Multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of a tube sheet drilling device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of multi-shaft synchronous drilling template structure of tube sheet drilling device, belong to tube sheet drilling device technical field, the multi-shaft synchronous drilling template structure of this tube sheet drilling device includes template body and positioning assembly, the template body is plate structure, multiple guide holes that are passed through the thickness of template body are opened on it, the guide hole is in matrix arrangement distribution, guiding sleeve is embedded in each guide hole, the inner wall surface of guiding sleeve is cylindrical surface, the positioning assembly includes at least 3 positioning lugs, the positioning lug extends downward from the lower surface of template body, the lower end surface of positioning lug is positioning contact surface, the positioning lug is distributed along the peripheral region of template body lower surface;It can solve the problem that traditional positioning drilling mode one by one not only consumes a lot of time, but also is difficult to ensure that the positional relationship between all hole positions meets design requirement, affects the machining quality of tube sheet and subsequent assembly accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of tube sheet drilling devices, and more specifically, it relates to a multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure for a tube sheet drilling device. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing of heat exchange equipment in industries such as petrochemicals, power, and refrigeration, tube sheets are a critical structural component. Numerous through holes need to be drilled on the tube sheet for inserting and fixing heat exchange tubes. The number of these holes typically ranges from dozens to hundreds, and the relative positional accuracy between the holes requires high precision, as this directly affects the installation quality of the heat exchange tubes and the overall performance of the heat exchange equipment. Traditional tube sheet drilling methods primarily use single-axis drilling machines or radial drilling machines to drill hole by hole. Operators need to repeatedly position the tube sheet according to markings or templates, requiring repositioning and adjusting the drill bit position after each hole. This method is not only labor-intensive but also extremely inefficient. For a tube sheet requiring hundreds of holes, completing the entire drilling operation often takes several hours or even longer. More seriously, due to the inherent positioning error generated with each positioning operation, these errors accumulate after multiple positioning operations, leading to significant deviations between the actual drilled hole positions and the designed positions. This is especially true for holes far from the initial positioning reference, where the positional error may exceed the allowable range, affecting the performance of the tube sheet. To improve drilling efficiency and accuracy, some companies have begun to try using CNC drilling machines for tube sheet drilling. Although CNC drilling machines can automatically complete drilling of multiple holes, the equipment costs are high, placing a significant investment burden on small and medium-sized enterprises. Furthermore, the programming and operation of CNC drilling machines require professional technicians, increasing personnel training costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the market for a tube sheet drilling solution that is low-cost, easy to operate, and can significantly improve drilling efficiency and accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure for a tube sheet drilling device, which can solve the problem that existing tube sheet drilling devices require repeated single-point positioning and drilling operations when drilling multiple holes, and can only drill one hole at a time, resulting in low drilling efficiency. Moreover, multiple positioning can easily accumulate positioning errors, making it difficult to guarantee the drilling position accuracy. Especially when a large number of holes need to be drilled on the tube sheet and the relative position accuracy between these holes is required to be high, the traditional method of drilling holes one by one not only consumes a lot of time, but also makes it difficult to ensure that the positional relationship between all holes meets the design requirements, affecting the processing quality of the tube sheet and the subsequent assembly accuracy.

[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0005] This utility model provides a multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure for a tube sheet drilling device, comprising a template body and a positioning component. The template body is a plate-shaped structure with multiple guide holes penetrating the thickness of the template body. The guide holes are arranged in a matrix, and a guide sleeve is embedded in each guide hole. The inner wall surface of the guide sleeve is cylindrical. The positioning component includes at least three positioning protrusions. The positioning protrusions extend downward from the lower surface of the template body, and the lower end face of the positioning protrusion is a positioning contact surface. The positioning protrusions are distributed along the peripheral area of ​​the lower surface of the template body.

[0006] The technical advantages of the multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of the tube sheet drilling device provided by this utility model are as follows: By opening multiple guide holes arranged in a matrix on the template body and embedding guide sleeves in each guide hole, a guide channel for multi-axis synchronous drilling is formed, ensuring that multiple drill bits can simultaneously and accurately drill the tube sheet, avoiding the tedious process of traditional one-by-one positioning drilling. At least three positioning protrusions of the positioning component extend downward from the lower surface of the template body to form positioning contact with the surface of the tube sheet, so that the template body can be stably positioned at a predetermined position on the surface of the tube sheet, preventing the template from shifting during the drilling process, thereby ensuring the accuracy and consistency of all drilling positions and improving the processing efficiency and quality of tube sheet drilling.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of the tube sheet drilling device of this utility model can be further improved as follows:

[0008] The outer wall surface of the guide sleeve is cylindrical, and the guide sleeve is embedded in the guide hole by an interference fit. The fit tolerance between the outer diameter of the guide sleeve and the diameter of the guide hole is a transition fit.

[0009] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by designing the outer wall surface of the guide sleeve as a cylindrical surface and embedding it into the guide hole with an interference fit, a firm connection is formed between the guide sleeve and the template body, preventing the guide sleeve from loosening or falling off due to the axial and radial forces of the drill bit during drilling operations. This ensures that the guide sleeve can continuously and stably provide precise guidance for the drill bit. At the same time, the tolerance design of the transition fit makes the installation, disassembly and replacement of the guide sleeve more convenient, which is conducive to the maintenance of the template structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper end face of the guide sleeve is flush with the upper surface of the template body, and the lower end face of the guide sleeve protrudes downward from the lower surface of the template body, with the height of the protruding part being less than the height of the positioning protrusion extending downward from the lower surface of the template body.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by making the upper end face of the guide sleeve flush with the upper surface of the template body, the upper end face of the guide sleeve is prevented from being higher than the upper surface of the template body, thus avoiding interference or collision with the drill bit entering the guide sleeve. This ensures that the drill bit can smoothly enter the interior of the guide sleeve. By making the lower end face of the guide sleeve protrude downward from the lower surface of the template body and the protrusion height is less than the extension height of the positioning protrusion, the lower end of the guide sleeve can be closer to the surface of the tube sheet, thereby shortening the free length of the drill bit before it is guided, improving the positioning accuracy when the drill bit initially contacts the tube sheet, and at the same time, it will not cause the template body to tilt due to excessive protrusion and contacting the tube sheet before the positioning protrusion.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer contour of the template body is rectangular, and through holes are respectively opened at the four corners of the template body. The through holes are used to insert fasteners to fix the template body to the surface of the tube sheet.

[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by designing the outer contour of the template body as a rectangle and opening through holes at the four corners, the template body can be firmly fixed to the tube sheet surface by fasteners inserted in the through holes, preventing the template from rotating or displacing due to the rotational torque and axial cutting force of the drill bit during the drilling process. The rectangular outer contour gives the template body better structural stability, and the distribution of through holes at the four corners allows the fastening force to be applied evenly to the template body, ensuring that the entire template body is tightly attached to the tube sheet surface, further improving the accuracy of the drilling position.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning protrusion is cylindrical in shape, the axis of the positioning protrusion is perpendicular to the lower surface of the template body, the positioning contact surface is a plane, and the area of ​​the positioning contact surface is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the positioning protrusion.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by designing the positioning protrusion as a cylindrical shape with its axis perpendicular to the lower surface of the template body, the positioning protrusion has a regular geometric shape, which facilitates processing, manufacturing, and quality control. By designing the positioning contact surface as a plane with an area smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the positioning protrusion, the positioning protrusion can form a stable point contact or small area contact when it contacts the existing positioning holes or positioning marks on the tube sheet surface. This reduces poor contact between the positioning protrusion and the tube sheet surface caused by surface roughness or flatness errors, and improves the reliability and accuracy of positioning. At the same time, the cylindrical shape of the positioning protrusion also makes it easy to insert into the existing circular positioning holes on the tube sheet to achieve precise positioning.

[0016] Furthermore, the positioning protrusion and the template body are integrally formed, and a rounded transition is formed between the side wall of the positioning protrusion and the lower surface of the template body. The radius of curvature of the rounded transition is 1 / 10 to 1 / 5 of the diameter of the positioning protrusion.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by designing the positioning protrusion and the template body as an integral molding structure, the connection gap between the positioning protrusion and the template body is eliminated, avoiding insufficient connection strength or deviation in connection position accuracy caused by welding or threaded connection, improving the load-bearing capacity and service life of the positioning protrusion. By forming a rounded transition between the side wall of the positioning protrusion and the lower surface of the template body, the sharp right-angle edge is eliminated, stress concentration is reduced, the bending resistance of the root of the positioning protrusion is enhanced, and the positioning protrusion is prevented from breaking when subjected to lateral force. At the same time, the rounded transition also makes the template structure more aesthetically pleasing.

[0018] Furthermore, the diameter of the guide hole remains constant along the thickness direction of the template body, the axes of the guide holes are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the upper surface of the template body, and the center distance between adjacent guide holes is equal.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: By keeping the diameter of the guide hole constant along the thickness direction of the template body, the inner wall of the guide hole is ensured to form a standard cylindrical surface, so that the guide sleeve embedded therein can maintain a uniform fit with the guide hole throughout the entire length range, avoiding the guide sleeve installation skew or local stress concentration caused by the change of hole diameter; by making the axes of the guide holes parallel to each other and perpendicular to the upper surface of the template body, it is ensured that the feed direction of all drill bits is consistent and perpendicular to the tube sheet surface during drilling, avoiding drilling tilt or drilling position offset; by making the center distance between adjacent guide holes equal, the regular arrangement of drilling positions is achieved, meeting the process requirement of uniform distribution of drilling positions on the tube sheet.

[0020] Furthermore, the wall thickness of the guide sleeve remains uniform along its axial direction, the inner hole of the guide sleeve is axially continuous, and the inner wall surface of the guide sleeve has a smooth surface that has been ground.

[0021] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by keeping the wall thickness of the guide sleeve uniform along its axial direction, the guide sleeve has consistent strength and rigidity along its entire length, avoiding deformation or damage to local weak areas caused by uneven wall thickness during drilling operations; by making the inner hole of the guide sleeve axially continuous, a complete and continuous guiding channel is provided for the drill bit, preventing the drill bit from being obstructed when passing through the guide sleeve; by making the inner wall surface of the guide sleeve have a smooth surface after grinding, the frictional resistance between the drill bit and the inner wall of the guide sleeve is reduced, the wear rate of the drill bit is reduced, and vibration during the drilling process is also reduced, thus improving the surface quality of the drilled hole.

[0022] Furthermore, the template body is made of steel, and the guide sleeve is made of quenched alloy steel, with the guide sleeve having a higher hardness than the template body.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by using steel to make the template body, the template body has sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand various forces during the drilling operation, preventing the template body from bending and deforming. By using alloy steel that has undergone quenching treatment to make the guide sleeve and making its hardness higher than that of the template body, the guide sleeve has higher wear resistance and can withstand the high-speed rotation friction of the drill bit for a long time without significant wear, thus extending the service life of the guide sleeve and reducing the decrease in guiding accuracy caused by the wear of the guide sleeve. At the same time, the alloy steel material also has good impact resistance and can withstand the impact load generated by the drill bit during the drilling process.

[0024] Furthermore, the thickness of the template body is greater than the length of the guide sleeve, and there are four positioning protrusions. The four positioning protrusions are located in the four corner areas of the lower surface of the template body, and the distribution of the positioning protrusions corresponds to the positions of the four through holes.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: by making the thickness of the template body greater than the length of the guide sleeve, it is ensured that the guide sleeve is completely embedded in the template body without penetrating it, providing sufficient installation space and support for the guide sleeve. By setting the number of positioning protrusions to four and placing them in the four corner areas of the lower surface of the template body, four-point positioning support is formed, enabling the template body to be stably placed on the tube sheet surface without shaking. By making the distribution position of the positioning protrusions correspond to the position of the four through holes, the positioning and fastening functions are coordinated, allowing the template to be quickly fixed by the fasteners in the corresponding positions after positioning, simplifying the operation process and improving work efficiency.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of the tube sheet drilling device provided by this utility model are as follows: This utility model, by designing a template body structure with multiple guide holes arranged in a matrix and embedding a guide sleeve in each guide hole, enables multiple drill bits to perform drilling operations simultaneously, changing the traditional method of drilling one hole at a time to a multi-axis synchronous drilling method, which greatly improves drilling efficiency. Drilling operations that originally required multiple steps can be completed simultaneously after a single positioning, saving a significant amount of processing time and labor costs. Through the reliable positioning contact between the multiple positioning protrusions of the positioning component and the tube sheet surface, it ensures that the template body can be accurately positioned at the predetermined position on the tube sheet, eliminating the cumulative errors caused by multiple positioning operations. This ensures that the relative positional relationship of all drilling positions is entirely determined by the template body. The distribution of the upper guide holes ensures high precision in drilling position. The guide sleeve provides precise guidance for the drill bit, preventing it from shifting or tilting during drilling, thus improving the verticality and diameter accuracy of the drilling. By setting through holes at the four corners of the template body and using fasteners to firmly fix the template to the tube sheet surface, displacement or rotation of the template due to the cutting force and torque of the drill bit during drilling is effectively prevented, further ensuring the accuracy of the drilling position. By adopting appropriate materials and structural design, the template structure has sufficient strength and durability, enabling long-term repeated use without deformation or damage, reducing usage costs. Overall, it solves the technical problems of low efficiency and difficulty in guaranteeing accuracy in traditional tube sheet drilling methods, realizing high-efficiency and high-precision multi-position drilling processing of tube sheets. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure for a tube sheet drilling device;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the template body.

[0030] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0031] 10. Template body; 11. Guide hole; 12. Guide sleeve; 20. Positioning component; 21. Positioning protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1-2 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of a tube sheet drilling device provided by this utility model. The figure includes a template body 10 and a positioning component 20. The template body is a plate-shaped structure with multiple guide holes 11 penetrating the thickness of the template body. The guide holes are arranged in a matrix. Each guide hole is fitted with a guide sleeve 12. The inner wall surface of the guide sleeve is cylindrical. The positioning component includes at least three positioning protrusions 21. The positioning protrusions extend downward from the lower surface of the template body. The lower end surface of the positioning protrusion is the positioning contact surface. The positioning protrusions are distributed along the periphery of the lower surface of the template body.

[0034] In the above technical solution, the outer wall surface of the guide sleeve is cylindrical, and the guide sleeve is embedded in the guide hole by interference fit. The fit tolerance between the outer diameter of the guide sleeve and the diameter of the guide hole is a transition fit.

[0035] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the upper end face of the guide sleeve is flush with the upper surface of the template body, and the lower end face of the guide sleeve protrudes downward from the lower surface of the template body, with the height of the protruding part being less than the height of the positioning protrusion extending downward from the lower surface of the template body.

[0036] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the outer contour of the template body is rectangular, and through holes are respectively opened at the four corners of the template body. The through holes are used to insert fasteners to fix the template body to the surface of the tube sheet.

[0037] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the positioning protrusion is cylindrical in shape, the axis of the positioning protrusion is perpendicular to the lower surface of the template body, the positioning contact surface is a plane, and the area of ​​the positioning contact surface is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the positioning protrusion.

[0038] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the positioning protrusion and the template body are integrally formed, and a rounded transition is formed between the side wall of the positioning protrusion and the lower surface of the template body. The radius of curvature of the rounded transition is 1 / 10 to 1 / 5 of the diameter of the positioning protrusion.

[0039] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the diameter of the guide hole remains constant along the thickness direction of the template body, the axes of the guide holes are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the upper surface of the template body, and the center distance between adjacent guide holes is equal.

[0040] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the wall thickness of the guide sleeve remains uniform along its axial direction, the inner hole of the guide sleeve is axially continuous, and the inner wall surface of the guide sleeve has a smooth surface that has been ground.

[0041] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the template body is made of steel, and the guide sleeve is made of alloy steel after quenching treatment. The hardness of the guide sleeve is higher than that of the template body.

[0042] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the thickness of the template body is greater than the length of the guide sleeve, and there are 4 positioning protrusions. The 4 positioning protrusions are located in the four corner areas of the lower surface of the template body, and the distribution of the positioning protrusions corresponds to the positions of the four through holes.

[0043] The following is a specific embodiment 1 of this utility model: This embodiment provides a multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure for drilling holes in tube sheets with a diameter of 800mm. The template body is made of 45# carbon structural steel plate with a thickness of 25mm and is machined by a CNC milling machine. The outer contour of the template body is a square with a side length of 700mm. 36 guide holes are machined on the template body according to the hole distribution requirements of the tube sheet. The guide holes are arranged in a matrix of 6 rows and 6 columns, with a center distance of 100mm between adjacent guide holes. The diameter of each guide hole is 32mm. The guide holes penetrate the entire thickness of the template body, and the axis of the guide holes is perpendicular to the upper and lower surfaces of the template body. The guide sleeve is made of 40Cr alloy steel and is heat-treated by tempering before... Made through quenching treatment, the hardness after quenching reaches HRC52 to HRC56. The guide sleeve is a cylindrical part with an outer diameter of 32.02mm, an inner diameter of 26mm, a length of 20mm, and a wall thickness of 3.01mm. The inner hole of the guide sleeve is precision ground, and the surface roughness of the inner wall reaches Ra0.8 micrometers. The guide sleeve and the guide hole adopt an interference fit of H7 and r6. The guide sleeve is pressed into the guide hole by a press. After pressing, the upper end face of the guide sleeve is flush with the upper surface of the template body, and the lower end face protrudes 5mm from the lower surface of the template body. Four positioning protrusions are machined in the four corner areas of the lower surface of the template body. The positioning protrusions are integrally formed with the template body and are machined by milling. A protrusion is milled into the lower surface of the template body to form a positioning protrusion. The positioning protrusion is cylindrical with a diameter of 20mm and extends downwards from the lower surface of the template body by 8mm. The lower end face of the positioning protrusion is flat with a diameter of 18mm. The sidewall of the positioning protrusion forms a rounded transition with the lower surface of the template body, with a rounded radius of 2mm. 10mm diameter through holes are drilled at the four corners of the template body, with the center of each through hole 30mm from the edge of the template body. These through holes are for inserting M8 bolts. In use, the template body is placed on the tube sheet surface, and the four positioning protrusions are inserted into the pre-drilled positioning holes on the tube sheet. The template body is then secured to the tube sheet surface with bolts and washers. Six small vertical [types / units] are included. The drilling machine inserts its drill bit into the six guide sleeves in the front row, starts drilling simultaneously, and moves the drilling machine to the second row after the first row is completed, continuing drilling in sequence to complete all 36 holes. The hole diameter is 25mm, using twist drill bits. The guide section of the drill bit is precisely guided by the guide sleeves to ensure that the drill bit enters the tube sheet vertically. After drilling, the hole position accuracy is measured, and the hole center position error is controlled within 0.05mm, and the hole perpendicularity error is less than 0.1°. Compared with the traditional method of drilling holes one by one, the drilling efficiency is increased by more than 5 times and the hole position accuracy is increased by 3 times after using this template structure. After 100 consecutive uses, the inner wall of the guide sleeve only shows slight wear marks and can still maintain good guiding accuracy.

[0044] The following is another specific embodiment 2 of this utility model: Embodiment 2 is based on Embodiment 1, but the shape of the positioning protrusion is changed from a cylinder to a frustum. The upper bottom surface of the frustum is connected to the lower surface of the template body. The diameter of the upper bottom surface is 20mm, the diameter of the lower bottom surface is 15mm, the height of the frustum is 8mm, and the angle between the cone surface and the axis is 10°. The lower bottom surface of the frustum serves as the positioning contact surface. With the frustum-shaped positioning protrusion, when the template body is placed on the tube sheet surface, the positioning protrusion can be more easily inserted into the positioning hole of the tube sheet, and the cone surface acts as a guide. Even if there is a slight deviation between the initial position and the target position of the template body, the positioning bump can automatically adjust its position during insertion by contacting the conical surface with the positioning hole wall, achieving precise centering. At the same time, the frustum-shaped structure makes the root area of ​​the positioning bump larger, which enhances the bending strength of the positioning bump and makes it less prone to deformation when subjected to lateral forces during drilling, further improving the reliability of positioning. The template structure using frustum-shaped positioning bumps performs better in rapid positioning, reducing positioning time by about 30%, making it particularly suitable for mass production occasions that require frequent positioning changes.

[0045] The following is another specific embodiment 3 of this utility model: Embodiment 3 is based on Embodiment 1, with an additional flange structure added to the outer side of the lower end of the guide sleeve. The flange is annular, with an outer diameter of 40mm and a thickness of 3mm. The flange is located 2mm above the lower end face of the guide sleeve, and its lower surface is flush with the lower surface of the template body. The lower part of the guide hole is enlarged to form an annular groove to accommodate the flange. The depth of the annular groove is 3mm, and its inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the flange to form a clearance fit. When the guide sleeve is pressed into the guide hole, the flange is embedded in the annular groove. The presence of the flange increases the contact area between the guide sleeve and the template body, significantly improving the guide sleeve's ability to withstand axial tensile forces. This prevents the guide sleeve from being pulled out due to friction between the drill bit and the inner wall of the guide sleeve when the drill bit is withdrawn. At the same time, the flange can also bear part of the radial load, reducing the stress on the guide sleeve wall and extending the service life of the guide sleeve. When performing deep hole drilling or using larger diameter drill bits, the guide sleeve with the flange structure exhibits better stability and durability. Tests have shown that the service life of the guide sleeve with the flange structure is more than 40% longer than that of the ordinary guide sleeve.

[0046] Specifically, the principle of this utility model is as follows: Multiple guide holes on the template body are precisely arranged according to the hole positions to be drilled on the tube sheet. The positional relationship of the guide holes is completely consistent with the positional relationship of the target holes on the tube sheet. When the template body is accurately positioned on the tube sheet surface by the positioning component, the axis of each guide hole is aligned with the center of its corresponding target hole position on the tube sheet. At this time, the drill bit is inserted into the guide sleeve. The inner wall of the guide sleeve forms a radial constraint on the drill bit, ensuring that the drill bit can only move along the axial direction of the guide hole and cannot deviate radially. Since the axes of all guide holes are perpendicular to the upper surface of the template body and parallel to each other, all drill bits maintain a perpendicular posture to the tube sheet surface during drilling, avoiding drilling deviation caused by drill bit tilting. The positioning protrusion extends downward from the lower surface of the template body and contacts the positioning reference on the tube sheet surface, forming stable support and positioning, preventing the template body from shifting horizontally. When multiple drill bits work simultaneously, each drill bit is subjected to corresponding... The precise guidance of the guide sleeve prevents interference between drill bits, enabling synchronous drilling and transforming traditional serial drilling into parallel drilling. The guide sleeve is embedded in the guide hole with an interference fit, forming an integrated structure with the template body. The guide sleeve withstands the radial and axial forces of the drill bit, while the template body provides sufficient support through its greater thickness and rigidity, preventing deformation. Made of a harder material, the guide sleeve can withstand drill bit friction for extended periods while maintaining internal hole dimensional accuracy, ensuring that guiding accuracy does not decrease due to wear. Through-holes at the four corners of the template, fasteners secure it to the tube sheet, generating sufficient friction between the template and the tube sheet to resist the reaction torque generated during drill bit rotation and prevent template rotation. This entire technical solution, through precise mechanical structure design and reasonable material selection, achieves high-efficiency, high-precision multi-position drilling of tube sheets without relying on complex CNC systems or expensive equipment.

[0047] In use, firstly, according to the hole distribution drawing of the tube sheet to be processed, process the corresponding number and position of guide holes on the template body according to the same positional relationship. Then, press or hammer the guide sleeves into the guide holes one by one to ensure that the guide sleeves and guide holes form an interference fit. Next, place the processed template body on the surface of the tube sheet to be drilled, aligning the positioning protrusions with the pre-set positioning reference holes or positioning marks on the tube sheet. Adjust the position of the template body to accurately position it. Then, insert bolts or other fasteners into the through holes at the four corners of the template body and tighten the fasteners to firmly fix the template body to the surface of the tube sheet. After positioning and fixing are completed, equip the template body with the corresponding number of drilling machines or drilling tools according to the number of guide holes. The equipment is used to align the drill bits of each drilling machine with the corresponding guide sleeves and insert them. The drilling machines are started to make the drill bits rotate and feed slowly. Under the guidance of the guide sleeves, the drill bits drill vertically downwards into the tube sheet. When the drill bits have completely penetrated the thickness of the tube sheet, the feed is stopped and the drill bits are withdrawn. After all drilling is completed synchronously, the fasteners are loosened, and the template body is removed from the surface of the tube sheet. The drilled holes are checked to see if they meet the design requirements. If drilling is required in other locations, the template body is repositioned and the above operation is repeated. After the drilling operation is completed, the template body and guide sleeves are cleaned and inspected to remove chips and oil stains. The inner wall of the guide sleeve is checked for wear. If there is severe wear, the guide sleeve is replaced to ensure that the template structure can continue to be used.

Claims

1. A multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure for a tube sheet drilling device, characterized in that, The device includes a template body and a positioning component. The template body is a plate-shaped structure with multiple guide holes penetrating the thickness of the template body. The guide holes are arranged in a matrix, and a guide sleeve is embedded in each guide hole. The inner wall surface of the guide sleeve is cylindrical. The positioning component includes at least three positioning protrusions. The positioning protrusions extend downward from the lower surface of the template body, and the lower end face of the positioning protrusion is the positioning contact surface. The positioning protrusions are distributed along the peripheral area of ​​the lower surface of the template body.

2. The multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of the tube sheet drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall surface of the guide sleeve is cylindrical. The guide sleeve is embedded in the guide hole by an interference fit. The fit tolerance between the outer diameter of the guide sleeve and the diameter of the guide hole is a transition fit.

3. The multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of the tube sheet drilling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper end face of the guide sleeve is flush with the upper surface of the template body, and the lower end face of the guide sleeve protrudes downward from the lower surface of the template body. The height of the protruding part is less than the height of the positioning protrusion extending downward from the lower surface of the template body.

4. The multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of the tube sheet drilling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer contour of the template body is rectangular, and through holes are provided at the four corners of the template body. The through holes are used to insert fasteners to fix the template body to the surface of the tube sheet.

5. The multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of the tube sheet drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning protrusion is cylindrical in shape, and its axis is perpendicular to the lower surface of the template body. The positioning contact surface is a plane, and the area of ​​the positioning contact surface is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the positioning protrusion.

6. The multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of the tube sheet drilling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positioning protrusion and the template body are integrally formed. The side wall of the positioning protrusion and the lower surface of the template body form a rounded transition. The radius of curvature of the rounded transition is 1 / 10 to 1 / 5 of the diameter of the positioning protrusion.

7. The multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of the tube sheet drilling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The diameter of the guide hole remains constant along the thickness direction of the template body, the axes of the guide holes are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the upper surface of the template body, and the center distance between adjacent guide holes is equal.

8. The multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of the tube sheet drilling device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The guide sleeve has a uniform wall thickness along its axial direction, the inner hole of the guide sleeve is axially continuous, and the inner wall surface of the guide sleeve has a smooth surface that has been ground.

9. The multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of the tube sheet drilling device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The template body is made of steel, and the guide sleeve is made of quenched alloy steel. The hardness of the guide sleeve is higher than that of the template body.

10. The multi-axis synchronous drilling template structure of the tube sheet drilling device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thickness of the template body is greater than the length of the guide sleeve. There are four positioning protrusions, which are located at the four corners of the lower surface of the template body. The distribution of the positioning protrusions corresponds to the positions of the four through holes.

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