Rotary reciprocating static pressure mechanism suitable for internal spline grinding

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of rotary reciprocating static pressure mechanisms suitable for internal spline grinding, it is related to grinding equipment field, to solve the problem of the movement inertia of existing grinding equipment, dynamic stability is poor and guiding precision is insufficient, main shaft stability is limited, including bearing chamber, the bearing chamber is rotatably connected with rotary piece, rotary piece is equipped with mounting hole, grinding spindle is equipped in the mounting hole, main shaft guiding assembly is equipped between the grinding spindle and rotary piece, first skeleton oil seal is equipped in the both sides of main shaft guiding assembly, linear tractor is connected in the side of grinding spindle, rotary piece is fixedly connected with rotating assembly, rotating assembly is slidably connected with the grinding spindle, advantage lies in: by the linear movement of driving quality lighter grinding spindle, effectively inhibit the inertia impact of moving component, and simultaneously ensure that grinding spindle has very high radial and axial movement precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grinding equipment technology, and in particular to a rotary reciprocating hydrostatic mechanism suitable for internal spline grinding. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical transmission, internal splines, as key interface elements connecting shafts with gears, couplings, and other parts, directly determine the load-bearing capacity, motion smoothness, noise level, and service life of the entire transmission system due to their tooth profile accuracy, indexing accuracy, and surface quality. The grinding process of internal splines is the final and core process to ensure they meet high precision requirements, and in this process, the motion accuracy and dynamic stability of the grinding head are key factors determining the machining quality.

[0003] Currently, various devices and solutions exist in the prior art for precision machining of internal splines. For example, Chinese patent application No. 202510080911.8 discloses a reciprocating grinding device. This device uses a drive mechanism to drive the entire base module, including the grinding head, its drive motor, and transmission components, to perform reciprocating linear motion to achieve grinding of the workpiece.

[0004] However, in pursuing high efficiency and high precision, these existing technical solutions have revealed two core technical defects that urgently need to be addressed: First, the motion has high inertia and poor dynamic stability. The above-mentioned solution treats components with a certain mass, such as the motor and transmission parts, together with the grinding head as the mass in reciprocating motion, resulting in a significant increase in the total inertia of the moving parts. According to Newton's second law, at the moment of high-speed reciprocating motion and change of motion direction, the huge inertial force will cause impact and jerking of the system. This unstable motion characteristic will be directly transmitted to the contact area between the grinding edge and the workpiece. On the one hand, it will generate vibration marks on the machined surface, affecting surface roughness and geometric accuracy; on the other hand, continuous vibration and impact will accelerate the wear of the grinding wheel, reduce the service life of key components of the equipment, and generate unpleasant working noise.

[0005] Secondly, insufficient guiding accuracy limits spindle stability. Existing equipment typically uses traditional rolling bearings or sliding bearing housings to support and guide the grinding spindle. Although these structures can achieve rotation and a certain degree of linear motion, in actual operation, due to the combined effects of bearing clearance, part machining errors, and assembly precision, the theoretical axis of the spindle will experience a micrometer-level offset and drift in space under the combined working conditions of rotation and linear reciprocating motion. This "axis drift" phenomenon disrupts the predetermined precise relative motion relationship between the grinding head and the internal spline profile, directly leading to increased tooth profile error and decreased tooth pitch accuracy after grinding, making it difficult to meet the machining requirements of ultra-high precision internal splines in aerospace, precision machine tools, and other fields. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, this utility model provides a rotary reciprocating hydrostatic mechanism suitable for internal spline grinding. This design effectively solves the problems of large motion inertia, poor dynamic stability, insufficient guiding accuracy, and limited spindle stability of existing grinding equipment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention includes a bearing chamber, a rotating component rotatably connected to the bearing chamber, a mounting hole provided in the rotating component, a grinding spindle provided in the mounting hole, a spindle guide assembly provided between the grinding spindle and the rotating component, a first skeleton oil seal provided on both sides of the spindle guide assembly, a linear traction device connected to one side of the grinding spindle, a rotating component fixedly connected to the rotating component, and the rotating component slidably connected to the grinding spindle.

[0008] Preferably, the spindle guide assembly includes two sets of copper sleeves, which are symmetrically sleeved on the grinding spindle. Nut washers are provided on the outer side of the copper sleeves, and a first clamping bolt and a second clamping bolt are installed between the nut washers and the copper sleeves.

[0009] Preferably, the outer contour of the copper sleeve is a frustum structure, and the mounting hole is a columnar structure that is thinner in the middle and thicker at both ends.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating component includes a rotating shaft, on which a pulley is fixedly connected, and a static pressure chamber is provided between the rotating shaft and the bearing chamber, the static pressure chamber being connected to a one-way liquid inlet.

[0011] Preferably, rolling bearings are provided at both ends of the bearing housing, the rolling bearings are sleeved on the rotating shaft, and an oil seal mounting seat is provided outside the rolling bearing. A second skeleton oil seal is sleeved on the oil seal mounting seat, and the second skeleton oil seal is fixed to the bearing housing by an internal hexagon screw.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a base, which is fixedly connected to the rotating component. Two sets of support seats are fixedly connected to the base, and pins are rotatably connected to the support seats. Guide bearings are rotatably connected inside the pins. The two sets of guide bearings abut against the grinding spindle, and the grinding spindle has guide grooves that cooperate with the guide bearings.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the outstanding advantages of this utility model are: This application decouples rotary motion from linear reciprocating motion by using rotating parts and rotating components, and provides hydrostatic support and precision guidance for the grinding spindle. This effectively eliminates inertial impact and axis drift, achieving highly stable and precise composite motion, ensuring stable height movement of the grinding spindle, thereby improving processing efficiency and quality. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating component structure of this utility model.

[0017] The following are the labeling elements in the diagram: 1. Bearing chamber; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Main shaft; 4. Copper sleeve; 5. Nut washer; 6. First clamping bolt; 7. Second clamping bolt; 8. First skeleton oil seal; 9. Rolling bearing; 10. Oil seal mounting base; 11. Second skeleton oil seal; 12. Hex socket screw; 13. Pulley; 14. Rotating assembly; 1401. Base; 1402. Support base; 1403. Pin; 1404. Guide bearing; 15. Static pressure chamber; 16. One-way liquid inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Please see the appendix Figure 1-3 This embodiment describes a rotary reciprocating hydrostatic mechanism suitable for internal spline grinding: it includes a fixed bearing chamber 1, within which a rotating component is rotatably connected via a support system. The rotating component has a through mounting hole inside, within which a grinding spindle 3, slidable along its axial direction, is mounted. The front end of the grinding spindle 3 is used to mount a grinding head. Between the grinding spindle 3 and the mounting hole of the rotating component, a precision spindle 3 guide assembly is provided. This assembly ensures the guiding accuracy of the grinding spindle 3 during linear motion. On both sides of the spindle 3 guide assembly, first skeleton oil seals 8 are provided for... To seal the lubricating medium and prevent external contaminants from entering, the tail end (non-working end) of the grinding spindle 3 is connected to the output end of a linear traction device (such as a linear motor, servo electric cylinder, or high-precision hydraulic cylinder). This traction device independently drives the grinding spindle 3 to perform high-frequency, high-precision linear reciprocating motion, and there is no interference between the rotational motion of the grinding spindle 3 and the linear traction device. In addition, a rotating component 14 is fixedly connected to the rotating part. The rotating component 14 forms a sliding connection with the grinding spindle 3. Its function is to transmit rotational power from the rotating part to the grinding spindle 3, while allowing the grinding spindle 3 to slide axially relative to the rotating part.

[0020] Therefore, the motion logic of this application is as follows: Rotational motion: The rotating component is driven by an external power source (such as a motor via a belt) and rotates at high speed within the bearing chamber 1. The rotational power is transmitted to the grinding spindle 3 through the rotating assembly 14, causing it and the grinding head at the end to rotate together. Linear reciprocating motion: The linear traction device independently drives the grinding spindle 3 to perform axial reciprocating motion. Since the linear traction device only drives the relatively lightweight grinding spindle 3 itself, while the heavy drive motor, pulley 13, and other components (integrated into the rotating component) only perform rotational motion and not reciprocating motion, the inertia of the reciprocating motion components is minimized. This fundamentally eliminates the inertial impact during high-speed reversal, ensures extreme smoothness of motion, and effectively suppresses vibration and noise.

[0021] There are two sets of copper bushings 4, both located on the grinding spindle 3 and within the mounting holes. Nut washers 5 are provided on the outer sides of both sets of copper bushings 4. The nut washers 5 are screwed into and tightened onto the copper bushings 4 from different directions by a first clamping bolt 6 and a second clamping bolt 7, allowing for fine-tuning of the position and pre-tightening state of the copper bushings 4 within the mounting holes. Furthermore, the outer contour of the copper bushings 4 is designed as a frustum of a cone (i.e., a truncated cone), while the mounting holes on the rotating parts are cylindrical structures that mate with it, being thinner in the middle and thicker at both ends (i.e., stepped holes with tapered ends).

[0022] The frustum-shaped copper sleeve 4 mates with the tapered mounting hole. When pressure is applied by the first clamping bolt 6 and the second clamping bolt 7, the copper sleeve 4 will be subjected to radial and axial clamping forces simultaneously, producing uniform elastic deformation. This can precisely eliminate the fit clearance between the sleeve and the grinding spindle 3, achieving high-precision guidance without clearance. This structure compensates for machining errors and wear, can maintain guiding accuracy for a long time, and effectively suppresses the "axis offset" problem mentioned in the background art.

[0023] The rotating component includes a rotating shaft 2, on which a pulley 13 is fixedly connected for receiving drive from an external motor via a belt. A hydrostatic chamber 15 is formed between the rotating shaft 2 and the inner wall of the bearing chamber 1. This hydrostatic chamber 15 is connected to an external high-pressure oil station through a one-way inlet 16 located on the bearing chamber 1; high-pressure oil is injected into the hydrostatic chamber 15 through the one-way inlet 16, forming an extremely thin but high-pressure oil film between the rotating shaft 2 and the bearing chamber 1. This oil film allows the rotating shaft 2 to suspend and rotate under pure liquid friction, resulting in minimal friction, extremely low vibration and noise, and extremely high rotational accuracy. This hydrostatic support method provides an extremely stable rotational reference for grinding, further improving machining quality.

[0024] The rotating assembly 14 includes a base 1401, which is fixedly connected to a rotating component (such as the end of the rotating shaft 2). Two sets of support seats 1402 are fixedly connected to the base 1401. Each support seat 1402 is rotatably connected to a pin 1403, and a guide bearing 1404 (e.g., a needle roller bearing) is installed inside the pin 1403. The two sets of guide bearings 1404 are symmetrically arranged, and their outer raceways abut against the cylindrical surface of the grinding spindle 3. Correspondingly, a guide groove is machined on this section of the grinding spindle 3 to mate with the guide bearing 1404. When the rotating component drives the entire rotating assembly 14 to rotate via the base 1401, the two guide bearings 1404, constrained by the guide grooves, efficiently transmit torque to the grinding spindle 3, driving its rotation. Simultaneously, because the guide bearings 1404 themselves can roll and are in line contact with the guide grooves, they exert minimal axial resistance on the grinding spindle 3, allowing it to freely reciprocate at high speed. This design perfectly decouples rotational power transmission from linear motion degrees of freedom.

[0025] In addition, rolling bearings 9 (such as angular contact ball bearings) are provided at both ends of the bearing housing 1 as auxiliary supports. An oil seal mounting seat 10 is provided on the outside of the rolling bearing 9, and a second skeleton oil seal 11 is installed on the oil seal mounting seat 10 and fixed by hexagon socket screws 12, which effectively prevents hydrostatic oil leakage and external dust intrusion.

[0026] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A rotary reciprocating hydrostatic mechanism suitable for internal spline grinding, characterized in that: The device includes a bearing housing (1), in which a rotating component is rotatably connected. The rotating component has an installation hole, and a grinding spindle (3) is installed in the installation hole. A spindle (3) guide assembly is provided between the grinding spindle (3) and the rotating component. A first skeleton oil seal (8) is provided on both sides of the spindle (3) guide assembly. A linear traction device is connected to one side of the grinding spindle (3). A rotating component (14) is fixedly connected to the rotating component. The rotating component (14) is slidably connected to the grinding spindle (3).

2. The rotary reciprocating hydrostatic mechanism for internal spline grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle (3) guide assembly includes two sets of copper sleeves (4), which are symmetrically sleeved on the grinding spindle (3). Nut washers (5) are provided on the outside of the copper sleeves (4), and a first clamping bolt (6) and a second clamping bolt (7) are installed between the nut washers (5) and the copper sleeves (4).

3. A rotary reciprocating hydrostatic mechanism suitable for internal spline grinding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer contour of the copper sleeve (4) is a frustum structure, and the mounting hole is a columnar structure that is thin in the middle and thick at both ends.

4. A rotary reciprocating hydrostatic mechanism suitable for internal spline grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating component includes a rotating shaft (2), on which a pulley (13) is fixedly connected. A static pressure chamber (15) is provided between the rotating shaft (2) and the bearing chamber (1), and the static pressure chamber (15) is connected to a one-way liquid inlet (16).

5. A rotary reciprocating hydrostatic mechanism suitable for internal spline grinding according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the bearing chamber (1) are provided with rolling bearings (9). The rolling bearings (9) are sleeved on the rotating shaft (2). The outside of the rolling bearings (9) is provided with an oil seal mounting seat (10). A second skeleton oil seal (11) is sleeved on the oil seal mounting seat (10). The second skeleton oil seal (11) is fixed to the bearing chamber (1) by an internal hexagon screw (12).

6. A rotary reciprocating hydrostatic mechanism suitable for internal spline grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly (14) includes a base (1401), which is fixedly connected to the rotating component. Two sets of support seats (1402) are fixedly connected to the base (1401). A pin (1403) is rotatably connected to the support seat (1402). A guide bearing (1404) is rotatably connected inside the pin (1403). The two sets of guide bearings (1404) abut against the grinding spindle (3). The grinding spindle (3) has guide grooves that cooperate with the guide bearings (1404).

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