Adaptive servo cutting head for laser machining

Abstract

The utility model relates to laser processing equipment technical field, especially a kind of self-adaptive servo cutting head for laser processing.The device includes Z-axis lifting base, focusing lens barrel assembly, laser displacement sensor component and light inlet reflection seat.Through laser displacement sensor detection material surface fluctuation, by control system drive Z-axis motor automatic adjustment focusing mirror height, make laser focal point always keep constant distance with workpiece.Light inlet reflection seat is equipped with thermosensitive connecting cylinder and can monitor temperature, Z-axis is equipped with double microswitch and realizes soft and hard limit protection.The utility model solves the problems that traditional cutting head is difficult to adapt to curved surface machining, easy to overheat damage, mechanical limit precision is insufficient, etc., significantly improves cutting precision and equipment reliability, and is suitable for the curved surface cutting operation of various non-metallic materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser processing equipment technology, and in particular to an adaptive follow-up cutting head for laser processing. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of laser cutting, the performance of the follow-up cutting head directly affects the cutting quality and efficiency. Currently, the laser displacement sensor sensing point position of some follow-up cutting heads is difficult to adjust flexibly according to the material surface condition, affecting the detection accuracy; the focusing fine-tuning of the light-reflecting part is not precise enough and lacks an effective overheat protection mechanism, which can easily lead to component damage and performance degradation due to overheating; at the same time, the limit protection of the Z-axis lifting part is not perfect, and mechanical parts are easily damaged by collisions. In addition, the product form is monotonous and cannot meet the installation requirements of different scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive follow-up cutting head for laser processing, which has the functions of automatic follow-up focusing, precise angle adjustment, overheat protection and hard limit protection, so as to improve processing adaptability, accuracy and safety.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an adaptive follow-up cutting head for laser processing, comprising a focusing lens barrel assembly, a sensor mounting assembly, a light-inlet reflector seat, and a Z-axis lifting base; the focusing lens barrel assembly is mounted on the slider of the Z-axis lifting base, the sensor mounting assembly is fixed on the focusing lens barrel assembly, and the light-inlet reflector seat is mounted on the base plate of the Z-axis lifting base.

[0005] As a further improvement of this utility model, the focusing lens barrel assembly includes an extension tube, a lens clamping ring, a lens barrel, a copper nozzle, and a quick-connect endoscopic tube. The lens clamping ring is assembled in the cavity of the lens barrel for clamping the optical lens. The extension tube is installed at the upper end of the lens barrel. The copper nozzle is threaded to the lower end of the lens barrel. The quick-connect endoscopic tube is threaded to a plane on the side of the lower end of the lens barrel.

[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model, the sensor mounting assembly includes a lens barrel clamping plate, a support plate, a sensor plate, and an adjusting screw. The lens barrel clamping plate is fixed to the support plate by screws, the sensor plate is fixed to the support plate by screws, and the adjusting screw is locked under the support plate. The adjusting screw can press against the sensor plate to make it tilt.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the light-inlet reflector includes a light-inlet base, a nut sleeve, a reflector frame, a lens cover, a thermal connecting cylinder, a fixing bolt, a spring, a copper nut, and an adjusting screw. The nut sleeve is press-fitted into the hole of the reflector frame, and the lens cover is fixed in the middle thread of the reflector frame. The reflector frame is connected to the light-inlet base by the fixing bolt. The fixing bolt is sequentially fitted with the spring and passes through the reflector frame, and finally is threadedly connected to the light-inlet base. The adjusting screw passes through the reflector frame and is threadedly engaged with the copper nut. The copper nut is housed in the nut sleeve. The deflection angle of the reflector frame can be locked by tightening the adjusting screw. The thermal connecting cylinder is fixed in the middle thread of the lens cover.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the Z-axis lifting base includes a base plate, a flexible coupling, an upper bearing seat, a pressure plate, a micro switch, a slider, a lead screw, a guide rail, a lower bearing seat, a motor connecting plate, and a sensing block. Two guide rails are fixed to the base plate, and the motor connecting plate is fixed to the upper end of the base plate. The micro switch is installed at the upper and lower ends of the base plate, the pressure plate is installed on the side of the upper bearing seat, and the upper and lower bearing seats are fixed to the upper and lower ends of the base plate. The sensing block is installed on the side of the slider, and the slider is fixed to the guide rail. The upper and lower ends of the lead screw are respectively installed on the upper and lower bearing seats via bearings. The lead screw is threadedly engaged with a drive nut, which is fixed inside the slider. The flexible coupling is pressed into the uppermost end of the lead screw.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the adjusting screw is a precision fine-threaded copper screw.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the thermal connecting cylinder is equipped with a thermal sensing device for detecting the real-time temperature of the laser head.

[0011] This invention solves the problems of traditional cutting heads being unable to adapt to curved surface processing, being prone to overheating and damage, and having insufficient mechanical limiting accuracy. It significantly improves cutting accuracy and equipment reliability, and is suitable for curved surface cutting operations of various non-metallic materials. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. The sensor mounting assembly can change the tilt angle of the laser displacement sensor by adjusting the screws, ensuring that the sensing point is in a reasonable position on the material surface, improving detection accuracy and ensuring the accuracy of cutting.

[0012] 2. The light inlet reflector uses precision fine-threaded copper screws, which are wear-resistant, durable, and provide accurate focusing and fine-tuning. When paired with a thermally sensitive connecting tube, a thermally sensitive device can be installed to detect the laser head temperature in real time, preventing overheating from damaging parts, extending component life, ensuring laser power and accuracy, and avoiding safety hazards.

[0013] 3. The micro switch of the Z-axis lifting base is linked with the soft limit of the CNC system, and the hard limit serves as a physical protection. With the help of the sensing block, the detection position of the upper and lower limits can be finely adjusted, which improves the fault tolerance of the function and avoids damage to mechanical parts due to collision.

[0014] 4. Products with symmetrical (mirror) designs can adapt to different installation scenarios, improving the applicability of the products. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the focusing lens barrel assembly of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor mounting assembly of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-reflecting base of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the Z-axis lifting base of this utility model; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the assembly of this utility model. In the figure: 11. Lens clamping wire; 12. Lens clamping ring; 13. Lens barrel; 14. Copper nozzle; 15. Quick-connect air hose; 21. Lens barrel clamping plate; 22. Support plate; 23. Sensor plate; 24. Adjusting screw; 31. Light inlet seat; 32. Nut sleeve; 33. Reflector frame; 34. Lens cover; 35. Thermal connecting cylinder; 36. Fixing bolt; 37. Spring; 38. Copper nut; 39. Screw; 41. Base plate; 42. Flexible coupling; 43. Upper bearing seat; 44. Pressure plate; 45. Micro switch; 46. Slider; 47. Lead screw; 48. Guide rail; 49. Lower bearing seat; 50. Motor connecting plate; 51. Sensing block. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this utility model are shown in the drawings. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.

[0017] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly attached to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0019] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This invention provides an adaptive follow-up cutting head for laser processing, comprising a focusing lens barrel assembly, a sensor mounting assembly, a light-inlet reflector, and a Z-axis lifting base. The focusing lens barrel assembly is mounted on a slider of the Z-axis lifting base, the sensor mounting assembly is fixed to the focusing lens barrel assembly, and the light-inlet reflector is mounted on the base plate of the Z-axis lifting base. The four core components (focusing lens barrel, sensor mounting, light-inlet reflector, and Z-axis lifting) adopt a modular assembly structure, facilitating maintenance and replacement.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the focusing lens barrel assembly includes an extension tube 11, a lens clamping ring 12, a lens barrel 13, a copper nozzle 14, and a quick-connect duct 15. The lens clamping ring 12 is assembled in the cavity of the lens barrel 13 and is used to clamp the optical lens. The extension tube 11 is installed at the upper end of the lens barrel 13. The copper nozzle 14 is threaded to the lower end of the lens barrel 13. The copper nozzle 14 can enhance the heat dissipation effect. The lens barrel 13 is designed to be compatible with various focal length lenses. The quick-connect duct 15 is threaded to a plane on the lower side of the lens barrel 13 and is connected to the cooling system.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the sensor mounting assembly includes a lens barrel clamping plate 21, a support plate 22, a sensor plate 23, and an adjusting screw 24. The lens barrel clamping plate 21 is fixed to the support plate 22 with screws, and the sensor plate 23 is fixed to the support plate 22 with screws. The adjusting screw 24 is locked under the support plate 22 and can press against the sensor plate 23 to create a tilt angle. The angle of the sensor plate 23 can be quickly adjusted using the exposed adjusting screw 24.

[0022] like Figure 3As shown, the light inlet reflector includes a light inlet base 31, a nut sleeve 32, a reflector frame 33, a lens cover 34, a thermal connecting cylinder 35, a fixing bolt 36, a spring 37, a copper nut 38, and a screw 39. The nut sleeve 32 is press-fitted into the hole of the reflector frame 33, and the lens cover 34 is fixed in the middle thread of the reflector frame 33. The spring-preloaded reflector frame 33 has a shock-absorbing design. The reflector frame 33 is connected to the light inlet base 31 by the fixing bolt 36. The fixing bolt 36 is fitted with the spring 37 in sequence and passes through the reflector frame 33, and finally is threadedly connected to the light inlet base 31. The screw 39 passes through the reflector frame 33 and is threadedly engaged with the copper nut 38. The copper nut 38 is housed in the nut sleeve 32. The deflection angle of the reflector frame 33 can be locked by tightening the screw 39. The deflection angle of the reflector frame 33 can be finely adjusted by the copper screw 39. The thermal connecting cylinder 35 is fixed in the middle thread of the lens cover 34. The thermally sensitive connecting cylinder 35 is equipped with a thermally sensitive device, which can be adapted to different temperature sensors to detect the real-time temperature of the laser head and prevent overheating. The screw 39 is a precision fine-threaded copper screw, which can adjust the angle of the reflector.

[0023] like Figure 4 As shown, the Z-axis lifting base includes a base plate 41, a flexible coupling 42, an upper bearing seat 43, a pressure plate 44, a micro switch 45, a slider 46, a lead screw 47, a guide rail 48, a lower bearing seat 49, a motor connecting plate 50, and a sensing block 51. The two guide rails 48 are fixed on the base plate 41, the motor connecting plate 50 is fixed on the upper end of the base plate 41, the micro switch 45 is installed at the upper and lower ends of the base plate 41, the pressure plate 44 is installed on the side of the upper bearing seat 43, the upper bearing seat 43 and the lower bearing seat 49 are fixed at the upper and lower ends of the base plate 41, the sensing block 51 is installed on the side of the slider 46, the slider 46 is fixed on the guide rail 48, the upper and lower ends of the lead screw 47 are respectively installed on the upper bearing seat 43 and the lower bearing seat 49 through bearings, the lead screw 47 is threadedly engaged with the drive nut, the drive nut is fixed inside the slider 46, and the flexible coupling 42 is pressed into the uppermost end of the lead screw 47 to eliminate motor shaft deviation. Two microswitches 45 and a sensing block 51 provide dual limit protection design with electronic soft limit and mechanical hard limit. High-precision lead screw and guide rail structure design.

[0024] Final assembly: The focusing lens barrel assembly is mounted on the slider of the Z-axis lifting base, the sensor mounting assembly is fixed on the focusing lens barrel assembly, the light-gathering reflector is mounted on the base plate of the Z-axis lifting base, the fixing bolts are tightened, and the assembly is complete.

[0025] During operation, the laser beam enters the inner cavity of the cutting head through the reflector of the light inlet reflector base. Passing through the focusing lens of the focusing lens assembly, the energy is concentrated at a single point, melting the surrounding material at high temperature to form a cut. The laser displacement sensor, based on the surface undulations of the material, drives the lead screw via the motor of the Z-axis lifting base to move the focusing lens up and down in the Z-axis direction, ensuring the focal point remains consistently at a set distance from the material surface. Adjusting the adjusting screws of the sensor mounting assembly changes the tilt angle of the laser displacement sensor, ensuring a proper sensing point position. A thermally sensitive device installed on the thermally sensitive connecting cylinder of the light inlet reflector base detects the laser head temperature to prevent overheating. The microswitch and soft limit switch of the Z-axis lifting base are linked to prevent collisions between mechanical parts.

[0026] In practical applications, when this follower cutting head is working: 1. The laser beam enters through the light inlet 31, and after being reflected by the reflector frame 33, it descends vertically downwards. 2. The focusing lens assembly focuses the light beam onto the workpiece surface. 3. The displacement sensor on sensor board 23 monitors the workpiece height in real time. 4. The control system drives the Z-axis motor based on sensor signals, which in turn drives the slider 46 to rise and fall via the lead screw 47. 5. When the temperature exceeds the threshold or reaches the travel limit, the corresponding protection mechanism will be activated. Technical effect

[0027] 1. Improved cutting precision: Focus tracking error ≤ 0.05mm 2. Expanded Applicable Materials: Can process non-metallic materials with a thickness of 5-50mm. 3. Extended equipment lifespan: Temperature rise of key components reduced by 40%. 4. Reduced maintenance costs: Modular design reduces replacement time by 60%. The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An adaptive follow-up cutting head for laser processing, characterized in that, It includes a focusing lens barrel assembly, a sensor mounting assembly, a light-gathering reflector, and a Z-axis lifting base; the focusing lens barrel assembly is mounted on a slider of the Z-axis lifting base, the sensor mounting assembly is fixed on the focusing lens barrel assembly, and the light-gathering reflector is mounted on the base plate of the Z-axis lifting base.

2. The adaptive follow-up cutting head for laser processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focusing lens barrel assembly includes an extension tube (11), a lens clamping ring (12), a lens barrel (13), a copper nozzle (14), and a quick-connect trachea (15). The lens clamping ring (12) is assembled in the cavity of the lens barrel (13) and is used to clamp the optical lens. The extension tube (11) is installed at the upper end of the lens barrel (13). The copper nozzle (14) is threaded to the lower end of the lens barrel (13). The quick-connect trachea (15) is threaded to a plane on the side of the lower end of the lens barrel (13).

3. The adaptive follow-up cutting head for laser processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor mounting assembly includes a lens barrel clamping plate (21), a support plate (22), a sensor plate (23), and an adjusting screw (24). The lens barrel clamping plate (21) and the support plate (22) are fixed together by screws. The sensor plate (23) is fixed to the support plate (22) by screws. The adjusting screw (24) is locked under the support plate (22) and can push against the sensor plate (23) to make it tilt.

4. The adaptive follow-up cutting head for laser processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-reflecting mount includes a light-reflecting mount (31), a nut sleeve (32), a reflector frame (33), a lens cap (34), a thermal connecting cylinder (35), a fixing bolt (36), a spring (37), a copper nut (38), and a screw (39). The nut sleeve (32) is press-fitted into the hole of the reflector frame (33), and the lens cap (34) is fixed in the middle thread of the reflector frame (33). The reflector frame (33) is connected to the light-reflecting mount (31) by the fixing bolt (36). The fixing bolt (36) is fitted with the spring (37) in sequence and passes through the reflector frame (33), and finally is threadedly connected to the light inlet seat (31). The screw (39) passes through the reflector frame (33) and is threadedly engaged with a copper nut (38). The copper nut (38) is housed in the nut sleeve (32). The deflection angle of the reflector frame (33) can be locked by tightening the screw (39). The thermal connecting cylinder (35) is fixed in the middle thread of the lens cover (34).

5. The adaptive follow-up cutting head for laser processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis lifting base includes a base plate (41), a flexible coupling (42), an upper bearing seat (43), a pressure plate (44), a micro switch (45), a slider (46), a lead screw (47), a guide rail (48), a lower bearing seat (49), a motor connecting plate (50), and a sensing block (51). Two guide rails (48) are fixed to the base plate (41), and the motor connecting plate (50) is fixed to the upper end of the base plate (41). The micro switches (45) are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the base plate (41), and the pressure plate (44) is installed on... The upper bearing seat (43) and the lower bearing seat (49) are fixed on the upper and lower ends of the base plate (41). The sensing block (51) is installed on the side of the slider (46). The slider (46) is fixed on the guide rail (48). The upper and lower ends of the lead screw (47) are respectively installed on the upper bearing seat (43) and the lower bearing seat (49) through bearings. The lead screw (47) is threadedly engaged with a drive nut. The drive nut is fixed inside the slider (46). The flexible coupling (42) is pressed into the uppermost end of the lead screw (47).

6. The adaptive follow-up cutting head for laser processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The screw (39) is a precision fine-threaded copper screw.

7. The adaptive follow-up cutting head for laser processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thermal connecting tube (35) is equipped with a thermal sensing device for detecting the real-time temperature of the laser head.

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