Focal length adjustable wheel galvanometer laser intensifier device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a focal length adjustable wheel galvanometer laser reinforcing device, including laser control cabinet, fixed base and laser head, be provided with laser generator and system control element in laser control cabinet to transmit laser and control signal to laser head, and laser head passes through connecting mechanism and is installed on fixed base, and fixed base is used for installing and fixing laser head on the track, and connecting mechanism includes focal length adjusting assembly and pitch angle adjusting assembly, and focal length adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the distance of laser beam to the wheel profile surface, and pitch angle adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the angle of laser beam incident wheel profile surface, and laser head is galvanometer laser head, and it is configured as laser spot in the predetermined rectangular work area arbitrary positioning and leap type transfer, is used to form laser reinforcing band on the wheel profile surface in the state of laser head stationary, and its advantage lies in: realize the wheel surface laser reinforcing treatment operation of railway vehicle, and laser pitch angle and focal length can be adjusted quickly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a metal surface laser strengthening device, and more particularly to a wheel galvanometer laser strengthening device with adjustable focal length, used for laser strengthening treatment of the wheel surface of rail vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] During long-term operation, the wheels of rail vehicles (such as trains, subways, and light rail) bear complex mechanical loads and frictional wear as key load-bearing and transmission components. With increasing mileage, wheel surfaces gradually develop wear and fatigue cracks, seriously affecting driving safety and operational efficiency. Traditionally, wheels are repaired or replaced after a certain degree of wear. However, the wheel repair cycle often differs from the overall vehicle overhaul cycle, leading to frequent vehicle downtime and high maintenance costs.

[0003] To improve the wear resistance and service life of wheel surfaces, surface strengthening technology has been gradually introduced into the wheel maintenance field. Laser surface strengthening technology, due to its advantages such as concentrated energy, small heat-affected zone, and significant strengthening effect, has been widely used in the industrial field. Existing technologies already utilize laser technology for strengthening track surfaces; for example, Chinese invention patent CN117947416A discloses an integrated track laser strengthening processing device, which forms a strengthening layer on the track surface through an integrated approach of heating, spraying, and laser treatment.

[0004] However, tracks and wheels differ fundamentally in structure, installation method, and operating environment. Existing laser strengthening equipment for tracks cannot be directly applied to wheel strengthening operations, mainly in the following aspects: 1. Structural incompatibility: The track is relatively stationary, and the laser head moves linearly along the track for operation; however, the wheel is a circular rotating body, which needs to be lifted off the track and rotated for processing. Existing laser enhancement devices cannot achieve stable and precise laser irradiation for rotating wheels. 2. Mismatch in operation methods: The surface of the wheel is a curved structure, and the laser irradiation angle, spot control and spraying coordination all need to be specially designed. Existing laser strengthening devices lack an adaptive laser processing mechanism for the curved surface of the wheel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Given that existing track laser strengthening equipment cannot be directly applied to wheel surface strengthening operations, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a wheel galvanometer laser strengthening device with adjustable focal length, which can achieve stable, precise, and automatically adjustable laser strengthening operations on the curved surface of a rotating wheel, so as to efficiently complete the laser strengthening treatment of the wheel surface.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a laser strengthening device for wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length, including a laser control cabinet, a fixed base and a laser head; The laser control cabinet is equipped with a laser generator and system control components to transmit laser and control signals to the laser head; The laser head is mounted on the fixed base via a connecting mechanism, and the fixed base is used to mount and fix the laser head on the track; The connecting mechanism includes a focal length adjustment component and a pitch angle adjustment component; the focal length adjustment component is used to adjust the distance between the laser beam and the vehicle profile surface; the pitch angle adjustment component is used to adjust the angle at which the laser beam enters the vehicle profile surface. The laser head is a galvanometer laser head, which is configured to allow the laser spot to be arbitrarily positioned and jump around within a predetermined rectangular working area, in order to form a laser enhancement band on the vehicle profile surface when the laser head is stationary.

[0007] The preferred technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problem is that the size of the predetermined rectangular working area is 75mm × 75mm.

[0008] The preferred technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: the pitch angle adjustment assembly includes an angle adjustment plate and a fixed bracket; the angle adjustment plate is fixed on the upper side of the fixed base; The laser head is mounted on the fixed bracket; the fixed bracket is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment plate via a rotating shaft; at least one arc-shaped waist hole is concentrically formed on the angle adjustment plate with the rotating shaft; a locking bolt passes through the arc-shaped waist hole, the locking bolt can move within the arc-shaped waist hole, and is connected to a threaded hole on the fixed bracket; The fixed bracket rotates relative to the angle adjustment plate around the rotating shaft to adjust the pitch angle of the laser head, and the locking bolt is tightened to lock the laser head, which is used to adjust the angle of the laser beam incident on the contour surface of the vehicle.

[0009] The preferred technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: the focus adjustment component includes a lead screw, a slider, and a rotating handle; The fixed bracket is provided with a slide rail, and the slider is slidably mounted on the slide rail; the laser head is fixed to the slider by a mounting plate; The lead screw passes through the slider, and the rotating handle is located at the end of the lead screw; Rotating the rotary handle drives the lead screw to rotate, which in turn moves the slider back and forth along the length of the lead screw and slide rail, thereby moving the laser head closer to or further away from the wheel to adjust the focal length.

[0010] The preferred technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: an air curtain device is installed in front of the laser head to generate and blow out a continuous ribbon-shaped airflow to disperse the smoke and splashes generated during the processing and protect the lens of the laser head from contamination. The direction of the ribbon-shaped airflow generated by the air curtain device is parallel to the lens plane of the laser head and covers the area directly in front of the lens.

[0011] The preferred technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a control panel is installed on the door of the laser control cabinet. The control panel integrates a display screen and operation buttons for displaying system status and inputting operation commands.

[0012] The preferred technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a first clamping block is provided on one side of the fixed base; a quick clamp is provided on the other side of the fixed base, and a second clamping block is provided at the end of the quick clamp; Operate the handle of the quick clamp to control the back-and-forth movement of the second clamping block, which cooperates with the first clamping block to clamp and fix the fixed base on the track.

[0013] The preferred technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: the system control element is configured to receive or generate a jump command after the laser head completes the processing of one circle of laser reinforcement strip on the wheel, and control the laser spot to automatically jump to the starting position of the next laser reinforcement strip, and repeat until a series of annular laser reinforcement strips are formed on the contour surface of the vehicle.

[0014] The preferred technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: the laser control cabinet is connected to the laser head through an optical fiber.

[0015] The preferred technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: it also includes a chiller; The chiller is connected to the laser generator and the laser head in the laser control cabinet through cooling pipes, forming an independent closed-loop cooling system for cooling the laser generator and the laser head.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are: it enables surface laser strengthening treatment of rail vehicle wheels. 1. By using a galvanometer laser head, the laser head does not need to move; only the wheel needs to rotate at a constant speed to complete the operation of forming a series of annular laser-enhanced strips on the vehicle's contour surface. This simplifies the mechanical structure and improves work efficiency.

[0017] 2. The laser head is mounted on a fixed base via a focal length adjustment component and a pitch angle adjustment component. The focal length adjustment component allows for adjustment of the distance between the laser beam and the vehicle contour surface, thereby adjusting the focal length of the laser beam. The pitch angle adjustment component allows for adjustment of the angle at which the laser beam is incident on the vehicle contour surface, balancing the efficiency of laser enhancement processing and the protection of the laser head.

[0018] 3. The focus adjustment assembly and pitch angle adjustment assembly have a simple and compact structure and are easy to operate. They can be used under the carriage of a rail vehicle in a small and cramped space, thereby improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that these drawings are drawn only for the purpose of explaining the preferred embodiments and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, unless specifically indicated, the drawings are only schematic representations of the composition or structure of the described objects and may contain exaggerated depictions, and the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a laser strengthening device for a wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length Figure 1 ; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a laser strengthening device for a wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length Figure 2 ; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion at point A; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a laser strengthening device for a focus-adjustable wheel galvanometer Figure 3 ; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a laser strengthening device for a focus-adjustable wheel galvanometer Figure 4 ; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a laser strengthening device for a focus-adjustable wheel galvanometer Figure 5 ; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a laser strengthening device for a wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length Figure 6 ; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: The components include: a focal length adjustable wheel galvanometer laser strengthening device 100, a laser control cabinet 101, a chiller 102, an optical fiber 103, a connecting mechanism 104, a fixed base 10, a first clamping block 11, a second clamping block 12, a quick clamp 13, a handle 14, a laser head 20, a lens 21, an air curtain device 22, a focal length adjustment component 30, an angle adjustment plate 31, a fixed bracket 32, an arc-shaped waist hole 33, a rotating shaft 34, a locking bolt 35, a pitch angle adjustment component 40, a lead screw 41, a slider 42, a rotating handle 43, a slide rail 44, a mounting plate 45, a track r, a wheel w, a laser beam j, a vehicle outline surface f, and a predetermined rectangular working area s. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0022] like Figure 1 The image shows a laser strengthening device 100 for a wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length provided in this embodiment, which includes a laser control cabinet 101, a chiller 102, an optical fiber 103, a fixed base 10, and a laser head 20.

[0023] The laser control cabinet 101 houses a laser generator (not shown) and system control components (not shown) to transmit laser and control signals to the laser head 20. In this embodiment, the laser control cabinet 101 is connected to the laser head 20 via an optical fiber 103 to ensure high transmission efficiency. A control panel (not shown) is installed on the door of the laser control cabinet 101. The control panel integrates a display screen and operation buttons. The display screen can be used to show the system status, and the operation buttons can be used to input operation commands to control the operation of the entire device.

[0024] When the laser generator produces laser light and the laser head 20 emits laser light for laser enhancement processing, a large amount of heat is generated. The chiller 102 is connected to the laser generator and laser head 20 in the laser control cabinet 101 through cooling pipes, thus forming an independent closed-loop cooling system for cooling the laser generator and laser head 20.

[0025] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the laser head 20 is mounted on the fixed base 10 via a connecting mechanism 104. The fixed base 10 is used to mount and fix the laser head 20 on the track r. A first clamping block 11 is provided on one side of the fixed base 10, and a quick clamp 13 is provided on the other side. A second clamping block 12 is provided at the end of the quick clamp 13. Operating the handle 14 of the quick clamp 13 controls the back-and-forth movement of the second clamping block 12, which cooperates with the first clamping block 11 to clamp and fix the fixed base 10 onto the track r near the wheel w.

[0026] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the connecting mechanism 104 includes a focal length adjustment component 30 and a pitch angle adjustment component 40. The focal length adjustment component 30 is used to adjust the distance between the laser beam j and the vehicle profile surface f, thereby adjusting the focal length of the laser beam j. The pitch angle adjustment component 40 is used to adjust the angle at which the laser beam j incident on the vehicle profile surface f.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the pitch angle adjustment assembly 30 includes an angle adjustment plate 31 and a fixed bracket 32. The angle adjustment plate 31 is fixed to the upper side of the fixed base 10. The laser head 20 is mounted on the fixed bracket 32, which is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment plate 31 via a rotating shaft 34. At least one arc-shaped waist hole 33 is concentrically formed on the angle adjustment plate 31 with the rotating shaft 34. A locking bolt 35 passes through the arc-shaped waist hole 33, and the locking bolt 35 can move within the arc-shaped waist hole 33 and connects with a threaded hole on the fixed bracket 32.

[0028] The fixed bracket 32 ​​rotates around the rotating shaft 34 relative to the angle adjustment plate 31 to adjust the pitch angle of the laser head 20. Tightening the locking bolt 35 locks the laser head 20 at the adjusted pitch angle, thereby adjusting the angle at which the laser beam j incident on the vehicle profile surface f. In this embodiment, two arc-shaped waist holes 33 are concentrically formed on the angle adjustment plate 31 with the rotating shaft 34 to increase the stability of the pitch angle adjustment assembly 30 and prevent the laser head 20 from shifting due to its own weight. The pitch angle adjustment assembly 30 has a simple and compact overall structure, making it suitable for use in smaller spaces.

[0029] The angle at which the laser beam j is incident on the vehicle contour surface f should be as close as possible to 90° to maximize the efficiency of the laser enhancement process, but it cannot be equal to 90°, otherwise the laser beam j will be reflected through the vehicle contour surface f and burn the lens 21 of the laser head 20. In this embodiment, the incident angle of the laser beam is between 75° and 85°.

[0030] like Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the focus adjustment assembly 40 includes a lead screw 41, a slider 42, and a rotating handle 43. A slide rail 44 is provided on the fixed bracket 32, and the slider 42 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 44. The laser head 20 is fixed to the slider 42 via a mounting plate 45. The lead screw 41 passes through the slider 42, and the rotating handle 43 is located at the end of the lead screw 41. Rotating the rotating handle 43 drives the lead screw 41 to rotate, thereby causing the slider 42 to move back and forth along the length of the lead screw 41 and the slide rail 44, allowing the laser head 20 to move towards or away from the wheel w to adjust the focus.

[0031] Furthermore, the laser head 20 is a galvanometer laser head, configured to allow the laser spot to be arbitrarily positioned and jump-shifted within a predetermined rectangular working area s, for forming a laser enhancement band on the vehicle profile surface f when the laser head 20 is stationary. In this embodiment, as... Figure 7 As shown, the predetermined rectangular working area s is configured as a 75mm × 75mm square working area to cover the laser enhancement processing area of ​​the vehicle contour surface f. The laser beam j emitted by the laser head 20 can be emitted at any position within the 75mm × 75mm square working area, and the light spot is transferred between different positions in a jump-like manner rather than a continuous moving transfer.

[0032] For example, in this embodiment, if several laser-enhanced strips are to be processed on the vehicle contour surface f, the system control element is configured to: after controlling the laser head 20 to complete the processing of one laser-enhanced strip around the wheel w, receive or generate a jump command, controlling the laser spot to automatically jump to the starting position of the next laser-enhanced strip, and repeating until a series of annular laser-enhanced strips are formed on the vehicle contour surface f. Thus, the laser head 20 does not need to move. The galvanometer laser head greatly simplifies the mechanical structure and improves working efficiency. In other embodiments, the galvanometer laser head can also efficiently process other forms of laser-enhanced strips, such as dot-shaped laser-enhanced strips and spiral laser-enhanced strips.

[0033] like Figures 2 to 7 As shown, an air curtain device 22 is installed in front of the laser head 20 to generate and blow out a continuous ribbon-like airflow to disperse smoke and splashes generated during processing and protect the lens 21 of the laser head 20 from contamination. Preferably, the direction of the ribbon-like airflow generated by the air curtain device 22 is parallel to the plane of the lens 21 of the laser head 20 and covers the area directly in front of the lens 21.

[0034] In summary, the focal length adjustable wheel galvanometer laser strengthening device provided by this utility model enables surface laser strengthening treatment of rail vehicle wheels: 1. By using a galvanometer laser head, the laser head does not need to move; only the wheel needs to rotate at a constant speed to complete the operation of forming a series of annular laser-enhanced strips on the vehicle's contour surface. This simplifies the mechanical structure and improves work efficiency.

[0035] 2. The laser head is mounted on a fixed base via a focal length adjustment component and a pitch angle adjustment component. The focal length adjustment component allows for adjustment of the distance between the laser beam and the vehicle contour surface, thereby adjusting the focal length of the laser beam. The pitch angle adjustment component allows for adjustment of the angle at which the laser beam is incident on the vehicle contour surface, balancing the efficiency of laser enhancement processing and the protection of the laser head.

[0036] 3. The focus adjustment assembly and pitch angle adjustment assembly have a simple and compact structure and are easy to operate. They can be used under the carriage of a rail vehicle in a small and cramped space, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0037] It should be noted that similar labels in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it may not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0038] The above describes the focal length adjustable wheel galvanometer laser strengthening device provided by this utility model. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand this utility model and its core ideas. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this utility model without departing from its principle, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser strengthening device for wheel galvanometers with adjustable focal length, characterized in that: Includes laser control cabinet, mounting base and laser head; The laser control cabinet is equipped with a laser generator and system control components to transmit laser and control signals to the laser head; The laser head is mounted on the fixed base via a connecting mechanism, and the fixed base is used to mount and fix the laser head on the track; The connecting mechanism includes a focal length adjustment component and a pitch angle adjustment component; the focal length adjustment component is used to adjust the distance between the laser beam and the vehicle profile surface; the pitch angle adjustment component is used to adjust the angle at which the laser beam enters the vehicle profile surface. The laser head is a galvanometer laser head, which is configured to allow the laser spot to be arbitrarily positioned and jump around within a predetermined rectangular working area, in order to form a laser enhancement band on the vehicle profile surface when the laser head is stationary.

2. The laser strengthening device for a wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimensions of the predetermined rectangular working area are 75mm × 75mm.

3. The laser strengthening device for a wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch angle adjustment assembly includes an angle adjustment plate and a fixed bracket; the angle adjustment plate is fixed to the upper side of the fixed base; The laser head is mounted on the fixed bracket; the fixed bracket is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment plate via a rotating shaft; at least one arc-shaped waist hole is concentrically formed on the angle adjustment plate with the rotating shaft; a locking bolt passes through the arc-shaped waist hole, the locking bolt can move within the arc-shaped waist hole, and is connected to a threaded hole on the fixed bracket; The fixed bracket rotates relative to the angle adjustment plate around the rotating shaft to adjust the pitch angle of the laser head, and the locking bolt is tightened to lock the laser head, which is used to adjust the angle of the laser beam incident on the contour surface of the vehicle.

4. The laser strengthening device for a wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length according to claim 3, characterized in that: The focus adjustment assembly includes a lead screw, a slider, and a rotary handle; The fixed bracket is provided with a slide rail, and the slider is slidably mounted on the slide rail; the laser head is fixed to the slider by a mounting plate; The lead screw passes through the slider, and the rotating handle is located at the end of the lead screw; Rotating the rotary handle drives the lead screw to rotate, which in turn moves the slider back and forth along the length of the lead screw and slide rail, thereby moving the laser head closer to or further away from the wheel to adjust the focal length.

5. The laser strengthening device for a wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air curtain device is installed in front of the laser head to generate and blow out a continuous ribbon-like airflow to disperse the smoke and splashes generated during the processing and protect the lens of the laser head from contamination. The direction of the ribbon-shaped airflow generated by the air curtain device is parallel to the lens plane of the laser head and covers the area directly in front of the lens.

6. The laser strengthening device for a wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser control cabinet is equipped with a control panel on its door. The control panel integrates a display screen and operation buttons for displaying system status and inputting operation commands.

7. The laser strengthening device for a wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first clamping block is provided on one side of the fixed base; a quick clamp is provided on the other side of the fixed base, and a second clamping block is provided at the end of the quick clamp. Operate the handle of the quick clamp to control the back-and-forth movement of the second clamping block, which cooperates with the first clamping block to clamp and fix the fixed base on the track.

8. The laser strengthening device for a wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system control element is configured to: after controlling the laser head to complete the processing of one laser reinforcement strip around the wheel, receive or generate a jump command, control the laser spot to automatically jump to the starting position of the next laser reinforcement strip, and repeat until a series of annular laser reinforcement strips are formed on the vehicle's contour surface.

9. The laser strengthening device for a wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser control cabinet is connected to the laser head via optical fiber.

10. The laser strengthening device for a wheel galvanometer with adjustable focal length according to claim 1, characterized in that: This also includes chillers; The chiller is connected to the laser generator and the laser head in the laser control cabinet through cooling pipes, forming an independent closed-loop cooling system for cooling the laser generator and the laser head.

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