Positioning and clamping assembly and vertical slotter

Abstract

The utility model discloses a positioning clamping assembly and vertical planing and grooving machine belongs to planing and grooving machine technical field, this positioning clamping mechanism includes frame, workstation, front end positioning board and floating support subassembly, wherein: workstation is fixed in the middle part of frame, is used for bearing the workpiece of waiting for processing, front end positioning board is fixed in the front end of workstation, is used for positioning spacing to the front end of workpiece, ensures the consistency of workpiece placement position, floating support subassembly sets up in the top of workstation, is used for carrying out elastic support to the middle part or rear part of workpiece, and it includes guide pillar and support beam, and support beam is connected with frame through guide pillar and can float along the vertical direction, can adjust the support height according to the thickness of workpiece, the outside of guide pillar is equipped with buffer spring, and the both ends of buffer spring are respectively with support beam and frame abut, and buffer spring can provide elastic buffer for support beam, when planing tool processes workpiece and produces vibration, effectively absorbs vibration energy, reduces the influence of vibration to machining accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of grooving machine technology, and more specifically, relates to a positioning and clamping component and a vertical grooving machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the metal processing industry, grooving machines are key equipment for achieving high-precision grooving of metal sheets, and are widely used in the production of stainless steel doors, elevator cars, decorative curtain walls, and other products. Vertical grooving machines, due to their small footprint and ease of operation, have become the mainstream choice for small- to medium-batch processing.

[0003] A search revealed that patent document CN110328399A discloses a novel vertical grooving machine, comprising a frame, a worktable mounted on the frame, several pressure plates mounted on the upper part of the worktable, guide rails mounted on the upper part of the pressure plates, a tool holder moving along the guide rails on the frame, several planing blades mounted on the tool holder, each blade having a different height, an electronic tool setter mounted on the right side of the worktable, an automatic tool sharpening machine mounted on the right side of the frame, and a rear stop mechanism mounted on the rear side of the frame, the clamping lower plate of the rear stop mechanism extending into a groove on the worktable, the groove being located on the worktable between two pressure plates.

[0004] However, the aforementioned vertical grooving machine has shortcomings in practical applications: limited processing accuracy; due to the unreasonable design of the parallelism adjustment mechanism between the cutter shaft and the worktable, the grooving depth is inconsistent and the verticality deviation of the groove opening is large, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision processing. Utility Model Content

[0005] 1. Technical problems to be solved In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a positioning and clamping component and a vertical grooving machine to achieve precise positioning and stable clamping of workpieces, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of grooving processing.

[0006] 2. Technical Solution To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] The positioning and clamping mechanism of this utility model includes a frame, a worktable, a front positioning plate, and a floating support assembly; wherein: The worktable is fixed in the middle of the frame and is used to support the workpiece to be processed; the front positioning plate is fixed in the front end of the worktable and is used to position and limit the front end of the workpiece to ensure the consistency of the workpiece placement position. The floating support assembly is positioned above the worktable and is used to provide elastic support for the middle or rear of the workpiece. It includes guide columns and support beams. The support beams are connected to the machine frame via the guide columns and can float vertically. The support height can be adaptively adjusted according to the thickness of the workpiece to ensure stable support. A buffer spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide column. The two ends of the buffer springs abut against the support beam and the machine frame, respectively. The buffer springs provide elastic buffering for the support beams and effectively absorb vibration energy when the planer vibrates during workpiece machining, reducing the impact of vibration on machining accuracy.

[0008] In one possible embodiment of this utility model, a leveling cup is provided at the bottom of the frame. By adjusting the leveling cup, the frame can be leveled to ensure the overall stability of the equipment and avoid processing deviations caused by frame tilt. A horizontal guide rail is provided at the top of the frame. The surface of the guide rail is hardened. The hardening treatment can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the guide rail, extend the service life of the guide rail, and at the same time ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the sliding seat along the guide rail.

[0009] This utility model also provides a vertical grooving machine, including a grooving mechanism and the above-mentioned positioning and clamping assembly; wherein: The grooving mechanism includes a movable base, a cutter shaft assembly, and a drive unit. The movable base is slidably connected to a horizontal guide rail on the top of the frame. The drive unit includes a rack and pinion transmission mechanism and a servo motor mounted on the movable base. The servo motor drives the rack and pinion transmission mechanism to operate, enabling the movable base to move precisely along the horizontal guide rail, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the grooving position. The cutter shaft assembly includes a cutter holder and a planer blade. The cutter holders are evenly distributed along the axial direction on the movable base, and planer blades can be installed at different cutter holder mounting positions according to processing requirements, realizing multi-position and multi-specification grooving processing.

[0010] This invention solves the problems of low processing efficiency in existing technologies, the fact that traditional equipment is mostly designed with a single cutter head and can only complete one groove processing at a time, requiring multiple positioning and clamping for multi-groove workpieces, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to errors due to repeated positioning; as well as insufficient safety, with the cutter head exposed, metal chips flying during processing, which can easily cause injury to operators, and the lack of an effective workpiece anti-loosening mechanism, resulting in a high risk of workpiece displacement during high-speed processing.

[0011] In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the vertical grooving machine further includes a chip collection mechanism, which includes a chip collection trough disposed below the worktable, the chip collection trough being inclined; the metal chips generated during processing fall into the inclined chip collection trough under the action of gravity and slide down along the inclined surface of the chip collection trough.

[0012] In one possible embodiment of this utility model, the tool holder mounting positions are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the tool shaft, and the distance between adjacent tool holder mounting positions is 50-100mm. This distance range can adapt to the processing requirements of most conventional grooves. Depending on the width of the groove, a planer can be installed on a tool holder mounting position with a suitable distance, thus improving the versatility of the grooving mechanism.

[0013] 3. Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: (1) The vertical grooving machine of this utility model adopts a multi-tool holder design, which can install planing tools on multiple tool holder mounting positions according to processing requirements, realize multi-position and multi-specification grooving processing, and eliminate the need for multiple positioning and clamping of workpieces. This solves the problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive processing of multi-grooving workpieces by traditional single-tool head equipment, and effectively improves processing efficiency. (2) The vertical grooving machine of this utility model achieves precise positioning of the front end of the workpiece through the front positioning plate, and the elastic support and vibration absorption of the floating support component achieves all-round stable positioning and clamping of the workpiece, effectively preventing the workpiece from shifting during processing; at the same time, the servo motor drives the rack and pinion transmission mechanism to move the moving seat precisely, ensuring the precise adjustment of the grooving position, avoiding repeated positioning errors and the impact of vibration on processing accuracy, and improving processing quality. (3) The vertical grooving machine of this utility model is equipped with a chip collection mechanism, which can efficiently collect the metal chips generated during processing and avoid chip splashing that could cause injury to the operator; at the same time, the all-round positioning and clamping structure effectively prevents the workpiece from shifting during high-speed processing, reduces processing risks, and improves the safety of equipment use. (4) The vertical grooving machine of this utility model adopts an equal spacing design of 50-100mm for the tool holder installation position, which can be adapted to the processing needs of most conventional grooves. The appropriate tool holder can be selected according to the width of the grooves to install the planing tool, thereby improving the applicability of the equipment. The leveling feet at the bottom of the frame can achieve horizontal calibration, thereby improving the adaptability of the equipment in different installation environments. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioning and clamping mechanism of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vertical grooving machine of this utility model from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a side view of the vertical grooving machine of this utility model; Figure 4 This is the front view of the vertical grooving machine of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a rear view of the vertical grooving machine of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a top view of the vertical grooving machine of this utility model.

[0015] Explanation of markings in the diagram: 1. Frame; 11. Leveling feet; 12. Horizontal guide rail; 2. Workbench; 3. Grooving mechanism; 31. Moving base; 32. Cutter shaft assembly; 321. Cutter holder; 322. Planer cutter; 33. Drive unit; 331. Rack and pinion transmission mechanism; 332. Servo motor; 4. Positioning and clamping mechanism; 41. Front positioning plate; 42. Floating support assembly; 421. Guide column; 422. Support beam; 423. Buffer spring; 5. Debris collection mechanism; 51. Debris collection trough. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To further understand the content of this utility model, a detailed description of this utility model will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0017] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the vertical grooving machine of this embodiment achieves precise positioning and stable clamping of the workpiece through the optimized positioning and clamping mechanism 4, and improves processing efficiency in conjunction with the multi-head grooving mechanism 3. At the same time, the addition of the chip collection mechanism 5 ensures a clean processing environment and safe operation, effectively solving the problems of low processing efficiency, insufficient safety and poor processing accuracy in the prior art.

[0020] Specifically, the vertical grooving machine includes a positioning and clamping mechanism 4, a grooving mechanism 3, a chip collection mechanism 5, and a frame 1. The positioning and clamping mechanism 4 is integrated on the frame 1 and is used to achieve precise positioning and clamping of the workpiece to be processed in all directions. The grooving mechanism 3 can move along the guide rail at the top of the frame 1 to achieve grooving processing in multiple positions and with multiple specifications. The chip collection mechanism 5 is used to collect metal chips generated during processing in a timely manner to avoid chip accumulation affecting the processing.

[0021] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, the positioning and clamping mechanism 4 includes a worktable 2, a front positioning plate 41, and a floating support assembly 42. The frame 1 serves as the installation base for the entire equipment, and its bottom is equipped with leveling feet 11. By rotating the leveling feet 11, the height of each support point of the frame 1 can be adjusted, thereby achieving horizontal calibration of the frame 1, ensuring the overall stability of the equipment, and avoiding deviations during processing due to tilting of the frame 1. The top of the frame 1 is equipped with a horizontal guide rail 12. The surface of the guide rail is hardened, which significantly improves the hardness and wear resistance of the guide rail, extending its service life and ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the subsequent sliding of the moving seat 31 along the guide rail.

[0022] Combination Figure 2 As shown, the workbench 2 is fixed in the middle of the frame 1 to support the workpiece to be processed. The front positioning plate 41 is fixed in the front end of the workbench 2 to position and limit the front end of the workpiece, ensuring the consistency of the workpiece placement position during each processing, and providing basic positioning guarantee for subsequent precise grooving.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the floating support assembly 42 is positioned above the worktable 2 to provide elastic support for the middle or rear of the workpiece, adapting to workpieces of different thicknesses and ensuring support stability. The floating support assembly 42 includes guide posts 421 and support beams 422. The support beam 422 is connected to the frame 1 via the guide posts 421, and can float vertically along the axial direction of the guide posts 421. This allows for adaptive adjustment of the support height according to the workpiece thickness, ensuring a comprehensive fit for workpieces of varying thicknesses. A buffer spring 423 is sleeved on the outer side of the guide posts 421. The two ends of the buffer spring 423 abut against the support beam 422 and the frame 1, respectively. When the planer 322 vibrates during workpiece processing, the buffer spring 423 provides elastic buffering, effectively absorbing vibration energy and reducing the impact of vibration on processing accuracy. It also prevents the workpiece from loosening due to vibration.

[0024] exist Figure 4 In this design, the grooving mechanism 3 includes a movable base 31, a cutter shaft assembly 32, and a drive unit 33. The movable base 31 is slidably engaged with the horizontal guide rail 12 at the top of the frame 1. The drive unit 33 consists of a rack and pinion transmission mechanism 331 and a servo motor 332. The servo motor 332 is mounted on the movable base 31, and the rack and pinion transmission mechanism 331 is connected to the movable base 31 and the frame 1 for transmission. During operation, the servo motor 332 starts and drives the rack and pinion transmission mechanism 331 to operate. Through the meshing transmission of the rack and pinion transmission mechanism 331, the movable base 31 is driven to move precisely back and forth along the horizontal guide rail 12, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the grooving position and meeting the grooving requirements of different positions.

[0025] Furthermore, the cutter shaft assembly 32 includes a tool holder 321 and a planer 322. The mounting positions of the tool holders 321 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the cutter shaft, and the spacing between adjacent mounting positions of the tool holders 321 is set to 50-100mm. This spacing range can adapt to the machining requirements of most conventional grooves. In actual machining, the planer 322 can be installed on the corresponding mounting positions of the tool holders 321 according to the width, number, and spacing requirements of the groove to be machined, realizing simultaneous grooving machining of multiple positions and specifications. This eliminates the need for multiple positioning and clamping of workpieces with multiple grooves, greatly improving machining efficiency while avoiding errors caused by repeated positioning.

[0026] In addition, such as Figure 1 As shown, the chip collection mechanism 5 includes a chip collection trough 51 and a dust extraction pipe 52. The chip collection trough 51 is located below the workbench 2 and is arranged at an angle. One end of the dust extraction pipe 52 is connected to the lower end of the chip collection trough 51, and the other end is connected to an external dust collector. During processing, metal chips generated by the planer 322 cutting the workpiece fall into the inclined chip collection trough 51 under the action of gravity. Due to the inclined arrangement of the chip collection trough 51, the chips will automatically slide down along the inclined surface of the chip collection trough 51, avoiding the accumulation of chips under the workbench 2 or in the processing area, and ensuring the smooth progress of the processing.

[0027] In practical application, the vertical grooving machine of this embodiment works as follows: First, the leveling feet 11 at the bottom of the frame 1 are adjusted to calibrate the frame 1 to a horizontal state to ensure stable placement of the equipment; then, the workpiece to be processed is placed on the worktable 2, so that the front end of the workpiece is in contact with the front positioning plate 41 to achieve front-end positioning; at this time, the support beam 422 of the floating support assembly 42, under the elastic action of the buffer spring 423, adaptively adjusts to the support height that is in contact with the bottom of the workpiece according to the thickness of the workpiece, forming elastic support for the middle and rear of the workpiece; the workpiece is fixed on the worktable 2, and with the front positioning plate 41 and the floating support assembly 42, the workpiece is accurately positioned and clamped in all directions to prevent displacement of the workpiece during processing.

[0028] According to the specifications and quantity of the grooves to be processed, the planer 322 is installed on the tool holder 321 mounting position corresponding to the tool shaft assembly 32. The servo motor 332 is started, and the moving seat 31 is moved along the horizontal guide rail 12 to the preset grooving position through the rack and pinion transmission mechanism 331. The grooving mechanism 3 is started, and the planer 322 rotates at high speed to perform grooving on the workpiece. Due to the multi-head synchronous processing design, multiple grooves can be processed at one time without multiple clamping and positioning. The metal chips generated during the processing fall into the inclined chip collection groove 51 below, slide down the inclined surface to the inlet of the dust collection pipe 52, and are sucked into the dust collector for collection under the negative pressure of the dust collector. After processing is completed, the grooving mechanism 3 is closed, the processed workpiece is removed, and one grooving process is completed.

[0029] Through the design of this embodiment, the processing efficiency of the vertical grooving machine is significantly improved. Multi-head synchronous processing can complete the processing of multiple slots at one time, avoiding the tedious operation of multiple clamping and positioning. The workpiece positioning and clamping stability is strong. Combined with the front-end positioning and elastic floating support multi-positioning and clamping structure, it effectively prevents workpiece displacement during high-speed processing and improves processing accuracy. At the same time, the chip collection mechanism 5 realizes efficient chip cleaning. The closed design of the cutter shaft assembly 32, together with the chip collection, avoids metal chip splashing and injury to operators, greatly improving the safety of the processing process.

[0030] The above examples are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Any modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning and clamping assembly, characterized in that, It includes a frame (1), a worktable (2), a front-end positioning plate (41), and a floating support assembly (42), characterized in that, The workbench (2) is fixed to the middle of the frame (1); the front positioning plate (41) is fixed to the front end of the workbench (2); The floating support assembly (42) is located above the workbench (2) and includes a guide column (421) and a support beam (422). The support beam (422) is connected to the frame (1) through the guide column (421) and can float in the vertical direction. A buffer spring (423) is sleeved on the outside of the guide column (421). The two ends of the buffer spring (423) abut against the support beam (422) and the frame (1) respectively.

2. The positioning and clamping assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the frame (1) is provided with leveling feet (11).

3. The positioning and clamping assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the frame (1) is provided with a horizontal guide rail (12), and the surface of the guide rail is hardened.

4. A vertical grooving machine, comprising a grooving mechanism (3) and a positioning and clamping assembly; characterized in that, The positioning and clamping assembly is the positioning and clamping assembly according to any one of claims 1-3; The grooving mechanism (3) includes a movable seat (31), a cutter shaft assembly (32), and a drive unit (33). The movable seat (31) is slidably connected to the horizontal guide rail (12) at the top of the frame (1). The drive unit (33) includes a rack and pinion transmission mechanism (331) and a servo motor (332) mounted on the movable seat (31). The servo motor (332) drives the rack and pinion transmission mechanism (331) to operate, which can drive the movable seat (31) to move precisely along the horizontal guide rail (12). The cutter shaft assembly (32) includes a cutter holder (321) and a planer (322). The cutter holder (321) is evenly distributed on the movable seat along the axial direction.

5. The vertical grooving machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a debris collection mechanism (5), which includes a chip collection groove (51) located below the workbench (2), and the chip collection groove (51) is inclined.

6. The vertical grooving machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tool holders (321) mounting positions are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the tool shaft, and the distance between adjacent tool holders (321) mounting positions is 50-100mm.

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