A clamping tool for dovetail structure workpieces

Abstract

The utility model belongs to clamping frock technical field, concretely is a kind of dovetail structure workpiece clamping frock, including installation mechanism, clamping mechanism and adjusting mechanism, installation mechanism includes mounting bracket, and the top of mounting bracket is equipped with docking slot, and the both sides of the top of mounting bracket are equipped with mounting hole;Clamping mechanism includes clamping block, and the bottom of clamping block is inserted with docking slot, and the top of clamping block is equipped with dovetail slot, and the both sides of clamping block are respectively inserted with a plurality of first abutting block and second abutting block, and the inside of dovetail slot is located the top of first abutting block and second abutting block and is equipped with abutting slot, and first abutting block and second abutting block are circular truncated cone, and first abutting block and second abutting block are mirror image arrangement;The synchronous symmetrical clamping of first abutting block and second abutting block is realized by single adjusting knob, effectively solve the problem of uneven clamping force caused by traditional multiple bolts are tightened one by one, ensure that workpiece stress is uniform, prevent deformation, can effectively improve the clamping efficiency of clamping frock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of clamping fixture technology, specifically a clamping fixture for a dovetail structure workpiece. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, dovetail-structure workpiece clamping fixtures are important auxiliary equipment for the efficient machining of dovetail-structure workpieces (such as guide rails, sliders, and precision fixture components). Due to their precise positioning and stable transmission, dovetail structures are widely used in high-precision mechanical parts. To complete the precision machining of dovetail workpieces, the workpiece must be firmly clamped within the dovetail groove of the fixture to ensure no displacement or deformation during machining, thus obtaining a finished workpiece that meets the required precision.

[0003] Traditional dovetail-structure workpiece clamping devices mainly employ a multi-bolt distributed clamping method, which involves tightening multiple evenly distributed bolts on the fixture one by one to fix the workpiece. This clamping method has significant drawbacks: uneven clamping force distribution. Because multiple bolts need to be tightened one by one, it is difficult for operators to ensure that the tightening torque of each bolt is completely consistent. This results in uneven force distribution on the workpiece within the dovetail groove, which can easily lead to localized stress concentrations, affecting the workpiece's machining accuracy and surface quality.

[0004] Secondly, traditional clamping operations are inefficient and time-consuming. Each time a workpiece is changed, operators must use wrenches and other tools to loosen and tighten all bolts one by one. The clamping time for a single workpiece accounts for a significant proportion of the entire processing cycle, making rapid workpiece changeover impossible. In mass production, frequent clamping operations severely restrict production efficiency and increase labor costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model provides a clamping fixture for dovetail structure workpieces.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows: A clamping fixture for a dovetail-structured workpiece includes an installation mechanism, a clamping mechanism, and an adjustment mechanism; The mounting mechanism includes a mounting frame, with a docking groove at the top and mounting holes on both sides of the top of the mounting frame. The clamping mechanism includes a clamping block, the bottom end of which is inserted into a mating groove, and a dovetail groove at the top of the clamping block. Several first abutting blocks and second abutting blocks are inserted into the two sides of the clamping block respectively. Abutting grooves are formed at the top of the dovetail grooves corresponding to the positions of the first abutting blocks and the second abutting blocks. The first abutting blocks and the second abutting blocks are both frustum-shaped and mirror images of each other. The first abutting blocks and the second abutting blocks move along the abutting grooves to clamp the workpiece in the dovetail grooves.

[0007] Optionally, the clamping block has several moving slots inside, and slide rails are fixedly connected to both sides of the moving slots.

[0008] Optionally, a first movable block and a second movable block are fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the first abutting block and the second abutting block, respectively, and the two sides of the first movable block and the second movable block are slidably connected to the slide rail.

[0009] Optionally, a first cavity is provided at the bottom of the first movable block, and a second cavity is provided on the bottom side of the second movable block. A rack is installed at the bottom end of the first cavity and the top end of the second cavity.

[0010] Optionally, the clamping block is internally rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, on which several gears are fitted, and the gears mesh with the rack.

[0011] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes a transmission box, one side of which is connected to one end of the clamping block. A worm gear is provided inside the transmission box, and the central shaft of one side of the worm gear is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft.

[0012] Optionally, the bottom of the transmission box is equipped with a rotatable worm, the outer end of which meshes with a worm wheel.

[0013] Optionally, an adjustment knob is rotatably connected to the bottom side of the transmission box, and one side of the central shaft of the adjustment knob is fixedly connected to one end of the worm gear.

[0014] This utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The dovetail-structured workpiece uses a clamping fixture. The mounting bracket of the mounting mechanism is securely assembled with the machining center turntable through mounting holes. The mating groove provides precise positioning for the clamping blocks, ensuring accurate installation of the clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism adopts an integrated transmission design, controlling the worm gear transmission system through a single adjustment knob to achieve synchronous and symmetrical movement of the first and second clamping blocks. This ensures uniform distribution of clamping force, avoiding the uneven force caused by tightening multiple bolts one by one in traditional methods, and effectively preventing workpiece deformation and local stress concentration.

[0015] Secondly, when the first and second clamping blocks, which are frustum-shaped and mirror-arranged, move relative to each other, their truncated inclined surfaces pass through the clamping grooves, symmetrically clamping the dovetail structure of the workpiece from both sides. Combined with the gear and rack transmission mechanism, this ensures that the clamping forces on both sides are equal in magnitude and symmetrical in direction, significantly improving clamping stability and consistency. The worm gear transmission has a self-locking characteristic, and can automatically lock the clamping state after adjustment, eliminating the need for additional locking operations. At the same time, the single-knob operation greatly simplifies the clamping process and improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 The overall structure of the dovetail structure workpiece clamping fixture of this utility model Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The overall structure of the new dovetail structure workpiece clamping fixture of this utility model Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the new dovetail structure workpiece clamping fixture of this utility model; Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This utility model Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a side cross-section of the transmission box of this utility model.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1. Mounting mechanism; 101. Mounting bracket; 102. Mounting hole; 103. Connecting groove; 2. Clamping mechanism; 201. Clamping block; 202. Dovetail groove; 203. First abutting block; 204. Abutting groove; 205. Moving groove; 206. Slide rail; 207. Second abutting block; 208. Second movable block; 209. First movable block; 210. Rotating shaft; 211. First cavity; 212. Gear; 213. Second cavity; 214. Rack; 3. Adjusting mechanism; 301. Transmission box; 302. Adjusting knob; 303. Worm gear; 304. Worm. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this utility model, but not all embodiments.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example like Figures 1-6As shown, a clamping fixture for a dovetail-structured workpiece includes an installation mechanism 1, a clamping mechanism 2, and an adjustment mechanism 3. The installation mechanism 1 includes a mounting frame 101, with a mating groove 103 at the top and mounting holes 102 on both sides of the top of the mounting frame 101. The clamping mechanism 2 includes a clamping block 201, with its bottom end inserted into the mating groove 103 and a dovetail groove 202 at the top. Several first clamping blocks 203 and second clamping blocks 207 are respectively inserted. The top of the dovetail groove 202 is provided with clamping grooves 204 corresponding to the positions of the first clamping blocks 203 and second clamping blocks 207. The first clamping blocks 203 and second clamping blocks 207 are both frustum-shaped and are mirror images of each other. The first clamping blocks 203 and second clamping blocks 207 move along the clamping grooves 204 to clamp the workpiece in the dovetail groove 202.

[0021] Furthermore, the clamping block 201 has several moving grooves 205 inside, and slide rails 206 are installed on both sides of the moving grooves 205. The moving grooves 205 inside the clamping block 201 provide space for the movement of the first abutting block 203 and the second abutting block 207, and the slide rails 206 on both sides prevent the first abutting block 203 and the second abutting block 207 from shifting when they move.

[0022] Furthermore, a first movable block 209 and a second movable block 208 are respectively installed on the opposite ends of the first abutting block 203 and the second abutting block 207. The two sides of the first movable block 209 and the second movable block 208 are slidably connected to the slide rail 206. The first abutting block 203 is slidably connected to the slide rail 206 through the first movable block 209 and the second abutting block 207 is slidably connected to the slide rail 206 through the second movable block 208, so that the abutting blocks can move smoothly along the slide rail 206, improving the clamping accuracy and stability.

[0023] Furthermore, a first cavity 211 is provided at the bottom of the first movable block 209, and a second cavity 213 is provided on the bottom side of the second movable block 208. A rack 214 is installed at the bottom end of the first cavity 211 and the top end of the second cavity 213. The first cavity 211 of the first movable block 209 and the second cavity 213 of the second movable block 208 provide installation space for the rack 214. As a power transmission component, the rack 214 can convert the rotational motion of the subsequent gear 212 into the linear motion of the first movable block 209 and the second movable block 208, thereby driving the first clamping block 203 and the second clamping block 207 to perform clamping or releasing actions.

[0024] Furthermore, a rotating shaft 210 is rotatably connected inside the clamping block 201. Several gears 212 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 210. The gears 212 mesh with the rack 214. The rotating shaft 210 inside the clamping block 201 drives the gears 212 to rotate synchronously. The gears 212 mesh with the rack 214, which can synchronously drive the first movable block 209 and the second movable block 208 to move, so that the first pressing block 203 and the second pressing block 207 move closer or further away at the same time, and press the workpiece inserted into the dovetail groove 202.

[0025] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism 3 includes a transmission box 301. One side of the transmission box 301 is connected to one end of the clamping block 201. A worm gear 303 is rotatably connected inside the transmission box 301. The central shaft of one side of the worm gear 303 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 210. The worm gear 303 inside the transmission box 301 is connected to the rotating shaft 210, which can convert the power transmitted by the worm 304 into the rotational power of the rotating shaft 210. At the same time, the structural characteristics of the worm gear 303 can stably transmit torque, ensuring that the rotational speed is stable when the rotating shaft 210 drives the gear 212 to rotate.

[0026] Inside the transmission box 301, a worm 304 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the worm wheel 303. The worm 304 and the worm wheel 303 mesh with each other, which can change the direction of power transmission. Furthermore, the transmission between the worm 304 and the worm wheel 303 has self-locking properties. After adjustment, the position of the rotating shaft 210 can be fixed to prevent the first clamping block 203 and the second clamping block 207 from loosening due to external force, ensuring the stable clamping state of the dovetail structure workpiece and avoiding displacement during processing.

[0027] like Figure 6 As shown, furthermore, an adjustment knob 302 is rotatably connected to the bottom side of the transmission box 301. The central shaft of one side of the adjustment knob 302 is connected to one end of the worm gear 304. The adjustment knob 302 is directly connected to the worm gear 304. The operator can easily drive the worm gear 304 to rotate by rotating the adjustment knob 302, thereby improving the ease of operation of the tooling.

[0028] The working principle of this solution is as follows: In use, the tooling is first fixed to the turntable of the four-axis machining center through the mounting holes 102 of the mounting bracket 101. The dovetail-structured workpiece is then placed into the dovetail groove 202 of the clamping block 201. The adjusting knob 302 on the bottom side of the transmission box 301 is rotated, causing the worm gear 304 to mesh with the worm wheel 303, thus rotating the rotating shaft 210 fixedly connected to the worm wheel 303 within the clamping block 201. The gear 212 on the rotating shaft 210 rotates synchronously with the first movable block 209 and the second movable block 200. The rack 214 on block 208 engages, driving the first movable block 209 and the second movable block 208 to move along the slide rail 206 on the moving groove 205; thereby driving the first clamping block 203 and the second clamping block 207 to move towards the center simultaneously, so that the first clamping block 203 and the second clamping block 207 are embedded in the clamping groove 204 and clamp the workpiece from both sides; the self-locking of the worm gear 303 and the worm 304 fixes the position of the rotating shaft 210, ensuring stable clamping and completing the clamping of the dovetail structure workpiece to adapt to four-axis machining.

[0029] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A clamping fixture for a dovetail-structured workpiece, characterized in that, It includes an installation mechanism (1), a clamping mechanism (2), and an adjustment mechanism (3); The installation mechanism (1) includes a mounting frame (101), the top of the mounting frame (101) is provided with a docking groove (103), and the top two sides of the mounting frame (101) are provided with mounting holes (102). The clamping mechanism (2) includes a clamping block (201), the bottom end of which is inserted into the docking groove (103). A dovetail groove (202) is provided at the top of the clamping block (201). Several first abutting blocks (203) and second abutting blocks (207) are respectively inserted on both sides of the clamping block (201). Abutting grooves (204) are provided at the top of the dovetail groove (202) corresponding to the positions of the first abutting blocks (203) and the second abutting blocks (207). The first abutting blocks (203) and the second abutting blocks (207) are both frustum-shaped. The first abutting blocks (203) and the second abutting blocks (207) are mirror images of each other. The first abutting blocks (203) and the second abutting blocks (207) move along the abutting grooves (204) to clamp the workpiece in the dovetail groove (202).

2. The clamping fixture for a dovetail-structured workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping block (201) has several moving slots (205) inside, and slide rails (206) are fixedly connected to both sides of the moving slots (205).

3. The clamping fixture for a dovetail-structured workpiece according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first abutting block (203) and the second abutting block (207) are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the first movable block (209) and the second movable block (208), and the two sides of the first movable block (209) and the second movable block (208) are slidably connected to the slide rail (206).

4. The clamping fixture for a dovetail-structured workpiece according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the first movable block (209) is provided with a first cavity (211), and the bottom side of the second movable block (208) is provided with a second cavity (213). A rack (214) is installed at the bottom end of the first cavity (211) and the top end of the second cavity (213).

5. The clamping fixture for a dovetail-structured workpiece according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping block (201) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (210), and a plurality of gears (212) are fitted on the rotating shaft (210), and the gears (212) mesh with the rack (214).

6. The clamping fixture for a dovetail-structured workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (3) includes a transmission box (301), one side of which is connected to one end of the clamping block (201). The transmission box (301) is provided with a worm gear (303), and the central shaft of one side of the worm gear (303) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft (210).

7. The clamping fixture for a dovetail-structured workpiece according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the transmission box (301) is provided with a rotatable worm (304), and the outer end of the worm (304) meshes with the worm wheel (303).

8. The clamping fixture for a dovetail-structured workpiece according to claim 7, characterized in that: An adjustment knob (302) is rotatably connected to the bottom side of the transmission box (301), and the central shaft of one side of the adjustment knob (302) is fixedly connected to one end of the worm gear (304).

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