A special fixture for external cylindrical grinder

Abstract

The utility model relates to a special fixture of external cylindrical grinding machine, its characterized in that, including: fixture shell and clamping component, the inside of fixture shell is provided with clamping component, clamping component includes clamping piece, clamping piece sets up in the inside of fixture shell, and through fixed shaft and fixture shell each other articulates, the outside of fixed shaft is equipped with torsion spring, and the both ends of torsion spring are connected with fixed shaft and clamping piece respectively. The utility model discloses through setting up clamping piece, fixed shaft and torsion spring etc. component, through the cooperation between clamping piece and fixed shaft, when the cylindrical workpiece is set between two fixtures, through adjusting the spacing between tailstock and headstock, the cylindrical workpiece is extruded stress end under the impetus of tailstock, and the clamping piece can rotate with fixed shaft as center after stress end is extruded, and the clamping end is tightly combined with the circumferential surface of both ends of cylindrical workpiece after rotating, thereby the self -adaptation clamping of cylindrical workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of fixtures for external cylindrical grinding machines, and specifically to a fixture for external cylindrical grinding machines. Background Technology

[0002] Cylindrical grinding machines are the most widely used grinding machines for machining the outer surfaces of cylindrical, conical, or other shaped workpieces, as well as the end faces of shaft shoulders. They can process various cylindrical and conical outer surfaces and end faces of shaft shoulders.

[0003] External cylindrical grinding machines typically include a tailstock and a headstock. Under the action of the transmission mechanism, the tailstock can move in a direction close to or away from the headstock, that is, change the distance between the tailstock and the headstock. Both the tailstock and the headstock are equipped with clamps. The two clamps cooperate with each other to hold the cylindrical workpiece. The transmission system inside the headstock can drive the cylindrical workpiece to rotate in the opposite direction to the rotation of the grinding wheel, thereby achieving the effect of grinding the outer circle of the cylindrical workpiece. Commonly used fixtures for cylindrical grinding machines include chucks and three-jaw chucks. Taking a chuck as an example, the workpiece is fixed to the chuck body by screws. During clamping, the tightness of the screws needs to be adjusted manually multiple times to ensure the coaxiality of the workpiece. Similarly, during unloading, the screws need to be loosened one by one. The whole process is cumbersome, and a single clamping / unloading usually takes 1-3 minutes, which is difficult to meet the high-efficiency processing requirements of mass production. To address the problem of low loading and unloading efficiency in existing fixtures, this invention proposes a special fixture for cylindrical grinding machines, which achieves rapid clamping and stable fixation of workpieces through an adaptive clamping structure. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on the above description, this utility model provides a special fixture for cylindrical grinding machines to solve the problem of long installation time in the loading and unloading process of existing fixtures.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A special fixture for external cylindrical grinding machine, comprising: a fixture shell and a clamping assembly; The clamp housing is provided with a clamping assembly inside. The clamping assembly includes a clamping member. The clamping member is disposed inside the clamp housing and is hinged to the clamp housing through a fixed shaft. A torsion spring is sleeved on the outside of the fixed shaft. The two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the fixed shaft and the clamping member. The clamping member includes a clamping end and a force-receiving end. The force-receiving end is used to contact the two end faces of the cylindrical workpiece. After being squeezed by the cylindrical workpiece, the clamping member rotates around a fixed axis. The clamping end is used to clamp the circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece. When the clamping member rotates around the fixed axis, the clamping end clamps the cylindrical workpiece.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixture housing includes a base, and a main sleeve, a connecting plate and a protective sleeve are sequentially arranged on one side of the base along the axial direction. A fixed shaft is provided between the main sleeve and the connecting plate, and a clamping member is sleeved on the outside of the fixed shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the base includes a base plate, and mounting ears are provided on the circumferential surface of the base plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the main sleeve includes a cylindrical body, on the side of the cylindrical body away from the base, a first movable hole is provided, and at least three first mounting grooves are provided on the side inside the first movable hole. The three first mounting grooves are distributed in a ring at equal intervals. At least three first limiting grooves are provided on the side of the cylindrical body facing the connecting plate, and one first limiting groove corresponds to one first mounting groove and they are interconnected.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting plate includes a plate body, and a second movable hole is provided on the surface of one end of the plate body. The second movable hole has the same size and shape as the first movable hole. At least three second mounting slots are provided on the side wall inside the second movable hole. The three second mounting slots correspond to the three first mounting slots and are interconnected.

[0011] Furthermore, the plate body is provided with at least three second limiting grooves on the side facing the main sleeve. The second limiting grooves correspond to the first limiting grooves and are interconnected.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed shaft includes a shaft body, with fixed prisms at both ends of the shaft body. The fixed prisms are disposed between the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove, and a clamping member is sleeved on the outside of the shaft body.

[0013] Furthermore, the clamping member includes a first clamping member, which includes a first force-receiving end and a first clamping end. A first hinge hole is provided between the first force-receiving end and the first clamping end. The shaft body passes through the first hinge hole. A clamping roller is provided at the end of the first clamping end opposite to the first hinge hole. The included angle between the first force-receiving end and the first clamping end is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and less than 150 degrees.

[0014] Furthermore, the clamping member includes a second clamping member, the second clamping member includes a second force-bearing end, a second clamping end is provided on the side of the second force-bearing end, and a second hinge hole is provided at one end of the second force-bearing end. The shaft body passes through the second hinge hole, and a clamping roller is provided at the end of the second clamping end opposite to the second force-bearing end. The included angle between the second force-bearing end and the second clamping end is less than 90 degrees and greater than 30 degrees.

[0015] Furthermore, the clamping roller is covered with a rubber anti-slip sleeve, which is in contact with the circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This utility model, by setting up clamping components, fixed shafts, and torsion springs, etc., and through the cooperation between the clamping components and the fixed shaft, allows the columnar workpiece to be placed between two clamps. By adjusting the distance between the tailstock and the headstock, the columnar workpiece is pushed by the tailstock to compress the force-bearing end. After the force-bearing end is compressed, the clamping component can rotate around the fixed shaft. After rotation, the clamping end is tightly fitted with the circumferential surfaces of both ends of the columnar workpiece, thereby achieving the effect of adaptive clamping of both ends of the columnar workpiece. 2. By setting the first clamping member and the second clamping member, the effect of clamping the cylindrical workpiece in different forms is achieved. The clamping effect brought about by the different clamping members is different. The two clamping members, together with the fixed shaft, the torsion spring and the fixture housing, can achieve the effect of quick loading and unloading of the cylindrical workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a special fixture for an external cylindrical grinding machine provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Another structural diagram from a different perspective; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Another structural diagram from a different perspective; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main sleeve in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first clamping member in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Another structural diagram from a different perspective; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second clamping member in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Another structural diagram from a different perspective; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed shaft structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture without a protective sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention; The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Base; 11. Base plate; 12. Mounting ear; 2. Main sleeve; 21. Cylinder body; 22. First movable hole; 23. First mounting groove; 24. First limiting groove; 3. Connecting plate; 31. Plate body; 32. Second movable hole; 33. Second mounting groove; 34. Second limiting groove; 4. Protective cylinder; 5. Clamping component; 51. First clamping component; 511. First force-bearing end; 512. First clamping end; 513. First hinge hole; 52. Second clamping component; 521. Second force-bearing end; 522. Second clamping end; 523. Second hinge hole; 53. Clamping roller; 6. Fixed shaft; 61. Shaft body; 62. Fixed prism; 7. Torsion spring; 8. Columnar workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0020] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated feature, whole, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0021] Example 1 Please see Figures 1-4 A special fixture for cylindrical grinding machines, comprising: a fixture housing and a clamping assembly; The clamp housing is provided with a clamping assembly, which includes a clamping member 5. The clamping member 5 is disposed inside the clamp housing and is hinged to the clamp housing through a fixed shaft 6. A torsion spring 7 is sleeved on the outside of the fixed shaft 6, and the two ends of the torsion spring 7 are respectively connected to the fixed shaft 6 and the clamping member 5. The clamping member 5 includes a clamping end and a force-receiving end. The force-receiving end is used to contact the two end faces of the cylindrical workpiece 8. After being squeezed by the cylindrical workpiece 8, the clamping member 5 rotates around the fixed shaft 6. The clamping end is used to clamp the circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece 8. When the clamping member 5 rotates around the fixed shaft 6, the clamping end clamps the cylindrical workpiece 8. Based on the above, the fixed shaft 6 allows the clamping member 5 to rotate around it. During the rotation, the force-bearing end contacts the end face of the cylindrical workpiece 8. During this process, the clamping end rotates around the fixed shaft 6 and then fits tightly against the circumferential surfaces at both ends of the cylindrical workpiece 8, thus achieving the effect of clamping the cylindrical workpiece 8. During this process, the clamping member 5 can adapt to the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece 8. Furthermore, by clamping multiple clamping members 5 simultaneously, the stability of the clamping is ensured, and it can adapt to cylindrical workpieces 8 of different diameters. The torsion spring 7 serves two purposes: firstly, it keeps the clamping member 5 in its initial state when it is not in operation; secondly, it resets the clamping member 5. After the cylindrical workpiece 8 is unloaded, the clamping member 5 is reset under the action of the torsion spring 7 after it loses the external pressure.

[0022] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the fixture housing includes a base 1. A main sleeve 2, a connecting plate 3 and a protective sleeve 4 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction on one side of the base 1. A fixed shaft 6 is arranged between the main sleeve 2 and the connecting plate 3. A clamping member 5 is sleeved on the outside of the fixed shaft 6. The base 1 includes a base plate 11, on which mounting ears 12 are provided on the circumferential surface. The mounting ears 12 are evenly distributed along the circumferential surface of the base plate 11, and there are 3-4 mounting ears. The mounting ears 12 are provided with oblong holes of φ8-φ12mm. The oblong holes facilitate the fine adjustment of the position during fixture installation and realize the coaxiality calibration of the fixture axis with the headstock / tailstock spindle axis (coaxiality error ≤0.005mm). Based on the above, the base 1, main sleeve 2, connecting plate 3 and protective sleeve 4 form a clamp housing, which can provide protection and movement space for the clamping components. The mounting ears 12 facilitate the connection of the base 1 to the head frame and tail frame by screws.

[0023] like Figures 3-5 As shown, the main sleeve 2 includes a cylindrical body 21. The cylindrical body 21 is provided with a first movable hole 22 on the side away from the base 1. At least three first mounting grooves 23 are provided on the side inside the first movable hole 22. The three first mounting grooves 23 are distributed in a ring at equal intervals. At least three first limiting grooves 24 are provided on the side of the cylindrical body 21 facing the connecting plate 3. One first limiting groove 24 corresponds to one first mounting groove 23 and they are interconnected. like Figure 6As shown, the connecting plate 3 includes a plate body 31. A second movable hole 32 is provided on the surface of one end of the plate body 31. The second movable hole 32 has the same size and shape as the first movable hole 22. At least three second mounting grooves 33 are provided on the side wall inside the second movable hole 32. The three second mounting grooves 33 correspond to the three first mounting grooves 23 and are interconnected. At least three second limiting grooves 34 are provided on the side of the plate body 31 facing the main sleeve 2. The second limiting grooves 34 correspond to the first limiting grooves 24 and are interconnected. Based on the above, the main sleeve 2 and the connecting plate 3 are connected to each other (the connection method includes but is not limited to welding, threaded connection, etc.). At this time, the first movable hole 22 and the second movable hole 32 are connected to each other, and the first mounting groove 23 and the second mounting groove 33 are connected to each other. At the same time, they provide space for the movement of the clamping part 5. The first limiting groove 24 and the second limiting groove 34 cooperate with each other to limit the fixed shaft 6, so that the fixed shaft 6 is fixed in position, that is, the fixed shaft 6 cannot rotate.

[0024] like Figure 3 and Figure 11 As shown, the fixed shaft 6 includes a shaft body 61, and fixed prisms 62 are provided at both ends of the shaft body 61. The fixed prisms 62 are disposed between the first limiting groove 24 and the second limiting groove 34. A clamping member 5 is sleeved on the outside of the shaft body 61. Based on the above, the fixed shaft 6, through the fixed prism 62, cooperates with the first limiting groove 24 and the second limiting groove 34 to achieve the effect of fixing the fixed shaft 6. That is, the fixed shaft 6 is fixed in position and cannot rotate on its own. Furthermore, the setting of the shaft body 61 allows the clamping member 5 to rotate around the shaft body 61 as the center.

[0025] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the clamping member 5 includes a first clamping member 51, which includes a first force-receiving end 511 and a first clamping end 512. A first hinge hole 513 is provided between the first force-receiving end 511 and the first clamping end 512. The shaft body 61 passes through the first hinge hole 513. A clamping roller 53 is provided at the end of the first clamping end 512 that is away from the first hinge hole 513. The included angle between the first force-receiving end 511 and the first clamping end 512 is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and less than 150 degrees. The clamping roller 53 is covered with a rubber anti-slip sleeve made of silicone rubber with a Shore hardness of 60-70A. The rubber anti-slip sleeve is in contact with the circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece 8. The contact between the rubber anti-slip sleeve and the circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece 8 can increase the friction to prevent the workpiece from slipping and avoid rigid contact that could scratch the workpiece surface. Based on the above, the angle between the first force-bearing end 511 and the first clamping end 512 of the first clamping member 51 is greater than or equal to 90 degrees. Therefore, the distance between the first force-bearing end 511 and the first clamping end 512 is relatively long. When the columnar workpiece 8 is inserted into the fixture housing, its end face will first contact the first force-bearing end 511 and squeeze the first force-bearing end 511 so that the first clamping member 51 can rotate around the shaft 61 that passes through the first hinge hole 513 as the center. After the first clamping member 51 rotates, it drives the first clamping end 512 to move together. After the first clamping end 512 moves, it drives the clamping roller 53 to fit tightly against the circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece 8, thereby achieving the effect of clamping the cylindrical workpiece 8. When the cylindrical workpiece 8 is clamped by the clamping roller 53 and the first clamping end 512, the axis of the cylindrical workpiece 8 is perpendicular to the axis of the clamping roller 53. That is, when the cylindrical workpiece 8 extends into the fixture housing along its axial direction, the movement direction of the cylindrical workpiece 8 is tangent to the circumferential surface of the clamping roller 53.

[0026] Example 2 like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the first clamping member 51 is replaced with the second clamping member 52. The clamping member 5 includes the second clamping member 52, which includes a second force-bearing end 521. A second clamping end 522 is provided on the side of the second force-bearing end 521, and a second hinge hole 523 is provided at one end of the second force-bearing end 521. The shaft body 61 passes through the second hinge hole 523. A clamping roller 53 is provided at the end of the second clamping end 522 opposite to the second force-bearing end 521. The included angle between the second force-bearing end 521 and the second clamping end 522 is less than 90 degrees and greater than 30 degrees. Based on the above, the angle between the second force-bearing end 521 and the second clamping end 522 of the second clamping member 52 is smaller than that of the first clamping member 51, that is, the spacing is smaller. When clamping, the area of ​​the columnar workpiece 8 extending into the fixture housing is shorter, which allows more of the columnar workpiece 8 to be exposed to the outside. Meanwhile, the clamping area of ​​the first clamping member 51 is larger, which makes the clamping stability higher. In the above embodiment, the protective cylinder 4 is removed (e.g.) Figure 12 As shown, the fixture housing does not have a protective sleeve 4, which makes it easier to observe the state of the clamping parts 5, and increases the area of ​​the columnar workpiece 8 exposed to the air.

[0027] In summary, the fixture, through the arrangement of the clamping member 5, the fixed shaft 6, and the torsion spring 7, allows the cylindrical workpiece 8 to extend into the fixture along the axial direction of the fixture housing when it is inserted, and to contact the force-bearing end of the clamping member 5 and press the force-bearing end. At this time, the clamping member 5 rotates around the fixed shaft 6 under the action of external force, driving the clamping end to fit tightly against the circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece 8, thereby achieving the effect of clamping the cylindrical workpiece 8. During the above process, there is no need for staff to tighten screws or perform other operations. Simply place the cylindrical workpiece 8 between the two clamps and drive the tailstock toward the headstock. Loading is convenient. Similarly, when unloading, simply drive the tailstock away from the headstock and pull out the cylindrical workpiece 8. During the clamping process, the angle at which the clamping member 5 rotates around the fixed shaft 6 is related to the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece 8 and the feed amount of the cylindrical workpiece 8. Therefore, it can automatically adapt to cylindrical workpieces 8 of different diameters, that is, it can quickly and conveniently clamp different cylindrical workpieces 8.

[0028] The work process is as follows: (a) Fixture installation and calibration The two clamps are fixed to the mounting flanges of the headstock and tailstock respectively via the mounting ears 12 of the base 1. The runout of the clamp end face is measured with a dial indicator. The position of the screw in the oblong hole of the mounting ear 12 is adjusted to make the coaxiality of the axis of the two clamps with the axis of the headstock spindle ≤0.005mm. According to the size and type of the workpiece to be processed, select the first clamping member 51 or the second clamping member 52, and install the clamping member 5 between the main sleeve 2 and the connecting plate 3 through the fixed shaft 6 to ensure that the fixed prism 62 is fully embedded in the combined cavity of the first limiting groove 24 and the second limiting groove 34 to prevent the fixed shaft 6 from rotating. Install the torsion spring 7 and ensure that its two ends are reliably connected to the fixed shaft 6 and the clamping part 5 respectively. Manually rotate the clamping part 5 to check whether its rotation is smooth and without any jamming. If the workpiece needs to be observed in its clamping state, a protective sleeve 4 made of transparent polycarbonate material should be selected; if there is a lot of abrasive debris in the processing environment, a protective sleeve 4 made of thin steel plate should be selected.

[0029] (ii) Workpiece clamping Start the tailstock drive mechanism of the cylindrical grinding machine to move the tailstock away from the headstock, increasing the distance between the two fixtures. The distance should be 5-10mm larger than the length of the workpiece. One end of the cylindrical workpiece 8 is inserted into the combined cavity of the first movable hole 22 and the second movable hole 32 of the headstock side clamp, so that the end face of the workpiece contacts the force-bearing end of the clamping member 5 inside the clamp. Start the tailstock transmission mechanism to move the tailstock closer to the headstock. The tailstock side clamp moves with the tailstock, and the force-bearing end of the clamping member 5 inside it contacts the other end face of the workpiece and is squeezed. As the tailstock continues to move, the compressive force of the workpiece on the force-bearing end of the clamping member 5 gradually increases, pushing the clamping member 5 to rotate around the fixed shaft 6. At this time, the torsion spring 7 is torsionally deformed. When the clamping end of the clamping member 5 with the clamping roller 53 is fully in contact with the circumferential surface of the workpiece, the tailstock movement stops. At this time, the three clamping members 5 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the workpiece. Through the friction between the rubber anti-slip sleeve of the clamping roller 53 and the surface of the workpiece, the workpiece is stably clamped. The clamping process is completed, taking about 20-30 seconds.

[0030] (III) Workpiece processing and unloading Start the headstock transmission system to drive the workpiece to rotate around its own axis (the speed is adjusted according to the workpiece diameter, such as 200r / min for a φ50mm 45 steel workpiece). At the same time, start the grinding wheel head to make the grinding wheel rotate at high speed (3000r / min). The grinding of the outer circle of the workpiece is achieved by the longitudinal feed of the worktable and the transverse feed of the grinding wheel head. During the processing, the clamping roller 53 rotates with the workpiece to avoid sliding friction with the workpiece surface and reduce scratches on the workpiece surface; the elastic deformation of the rubber anti-slip sleeve can compensate for the small roundness error of the workpiece and ensure uniform clamping force. After the workpiece is processed, stop the rotation of the headstock and grinding wheel frame, start the tailstock transmission mechanism, and move the tailstock away from the headstock. The tailstock side clamp separates from the workpiece, and the extrusion force of the workpiece on the force-bearing end of the clamping part 5 disappears. Under the elastic potential energy of the torsion spring 7, the clamping part 5 returns to its original position around the fixed shaft 6, and the clamping end separates from the circumferential surface of the workpiece. At this time, the workpiece can be directly removed from between the two clamps to complete the unloading, which takes about 10-15 seconds.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A special fixture for an external cylindrical grinding machine, characterized in that, include: Clamp housing and clamping components; The clamp housing is provided with a clamping assembly inside. The clamping assembly includes a clamping member (5). The clamping member (5) is disposed inside the clamp housing and is hinged to the clamp housing through a fixed shaft (6). A torsion spring (7) is sleeved on the outside of the fixed shaft (6). The two ends of the torsion spring (7) are respectively connected to the fixed shaft (6) and the clamping member (5). The clamping member (5) includes a clamping end and a force-receiving end. The force-receiving end is used to contact the two end faces of the columnar workpiece (8). After being squeezed by the columnar workpiece (8), the clamping member (5) rotates around the fixed shaft (6). The clamping end is used to clamp the circumferential surface of the columnar workpiece (8). When the clamping member (5) rotates around the fixed shaft (6), the clamping end clamps the columnar workpiece (8).

2. The special fixture for cylindrical grinding machines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixture housing includes a base (1), and a main sleeve (2), a connecting plate (3) and a protective sleeve (4) are arranged sequentially on one side of the base (1) along the axial direction. A fixed shaft (6) is arranged between the main sleeve (2) and the connecting plate (3), and a clamping member (5) is sleeved on the outside of the fixed shaft (6).

3. The special fixture for cylindrical grinding machines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (1) includes a base plate (11), and mounting ears (12) are provided on the circumferential surface of the base plate (11).

4. The special fixture for cylindrical grinding machines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main sleeve (2) includes a cylinder (21). A first movable hole (22) is provided on the side of the cylinder (21) away from the base (1). At least three first mounting grooves (23) are provided on the side inside the first movable hole (22). The three first mounting grooves (23) are distributed in a ring at equal intervals. At least three first limiting grooves (24) are provided on the side of the cylinder (21) facing the connecting plate (3). One first limiting groove (24) corresponds to one first mounting groove (23) and they are interconnected.

5. The special fixture for cylindrical grinding machines according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting plate (3) includes a plate body (31). A second movable hole (32) is provided on the surface of one end of the plate body (31). The second movable hole (32) is the same size and shape as the first movable hole (22). At least three second mounting grooves (33) are provided on the side wall inside the second movable hole (32). The three second mounting grooves (33) correspond to the three first mounting grooves (23) and are interconnected.

6. The special fixture for cylindrical grinding machines according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plate (31) is provided with at least three second limiting grooves (34) on the side facing the main sleeve (2). The second limiting grooves (34) correspond to the first limiting grooves (24) and are interconnected.

7. The special fixture for cylindrical grinding machines according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixed shaft (6) includes a shaft body (61), and fixed prisms (62) are provided at both ends of the shaft body (61). The fixed prisms (62) are located between the first limiting groove (24) and the second limiting groove (34). A clamping member (5) is sleeved on the outside of the shaft body (61).

8. The special fixture for cylindrical grinding machines according to claim 7, characterized in that, The clamping member (5) includes a first clamping member (51), which includes a first force-receiving end (511) and a first clamping end (512). A first hinge hole (513) is provided between the first force-receiving end (511) and the first clamping end (512). The shaft body (61) passes through the first hinge hole (513). A clamping roller (53) is provided at the end of the first clamping end (512) facing away from the first hinge hole (513). The included angle between the first force-receiving end (511) and the first clamping end (512) is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and less than 150 degrees.

9. The special fixture for cylindrical grinding machines according to claim 7, characterized in that, The clamping member (5) includes a second clamping member (52), which includes a second force-bearing end (521). A second clamping end (522) is provided on the side of the second force-bearing end (521), and a second hinge hole (523) is provided at one end of the second force-bearing end (521). The shaft (61) passes through the second hinge hole (523). A clamping roller (53) is provided at the end of the second clamping end (522) away from the second force-bearing end (521). The included angle between the second force-bearing end (521) and the second clamping end (522) is less than 90 degrees and greater than 30 degrees.

10. The special fixture for cylindrical grinding machines according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The clamping roller (53) is covered with a rubber anti-slip sleeve, which is in contact with the circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece (8).

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