High-capacity fully-automatic gemstone grinding and polishing production line

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of high-capacity full-automatic gem grinding and polishing production line, including rack, first and second transmission mechanism, first and second rotary reversing mechanism and several racks.Rack front side is equipped with two first processing station groups sequentially arranged from right to left, each group includes first gluing, feeding, grinding, polishing and first blanking station;Rear side is equipped with two second processing station groups arranged from left to right, each group includes second gluing, feeding, grinding, polishing and second blanking station.First transmission mechanism drives rack to pass all station groups from front side by right to left, second transmission mechanism drives rack to pass all station groups from rear side by left to right.First rotary reversing mechanism is located at right side, connecting front side gluing station and rear side blanking station;Second rotary reversing mechanism is located at left side, connecting front side blanking station and rear side gluing station.Through multiple parallel processing and compact circulation path, realize high-capacity, low energy consumption, quality stable continuous production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to gemstone processing equipment, and in particular to a high-capacity fully automated gemstone grinding and polishing production line. Background Technology

[0002] In the gemstone processing industry, especially in the mass production of small optical components such as synthetic crystal rhinestones and glass beads, grinding and polishing are key processes that determine product quality and production efficiency. Traditional manual or semi-automatic production lines suffer from high labor intensity, low processing accuracy, and limited capacity. In recent years, with the development of automation technology, fully automated gemstone grinding and polishing production lines have gradually become the industry mainstream. By setting up a circulating transport system and multi-station collaborative operation, they achieve fully automated operation from gluing, feeding, grinding, polishing to unloading.

[0003] Several designs for gemstone grinding and polishing production lines exist in the existing technology. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN217516065 U discloses a gemstone circulating processing conveyor frame, which adopts a double-row station layout on the front and rear sides, and cooperates with the first and second transmission mechanisms and the rotation reversing mechanisms located at both ends of the equipment to realize the closed-loop circulation conveying of the material rack between the front and rear stations. Chinese invention patent CN 115256184A proposes a single-pointed gemstone processing equipment, which sets independent processing flows on the front and rear sides, and completes batch clamping by synchronously driving multiple feeding pins, thereby improving processing consistency. Chinese invention patent CN 117943950 A discloses a high-speed water rhinestone grinding and polishing production line, which arranges the adhesive and feeding stations in the same row behind the grinding and polishing stations, and uses a staggered arrangement of the front and rear grinding and polishing stations to reduce vibration interference, thereby improving processing stability and cycle efficiency. It can be seen that the existing fully automated gemstone grinding and polishing production lines generally adopt the basic architecture of "single processing station group + double-sided circulation". Although it has achieved automated continuous operation, it has exposed obvious shortcomings when facing the ever-increasing demand for high production capacity: on the one hand, the single station group limits the number of material racks that can be processed online at the same time; on the other hand, extending the production cycle or increasing the number of equipment in order to increase output will lead to increased energy consumption, increased floor space and increased management complexity.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively improve the processing capacity per unit time without significantly increasing equipment operating frequency and energy consumption has become a key technical challenge in the field of automated gemstone grinding and polishing. In particular, a new production line structure is needed that can maintain stable processing quality while achieving high capacity, low energy consumption, and a compact layout. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention proposes a high-capacity fully automated gemstone grinding and polishing production line, which solves the aforementioned problems existing in the use of existing technologies.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: A high-capacity fully automatic gemstone grinding and polishing production line includes a frame, a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism, a first rotation reversing mechanism, a second rotation reversing mechanism, and several material racks. The front side of the frame is provided with at least two first processing station groups from right to left. Each first processing station group includes a first gluing station, a first material feeding station, several first grinding stations, several first polishing stations, and a first unloading station arranged from right to left. The rear side of the frame is provided with at least two second processing station groups from left to right. The second processing station group includes a second gluing station, a second loading station, several second grinding stations, several second polishing stations and a second unloading station arranged from left to right. The first transmission mechanism is located on the front side of the frame and is used to drive the material rack to pass through all the stations in each first processing station group in a direction from right to left. The second transmission mechanism is located at the rear of the frame and is used to drive the material rack to pass through all the stations in each of the second processing station groups in a direction from left to right. The first rotation reversing mechanism is located on the right side of the frame, between the first gluing station of the rightmost first processing station group and the second unloading station of the rightmost second processing station group; The second rotation reversing mechanism is located on the left side of the frame, between the first unloading station of the leftmost first processing station group and the second gluing station of the leftmost second processing station group.

[0007] Preferably, in the plurality of first processing station groups, the first unloading station of the adjacent first processing station group on the right and the first gluing station of the adjacent first processing station group on the left are spatially adjacent. In the plurality of second processing station groups, the second unloading station of the second processing station group on the left and the second gluing station of the second processing station group on the right are spatially adjacent.

[0008] Preferably, there are at least two of each of the first grinding station and the second grinding station.

[0009] Preferably, both the first and second unloading stations are equipped with heating mechanisms.

[0010] Preferably, a first high-frequency heating station is provided between the first unloading station and the first polishing station, and a second high-frequency heating station is provided between the second unloading station and the second polishing station.

[0011] In summary, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model features at least two parallel first processing station groups on the front side of the machine frame. Each station group includes, from right to left, a first gluing station, a first loading station, multiple first grinding stations, multiple first polishing stations, and a first unloading station. At least two parallel second processing station groups are symmetrically arranged on the rear side of the machine frame. Each group also integrates a complete processing flow, enabling multiple independent processing flows to operate in parallel on the same equipment platform. Compared to the commonly used "single station group + double-sided circulation" structure in existing technologies, this utility model significantly improves the processing capacity per unit time without increasing the equipment's cycle time. Taking two processing station groups on each side as an example, the theoretical production capacity can nearly double, greatly meeting the industrial demands for high-volume, continuous production.

[0012] In this layout, the first unloading station of the adjacent station group on the right and the first gluing station of the adjacent station group on the left are spatially adjacent. Similarly, on the rear side, the second unloading station of the adjacent second processing station group on the left and the second gluing station of the adjacent second processing station group on the right are also arranged adjacent. This compact layout allows empty material racks that have completed unloading to quickly flow to the starting end of the adjacent station group on the same side for re-gluing and reloading, shortening the idle travel time in the material rack circulation path, improving transmission efficiency, avoiding the inefficient mode of traditional layouts that must rely on reversing mechanisms at both ends to complete the return flow, and further improving the overall production cycle time.

[0013] This invention achieves a significant increase in production capacity without substantially increasing equipment operating speed and energy consumption by reconstructing the workstation layout, introducing multiple parallel processing links, and optimizing the material rack flow path. At the same time, it maintains the stability of processing quality and the high reliability of the system, truly achieving the synergistic optimization goal of "high production capacity, low energy consumption, and high quality". It has outstanding substantive features and significant progress. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a top view of the two first processing station groups and the second processing station group in this utility model, both of which have high-frequency heating stations. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional image; Figure 3 for Figure 2A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a top view of one of the first processing station groups and one of the second processing station groups in this utility model without a high-frequency heating station. Figure 5 for Figure 4 A three-dimensional image.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. First transmission mechanism; 3. Second transmission mechanism; 4. First rotation reversing mechanism; 5. Second rotation reversing mechanism; 6. Material rack; 71. First gluing station; 72. First loading station; 73. First grinding station; 74. First polishing station; 75. First unloading station; 76. First high-frequency heating station; 81. Second gluing station; 82. Second loading station; 83. Second grinding station; 84. Second polishing station; 85. Second unloading station; 86. Second high-frequency heating station; 91. Sliding frame; 92. Sliding seat; 93. Tilting plate; 94. Servo motor. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following will refer to the appendix in the embodiments of this utility model. Figure 1-5 The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0018] Example: like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this utility model discloses a high-capacity fully automated gemstone grinding and polishing production line, which can be flexibly configured with the number of workstations and functional modules according to production needs in practical applications. A preferred embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0019] The production line includes a frame 1, a first transmission mechanism 2, a second transmission mechanism 3, a first rotation reversing mechanism 4, a second rotation reversing mechanism 5, and several material racks 6 for carrying gemstone clamps. The frame 1 serves as the main support for the entire system, and its front side, from right to left, has at least two first processing station groups. Each first processing station group contains a complete gemstone processing flow. Specifically, each first processing station group includes a first gluing station 71, a first loading station 72, two first grinding stations 73 (rough grinding station and fine grinding station, respectively), a first polishing station 74, and a first unloading station 75.

[0020] Correspondingly, two second processing station groups are also provided on the rear side of the frame 1 from left to right. Each second processing station group is provided with the following from left to right: a second gluing station 81, a second loading station 82, two second grinding stations 83, a second polishing station 84, and a second unloading station 85. All stations are arranged linearly in the horizontal direction.

[0021] It is worth noting that the multiple first processing station groups adopt a compact adjacent layout: the first unloading station 75 of the adjacent first processing station group on the right and the first gluing station 71 of the adjacent first processing station group on the left are spatially adjacent, separated only by the spacing of a material rack 6. Similarly, on the rear side, the second unloading station 85 of the adjacent second processing station group on the left and the second gluing station 81 of the adjacent second processing station group on the right are also arranged adjacently. This layout design allows the empty material racks 6 that have completed unloading to quickly flow to the starting end of the next station group for re-gluing on the same side, without having to go through the reversing mechanism for return, significantly shortening the non-processing time in the circulation path and improving the overall operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0022] The first transmission mechanism 2 is located on the front side of the frame 1 and adopts a reciprocating transmission system consisting of a sliding frame 91, a sliding seat 92, a flipping plate 93, and a servo motor 94 drive device. It can drive the material rack 6 to pass through all the stations in all the first processing station groups in a right-to-left direction. The second transmission mechanism 3 is located on the rear side of the frame 1 and has the same structure as the first transmission mechanism 2. It is used to drive the material rack 6 to pass through each of the second processing station groups in a left-to-right direction. Both transmission mechanisms are mentioned in the existing patent CN115256184A, a single-pointed gemstone processing equipment. Compared with the existing patent, this application only uses an extended design to accommodate the layout of multiple stations. This should be a technical means commonly used by those skilled in the art. Its structure and operating principle are the same as the existing technology. The rhythm is uniformly coordinated and controlled by the industrial control computer to ensure the precise positioning and synchronous flow of each material rack 6 between different stations. It will not be described in detail here.

[0023] The material rack 6 is also existing technology, specifically a long strip structure with multiple vertically downward feeding pins evenly distributed at its lower end for clamping the bead blanks to be processed.

[0024] The first rotation reversing mechanism 4 is located on the right side of the frame 1, between the first gluing station 71 of the rightmost first processing station group and the second unloading station 85 of the rightmost second processing station group; the second rotation reversing mechanism 5 is located on the left side of the frame 1, between the first unloading station 75 of the leftmost first processing station group and the second gluing station 81 of the leftmost second processing station group. Both rotation reversing mechanisms adopt a vertical axial rotation rotary table structure, which can achieve 180-degree precise rotation under motor drive, transporting the material rack 6 from the front to the rear, or from the rear back to the front, completing the closed-loop connection of the entire processing cycle.

[0025] The specific functions of each workstation are all mentioned in the existing technology, and this application does not make any improvements to the specific functions of each workstation. The following is a general description of the specific functions: The first gluing workstation 71 and the second gluing workstation 81 are both equipped with a powder tray that can be lifted and moved back and forth. The powder tray contains hot melt adhesive powder. The back and forth movement is controlled by a motor to evenly distribute the adhesive, and the lifting action causes the clamps on the material rack 6 to adhere the adhesive powder. The first loading workstation 72 and the second loading workstation 82 utilize the adhesiveness of the adhesive powder to automatically adhere the bead blanks (i.e., raw materials) to the clamps, completing the loading.

[0026] The number of the first grinding station 73 and the second grinding station 83 can be flexibly set according to the machining accuracy requirements; there can be two, three, or more. For example, the first grinding station is used for rough grinding to quickly remove excess material and form the basic outline of the product; subsequent grinding stations are used for fine grinding to gradually adjust the angles and curvature to ensure geometric accuracy. Each grinding station is equipped with a height-adjustable grinding wheel device, which moves up and down to bring the ball blank on the fixture into contact with the grinding wheel, and combines with the indexing mechanism to change the machining angle to achieve multi-faceted grinding.

[0027] The number of the first polishing station 74 and the second polishing station 84 can be set to one or two depending on the product's surface finish requirements. When two are set, the first stage is used for preliminary polishing, and the second stage is used for fine polishing to achieve a higher surface gloss effect. The working method of the polishing station is similar to that of the grinding station. The lifting mechanism drives the polishing wheel to contact the ball blank, and the indexing action completes the full-angle polishing.

[0028] Regarding the pre-dispensing heating treatment, this invention provides several optional implementation schemes, all of which are within the scope of protection of this application. Firstly, a heating mechanism can be directly integrated inside the first dispensing station 75 and the second dispensing station 85. For example, a heating tube can be installed below the fixture. As described in the existing patent CN202210765478.8, the first dispensing mechanism structure integrates a heating tube in the dispensing station, softening the hot melt adhesive through heating, facilitating subsequent dispensing operations. Secondly, the heating function can also be set up as a dedicated station. Specifically, a first high-frequency heating station 76 can be added between the first dispensing station 75 and the first polishing station 74, and a second high-frequency heating station 86 can be added between the second dispensing station 85 and the second polishing station 84. High-frequency induction heating is used to quickly and uniformly heat the fixture, thereby more efficiently releasing the adhesive force. This independent heating station design avoids the structural complexity and maintenance difficulties caused by integrating heating elements into the dispensing mechanism, while improving the heating response speed and energy efficiency ratio.

[0029] During processing, the first gluing station 71 uses a motor to drive the powder tray to move back and forth and rise and fall, so that the fixtures on the material rack 6 are evenly coated with hot melt adhesive powder; the first loading station 72 uses the adhesiveness of the adhesive powder to automatically adhere the bead blanks to the fixtures; the first grinding station 73 is divided into two stages: the first stage is rough grinding, which achieves preliminary shaping by contacting the grinding wheel with the bead blank; the second stage is fine grinding, which further refines the angles and surface accuracy; the first polishing station 74 uses a polishing wheel to perform mirror treatment on the surface of the bead blank, making it bright and smooth; finally, at the first unloading station 75, because the heated adhesive melts, a spring brush made of steel wire can be used to directly brush the finished gemstones off the fixtures and into the collection box below. The workflow of the second processing station group is completely symmetrical to the first one.

[0030] Because this embodiment has two processing stations on each side, all stations can perform processing operations simultaneously. Therefore, the number of material racks that can be processed per unit time is nearly twice that of the traditional single-unit structure. Furthermore, the equipment's operating cycle time does not need to be increased, the main drive system maintains stable operation, and the energy consumption per unit product is actually reduced, achieving the dual advantages of high capacity and low energy consumption. At the same time, consistent processing parameters ensure stable product quality and a low scrap rate.

[0031] Existing market equipment typically increases output by maximizing electrical power, leading to high energy consumption, high load, and accelerated wear of key components (such as guide rails and lead screws). This invention, however, does not rely on increasing operating speed or electrical load while ensuring stable product quality. Instead, it optimizes the workstation layout and material rack circulation path to achieve parallel operation of multiple processing flows. Thus, nearly doubling of production capacity can be achieved while the equipment operates at a relatively low and stable speed; simultaneously, it significantly reduces the load rate of the electrical system and vulnerable mechanical parts, greatly extending their service life, truly achieving the synergistic optimization goal of "high production capacity, low energy consumption, long lifespan, and stable quality."

[0032] It should be understood that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For example, two or more first grinding stations 73 and second grinding stations 83 may be provided according to processing requirements; one or two first polishing stations 74 and second polishing stations 84 may also be provided according to product requirements; the heating method may adopt various forms such as thermal radiation, high-frequency induction, or resistance heating; the transmission mechanism may also adopt other forms such as belts, chains, or robotic arms. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technical solutions should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should also be noted that the terms used in this utility model, such as "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-capacity fully automated gemstone grinding and polishing production line, comprising a frame, a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism, a first rotation reversing mechanism, a second rotation reversing mechanism, and a plurality of material racks, characterized in that: The front side of the frame is provided with at least two first processing station groups from right to left. Each first processing station group includes a first gluing station, a first loading station, several first grinding stations, several first polishing stations and a first unloading station arranged from right to left. The rear side of the frame is provided with at least two second processing station groups from left to right. The second processing station group includes a second gluing station, a second loading station, several second grinding stations, several second polishing stations and a second unloading station arranged from left to right. The first transmission mechanism is located on the front side of the frame and is used to drive the material rack to pass through all the stations in each first processing station group in a direction from right to left. The second transmission mechanism is located at the rear of the frame and is used to drive the material rack to pass through all the stations in each of the second processing station groups in a direction from left to right. The first rotation reversing mechanism is located on the right side of the frame, between the first gluing station of the rightmost first processing station group and the second unloading station of the rightmost second processing station group; The second rotation reversing mechanism is located on the left side of the frame, between the first unloading station of the leftmost first processing station group and the second gluing station of the leftmost second processing station group.

2. The high-capacity fully automated gemstone grinding and polishing production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the plurality of first processing station groups, the first unloading station of the first processing station group adjacent to the right and the first gluing station of the first processing station group adjacent to the left are spatially adjacent. In the plurality of second processing station groups, the second unloading station of the second processing station group on the left and the second gluing station of the second processing station group on the right are spatially adjacent.

3. The high-capacity fully automated gemstone grinding and polishing production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first grinding station and the second grinding station are provided with at least two.

4. The high-capacity fully automated gemstone grinding and polishing production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: Heating mechanisms are provided at both the first and second unloading stations.

5. A high-capacity fully automated gemstone grinding and polishing production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first high-frequency heating station is provided between the first unloading station and the first polishing station, and a second high-frequency heating station is provided between the second unloading station and the second polishing station.

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