A rotary reciprocating mechanical structure suitable for internal spline grinding

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of rotary reciprocating mechanical structures suitable for internal spline grinding, it is related to grinding field, to solve the problem of the existing internal spline processing equipment, due to the mass of moving parts, overshoot and positioning error are prone to under high-speed motion state, it is difficult to realize accurate motion trajectory control, including bearing seat, the bearing seat is rotationally connected with rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is equipped with guide hole, the guide hole is rotationally connected with grinding spindle, one end of the grinding spindle is fixedly connected with grinding tool, the other end of the grinding spindle is fixedly connected with limit guide block, limit guide block is rotationally connected with reciprocating sliding connection sleeve, limit guide block side is equipped with rotating mechanism, advantage lies in: by controlling grinding spindle to move left and right, it is convenient to control sliding accuracy, guarantee product quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grinding technology, and in particular to a rotary reciprocating mechanical structure suitable for internal spline grinding. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical transmission, internal splines are key connecting components, and their machining accuracy directly affects the performance and reliability of the transmission system. The internal spline grinding process is the core step in ensuring its dimensional accuracy and surface quality, and the motion accuracy and stability of the grinding head are crucial.

[0003] Currently, various grinding machines for internal spline machining exist in the prior art. Referring to patent application number 202510080911.8, a reciprocating grinding machine is disclosed, which uses a drive mechanism to drive the grinding head and its base to reciprocate to achieve the grinding process. However, this structure has obvious technical defects: First, the reciprocating motion mechanism of this equipment suffers from significant inertia issues. Since the reciprocating movement of the grinding head is driven by its base, which integrates multiple components such as the motor and transmission mechanism, its overall weight is substantial. During high-speed reciprocating motion, this enormous mass generates significant inertial forces, causing noticeable jerking when the equipment changes direction. This instability not only affects the surface quality of the ground material but also generates vibration and noise.

[0004] Secondly, the dynamic performance of this structure is limited. Heavy moving parts generate significant kinetic energy during high-speed reciprocating motion. When reversing direction, the drive system needs to consume a large amount of energy to overcome inertia, which not only increases energy consumption but also limits the maximum operating frequency of the equipment. Simultaneously, the inertial impact of the moving parts will react on the rotating shaft through the transmission system. Long-term operation may damage the rotating shaft and related transmission components, affecting the service life of the equipment.

[0005] Furthermore, the equipment also has shortcomings in precision control. Due to the large mass of the moving parts, overshoot and positioning errors are prone to occur during high-speed movement, making it difficult to achieve precise motion trajectory control. Especially in applications requiring high-precision machining, such as internal splines, insufficient motion smoothness and positioning accuracy will directly affect the final machining quality. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, this utility model provides a rotary reciprocating mechanical structure suitable for internal spline grinding. This design effectively solves the problem that existing internal spline processing equipment is prone to overshoot and positioning errors at high speed due to the large mass of the moving parts, making it difficult to achieve precise motion trajectory control.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention includes a bearing housing, a rotating shaft rotatably connected inside the bearing housing, a guide hole provided inside the rotating shaft, a grinding spindle rotatably connected inside the guide hole, one end of the grinding spindle being fixedly connected to a grinding tool, and a limit guide block being fixedly connected to the other end of the grinding spindle, a reciprocating sliding connecting sleeve being rotatably connected to the limit guide block, and a rotating mechanism being provided on the side of the limit guide block.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a base, a drive wheel is fixedly connected between the base and the rotating shaft, the drive wheel is located outside the bearing seat, and the base is provided with a through hole for the sliding of the limiting guide block.

[0009] Preferably, the drive wheel is a pulley, and two sets of symmetrically distributed guide bearings are provided on the outer side of the through hole. The limiting guide block is provided with a guide pressure surface that cooperates with the guide bearing. The guide bearing abuts against the guide pressure surface. A pin is connected to the middle of the guide bearing. The pin is rotatably connected to a support block. The support block is fixedly connected to the base.

[0010] Preferably, there are two guide bearings, which are located on both sides of the support block.

[0011] Preferably, a first double-row tapered roller bearing and an angular contact bearing are installed between the bearing housing and the rotating shaft. The first double-row tapered roller bearing has a first washer on its side and an end cap on its side. The angular contact bearing has a second washer on its side and a first preload nut on its side.

[0012] Preferably, a second double-row tapered roller bearing is also fitted on the rotating shaft. An adjusting shim is provided on one side of the second double-row tapered roller bearing, and an adjusting cover is provided on the other side of the second double-row tapered roller bearing. A second preload nut is provided on the side of the adjusting cover.

[0013] Preferably, a linear bearing is installed in the guide hole, and the inner ring of the linear bearing is fixedly connected to the grinding spindle.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the outstanding advantages of this utility model are: This application utilizes a grinding spindle for linear sliding left and right, resulting in a small overall mass and less inertia, making it easier to control and ensuring that the grinding spindle can work more efficiently, thus improving equipment lifespan and accuracy. Furthermore, the grinding spindle is driven to rotate by a rotary mechanism, ensuring multi-path motion without affecting its machining accuracy and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating mechanism of this utility model.

[0018] Labels in the diagram: 1. Bearing housing; 2. End cap; 3. First shim; 4. Rotating shaft; 5. Linear bearing; 6. Grinding spindle; 7. First double-row tapered roller bearing; 8. Angular contact bearing; 9. Second shim; 10. First preload nut; 11. Adjusting shim; 12. Second double-row tapered roller bearing; 13. Adjusting cap; 14. Second preload nut; 15. Pulley; 16. Rotating mechanism; 1601. Base; 1602. Guide bearing; 1603. Guide pressure surface; 1604. Pin; 1605. Support block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] Please see the appendix Figure 1-3 This embodiment describes a rotary reciprocating mechanical structure suitable for internal spline grinding: it includes a bearing housing 1, a rotating shaft 4 rotatably connected inside the bearing housing 1, a guide hole provided inside the rotating shaft 4, a grinding spindle 6 rotatably connected inside the guide hole, one end of the grinding spindle 6 being fixedly connected to a grinding tool, and a limit guide block being fixedly connected to the other end of the grinding spindle 6, a reciprocating sliding connecting sleeve being rotatably connected to the limit guide block, and a rotating mechanism 16 being provided on the side of the limit guide block.

[0021] The bearing housing 1 is the outermost structure and is a fixed component, permanently installed with the grinding table. The rotary shaft 4 is located inside the bearing housing 1. The hollow tubular structure of the rotary shaft 4 allows it to rotate within the bearing housing 1. The grinding spindle 6 is located within a guide hole in the bearing housing 1. One end of the grinding spindle 6 is connected to the grinding tool, and the other end is connected to a reciprocating feed mechanism. The grinding spindle 6 can move left and right within the rotary shaft 4. The guide hole of the rotary shaft 4 provides horizontal guidance for its horizontal movement. A limiting guide block is fixedly connected to the grinding spindle 6. The rotating mechanism 16 has only horizontal sliding freedom with respect to the limiting guide block. The rotating mechanism 16 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 4. Therefore, the rotating mechanism 16 can drive the rotation of the grinding spindle 6 through the limiting guide block. To further avoid interference between the rotation of the grinding spindle 6 and the reciprocating feed motion, a connecting sleeve is rotatably connected to the grinding spindle 6. The connecting sleeve is installed with the grinding spindle 6 in a coaxial manner. In this way, the grinding spindle 6 will rotate within the connecting sleeve, and the connecting sleeve can be connected to the reciprocating feed mechanism relatively stationary, thus avoiding interference between the motions.

[0022] The rotating mechanism 16 consists of a base 1601 and a drive wheel, wherein the drive wheel is the component that drives the rotating shaft 4 and the base 1601 to rotate. The drive wheel is preferably a pulley 15. A through hole on the base 1601 allows the limiting guide block to pass through. Guide bearings 1602 are provided on both sides of the limiting guide block, and the two sets of guide bearings 1602 are spaced 180 degrees apart. The two guide bearings 1602 respectively abut against the guide pressure surface 1603 of the limiting guide rod. The guide pressure surface 1603 is a plane, and the limiting guide rod is fixed in place by contact with it through the guide bearings 1602. The static friction of horizontal sliding is transformed into rolling friction, reducing its coefficient of friction and improving the utilization rate of the equipment. The guide bearing 1602 is mounted on the support block 1605 of the base 1601 via the pin 1604. To further ensure the horizontal movement of the limit guide rod, each set of guide bearings 1602 is provided with two, or one set has two and the other set has one. In this way, the guide bearing 1602 not only reduces the coefficient of friction, but also effectively limits the guide pressure surface 1603, ensuring that the base 1601 can drive the limit guide rod to rotate.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the end cap 2 is located on the far left of the bearing housing 1 and is connected to the bearing housing 1 by bolts. The first gasket 3, the angular contact bearing 8, the first double-row tapered roller bearing 7, the second gasket, and the first preload nut 10 on the left side of the cap are all located inside the bearing housing 1. The preload nut is used to adjust the preload force between the first gasket 3 and the second gasket and the angular contact bearing 8 and the first double-row tapered roller bearing 7, to eliminate the internal clearance of the bearing, improve the rigidity, precision, stability and life of the bearing, and adapt to harsh working conditions such as high precision, high speed and variable load.

[0024] Double-row tapered roller bearings consist of two sets of single-row tapered roller bearings with their inner rings integrated into one unit and the outer ring as a single piece. They use tapered rollers as rolling elements and tapered raceways as the mating structure; they can simultaneously withstand large radial loads and bidirectional axial loads. Angular contact bearings (8) consist of an inner ring, outer ring, rolling elements, and a cage. The line connecting the contact points of the raceways and rolling elements forms a certain angle with the bearing axis; they can simultaneously withstand radial loads and unidirectional axial loads, and can achieve bidirectional axial load carrying by using them in pairs.

[0025] The turntable sequence between the rotating shaft 4 and the bearing housing 1 is as follows: First, install the end cap 2, the first shim 3, the double-row tapered roller bearing, the angular contact bearing 8, and the second shim on the rotating shaft 4, and tighten the first preload nut 10 to preload the bearing; then install the adjusting shim 11 and the second double-row tapered roller bearing 12 on the rotating shaft 4; connect the bearing housing 1 and the end cap 2 with hex socket head cap screws, install the adjusting cap 13, and preload with the second preload nut; connect the rotating mechanism 16 to the rotating shaft 4 with hex socket head cap screws.

[0026] Furthermore, to ensure that the grinding spindle 6 moves linearly within the rotating shaft 4 and to prevent the grinding spindle 6 from shifting in the working chamber, a linear bearing 5 is installed within the rotating shaft 4. The linear bearing 5 guides its movement. The linear bearing 5 is a rolling bearing that guides the component to achieve linear reciprocating motion. By rolling the rolling elements (steel balls, rollers, etc.) between the inner and outer raceways, it reduces the frictional resistance of the component during movement and ensures the accuracy and stability of the movement.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A rotary reciprocating mechanical structure suitable for internal spline grinding, characterized in that: Includes a bearing housing (1), a rotating shaft (4) is rotatably connected inside the bearing housing (1), a guide hole is provided inside the rotating shaft (4), a grinding spindle (6) is rotatably connected inside the guide hole, one end of the grinding spindle (6) is fixedly connected to a grinding tool, and the other end of the grinding spindle (6) is fixedly connected to a limit guide block, a reciprocating sliding connecting sleeve is rotatably connected to the limit guide block, and a rotating mechanism (16) is provided on the side of the limit guide block.

2. The rotary reciprocating mechanical structure suitable for internal spline grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (16) includes a base (1601), and a drive wheel is fixedly connected between the base (1601) and the rotating shaft (4). The drive wheel is located outside the bearing seat (1), and the base (1601) is provided with a through hole for the sliding of the limiting guide block.

3. A rotary reciprocating mechanical structure suitable for internal spline grinding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive wheel is a pulley (15). Two sets of symmetrically distributed guide bearings (1602) are provided on the outside of the through hole. The limiting guide block is provided with a guide pressure surface (1603) that cooperates with the guide bearing (1602). The guide bearing (1602) abuts against the guide pressure surface (1603). A pin (1604) is connected in the middle of the guide bearing (1602). The pin (1604) is rotatably connected to a support block (1605). The support block (1605) is fixedly connected to the base (1601).

4. A rotary reciprocating mechanical structure suitable for internal spline grinding according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are two guide bearings (1602), which are located on both sides of the support block (1605).

5. A rotary reciprocating mechanical structure suitable for internal spline grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first double-row tapered roller bearing (7) and an angular contact bearing (8) are installed between the bearing housing (1) and the rotating shaft (4). The first double-row tapered roller bearing (7) has a first washer (3) on its side and an end cap (2) on its side. The angular contact bearing (8) has a second washer (9) on its side and a first preload nut (10) on its side.

6. A rotary reciprocating mechanical structure suitable for internal spline grinding according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (4) is also fitted with a second double-row tapered roller bearing. An adjusting shim (11) is provided on one side of the second double-row tapered roller bearing (12), and an adjusting cover (13) is provided on the other side of the second double-row tapered roller bearing (12). A second preload nut (14) is provided on the side of the adjusting cover (13).

7. A rotary reciprocating mechanical structure suitable for internal spline grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that: A linear bearing (5) is installed in the guide hole, and the inner ring of the linear bearing is fixedly connected to the grinding spindle (6).

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