Worktable for machine tools and gantry machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to numerical control machine tool technical field provides a work table and gantry machine tool for machine tool, and work table includes slide, support seat and drive assembly, and the slide is used for slidably setting in the bed body of machine tool, support seat is located in the slide, and one end of support seat is rotatively connected with one end of the slide, drive assembly is located in the slide, and is rotatively connected with one end of support seat away from the slide, and drive assembly is used for driving support seat relative to the slide and carries out the pitching rotation, the utility model provides a work table for machine tool to solve the defect of special tooling fixture and the installation five axle head in the prior art, through the integrated structure of slide, support seat and drive assembly, the high purchase and maintenance cost of five axle head are avoided, and the tedious process of tooling fixture customization is saved, and under heavy cutting condition, the spindle rigidity can be effectively maintained, and the machining error caused by vibration is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, and in particular to a worktable and gantry machine tool for machine tools. Background Technology

[0002] Standard gantry CNC machine tools typically use three-axis linkage—X-axis (table longitudinal direction), Y-axis (slide transverse direction), and Z-axis (ram vertical direction)—to drive the spindle and perform milling, drilling, and other machining operations on planes and surfaces. However, when machining inclined surfaces, three-axis linkage cannot be directly achieved and requires auxiliary devices. Existing technologies mainly employ two methods: one is to use special tooling fixtures to clamp the workpiece at an inclined angle; the other is to install a five-axis head on the machine tool.

[0003] However, specialized tooling fixtures need to be customized for different parts and angles, resulting in a wide variety, high cost, and cumbersome replacement and adjustment. Five-axis cutting heads and their control systems are technically complex, with high purchase and maintenance costs. Furthermore, the rotating components introduced by the five-axis cutting head reduce spindle rigidity, which can easily affect machining accuracy and surface quality during heavy cutting. Utility Model Content

[0004] The first aspect of this utility model provides a worktable for a machine tool to solve the defects of special tooling fixtures and the addition of a five-axis head in the prior art. Through the integrated structure of the slide, support base and drive assembly, the high procurement and maintenance costs of the five-axis head are avoided, while saving the cumbersome process of tooling fixture customization. Under heavy cutting conditions, it can effectively maintain the spindle rigidity and reduce machining errors caused by vibration.

[0005] The second aspect of this utility model provides a gantry milling machine.

[0006] The worktable for a machine tool provided by this utility model includes: A slide is used to be slidably mounted on the bed of a machine tool; A support base is provided on the slide, and one end of the support base is rotatably connected to one end of the slide; A drive assembly is disposed on the slide and rotatably connected to the end of the support base away from the slide base. The drive assembly is used to drive the support base to pitch and rotate relative to the slide base.

[0007] According to the worktable for a machine tool provided by this utility model, the drive assembly includes: The transmission rod is rotatably connected to the end of the support base away from the slide block; A linear drive component is disposed on the slide and rotatably connected to the end of the transmission rod away from the support base. The linear drive component is used to drive the transmission rod to cause the support base to pitch and rotate relative to the slide.

[0008] According to the worktable for a machine tool provided by this utility model, the linear drive component includes: A slider is slidably disposed on the slide block and rotatably connected to the end of the transmission rod away from the support base, and the moving direction of the slider is coplanar with the pitch rotation direction of the support base; A lead screw is disposed on the slide block along the direction of movement of the slider and is rotatably engaged with the slider; A driving component, connected to the lead screw, is used to drive the lead screw to rotate.

[0009] According to the worktable for a machine tool provided by this utility model, the linear drive component further includes: At least one guide rail is provided on the slide block at a distance from the lead screw along the moving direction of the slider, and the slider is slidably disposed on the guide rail.

[0010] According to the worktable for a machine tool provided by this utility model, the linear drive component further includes: A locking element is provided on the guide rail and / or the lead screw, the locking element being used to restrict the movement of the slider.

[0011] According to the worktable for a machine tool provided by this utility model, at least two transmission rods are provided, and the at least two transmission rods are evenly spaced between the support base and the linear drive component.

[0012] According to the worktable for a machine tool provided by this utility model, the slide includes: A first mounting portion, wherein the linear drive component is disposed in the first mounting portion; The second mounting part protrudes from the surface of the first mounting part; the support base is disposed on the second mounting part, and one end of the support base is rotatably connected to the second mounting part.

[0013] The worktable for a machine tool provided by this utility model further includes an angle detection component, which is disposed on the support base and / or the drive assembly, and is used to detect the pitch rotation angle of the support base.

[0014] The worktable for a machine tool provided by this utility model also includes: A turntable is disposed on the surface of the support base and rotates in conjunction with the support base; A first drive motor is mounted on the support base and meshes with the turntable; A second drive motor is mounted on the support base and meshes with the turntable. The rotational speed and direction of the second drive motor correspond to the rotational speed and direction of the first drive motor. The first drive motor and the second drive motor are used together to drive the turntable to rotate relative to the support base.

[0015] The gantry milling machine provided by this utility model includes the worktable for the machine tool as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0016] The present invention provides a machine tool worktable that integrates a slide, a support base, and a drive assembly to achieve workpiece tilting during machining. This expands the machine tool's ability to machine inclined or irregularly shaped surfaces, improving machining efficiency and economy. Furthermore, the mechanical drive method (such as ball screw or pneumatic) is easy to control and maintain, reducing operational complexity.

[0017] Compared to solutions in the prior art that rely on special tooling fixtures or five-axis heads, this invention simplifies the tilting drive structure through a mechanical transmission mechanism, avoiding the high procurement and maintenance costs of five-axis heads, while also saving the cumbersome process of customizing tooling fixtures. Furthermore, since the drive component is directly integrated into the slide, and the support base is connected to the slide via a rigid rotation point, the overall structure is compact and stable, effectively maintaining spindle rigidity under heavy cutting conditions and reducing machining errors caused by vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of a machine tool worktable provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a worktable for a machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a side view of a worktable for a machine tool provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a front view of the gantry milling machine provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a side view of the gantry milling machine provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Figure label: 100: Slide; 110: First mounting part; 120: Second mounting part; 200: Support base; 300: Drive assembly; 310: Transmission rod; 320: Linear drive component; 321: Slider; 322: Lead screw; 323: Drive component; 324: Guide rail; 325: Locking component; 400: Turntable; 500: First drive motor; 600: Second drive motor; 10: Bed; 20: Column; 30: Crossbeam; 40: Slide plate; 50: Slide ram; 60: Worktable. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of a machine tool worktable provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a worktable for a machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first aspect of this utility model provides a worktable 60 for a machine tool, hereinafter referred to as worktable 60; the worktable 60 includes a slide 100, a support base 200 and a drive assembly 300. The slide 100 is slidably disposed on the bed 10 of the machine tool, serving as the basis for the movement direction of the worktable 60 (such as the X-axis, with the machine tool as a reference).

[0031] A support base 200 is mounted on a slide 100, with one end rotatably connected to the slide 100 via a rotating connection point (such as a support shaft), allowing the support base 200 to pitch around this connection point. A drive assembly 300 is fixed to the slide 100, with its output end rotatably connected to the other end of the support base 200. The drive assembly 300 pushes or pulls the free end of the support base 200 via a transmission mechanism, thereby enabling controllable pitch angle adjustment of the support base 200 relative to the slide 100. It should be noted that there are many types of rotating connections, such as hinges, pivot connections, joint connections, and universal joint connections. In this embodiment of the invention, no specific rotating connection method is limited, and the appropriate method can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0032] In specific optional embodiments, the drive assembly 300 may include various transmission forms, such as a ball screw mechanism, a pneumatic drive mechanism, or a motor-driven swing arm mechanism. In the ball screw mechanism, the motor drives the screw 322 to rotate through a reducer, and the nut moves along the screw 322 and pushes the linkage mechanism, thereby causing the support seat 200 to tilt. The pneumatic drive mechanism directly acts on the support seat 200 through the extension and retraction of the cylinder to achieve angle adjustment. The motor-driven swing arm mechanism drives the swing arm to rotate through the motor, thereby causing the support seat 200 to tilt. Here, the motor power is indirectly transmitted through the swing arm, which can reduce the impact of motor vibration on the support seat 200. Regardless of the form used, the drive assembly 300 can accurately control the tilt angle of the support seat 200 to adapt to different processing requirements.

[0033] When the machine tool is actually running, the slide 100 moves longitudinally along the slide rail on the bed 10, providing feed for the worktable 60 in the X-axis direction. The drive assembly 300 is started according to the machining command. For example, in a ball screw mechanism, after receiving the signal, the motor reduces the speed through the reducer and outputs torque to drive the screw 322 to rotate; the nut moves linearly on the screw 322, driving the support rod to push or pull the free end of the support seat 200.

[0034] One end of the support base 200 is rotatably connected to the slide 100, thus converting the linear motion of the support rod into the arc-shaped swing of the support base 200. This allows the support base 200 to pitch around the pivot point, enabling the workpiece to tilt with the support base 200 when fixed on it, facilitating the machining of inclined surfaces or complex curved surfaces. For example, in a pneumatic drive mechanism, the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder extends and retracts according to changes in air pressure, directly acting on the end of the support base 200, similarly driving the support base 200 to complete angle adjustment. For another example, in a motor-driven swing arm mechanism, the rotation of the motor is directly amplified to the support base 200 through the swing arm, enabling the support base 200 to complete angle adjustment.

[0035] In an optional example of this utility model, the movement of the slide 100 and the pitch of the support 200 can be controlled independently or in conjunction to ensure processing flexibility; the operation of the drive component 300 is precisely coordinated by the machine tool control system, for example, by feeding back tilt angle data through an encoder to realize a closed control loop and ensure tilt positioning accuracy.

[0036] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is understood that the worktable 60 for machine tools provided in this embodiment of the present invention, through the integrated structure of the slide 100, support 200 and drive assembly 300, realizes the tilting function of the workpiece during the processing, thereby expanding the machine tool's ability to process inclined or irregular surfaces, and improving processing efficiency and economy. In addition, the mechanical drive method (such as ball screw or pneumatic) is easy to control and maintain, reducing the complexity of operation.

[0037] Compared to the solutions in the prior art that rely on special tooling fixtures or five-axis heads, the present invention simplifies the tilting drive structure through a mechanical transmission mechanism, avoiding the high procurement and maintenance costs of five-axis heads, while also saving the cumbersome process of customizing tooling fixtures. Furthermore, since the drive component 300 is directly integrated into the slide 100, and the support base 200 is connected to the slide 100 through a rigid rotation point, the overall structure is compact and stable, effectively maintaining spindle rigidity under heavy cutting conditions and reducing machining errors caused by vibration.

[0038] Continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the drive assembly 300 includes a transmission rod 310 and a linear drive component 320. One end of the transmission rod 310 is rotatably connected to the end of the support 200 away from the slide 100, and the other end of the transmission rod 310 is rotatably connected to the linear drive component 320. The linear drive component 320 is fixedly mounted on the slide 100 and is used to drive the transmission rod 310 to move, thereby causing the support 200 to achieve controllable pitch rotation relative to the slide 100.

[0039] The transmission rod 310, acting as an intermediate component for power transmission, converts the linear output of the linear drive component 320 into the rotational motion of the support base 200. The linear drive component 320 can take various forms, such as the ball screw mechanism or pneumatic drive mechanism described above, as well as hydraulic drive mechanisms, linear motor mechanisms, etc. For example, in a ball screw mechanism, the linear drive component 320 in this embodiment includes a motor, a reducer, and a ball screw. The motor reduces its speed and outputs torque through the reducer, driving the ball screw to rotate. The nut moves linearly along the ball screw and pushes the transmission rod 310.

[0040] For example, in a pneumatic drive mechanism, the linear drive component 320 in this embodiment is a pneumatic cylinder. The piston rod extension and retraction of the pneumatic cylinder directly acts on the transmission rod 310 to achieve linear drive. Both of these forms can efficiently transmit power and ensure the pitch angle adjustment of the support 200. Hydraulic drive mechanisms or linear motor mechanisms, etc., can be found in the examples above and will not be repeated here.

[0041] When the pitch angle of the support 200 needs to be adjusted, the linear drive component 320 is activated according to the control signal. Throughout the process, the linear output of the linear drive component 320 is converted into rotational motion through the transmission rod 310. The tilt angle change of the support 200 is monitored and adjusted in real time by the control system to ensure smooth operation and controllable precision.

[0042] See Figure 1 and Figure 2It is understood that in the machine tool worktable 60 provided in this embodiment of the present invention, the precise control of the pitch and rotation of the support 200 is achieved through the cooperation of the transmission rod 310 and the linear drive component 320, thereby expanding the adaptability of the worktable 60 to inclined surface machining. The transmission rod 310, as an intermediate transmission component, simplifies the power transmission path, reduces structural complexity, and improves the reliability and maintenance convenience of the system. The linear output of the linear drive component 320 is converted into rotary motion via the transmission rod 310, ensuring the stability and repeatability of angle adjustment.

[0043] Compared to solutions relying on five-axis heads or special tooling in the prior art, this embodiment avoids the high cost and technical complexity of five-axis heads, while eliminating the cumbersome process of customizing and replacing tooling fixtures. The mechanical transmission method (such as ball screw or pneumatic) has a compact structure, effectively maintaining rigidity under heavy cutting conditions and reducing the impact of vibration on machining accuracy. Compared to the motor-driven swing arm method, the linear drive method is more direct, easier to install, maintain, and debug, and can reduce the machining difficulty of the slide 100, thus improving economy and reducing costs.

[0044] Continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the linear drive component 320 includes a slider 321, a lead screw 322, and a drive component 323. The slider 321 is slidably mounted on the slide block 100, and its sliding direction is coplanar with the pitch rotation direction of the support base 200; the slider 321 is rotatably connected to the end of the transmission rod 310 away from the support base 200, and cooperates with the lead screw 322 through a nut.

[0045] The lead screw 322 is fixedly mounted on the slide block 100 along the moving direction of the slider 321. The driving component 323 (such as a servo motor or stepper motor) is connected to one end of the lead screw 322 and is used to drive the lead screw 322 to rotate, thereby driving the slider 321 to move linearly along the guide rail 324. In specific implementations, the lead screw 322 can be a ball screw or a trapezoidal lead screw. The driving component 323 can be directly connected to the lead screw 322 through a coupling, or drive the lead screw 322 after reducing its speed through a speed reducer.

[0046] For example, in an optional embodiment, the drive unit 323 is a servo motor, which directly drives the ball screw to rotate through a coupling. The ball screw nut is fixed to the bottom of the slider 321. When the screw 322 rotates, the ball screw nut drives the slider 321 to move. The slider 321 pushes the support 200 to pitch around the rotation connection point between it and the slide 100 through the transmission rod 310.

[0047] In another alternative embodiment, the drive element 323 is replaced by a stepper motor, which is connected to a trapezoidal lead screw via a worm gear reducer. The stepper motor drives the slider 321 to move linearly, and the transmission rod 310 subsequently tilts the support base 200. Both embodiments enable stable angle adjustment of the support base 200 within the range of 0° to 25°, and the coplanar arrangement of the slider 321 and the transmission rod 310 ensures the linear accuracy of power transmission.

[0048] When the pitch angle of the support 200 needs to be adjusted, the drive unit 323 receives a control signal and starts. For example, in an embodiment where a servo motor drives a ball screw, the motor output shaft drives the screw 322 to rotate via a coupling, and the nut moves axially along the screw 322 and pushes the slider 321 to slide along the guide rail 324 of the slide block 100. Since the slider 321 is rotatably connected to the transmission rod 310, the linear motion of the slider 321 can be converted by the transmission rod 310 into an arc-shaped oscillation of the support 200 around its rotatable connection point, thereby precisely controlling the tilt angle of the support 200. Furthermore, the connection point between the transmission rod 310, the slider 321, and the support 200 can also form a stable triangular lever arm structure, ensuring efficient torque transmission.

[0049] In the embodiment of stepper motor combined with trapezoidal lead screw, the motor reduces the speed and increases the torque through worm gear reducer, drives the trapezoidal lead screw to rotate, the lead screw nut drives the slider 321 to move, and the transmission rod 310 also converts the linear motion into the pitching motion of the support 200.

[0050] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is understood that the worktable 60 for machine tools provided in this embodiment of the invention improves the precise control and power transmission efficiency of the pitch and rotation of the support 200 through the lead screw 322 transmission mechanism. Throughout the process, the high-precision characteristics of the lead screw 322 transmission mechanism effectively avoid the lag problems that may exist in traditional hydraulic or pneumatic drives. The coplanar arrangement of the slider 321 and the transmission rod 310 ensures the consistency of the movement direction, reduces lateral force interference in mechanical transmission, and thus improves the stability of angle adjustment and repeatability. Furthermore, compared with the five-axis head or pneumatic solutions in the prior art, the lead screw drive has the advantages of compact structure, low maintenance cost, and strong impact resistance, making it suitable for heavy cutting conditions.

[0051] Compared to the connecting bridge structure in the prior art, this embodiment of the invention directly controls the displacement of the slider 321 by actively driving the lead screw 322, eliminating the cumulative error caused by the asynchronous driving of the two drives and improving the machining accuracy. In addition, the self-locking characteristic of the lead screw drive (such as a trapezoidal lead screw) can keep the support seat fixed at a 200° angle when the power is off, without the need for an additional locking device, thus simplifying the system complexity.

[0052] Figure 3 This is a side view of a worktable for a machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the linear drive component 320 further includes at least one guide rail 324. The guide rail 324 is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the lead screw 322 on the slide block 100 along the moving direction of the slider 321. The slider 321 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 324 so that the guide rail 324 provides guiding constraints on the moving path of the slider 321.

[0054] The function of the guide rail 324 is to restrict the slider 321 to move only along a preset linear direction, avoiding deviation or jamming caused by lateral forces, and ensuring the linear accuracy of power transmission. The guide rail 324 can adopt various structural forms, such as a linear ball guide rail 324 or a sliding dovetail groove guide rail 324.

[0055] In the embodiment of the linear ball bearing guide 324, the guide 324 is fixed by a mounting groove on the slide block 100. Ball bearings are embedded in the groove of the guide 324, and the bottom of the slider 321 has a sliding track that matches the ball bearings, forming a low-friction rolling fit. In the embodiment of the sliding dovetail groove guide 324, the guide 324 has a raised trapezoidal structure, and the bottom of the slider 321 has a groove that fits it, allowing for sliding guidance through the contact surface. In an optional embodiment of this invention, a double linear guide can also be used, i.e., two guide rails 324 are arranged parallel to each other on both sides of the lead screw 322, and the bottom of the slider 321 respectively mates with the guide rails 324, forming a double-rail support structure.

[0056] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 It is understood that in the worktable 60 for machine tools provided in this embodiment of the present invention, when the driving member 323 drives the lead screw 322 to rotate, the lead screw nut drives the slider 321 to move along the axial direction of the lead screw 322. Since the slider 321 is simultaneously in sliding engagement with the guide rail 324, the guide rail 324 forms a rigid constraint on the movement trajectory of the slider 321, which can force the slider 321 to move strictly in a straight line along the extension direction of the guide rail 324, eliminating the lateral offset caused by load bias or vibration, effectively suppressing the swaying or tilting of the slider 321 when under force, and ensuring the repeatability positioning accuracy of the pitch rotation of the support seat 200.

[0057] In addition, the guiding function of the guide rail 324 ensures that the thrust direction of the transmission rod 310 is always coplanar with the rotation plane of the support 200, reducing unnecessary torque loss. Under heavy cutting conditions, the lateral force caused by the workpiece tilting can be transmitted to the transmission rod 310 through the support 200. The guide rail 324 can absorb the lateral force through the ball or dovetail groove contact surface, maintaining the stability of the slider 321's movement trajectory and avoiding the impact of deformation on the tilt angle accuracy.

[0058] Compared to the prior art's five-axis head solutions that rely on complex bearings or air-bearing supports, the guide rail 324 has a simple and reliable structure, low maintenance costs, and stronger impact resistance, reducing the impact of vibration on machining accuracy under heavy cutting conditions. Compared to the connecting bridge structure that only passively absorbs errors, this embodiment of the invention actively eliminates motion deviations through the constraint of the active guide rail 324, improving the reliability of tilt control.

[0059] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the linear drive component 320 further includes a locking member 325, which is disposed on the guide rail 324 and / or the lead screw 322, and is used to restrict the movement of the slider 321 after it reaches the target position, so as to prevent the slider 321 from being displaced due to external force or vibration.

[0060] The locking element 325 can take the form of mechanical braking or electromagnetic locking. For example, in an optional embodiment, the locking element 325 is a mechanical brake block, which is mounted on the guide rail 324. When the slider 321 slides to a predetermined position, the brake block is pressed against the surface of the guide rail 324 by spring or hydraulic drive to form a friction lock.

[0061] In another alternative embodiment, the locking element 325 is replaced by an electromagnetic brake, integrated into the drive end of the lead screw 322. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, the lead screw 322 is released; when de-energized, the lead screw 322 journal is gripped by magnetic force, achieving rigid locking. Both forms can effectively fix the position of the slider 321, ensuring that the pitch angle of the support 200 remains stable during processing.

[0062] When the support 200 is adjusted to the desired pitch angle by the linear drive component 320, the control system sends a locking command to the locking component 325. In the mechanical brake block embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder or spring mechanism pushes the brake block to press against the contact surface of the guide rail 324, using friction to prevent the slider 321 from moving. In the electromagnetic brake embodiment, after the electromagnetic coil is de-energized, the internal permanent magnet generates magnetic attraction to make the brake pad tightly grip the journal of the lead screw 322, restricting the rotation of the lead screw 322 and thus fixing the position of the slider 321.

[0063] In the locked state, when external cutting force or vibration is transmitted to the slider 321 through the transmission rod 310, the locking member 325 absorbs energy through rigid constraint, preventing the slider 321 from deviating. When unlocking, the slider 321's degree of freedom can be restored by hydraulically releasing the brake block or by energizing the electromagnetic coil.

[0064] See Figure 1 and Figure 3It is understood that in the worktable 60 of the machine tool provided by this embodiment of the present invention, the movement of the rigid locking slider 321 effectively suppresses the displacement deviation caused by cutting force or vibration, and can ensure the repeatability of the pitch angle of the support 200. Compared with the scheme of five-axis head relying on complex servo holding torque in the prior art, the structure of this embodiment of the present invention is simple and reliable, and displacement locking can be achieved without continuous energy consumption, reducing system complexity and maintenance costs.

[0065] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 In an optional embodiment of this utility model, at least two transmission rods 310 are provided, which are evenly spaced between the support base 200 and the linear drive component 320. One end of each transmission rod 310 is rotatably connected to the end of the support base 200 away from the slide 100, and the other end is hinged to the output end (such as the slider 321) of the linear drive component 320, together transmitting power to drive the pitch rotation of the support base 200.

[0066] In specific implementations, the number of transmission rods 310 can be flexibly designed according to load requirements, such as two or four transmission rods 310. In an optional embodiment, two transmission rods 310 are used, which are arranged in parallel and symmetrically on both sides of the support base 200. The support base end of each transmission rod 310 is hinged to a symmetrical position on the edge of the support base 200, and the linear drive component end is hinged to both sides of the slider 321, forming a stable triangular lever arm structure.

[0067] When the linear drive component 320 is activated, the slider 321 moves linearly in a preset direction. Taking the embodiment with two transmission rods 310 as an example: the movement of the slider 321 is synchronously transmitted to the hinge points on both sides of the support 200 through the two transmission rods 310. Since the length of the transmission rods 310 is fixed and the hinge points are symmetrical, the linear motion of the slider 321 is converted into a synchronous arc-shaped oscillation of the support 200 around its hinge point with the slide block 100, thereby realizing the pitch rotation of the support 200. During the rotation of the support 200, multiple transmission rods 310 share the load. Even if the weight distribution of the workpiece on the support 200 is uneven, the uniform layout of the transmission rods 310 can effectively disperse the lateral force, maintain the accuracy of the rotation trajectory, and avoid structural deformation or angular deviation caused by uneven loading.

[0068] See Figure 1 and Figure 3It is understood that in the machine tool worktable 60 provided by this embodiment of the invention, the support seat 200 is subjected to more uniform force through multi-point synchronous drive, reducing the torsion or vibration that may be caused by single-point force transmission, thereby improving the accuracy and repeatability of pitch angle control. Compared with the single-point drive scheme of five-axis heads in the prior art that relies on complex bearings or special tooling, this embodiment of the invention enhances the anti-eccentric load capacity through a simple mechanical layout, adapting to the high load requirements under heavy cutting conditions. In addition, the redundant design of the transmission rod 310 reduces the load on individual components, extends service life, and simplifies the maintenance process.

[0069] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the slide 100 includes a first mounting portion 110 and a second mounting portion 120. The first mounting portion 110 is a planar structure on the slide 100, and the linear drive component 320 is fixedly mounted on the planar area. The second mounting portion 120 is a protruding structure (such as a rectangular boss or a cylindrical support) protruding from the surface of the first mounting portion 110. The support seat 200 is disposed on the second mounting portion 120, and one end of the support seat 200 is rotatably connected to the second mounting portion 120 through a hinge shaft.

[0070] In specific implementations, the protrusion of the second mounting part 120 can be flexibly designed: for example, in an optional embodiment, the second mounting part 120 is a rectangular boss with a mounting hole on its top, and the hinged end of the support base 200 is hinged to the rectangular boss by a pin.

[0071] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 It is understood that in the worktable 60 for machine tools provided in this embodiment of the present invention, the protrusion of the second mounting part 120 raises the hinge point of the support seat 200, so that the transmission rod 310 is not parallel to the slide 100 (there is an initial angle) when it is not driven. This angle avoids the static friction breakthrough stage required when the transmission rod 310 is parallel to the slide 100 in the conventional design. When the linear drive component 320 (such as the slider 321) is started, the transmission rod 310 can immediately convert the linear thrust into rotational torque, directly driving the support seat 200 to pitch and rotate, reducing start-up delay and improving response speed.

[0072] In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the worktable 60 further includes an angle detection component, which is disposed on the support 200 and / or the drive assembly 300, and is used to detect the pitch rotation angle of the support 200 relative to the slide 100 in real time.

[0073] The angle detection component can take various forms to measure angle changes, such as a rotary encoder or a rotary transformer. In one optional embodiment, the angle detection component is a rotary encoder, whose rotor is fixed on the hinge shaft between the support base 200 and the slide 100, and whose stator is fixed to the side wall of the slide 100. It directly outputs the tilt angle data of the support base 200 by detecting the rotation angle of the hinge shaft. In another optional embodiment, the angle detection component is replaced by a rotary transformer, whose rotor is mounted at the rotation fulcrum of the support base 200, and whose stator is fixed on the slide 100. It converts angle changes into electrical signals for output through the principle of electromagnetic induction.

[0074] When the drive assembly 300 drives the support base 200 to pitch and rotate, the angle detection component synchronously monitors the change in rotation angle. In the embodiment of the rotary encoder, when the support base 200 swings around the hinge axis, it drives the encoder rotor to rotate. The encoder converts the mechanical displacement into a pulse signal through the principle of grating or magnetic grating and transmits it to the machine tool control system.

[0075] In the embodiment of the rotary transformer, when the support 200 rotates, it changes the relative position of the rotor and stator, generating a phase modulation signal through electromagnetic coupling, which is then converted into a tilt angle digital value by a demodulation circuit. The control system receives the angle data in real time and compares it with a preset target angle to form a closed-loop feedback. If there is a deviation between the detected value and the preset value, the output of the drive component 300 is adjusted to correct the tilt angle.

[0076] It is understood that the worktable 60 for machine tools provided in this embodiment of the present invention achieves closed-loop control of pitch rotation by real-time monitoring of the tilt angle of the support 200 and feeding it back to the control system. This effectively improves the angle deviation caused by mechanical transmission errors or load changes, ensuring the positioning accuracy of the machined inclined surface. Compared with the prior art solutions that rely on manual adjustment or open-loop control of the five-axis head, this embodiment of the present invention avoids the cumbersome process of repeated trial cuts and calibrations, effectively shortening the machining preparation time. In addition, under heavy cutting conditions, real-time angle feedback can dynamically compensate for the slight displacement caused by vibration, maintaining machining stability.

[0077] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the worktable 60 further includes a turntable 400, a first drive motor 500, and a second drive motor 600. The turntable 400 is disposed on the surface of the support base 200 and is rotatably connected to the support base 200 through a bearing structure or a slewing bearing, thereby achieving 360° rotation around the vertical axis.

[0078] The first drive motor 500 and the second drive motor 600 are both fixed on the support base 200. They are respectively engaged with the turntable 400 through the transmission mechanism and are controlled by the same control system to ensure that their speed and direction are synchronized and jointly drive the turntable 400 to rotate relative to the support base 200.

[0079] In specific implementations, the transmission mechanism can adopt gear meshing or worm gear transmission. For example, in an optional embodiment, a large gear ring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the turntable 400, and the first drive motor 500 and the second drive motor 600 are respectively connected to pinions through reducers. The two pinions are symmetrically arranged and mesh with the large gear ring at the same time, forming a dual-point drive gear transmission structure.

[0080] In another optional embodiment, a worm gear is provided at the bottom of the turntable 400, and the first drive motor 500 and the second drive motor 600 drive the worm gear respectively, transmitting torque through the meshing of the worm gear. Both meshing methods can achieve synchronous output of the two motors. In addition, the control system adjusts the torque and speed of the two drive motors through real-time feedback to ensure torque balance and avoid rotational errors caused by gear backlash.

[0081] When the turntable 400 needs to be driven to rotate, the control system sends synchronization commands to the first drive motor 500 and the second drive motor 600. In the gear transmission embodiment, the two drive motors drive the pinions to rotate synchronously through a reducer. The pinions drive the large gear ring to rotate, which in turn drives the turntable 400 to rotate around its central axis. The two pinions mesh symmetrically on both sides of the large gear ring, forming a symmetrical torque distribution, which can effectively counteract backlash errors or off-center vibrations that may be caused by single-point drive.

[0082] In the worm gear embodiment, two worms mesh synchronously with the worm wheel, and the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear enhances the positioning stability of the rotary table 400 when stationary. For high-precision indexing, the control system can fine-tune the stepping angles of the two drive motors, eliminating transmission backlash through dual-drive complementarity. During machining, the rotary table 400 can be linked with other machine tool axes, for example, participating in feed while the support 200 is tilted, to complete continuous cutting of complex curved surfaces.

[0083] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 It is understood that the worktable 60 for machine tools provided in this embodiment of the present invention can improve the rotational error caused by gear meshing clearance by balancing the output torque through symmetrically distributed drive points, avoid crawling or positioning drift that may occur under heavy cutting conditions, and ensure the repeatability of the turntable 400 under high load conditions.

[0084] Compared to the complex servo control systems relied upon in the prior art for five-axis head systems, this embodiment simplifies the control logic and reduces maintenance costs through a mechanical dual-drive structure, while maintaining high-rigidity output characteristics. Furthermore, the dual-motor redundancy design enhances system reliability, ensuring basic functionality even in the event of a single motor failure.

[0085] Figure 4 This is a front view of the gantry milling machine provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 5 This is a side view of the gantry milling machine provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0086] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 A second aspect of this utility model provides a gantry milling machine, which includes a bed 10, a column 20, a crossbeam 30, and a worktable 60 for the machine tool as described in any of the preceding embodiments. The bed 10 is provided with slide rails, and a slide block 100 is slidably mounted on the slide rails, serving as the basis for the X-axis feed of the machine tool.

[0087] The columns 20 are fixed to both sides of the bed 10, and the crossbeam 30 is connected to the top of the columns 20. The crossbeam 30 is equipped with a Y-axis slide plate 40 and a Z-axis slide ram 50, realizing the Y-axis lateral movement and the Z-axis vertical movement. The support base 200 in the worktable 60 is connected to the slide 100 through a hinge shaft. The drive assembly 300 drives the support base 200 to achieve pitch rotation (B-axis function). The turntable 400 is mounted on the support base 200 and is driven by two motors to achieve rotation (C-axis function). In specific implementations, the overall layout of the gantry machine tool can refer to the traditional moving table gantry structure, but the fixed worktable 60 described in the aforementioned implementation is used instead of the fixed worktable 60.

[0088] When machining inclined surfaces, the slide 100 moves along the guide rail 324 of the bed 10 to provide X-axis feed; the drive assembly 300 (such as a ball screw mechanism) is activated, pushing the transmission rod 310 to drive the support 200 to pitch and rotate around the hinge point, so that the workpiece fixed on the rotary table 400 is tilted to the target angle (such as 15°). The rotary table 400 is synchronously driven by two motors to rotate the pinion gear meshing with the large gear ring, realizing the circumferential positioning of the workpiece.

[0089] During machining, the X / B / C axes can be linked with the Y / Z axes: for example, when machining curved surfaces, the slide 100 provides longitudinal feed (X-axis), the support 200 adjusts the tilt angle (B-axis), the turntable 400 rotates (C-axis), and simultaneously the Y-axis slide 40 moves laterally and the Z-axis slide 50 feeds vertically, with the five axes working together to complete complex trajectory cutting. The tilt axis is fixed at its angle by the locking element 325 during non-machining periods to avoid vibration interference.

[0090] See Figure 4 and Figure 5It is understood that in the gantry machine tool provided by this utility model embodiment, the B / C axis function of the worktable 60 enables the workpiece to be processed at multiple angles in one clamping, which improves the positioning error caused by multiple clampings and improves the processing accuracy and efficiency of complex curved surfaces (such as inclined holes or undercut structures of box-type parts).

[0091] Compared to the solutions in the background art that rely on five-axis heads, the gantry machine tool provided in this embodiment of the utility model maintains the spindle rigidity through the mechanical rotary table 400 structure, reduces vibration during heavy cutting, and can ensure surface quality; at the same time, it avoids the high procurement and maintenance costs of five-axis heads, and improves the multifunctionality and economy of the machine tool.

[0092] It should be noted that the technical solutions in the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other, but the basis for such combination is that they can be implemented by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist, that is, it is not within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A worktable for a machine tool, characterized in that, include: A slide (100) is slidably mounted on the bed (10) of the machine tool. A support base (200) is provided on the slide (100), and one end of the support base (200) is rotatably connected to one end of the slide (100); A drive assembly (300) is disposed on the slide (100) and rotatably connected to the end of the support base (200) away from the slide (100). The drive assembly (300) is used to drive the support base (200) to pitch relative to the slide (100).

2. The worktable for a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive component (300) includes: The transmission rod (310) is rotatably connected to the end of the support (200) away from the slide (100); A linear drive component (320) is disposed on the slide (100) and rotatably connected to the end of the transmission rod (310) away from the support (200). The linear drive component (320) is used to drive the transmission rod (310) to drive the support (200) to pitch relative to the slide (100).

3. The worktable for a machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The linear drive component (320) includes: The slider (321) is slidably disposed on the slide (100) and rotatably connected to the end of the transmission rod (310) away from the support (200), and the moving direction of the slider (321) is coplanar with the pitch rotation direction of the support (200). A lead screw (322) is disposed on the slide block (100) along the moving direction of the slider (321) and rotates in cooperation with the slider (321); A drive unit (323) is connected to the lead screw (322) and is used to drive the lead screw (322) to rotate.

4. The worktable for a machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The linear drive component (320) further includes: At least one guide rail (324) is provided on the slide block (100) at a distance from the lead screw (322) along the moving direction of the slider (321), and the slider (321) is slidably provided on the guide rail (324).

5. The worktable for a machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The linear drive component (320) further includes: A locking element (325) is provided on the guide rail (324) and / or the lead screw (322), the locking element (325) being used to restrict the movement of the slider (321).

6. The worktable for a machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least two transmission rods (310) are provided, and the at least two transmission rods (310) are evenly spaced between the support base (200) and the linear drive component (320).

7. The worktable for a machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slide (100) includes: First mounting part (110), the linear drive component (320) is provided in the first mounting part (110); The second mounting part (120) protrudes from the surface of the first mounting part (110); the support base (200) is disposed on the second mounting part (120), and one end of the support base (200) is rotatably connected to the second mounting part (120).

8. The worktable for a machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It also includes an angle detection component, which is disposed on the support base (200) and / or the drive assembly (300), and the angle detection component is used to detect the pitch rotation angle of the support base (200).

9. The worktable for a machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A turntable (400) is disposed on the surface of the support base (200) and rotates in cooperation with the support base (200); A first drive motor (500) is mounted on the support base (200) and meshes with the turntable (400); A second drive motor (600) is disposed on the support base (200) and meshes with the turntable (400). The rotational speed and direction of the second drive motor (600) correspond to the rotational speed and direction of the first drive motor (500). The first drive motor (500) and the second drive motor (600) are used to jointly drive the turntable (400) to rotate relative to the support base (200).

10. A gantry milling machine, characterized in that, Includes the worktable (60) for a machine tool as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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