Part centering and feeding device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522016477.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-19
AI Technical Summary
但该种方法需要准备较多的工装夹具设备，设备成本高，且每次更换需要额外增加时间和人工成本，影响加工效率和总成本
[0011]本实用新型的有益效果为：通过夹杆的同步相对内移，能够完成各类圆柱状和圆锥状零部件的定位，结构简单可靠，且适用性广；通过驱动电机及齿轮机构配合实现夹杆的同步移动，对心性高，定位精度高；配合水平移动机构及竖直移动机构，能够完成不同位置的零件定位；采用平面型工装托盘，能够适配绝大多数待加工零件，不需要根据零件外形和尺寸特征准备多种托盘，上料时也不需要根据零件不同而更换工装，降低设备成本和更换所需的时间成本；工装托盘采用搭接的方式随上料输送带移动，上料动作灵活且便于操作；通过定位机构对工装托盘进行夹紧定位，准确确定工装托盘与上料输送带的相对位置关系，保持上料准确性。
Smart Images
Figure CN224880040U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automated parts feeding equipment, and in particular to a parts centering and feeding device. Background Technology
[0002] When loading materials onto machine tools such as lathes, the variety of parts that lathes can process, and the significant differences in shape characteristics among different types of parts, necessitates changing different types of pallets and tooling fixtures to ensure the parts can be accommodated and positioned. However, this method requires a large number of tooling fixtures, resulting in high equipment costs, and each change incurs additional time and labor costs, impacting processing efficiency and overall cost. Utility Model Content
[0003] This utility model aims to solve the above problems and provides a part centering and feeding device, the technical solution of which is as follows: A part centering device includes a centering mounting frame, a centering drive motor, a centering drive gear, a synchronous incomplete gear, and clamping rods. The centering drive motor is mounted vertically on the axis of the centering mounting frame and is coaxially connected to the centering drive gear, driving the centering drive gear to rotate. There are three synchronous incomplete gears, which are hinged to the centering mounting frame and symmetrically arranged about the axis of the centering mounting frame. The synchronous incomplete gears have teeth on the side near the axis of the centering mounting frame, and the teeth of the three synchronous incomplete gears mesh with the centering drive gear simultaneously. There are three clamping rods, which are fixedly connected to the three synchronous incomplete gears respectively. The clamping rods extend vertically and are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the centering mounting frame.
[0004] Based on the above scheme, it also includes drive blocks, the number of which is 3. Each drive block has its two ends hinged to the teeth of two adjacent synchronous incomplete gears, and the positions and directions of the 3 drive blocks are symmetrical about the centering frame. 3 clamps are connected to the 3 drive blocks, and the connection positions are symmetrical about the centering frame.
[0005] Preferably, it further includes a centering frame, a horizontal moving mechanism, and a vertical moving mechanism. The centering frame is fixedly connected, the horizontal moving mechanism is fixedly installed on the centering frame in the horizontal direction, the vertical moving mechanism is arranged in the vertical direction and moves in the horizontal direction on the horizontal moving mechanism, and the centering mounting frame is slidably arranged on the vertical moving mechanism.
[0006] Preferably, the lower end of the clamping rod protrudes radially outward to form a clamping ring, and there are multiple clamping rings distributed along the axial direction of the clamping rod, with gaps between adjacent clamping rings.
[0007] A parts loading device includes the aforementioned parts centering device, as well as a loading rack, a loading drive wheel, a loading conveyor belt, a tooling pallet, and a positioning mechanism. The loading conveyor belt moves horizontally from a placement position to a positioning position on the loading rack. The loading conveyor belts are arranged in pairs parallel to each other and move synchronously in the same horizontal plane. The tooling pallet has a planar structure and is placed on the loading conveyor belt at the placement position, simultaneously overlapping the two loading conveyor belts. The tooling pallet is used to place the parts to be loaded. The positioning mechanism is located at the positioning position and is arranged in pairs on both sides of the conveying direction of the loading conveyor belt. The parts centering device is located at the positioning position.
[0008] Based on the above scheme, the bottom of the tooling pallet is fixedly connected to the pallet support legs, the pallet support legs extend downwards and the bottom overlaps the feeding conveyor belt.
[0009] Based on the above scheme, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning clamping motor and a positioning clamping plate. The clamping motor is fixedly connected to the feeding rack and is arranged in a horizontal direction. The positioning clamping plate is fixedly connected to the movable part of the clamping motor and moves in a direction perpendicular to the feeding conveyor belt in the horizontal plane. The positioning clamping plate moves inward to the clamping position and moves outward to the releasing position. A guide block is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning clamping plate facing the tooling pallet. The outer side of the guide block forms a positioning groove in the horizontal plane. When the positioning clamping plate moves to the clamping position, the pallet support legs are engaged in the positioning groove. When the positioning clamping plate moves to the releasing position, the pallet support legs are released from the positioning groove.
[0010] Based on the above scheme, a transition edge is provided on the outer edge of the guide block near the tooling pallet, and the transition edge is arc-shaped.
[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By synchronously moving the clamping rods inward, various cylindrical and conical parts can be positioned; the structure is simple, reliable, and widely applicable; the synchronous movement of the clamping rods is achieved through the cooperation of a drive motor and gear mechanism, resulting in high centering and positioning accuracy; combined with horizontal and vertical moving mechanisms, parts can be positioned at different locations; the use of a flat tooling pallet can accommodate most parts to be processed, eliminating the need to prepare multiple pallets based on the shape and size characteristics of the parts, and eliminating the need to change tooling according to different parts during loading, reducing equipment costs and the time cost of replacement; the tooling pallet moves with the loading conveyor belt in an overlapping manner, making loading flexible and easy to operate; the positioning mechanism clamps and positions the tooling pallet, accurately determining the relative positional relationship between the tooling pallet and the loading conveyor belt, maintaining loading accuracy. Attached Figure Description
[0012] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the parts feeding device of this utility model; Figure 2 : Axonometric view of the bottom structure of the centering mounting bracket of this utility model; Figure 3 Bottom view of the centering mounting bracket of this utility model; Figure 4 : A partial enlarged view of the centering mounting bracket positioning mechanism of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0014] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "length," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," and "inner," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0015] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0016] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a part centering device includes a centering mounting frame 24, a centering drive motor 251, a centering drive gear 252, a synchronous incomplete gear 26, and clamping rods 28. The centering drive motor 251 is mounted vertically on the axis of the centering mounting frame 24. The centering drive motor 251 is coaxially connected to the centering drive gear 252 and drives the centering drive gear 252 to rotate. There are three synchronous incomplete gears 26, which are hinged on the centering mounting frame 24 and symmetrically arranged about the axis of the centering mounting frame 24. The synchronous incomplete gears 26 have teeth on the side near the axis of the centering mounting frame 24, and the teeth of the three synchronous incomplete gears mesh with the centering drive gear 252 simultaneously. There are three clamping rods 28, which are fixedly connected to the three synchronous incomplete gears 26 respectively. The clamping rods 28 extend vertically and are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the centering mounting frame 24. With the above structure, when the centering drive motor 251 operates, it drives the centering drive gear 252 to rotate, which in turn drives the three incompletely synchronized gears to rotate, further causing the three clamping rods 28 to retract or expand relative to the axis of the centering mounting frame 24. When the clamping rods 28 retract, they can center the cylindrical or conical parts, making the axis of the parts coincide with the axis of the centering mounting frame 24, thereby completing the positioning. Since the parts are relatively hard solids, when the clamping rods 28 retract to abut against the parts, the power provided by the centering drive motor 251 is less than the pressure required to damage the parts, so the parts will not be damaged while centering. Preferably, the lower end of the clamping rods 28 protrudes radially outward to form clamping rings 281. There are multiple clamping rings 281, and the multiple clamping rings 281 are distributed along the axial direction of the clamping rods 28, with gaps between adjacent clamping rings 281. The diameter of the clamping position of the clamping rod 28 is increased by the clamping ring 281, which makes it easier to clamp parts with smaller diameters; by setting a gap between adjacent clamping rings 281, the axial friction between the part and the clamping rod 28 is increased, which improves the stability of the centering process.
[0017] Preferably, the system further includes three drive blocks 27. Each drive block 27 has its two ends hinged to the teeth of two adjacent incompletely synchronized gears 26. The positions and orientations of the three drive blocks 27 are symmetrical about the axis of the centering mounting bracket 24. Three clamping rods 28 are connected to the three drive blocks 27, and their connection positions are symmetrical about the axis of the centering mounting bracket 24. The drive blocks 27 further ensure the synchronous rotation and angle of the three incompletely synchronized gears 26, thereby improving the synchronicity and centering of the clamping rods 28.
[0018] The part centering device also includes a centering frame 21, a horizontal moving mechanism 22, and a vertical moving mechanism 23. The centering frame 21 is fixedly connected, the horizontal moving mechanism 22 is fixedly mounted on the centering frame 21 in the horizontal direction, the vertical moving mechanism 23 is arranged in the vertical direction and moves horizontally on the horizontal moving mechanism 22, and the centering mounting frame 24 is slidably mounted on the vertical moving mechanism 23. This structure enables the centering mounting frame 24 to move in both the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby centering parts at different positions and heights.
[0019] A parts loading device includes the aforementioned parts centering device, a loading rack 11, a loading drive wheel 14, a loading conveyor belt 12, a tooling tray 15, and a positioning mechanism. The loading rack 11 is also equipped with a loading motor 13, which drives the loading drive wheel 14 to rotate. The loading conveyor belt 12 is sleeved on the loading drive wheel 14 and moves horizontally from the placement position to the positioning position on the loading rack 11. The loading conveyor belts 12 are arranged in pairs in parallel and move synchronously in the same horizontal plane. The tooling tray 15 has a planar structure. When placing cylindrical or conical workpieces to be processed, the end plane can be placed on the plane of the tooling tray 15, and the edge protrudes upward to form a surrounding edge to prevent the workpiece from tilting and rolling off. The tooling pallet 15 is placed on the feeding conveyor belt 12 at the placement position, and simultaneously overlaps with two feeding conveyor belts 12. The bottom of the tooling pallet 15 is fixedly connected to pallet support legs 151, which extend downwards and overlap the bottom of the feeding conveyor belt 12. The pallet support legs 151 raise the supporting surface of the tooling pallet 15, providing operating space for the transfer mechanism during subsequent transfer of the tooling pallet 15. A positioning mechanism is set at the positioning position and is arranged in pairs on both sides of the feeding conveyor belt 12 in the conveying direction; a part centering device is set at the positioning position. The positioning mechanism is used to determine the relative position of the tooling pallet 15 and the feeding conveyor belt 12, and the part centering device is used to determine the relative position of the part and the tooling pallet 15 or the absolute position of the part in the plane, thereby accurately positioning each tooling pallet 15 and part.
[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning clamping motor 16 and a positioning clamping plate 17. The clamping motor 16 is fixedly connected to the loading rack 11 and is arranged in a horizontal direction. The positioning clamping plate 17 is fixedly connected to the movable part of the clamping motor 16 and moves in the horizontal plane in a direction perpendicular to the loading conveyor belt 12. The positioning clamping plate 17 moves inward to the clamping position and outward to the releasing position. The positioning clamping plate 17 is fixedly connected to a guide block 171 on the side facing the tooling tray 15. The outer side of the guide block 171 forms a positioning groove 173 in the horizontal plane. There are multiple guide blocks 171, which are arranged in parallel in the horizontal plane along the direction of movement of the loading conveyor belt 12. The positioning groove 173 is located between adjacent guide blocks 171 and on the outer edge of the outermost guide block 171. When the positioning clamping plate 17 moves to the clamping position, the pallet support 151 engages in the positioning groove 173 to determine the relative position of the tooling pallet 15 and the feeding conveyor belt 12. During engagement, positioning can be achieved through the positioning groove 173 between adjacent guide blocks 171, or through the outer edge of the outermost guide block 171. The positioning groove 173 used for positioning can be adjusted according to the size of the tooling pallet 17 and the position of the positioning point. When the positioning clamping plate 17 moves to the releasing position, the pallet support 151 disengages from the positioning groove 173. Preferably, a transition edge 172 is provided on the outer edge of the guide block 171 near the tooling pallet 15. The transition edge 172 is arc-shaped, thus providing a clamping and guiding function, compensating for positional errors when the tooling pallet 15 is placed, and reducing the precision requirements and operational difficulty during manual operation.
[0021] The present invention has been described above by way of example, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any modifications or variations made based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
Claims
1. A part centering device, characterized in that, The system includes a centering mounting bracket (24), a centering drive motor (251), a centering drive gear (252), a synchronous incomplete gear (26), and a clamping rod (28). The centering drive motor (251) is mounted vertically on the axis of the centering mounting bracket (24). The centering drive motor (251) is coaxially connected with the centering drive gear (252) and drives the centering drive gear (252) to rotate. There are three synchronous incomplete gears (26), which are hinged to the centering mounting bracket (24). On the mounting bracket (24), and symmetrically arranged about the centering mounting bracket (24) axis, the synchronous incomplete gear (26) is provided with teeth on the side near the centering mounting bracket (24) axis, and the teeth of the three synchronous incomplete gears mesh with the centering drive gear (252) at the same time. There are three clamping rods (28), which are fixedly connected to the three synchronous incomplete gears (26) respectively. The clamping rods (28) extend in the vertical direction and are symmetrically arranged about the centering mounting bracket (24) axis.
2. The part centering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes drive blocks (27), there are 3 drive blocks (27), each drive block (27) has its two ends hinged to the teeth of two adjacent synchronous incomplete gears (26), and the positions and directions of the 3 drive blocks (27) are symmetrical about the center of the centering mounting frame (24), and 3 clamping rods (28) are connected to the 3 drive blocks (27), and the connection positions are symmetrical about the center of the centering mounting frame (24).
3. A part centering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a centering frame (21), a horizontal moving mechanism (22) and a vertical moving mechanism (23). The centering frame (21) is fixedly connected, the horizontal moving mechanism (22) is fixedly installed on the centering frame (21) in the horizontal direction, the vertical moving mechanism (23) is set in the vertical direction and moves in the horizontal direction on the horizontal moving mechanism (22), and the centering mounting bracket (24) is slidably set on the vertical moving mechanism (23).
4. A part centering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the clamping rod (28) protrudes radially outward to form a clamping ring (281). There are multiple clamping rings (281), and the multiple clamping rings (281) are distributed along the axial direction of the clamping rod (28), with gaps between adjacent clamping rings (281).
5. A parts feeding device, characterized in that, The part centering device includes any one of claims 1 to 4, a feeding rack (11), a feeding drive wheel (14), a feeding conveyor belt (12), a tooling pallet (15), and a positioning mechanism. The feeding conveyor belt (12) moves horizontally from the placement position to the positioning position on the feeding rack (11). The feeding conveyor belts (12) are arranged in pairs parallel to each other and move synchronously in the same horizontal plane. The tooling pallet (15) is a planar structure. The tooling pallet (15) is placed on the feeding conveyor belt (12) at the placement position and overlaps with two feeding conveyor belts (12) at the same time. The tooling pallet (15) is used to place the part to be fed. The positioning mechanism is set at the positioning position and is arranged in pairs on both sides of the feeding conveyor belt (12) in the conveying direction. The part centering device is set at the positioning position.
6. A parts feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the tooling pallet (15) is fixedly connected to the pallet support (151), the pallet support (151) extends downward and the bottom overlaps the feeding conveyor belt (12).
7. A parts feeding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism includes a positioning clamping motor (16) and a positioning clamping plate (17). The clamping motor (16) is fixedly connected to the loading rack (11) and is arranged in a horizontal direction. The positioning clamping plate (17) is fixedly connected to the movable part of the clamping motor (16) and moves in a direction perpendicular to the loading conveyor belt (12) in the horizontal plane. The positioning clamping plate (17) moves inward to the clamping position and moves outward to the releasing position. The positioning clamping plate (17) is fixedly connected to a guide block (171) on the side facing the tooling tray (15). The outer side of the guide block (171) forms a positioning groove (173) in the horizontal plane. When the positioning clamping plate (17) moves to the clamping position, the tray support leg (151) is engaged in the positioning groove (173). When the positioning clamping plate (17) moves to the releasing position, the tray support leg (151) is released from the positioning groove (173).
8. A parts feeding device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The guide block (171) has a transition edge (172) on the outer edge of the side near the tooling tray (15), and the transition edge (172) is arc-shaped.