A machine vision-based automatic positioning device for laser cutting

Abstract

The utility model relates to laser cutting equipment technical field especially based on machine vision's laser cutting automatic positioning device, based on machine vision's laser cutting automatic positioning device includes: pedestal, installation shell, closing board, protective lens, fixed component and drive assembly, the top of pedestal is equipped with laser cutting system, machine vision positioning system, height follow -up sensor, CNC movement platform and control unit, based on machine vision's laser cutting automatic positioning device provided by the utility model through the double closing board protection structure of drive assembly control, realizes the adaptive protection of the double working conditions of processing and shutdown: the automatic full opening of closing board under the processing state, does not shield industrial camera imaging light path, the automatic closing of closing board under the shutdown standby state, avoids the dirt stain formed by long -term static deposit to cause image blur, the increase of noise point, positioning deviation etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser cutting equipment technology, and in particular to an automatic positioning device for laser cutting based on machine vision. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting technology, with its advantages of high cutting precision, high processing efficiency and strong adaptability, is widely used in precision machining fields such as sheet metal processing, hardware manufacturing, aerospace, and automotive parts.

[0003] Currently, existing machine vision-based automatic positioning devices for laser cutting rely on industrial cameras as their core vision acquisition component. The image clarity of the camera lens directly determines the workpiece positioning accuracy and the quality of the laser-cut product. To adapt to the high-temperature, high-dust processing environment of laser cutting, most existing equipment adds protective lenses to the outside of the industrial camera lens and is equipped with an air curtain blowing structure to prevent metal fumes and molten spatter generated during the cutting process from adhering to the lens, thus achieving protection during processing.

[0004] However, significant technical shortcomings remain in practical applications. The industrial camera lenses and protective lenses of existing equipment are constantly exposed, offering only limited protection when the equipment is running. When the equipment is stopped or in standby mode, the camera's protective lenses are completely exposed to the workshop air. Laser cutting workshops commonly contain pollutants such as dust, metal particles, and oil. During long-term static operation, these impurities continuously adhere to and deposit on the protective lenses and camera lens surfaces, forming stubborn stains. This leads to problems such as blurry, reflective, and excessively noisy workpiece images captured by the industrial camera, reducing image recognition accuracy, causing workpiece positioning deviations and cutting path offsets, ultimately resulting in workpiece cutting defects and scrap.

[0005] Secondly, protective lenses are consumable parts that need to be disassembled and replaced regularly to ensure image quality. However, the protective lenses of existing visual positioning devices mostly adopt an integrated sealed installation structure with bolts and clips for fixing. Replacing the lens requires the use of special tools such as screwdrivers and wrenches to disassemble multiple fixing fasteners one by one, which is a cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive operation.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new machine vision-based automatic positioning device for laser cutting to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides an automatic positioning device for laser cutting based on machine vision.

[0008] The automatic positioning device for laser cutting based on machine vision provided by this utility model includes: a base, a mounting shell, a closing plate, a protective lens, a fixing component, and a driving component. The top of the base is equipped with a laser cutting system, a machine vision positioning system, a height follow-up sensor, a CNC motion platform, and a control unit. The mounting shell is installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the industrial camera. The closing plate is symmetrically installed inside the bottom of the mounting shell. The protective lens is installed inside the mounting shell and is located directly below the industrial camera. The fixing component is installed between the protective lens and the mounting shell. The fixing component is used for quick replacement of the protective lens. The driving component is installed between the mounting shell and the closing plate. The driving component drives the closing plate to move relative to each other to protect the protective lens and the industrial camera.

[0009] Preferably, the CNC motion platform includes an X-axis motion mechanism, a Y-axis motion mechanism, and a Z-axis slide; the laser cutting system includes a laser, a laser cutting head, and an auxiliary gas supply unit, with the laser cutting head mounted on the Z-axis slide of the CNC motion platform; the machine vision positioning system includes an industrial camera, a ring light source, and an image processing module, with the industrial camera fixed to one side of the laser cutting head via a mounting bracket, its optical axis installed parallel to the optical axis of the laser cutting head; the height follower sensor is mounted on the other side of the laser cutting head for real-time detection of the height distance between the upper surface of the workpiece and the laser cutting head; the control unit is electrically connected to the laser cutting system, the machine vision positioning system, the height follower sensor, and the CNC motion platform, respectively, for receiving workpiece position information acquired by the machine vision positioning system, calculating workpiece clamping position deviation, automatically generating the cutting path, and controlling the movement of the laser cutting head and the laser output parameters.

[0010] Preferably, the fixing component includes: a mounting plate, a locking block, and a spring. A mounting groove is formed inside one side of the mounting housing, and the mounting plate is embedded inside the mounting groove. A placement groove is formed inside the mounting plate, and the protective lens is placed inside the placement groove. A locking slot is symmetrically formed at the top of the mounting plate near the opening of the mounting groove. A mounting hole is symmetrically formed inside the mounting housing. A spring is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of each mounting hole. A locking block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of each spring, and each locking block engages with a corresponding locking slot. A protruding rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of each locking block, and the protruding rod passes through the outer wall of the mounting housing. A push plate is slidably connected to the side of the mounting housing near the protruding rod. A crossbar is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the push plate, and both ends of the crossbar are fixedly connected to the corresponding protruding rod.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting shell has symmetrical mounting holes two on one side near the opening of the mounting groove. The inner wall of each mounting hole two is fixedly connected to a spring two, and the other end of each spring two is fixedly connected to a push rod. One end of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to an end plate, and the end of each push rod extending out of the mounting hole two contacts the inner side wall of the end plate.

[0012] Preferably, the drive assembly includes: a miniature cylinder, a connecting rod, and a connecting block. The miniature cylinder is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting bracket, and the connecting block is fixedly connected to its output end. The connecting rod is symmetrically rotatably connected inside the connecting block.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom end of the mounting shell has a mating groove, and the closing plates are all slidably embedded in the mating groove. The mounting shell has symmetrical sliding grooves on the side near the connecting rod. The side of the closing plate near the sliding groove is fixedly connected to a drive rod, and the other end of the drive rod extends out of the corresponding sliding groove and is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the corresponding connecting rod.

[0014] Preferably, the control unit includes an industrial computer, a motion control card, and a laser control interface.

[0015] Compared with related technologies, the automatic positioning device for laser cutting based on machine vision provided by this utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] The double-closed plate protective structure controlled by the drive component achieves adaptive protection in both processing and shutdown modes: in processing mode, the closed plate automatically opens fully, without obstructing the imaging optical path of the industrial camera, ensuring normal operation of vision positioning; in shutdown and standby mode, the closed plate automatically closes, completely sealing the protective lens and industrial camera lens inside the mounting housing, physically isolating them from dust, metal particles, oil stains and impurities in the workshop environment. This avoids problems such as image blurring, increased noise, and positioning deviation caused by dirt accumulation from long-term static placement, significantly extending the service life of the camera lens and protective lens, and ensuring the imaging accuracy and positioning reliability of the equipment during long-term operation.

[0017] The side-insertion spring-loaded quick-release structure enables tool-free and rapid replacement of the protective lens: During installation, spring one drives the locking block to automatically engage with the locking slot to complete axial positioning. The axial preload provided by spring two and the push rod eliminates assembly gaps, ensuring the installation accuracy of the protective lens and preventing movement and abnormal noise during processing. During replacement, simply push the push plate on the outside of the mounting shell upwards to simultaneously unlock the locking blocks on both sides. The compressed spring two automatically ejects the mounting plate outwards through the push rod, allowing the mounting plate to be pulled out by hand to replace the protective lens without the need for special tools. This significantly shortens maintenance time and improves equipment operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0018] The machine vision positioning system automatically acquires images of the workpiece surface, extracts the workpiece contour and feature coordinates through image processing, and automatically calculates the translational and rotational deviations of the workpiece clamping. The control unit performs rotational and translational compensation on the preset cutting path to generate a processing path that adapts to the actual clamping position. This eliminates the need for manual teaching, precise clamping, or mechanical grid positioning, thus eliminating human and mechanical positioning errors. In conjunction with a height follow-up sensor, the height of the workpiece surface is detected in real time, and the Z-axis position of the laser cutting head is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the laser focus is always kept at the optimal focal plane on the workpiece surface. This compensates for defocusing errors caused by uneven workpiece surface and clamping tilt, effectively improving cutting accuracy and product quality consistency.

[0019] The laser cutting system, machine vision positioning system, height follow-up sensor, lens protection mechanism and lens quick-release structure are integrated into one unit. The industrial camera moves synchronously with the laser cutting head, eliminating the need for an additional camera movement mechanism. The overall structure is compact and suitable for both the complete manufacturing of new equipment and the upgrading and transformation of existing laser cutting equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic positioning device for laser cutting based on machine vision provided by this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structural schematic of the side of the base.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a partial structural schematic of the CNC motion platform.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of an industrial camera.

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the mounting housing;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure at point A.

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the bottom of the mounting housing.

[0027] Numbered in the diagram: 1. Base; 2. CNC motion platform; 3. Control unit; 4. Laser cutting system; 5. Industrial camera; 6. Mounting shell; 7. Closing plate; 8. Protective lens; 9. Mounting plate; 10. Locking block; 11. Spring 1; 12. Locking slot; 13. Spring 2; 14. Push rod; 15. End plate; 16. Miniature cylinder; 17. Connecting rod; 18. Connecting block; 19. Slide groove; 20. Push plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0029] The specific implementation of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0030] Please see Figures 1 to 7 An automatic positioning device for laser cutting based on machine vision is disclosed. The device includes a base 1, a mounting shell 6, a closing plate 7, a protective lens 8, a fixing component, and a driving component. A laser cutting system 4, a machine vision positioning system, a height follow-up sensor, a CNC motion platform 2, and a control unit 3 are mounted on the top of the base 1. The mounting shell 6 is mounted on the outer wall of the bottom of the industrial camera 5. The closing plate 7 is symmetrically mounted inside the bottom of the mounting shell 6. The protective lens 8 is mounted inside the mounting shell 6 and is located directly below the industrial camera 5. A fixing component is installed between the protective lens 8 and the mounting shell 6 for quick replacement of the protective lens 8. A driving component is installed between the mounting shell 6 and the closing plate 7 to drive the closing plate 7 to move relative to each other, thereby protecting the protective lens 8 and the industrial camera 5.

[0031] The CNC motion platform 2 includes an X-axis motion mechanism, a Y-axis motion mechanism, and a Z-axis slide. The laser cutting system 4 includes a laser, a laser cutting head, and an auxiliary gas supply unit. The laser cutting head is mounted on the Z-axis slide of the CNC motion platform 2. The machine vision positioning system includes an industrial camera 5, a ring light source, and an image processing module. The industrial camera 5 is fixed to one side of the laser cutting head by a mounting bracket, and its optical axis is installed parallel to the optical axis of the laser cutting head. The height follower sensor is installed on the other side of the laser cutting head and is used to detect the height distance between the upper surface of the workpiece and the laser cutting head in real time. The control unit 3 is electrically connected to the laser cutting system 4, the machine vision positioning system, the height follower sensor, and the CNC motion platform 2, respectively, and is used to receive the workpiece position information obtained by the machine vision positioning system, calculate the workpiece clamping position deviation, automatically generate the cutting path, and control the movement of the laser cutting head and the laser output parameters.

[0032] The fixing components include: mounting plate 9, locking block 10, and spring 11. A mounting groove is formed inside one side of the mounting shell 6, and the mounting plate 9 is embedded inside the mounting groove. A placement groove is formed inside the mounting plate 9, and the protective lens 8 is placed inside the placement groove. A locking slot 12 is symmetrically formed at the top of the mounting plate 9 near the opening of the mounting groove. Mounting holes 1 are symmetrically formed inside the mounting shell 6. Spring 11 is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of each mounting hole 1. A locking block 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of each spring 11. Each locking block 10 engages with its corresponding locking slot 12. A protruding rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of each locking block 10, and the protruding rod passes through the outer wall of the mounting shell 6. A push plate 20 is slidably connected to the side of the mounting shell 6 near the protruding rod. A crossbar is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the push plate 20, and both ends of the crossbar are fixedly connected to their corresponding protruding rods.

[0033] Mounting housing 6 has symmetrical mounting holes two on one side near the opening of the mounting slot. Spring two 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each mounting hole two. Top rod 14 is fixedly connected to the other end of each spring two 13. End plate 15 is fixedly connected to one end of mounting plate 9. The end of each top rod 14 extending out of mounting hole two contacts the inner wall of end plate 15.

[0034] The drive assembly includes a miniature cylinder 16, a connecting rod 17, and a connecting block 18. The miniature cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting bracket, and the connecting block 18 is fixedly connected to its output end. The connecting rod 17 is symmetrically rotatably connected inside the connecting block 18.

[0035] The bottom of the mounting shell 6 has a mating groove, and the closing plates 7 are all slidably embedded in the mating groove. The mounting shell 6 has symmetrical sliding grooves 19 on the side near the connecting rod 17. The side of the closing plate 7 near the sliding groove 19 is fixedly connected to a drive rod, and the other end of the drive rod extends out of the corresponding sliding groove 19 and is rotatably connected to the bottom of the corresponding connecting rod 17.

[0036] The control unit 3 includes an industrial computer, a motion control card, and a laser control interface.

[0037] It should be noted that: CNC motion platform 2 is a computer numerical control (CNC) motion platform;

[0038] The laser is any one of a fiber laser, a CO2 laser, or an Nd:YAG laser; the auxiliary gas provided by the auxiliary gas supply unit is any one of oxygen, nitrogen, or compressed air.

[0039] The image processing module is configured with an image preprocessing unit, an edge detection unit, a contour extraction unit, and a position calculation unit. The image preprocessing unit performs grayscale conversion, Gaussian filtering for noise reduction, and contrast enhancement on the workpiece image. The edge detection unit uses the Canny edge detection algorithm to extract edge pixels from the workpiece image. The contour extraction unit extracts the closed contour curve of the workpiece through connected component analysis and contour tracking algorithms. The position calculation unit compares the extracted workpiece contour with the preset workpiece CAD contour using template matching or geometric feature matching algorithms to calculate the position deviation and rotation angle deviation of the workpiece in the XY plane.

[0040] The industrial control computer runs vision processing software and cutting path planning software, receives workpiece position deviation information output by the image processing module, and performs translation and rotation compensation on the preset cutting path to generate G-code for the compensated cutting path; the motion control card receives the compensated G-code and controls the X-axis motion mechanism, Y-axis motion mechanism, and Z-axis slide of the CNC motion platform 2; the laser control interface controls the laser's output power, pulse frequency, and duty cycle according to the process parameters in the cutting path.

[0041] The device also includes a fume extraction system, the air intake of which is located near the workpiece cutting area below the laser cutting head; the device also includes an automatic air curtain device; the automatic air curtain device is set between the ring light source and the protective lens 8, and generates a high-speed airflow to form an air curtain to block cutting spatter and fume from adhering to the surface of the protective lens 8.

[0042] When the optical axis of the industrial camera 5 lens is installed parallel to the optical axis of the laser cutting head, the horizontal offset distance between the camera optical axis and the laser beam axis is 50mm to 200mm.

[0043] The ring light source is an LED ring light source, containing white, red, or blue LED beads; the inner diameter of the ring light source is larger than the outer diameter of the front end of the lens of the industrial camera 5; the brightness of the ring light source is adjustable through PWM (pulse width modulation) control via integrated control unit 3;

[0044] The industrial camera 5 is a CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) or CCD (charge-coupled device) industrial camera 5 with a resolution of 2 million to 20 million pixels and a frame rate of 30fps to 200fps; the lens focal length of the industrial camera 5 is 8mm to 50mm, and the field of view covers more than 1.2 times the maximum external dimensions of the workpiece.

[0045] The working principle of the machine vision-based automatic positioning device for laser cutting provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0046] Automatic positioning and laser cutting overall workflow:

[0047] After the equipment is powered on, the control unit 3, which consists of an industrial computer, a motion control card, and a laser control interface, completes a full-domain self-test of the laser cutting system 4, the machine vision positioning system, the height follow-up sensor, and the CNC motion platform 2. After the self-test is completed, the control unit 3 sends a power-on command to the drive components. The micro cylinder 16 is activated, and through the connecting rod 17, it drives the two closed plates 7 to slide synchronously in opposite directions, opening the light-transmitting opening at the bottom of the mounting shell 6, so that the lens of the industrial camera 5 and the protective lens 8 are fully exposed, and the equipment enters the standby state for processing.

[0048] After the workpiece to be cut is placed on the processing station of the base 1, the control unit 3 drives the CNC motion platform 2 to move, causing the laser cutting head and the side industrial camera 5 to move directly above the workpiece; the machine vision positioning system is activated, and the ring light source projects uniform light onto the surface of the workpiece to eliminate surface reflection and shadow interference; the industrial camera 5, whose optical axis is parallel to the laser cutting head, acquires a complete image of the workpiece surface and transmits the image data to the image processing module; the image processing module sequentially performs preprocessing operations such as image grayscale conversion, Gaussian filtering noise reduction, contrast enhancement, and edge extraction to extract the contour edges and positioning feature points of the workpiece.

[0049] The image processing module performs template matching and geometric comparison between the extracted workpiece contour and feature coordinates and the preset standard CAD contour, calculates the translational deviation (Δx, Δy) and rotational angle deviation (Δθ) of the workpiece in the XY plane, and transmits the deviation data to the control unit 3. The industrial computer in the control unit 3 compensates and corrects the preset cutting path according to the position deviation through rotation matrix and translation transformation algorithm, and generates CNC machining G code that is adapted to the actual clamping position of the workpiece, without the need for manual reprogramming or calibration of the workpiece position.

[0050] Control unit 3 drives the X-axis and Y-axis motion mechanisms of CNC motion platform 2 through motion control card, moving the laser cutting head to the cutting start position; height follow-up sensor installed on the other side of laser cutting head detects the vertical distance between the upper surface of the workpiece and the end face of laser cutting head in real time, and feeds the distance signal back to control unit 3 in real time; control unit 3 drives the Z-axis slide to move up and down, dynamically adjusting the height of laser cutting head, so that the laser focus always falls precisely within the optimal focal plane of the workpiece surface, compensating for the defocusing error caused by uneven workpiece surface or clamping tilt; after the position and height are calibrated, control unit 3 starts the laser through laser control interface, the auxiliary gas supply unit outputs cutting auxiliary gas synchronously, and the laser cutting head moves continuously along the compensated cutting path to complete the fully automatic cutting of the workpiece.

[0051] After the cutting process is completed, the laser and auxiliary gas supply unit are shut down synchronously, and the CNC motion platform 2 drives the laser cutting head to reset to the initial position. The control unit 3 sends a stop command to the drive assembly, and the micro cylinder 16 moves in the opposite direction, driving the two closing plates 7 to slide synchronously towards each other and finally dock and close, completely sealing the opening at the bottom of the mounting shell 6, enclosing the protective lens 8 and the lens of the industrial camera 5 inside the mounting shell 6, physically isolating them from the external workshop environment, and preventing dust, metal particles, oil and other impurities from adhering to the lens and lens surface when the machine is stopped.

[0052] Working principle of the closed lens protection mechanism:

[0053] The drive assembly uses a miniature cylinder 16 as the power source and adopts a symmetrical double connecting rod 17 mechanism to realize the synchronous opening / closing motion of the two closed plates 7. The bottom end of the mounting shell 6 has a mating groove as a sliding guide structure for the closed plate 7, and the side wall has a sliding groove 19 as a motion channel for the drive rod to ensure smooth movement and positioning accuracy.

[0054] When the equipment enters the processing state, the piston rod of the micro cylinder 16 extends downward, driving the connecting block 18 fixed at the end to move downward synchronously; the upper ends of the two connecting rods 17 symmetrically hinged inside the connecting block 18 move downward with the connecting block 18, and the lower ends of the connecting rods 17 rotate outward around the hinge point, thereby pulling the two drive rods to slide outward along the sliding groove 19 on the side wall of the mounting shell 6; the two drive rods respectively drive the corresponding closing plates 7 to slide back and forth along the mating groove at the bottom of the mounting shell 6, and the two closing plates 7 gradually stagger until the light-transmitting port at the bottom of the mounting shell 6 is fully opened, the imaging light path of the industrial camera 5 is unobstructed, and the workpiece image can be clearly captured.

[0055] When the equipment is stopped and in standby mode, the piston rod of the miniature cylinder 16 retracts upward, causing the connecting block 18 to move upward synchronously. The connecting block 18 pulls the upper ends of the two connecting rods 17 upward, and the lower ends of the connecting rods 17 rotate inward around the hinge point, pushing the two drive rods to slide towards each other along the slide groove 19. The two drive rods drive the two closing plates 7 to move towards each other along the mating groove. Finally, the ends of the two closing plates 7 are tightly connected, completely sealing the opening at the bottom of the mounting shell 6, forming a closed protective chamber, which completely isolates the protective lens 8 and the lens of the industrial camera 5 from the external environment, achieving static dust protection.

[0056] Working principle of lens 8 disassembly and assembly:

[0057] During installation, first embed the protective lens 8 into the placement groove in the middle of the mounting plate 9 to complete the lens pre-installation; hold the mounting plate 9 by the side with the end plate 15, align the other end of the mounting plate 9 with the mounting groove opening on the side wall of the mounting housing 6, and insert it horizontally inward; during the insertion process, the top end face of the mounting plate 9 presses against the guide slope at the bottom of the locking block 10, causing the locking block 10 to slide upward along the mounting hole one, compressing the spring one 11; at the same time, the end plate 15 at the end of the mounting plate 9 gradually contacts the push rod 14 and pushes the push rod 14 to slide inward along the mounting hole two, compressing the spring two 13; when the mounting plate 9 is fully inserted... When the mounting plate 9 is in place, the slot 12 on the top of the mounting plate 9 is aligned with the position of the locking block 10. The spring 11 releases its elastic force, pushing the locking block 10 downward into the slot 12, thereby axially limiting the mounting plate 9 and preventing it from coming out. At the same time, the reverse elastic force generated by the compression of the spring 2 13 acts on the end plate 15 through the push rod 14, applying a continuous outward axial preload to the mounting plate 9, so that the inner sidewall of the slot 12 is tightly attached to the side of the locking block 10, eliminating the assembly gap, preventing the mounting plate 9 from moving or shaking during processing, and ensuring the positional accuracy and sealing performance of the protective lens 8.

[0058] During disassembly, when the protective lens 8 is worn, fogged, or stained and needs to be replaced, no special tools are required. Simply push the push plate 20 on the outside of the mounting shell 6 upwards. The push plate 20 drives the protruding rods on both sides to move upwards synchronously through the crossbar at the bottom. The protruding rods drive the locking block 10 to slide upwards along the mounting hole one, compressing the spring one 11, so that the locking block 10 is completely disengaged from the slot 12, releasing the axial limit on the mounting plate 9. After the locking block 10 is unlocked, the spring two 13, which is in a compressed state, releases its elasticity, pushing the top rod 14 to slide outwards along the mounting hole two. The top rod 14 pushes the end plate 15 outwards, automatically ejecting the mounting plate 9 from the mounting groove a certain distance. At this time, you can hold the end plate 15 by hand and pull the mounting plate 9 and the protective lens 8 out horizontally together. After removing the mounting plate 9, replace the protective lens 8 placed in the slot, and then reinsert it into the mounting groove according to the above installation steps. The locking block 10 is locked into the slot 12 to complete the replacement. The entire operation has few steps and precise alignment, greatly improving the efficiency of equipment maintenance.

[0059] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser cutting automatic positioning device based on machine vision, characterized in that, include: The base (1) is equipped with a laser cutting system (4), a machine vision positioning system, a height follow-up sensor, a CNC motion platform (2) and a control unit (3). Mounting housing (6), the bottom outer wall of the industrial camera (5) is mounted with mounting housing (6); Closed plate (7), the closed plate (7) is symmetrically installed inside the bottom end of the mounting shell (6); Protective lens (8) is installed inside the mounting housing (6) and is located directly below the industrial camera (5); A fixing component is installed between the protective lens (8) and the mounting housing (6). The fixing component is used for quick replacement of the protective lens (8). A drive assembly is installed between the mounting housing (6) and the closing plate (7). The drive assembly drives the closing plate (7) to move relative to each other, which is used to protect the protective lens (8) and the industrial camera (5).

2. The automatic positioning device for laser cutting based on machine vision according to claim 1, characterized in that, The CNC motion platform (2) includes an X-axis motion mechanism, a Y-axis motion mechanism, and a Z-axis slide; the laser cutting system (4) includes a laser, a laser cutting head, and an auxiliary gas supply unit, with the laser cutting head mounted on the Z-axis slide of the CNC motion platform (2); the machine vision positioning system includes an industrial camera (5), a ring light source, and an image processing module, with the industrial camera (5) fixed to one side of the laser cutting head by a mounting bracket, and its optical axis installed parallel to the optical axis of the laser cutting head; the height follower sensor is mounted on the other side of the laser cutting head and is used to detect the height distance between the upper surface of the workpiece and the laser cutting head in real time; the control unit (3) is electrically connected to the laser cutting system (4), the machine vision positioning system, the height follower sensor, and the CNC motion platform (2) respectively, and is used to receive the workpiece position information obtained by the machine vision positioning system, calculate the workpiece clamping position deviation, automatically generate the cutting path, control the movement of the laser cutting head, and control the laser output parameters.

3. The automatic positioning device for laser cutting based on machine vision according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing components include: mounting plate (9), locking block (10) and spring 1 (11). A mounting groove is provided inside one side of the mounting shell (6). The mounting plate (9) is embedded inside the mounting groove. A placement groove is provided inside the mounting plate (9). The protective lens (8) is placed inside the placement groove. A locking groove (12) is symmetrically provided at the top of the mounting plate (9) near the opening of the mounting groove. A mounting hole 1 is symmetrically provided inside the mounting shell (6). A spring 1 (11) is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the mounting hole 1. A locking block (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the spring 1 (11). The locking block (10) is engaged with the corresponding locking groove (12). A protruding rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the locking block (10). The protruding rod passes through the outer wall of the mounting shell (6). A push plate (20) is slidably connected to the side of the mounting shell (6) near the protruding rod. A crossbar is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the push plate (20). Both ends of the crossbar are fixedly connected to the corresponding protruding rod.

4. The automatic positioning device for laser cutting based on machine vision according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting shell (6) has symmetrical mounting holes two on one side near the opening of the mounting slot. The inner wall of each mounting hole two is fixedly connected to a spring two (13). The other end of each spring two (13) is fixedly connected to a top rod (14). One end of the mounting plate (9) is fixedly connected to an end plate (15). The end of the top rod (14) extending out of the mounting hole two contacts the inner wall of the end plate (15).

5. The automatic positioning device for laser cutting based on machine vision according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a miniature cylinder (16), a connecting rod (17), and a connecting block (18). The miniature cylinder (16) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting bracket, and the connecting block (18) is fixedly connected to its output end. The connecting rod (17) is symmetrically rotated inside the connecting block (18).

6. The automatic positioning device for laser cutting based on machine vision according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the mounting shell (6) is provided with a mating groove. The closing plates (7) are all slidably embedded in the mating groove. The mounting shell (6) is provided with symmetrical sliding grooves (19) on the side near the connecting rod (17). The side of the closing plate (7) near the sliding groove (19) is fixedly connected with a drive rod. The other end of the drive rod extends out of the corresponding sliding groove (19) and is rotatably connected to the bottom of the corresponding connecting rod (17).

7. The automatic positioning device for laser cutting based on machine vision according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit (3) includes an industrial computer, a motion control card, and a laser control interface.

Images