock's tip height and lateral position are finely adjustable, and it combines air flotation and oil flotation functions. In heavy-duty tailstocks, air flotation and / or oil flotation can form an extremely thin air film or oil film between the tailstock and the bed guide rail, thereby reducing the contact friction between the tailstock and the bed guide rail, allowing even heavy-duty tailstocks to move easily. Compared to a single air flotation structure, oil flotation has higher oil pressure, facilitating oil film formation. Simultaneously, the oil film itself has better lubrication, further reducing friction between the tailstock and the bed guide rail. Moreover, air flotation and oil flotation can work synergistically; the oil between the contact surfaces facilitates the formation of an air film, and the lubricating oil also reduces the flatness requirements of the contact surfaces, lowering the machining accuracy requirements.

[0047] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-floating movable adjustable tailstock, comprising a base (1), a horizontal fine-tuning mechanism (2), a vertical fine-tuning mechanism (3), and a tip assembly (4), wherein the tip assembly (4) is mounted on the base (1) via the vertical fine-tuning mechanism (3) and the horizontal fine-tuning mechanism (2), for fine-tuning the vertical up-down position and the horizontal left-right position of the tip assembly (4), characterized in that: The base (1) has an air flotation tank (1-2) and an oil flotation tank (1-3) respectively on its bottom sliding surface (1-1). The base (1) has an air flotation interface (1-4) connected to the air flotation tank (1-2) and an oil flotation interface (1-5) connected to the oil flotation tank (1-3).

2. The dual-buoyancy movable adjustable tailstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air flotation tank (1-2) is an annular tank, and the oil flotation tank (1-3) is located inside the air flotation tank (1-2).

3. The dual-buoyancy movable adjustable tailstock according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air flotation tank (1-2) and the oil flotation tank (1-3) are each provided on the left and right sides of the bottom sliding surface (1-1) of the base (1).

4. The dual-buoyancy movable adjustable tailstock according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The horizontal fine-tuning mechanism (2) includes left and right slides (2-1) and a horizontal adjusting bolt assembly (2-2). The bottom surface of the left and right slides (2-1) is horizontally slidably mounted on the left and right guide members (1-6) on the top surface of the base (1) in the left and right direction. The horizontal adjusting bolt assembly (2-2) includes a horizontal adjusting plate (2-2-1), a horizontal tensioning bolt (2-2-2), and a horizontal abutting bolt (2-2-3). The horizontal adjusting plate (2-2-1) is fixedly mounted on one side of the base (1). The horizontal tensioning bolt (2-2-2) passes through the slot or through hole on the horizontal adjusting plate (2-2-1) and is connected to the left and right threaded holes (2-1-1) on the left and right slides (2-1). The horizontal abutting bolt (2-2-3) is threadedly engaged with the horizontal adjusting plate (2-2-1), and the end of the horizontal abutting bolt (2-2-3) abuts against the side wall of the left and right slides (2-1).

5. The dual-buoyancy movable adjustable tailstock according to claim 4, characterized in that: The left and right guide members (1-6) are flat keys fixedly installed in the keyway on the top surface of the base (1), and the bottom surface of the left and right slides (2-1) has a horizontal guide groove (2-1-2) that cooperates with the flat key.

6. The dual-buoyancy movable adjustable tailstock according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical fine-tuning mechanism (3) includes front and rear slides (3-1) and a height adjusting bolt assembly (3-2). The top assembly (4) is located on the upper part of the front and rear slides (3-1). The bottom surface of the front and rear slides (3-1) is slidably mounted on the top surface of the left and right slides (2-1) in the front-rear direction, and the bottom surface of the front and rear slides (3-1) and the top surface of the left and right slides (2-1) are engaged by a slanted plane. The height adjusting bolt assembly (3-2) includes a height adjusting plate (3-2-1), front and rear tensioning bolts (3-2-2), and a front... The rear clamping bolt (3-2-3) and the height adjustment plate (3-2-1) are fixedly installed at the rear of the left and right slides (2-1). The front and rear tensioning bolts (3-2-2) pass through the slots or holes on the height adjustment plate (3-2-1) and are connected to the front and rear threaded holes (3-1-1) on the front and rear slides (3-1). The front and rear clamping bolts (3-2-3) are threadedly engaged with the height adjustment plate (3-2-1), and the ends of the front and rear clamping bolts (3-2-3) abut against the rear sidewall of the front and rear slides (3-1).

7. The dual-buoyancy movable adjustable tailstock according to claim 6, characterized in that: A vertical locking assembly (5) is also provided between the front and rear slide blocks (3-1) and the left and right slide blocks (2-1). The vertical locking assembly (5) includes a locking bolt (5-1) and a locking nut (5-2). The locking bolt (5-1) is vertically installed on the left and right slide blocks (2-1). The front and rear slide blocks (3-1) are provided with a waist-shaped hole (3-1-2) arranged in the front and rear direction. The locking bolt (5-1) passes through the waist-shaped hole (3-1-2) and is threadedly engaged with the locking nut (5-2).

8. The dual-buoyancy movable adjustable tailstock according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inclined plane between the front and rear slide blocks (3-1) and the left and right slide blocks (2-1) is lower in the front and higher in the back, and the included angle α of the inclined plane is 2°~10°.

9. The dual-buoyancy movable adjustable tailstock according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top surface of the left and right slide blocks (2-1) has a front and rear sliding boss (2-1-3), and the bottom surface of the front and rear slide blocks (3-1) has a front and rear sliding guide groove (3-1-3). The front and rear sliding boss (2-1-3) and the front and rear sliding guide groove (3-1-3) slide and guide each other.

10. The dual-buoyancy movable adjustable tailstock according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top component (4) includes a sleeve (4-1) and a top axial movement mechanism mounted on the sleeve (4-1). The sleeve (4-1) is fixedly connected to the front and rear slides (3-1) as a whole.

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