Continuous fiber reinforced concrete 3D printing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to additive manufacturing equipment technical field discloses a kind of continuous fiber reinforced concrete 3D printing device, including yarn roll frame and printing head main body, driven yarn feeding mechanism is equipped on the yarn roll frame, the driven yarn feeding mechanism includes driving motor, worm, worm wheel, driving godet and driven godet, the driving motor is driven worm by gear, the worm drives worm wheel rotation, driving godet between the driven godet of the side of worm wheel is used to clamp the yarn feeding of fiber to the yarn inlet in the printing head main body. With driving yarn feeding function, it can make that single filament bundle or multi-filament bundle continuous fiber filament bundle in yarn road keep relaxed state, tension can be controlled in zero state, improve the mechanical strength of printing component whole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of additive manufacturing equipment technology, specifically to a continuous fiber reinforced concrete 3D printing device. Background Technology

[0002] 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a rapid prototyping technology based on digital model files. This technology directly creates physical objects of any complex shape by layer-by-layer deposition of bondable materials, without the need for traditional machining or molds. This significantly shortens product development and manufacturing cycles, greatly improving production efficiency and flexibility. In recent years, 3D printing has demonstrated broad application potential in multiple fields, including transportation, aerospace, industrial equipment, consumer electronics, and healthcare. Particularly in the medical field, this technology is used for customized prostheses and biological tissue structures; in the aerospace field, it is used to manufacture lightweight, one-piece key components, demonstrating its cross-industry applicability and revolutionary impact.

[0003] In the civil engineering and construction industry, traditional construction methods have long faced numerous challenges, including high resource consumption, high safety risks, high labor intensity, and low production efficiency. In response to the development trends of green and intelligent construction, concrete 3D printing technology has emerged. This technology uses special concrete materials as "printing ink," whose main components include cementitious materials, admixtures, chemical additives, special fibers, and aggregates. Under computer control, building information models are converted into three-dimensional design drawings, and then components are formed without molds by stacking materials layer by layer. This not only saves materials and reduces reliance on manual labor but also aligns with international trends in energy conservation, environmental protection, and intelligent construction. Therefore, the application of concrete 3D printing in the construction and infrastructure fields is rapidly expanding.

[0004] To further enhance the mechanical properties and durability of printed concrete components, continuous fiber reinforced concrete 3D printing technology is gradually emerging. This technology introduces continuous fibers (such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, basalt fiber, etc.) as reinforcing materials into conventional concrete printing processes. Through a synergistic working mechanism, it significantly improves the tensile, flexural strength, and toughness of printed components, expanding its application prospects in high-performance applications such as load-bearing structures and seismic components.

[0005] For example, Chinese patent document CN117549397A discloses a rotatable multi-filament continuous fiber reinforced concrete 3D printing nozzle, including a double-layer connecting seat. The upper layer of the double-layer connecting seat is used to connect a motion actuator, and the lower layer of the double-layer connecting seat connects a concrete mixing device and a hopper device. The concrete mixing device includes a mixing motor, a transmission structure, and a mixing shaft. The mixing motor drives the mixing shaft to rotate through the transmission structure. The mixing shaft extends into the hopper device. The bottom of the hopper device is provided with a yarn inlet pipe, the lower end of which is connected to the printing nozzle. Multiple yarn guiding devices are evenly distributed around the hopper device. The fibers guided by the yarn guiding devices extend into the yarn inlet pipe, are mixed with the concrete, and then extruded through the printing nozzle. The rotation center of the double-layer connecting seat is coaxially arranged with the mixing shaft, the yarn inlet pipe, and the printing nozzle. This utility model has a rotation function, meets the application needs of some specific occasions, and can mix concrete to achieve smooth mixing and pumping of mortar.

[0006] The existing technology lacks a stable and reliable continuous active fiber feeding mechanism and relies more on passive yarn release. It is difficult to achieve a precise match between the multi-filament fiber conveying speed and the concrete extrusion rate, which can easily lead to uneven distribution or interruption of the fiber bundles. This results in excessive tension on the fibers during the conveying process. Excessive tension not only increases fiber wear but also makes it easier for the fibers to be pulled out of the unhardened concrete strips, which seriously affects the printing quality and the final mechanical properties of the components. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the technical problem of fiber wear and easy detachment from concrete strips, this utility model provides a continuous fiber reinforced concrete 3D printing device, including a yarn roll holder and a print head body. The yarn roll holder is characterized by an active yarn feeding mechanism, which includes a drive motor, a worm gear, a worm wheel, an active yarn guide wheel, and a driven yarn guide wheel. The drive motor drives the worm gear via gears, and the worm gear drives the worm wheel to rotate. The active and driven yarn guide wheels on the side of the worm wheel are used to clamp the fibers and feed them into the yarn inlet of the print head body.

[0008] To ensure uniform yarn feeding using multiple sets of fibers simultaneously, the worm gear drives multiple sets of worm wheels to rotate. Each set of worm wheels clamps the fiber through the driven yarn guide wheel and feeds the yarn into the yarn inlet in the print head body.

[0009] To enable breakpoint printing in continuous fiber-reinforced concrete 3D printing, the discharge port of the print head is equipped with a shearing device.

[0010] Furthermore, the shearing device includes a transmission box, blades, and clamps. The clamps have a discharge hole in the middle for discharging fibers and concrete. The clamps and blades are driven by the transmission box to move towards each other and away from each other.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission box includes a housing, a transmission motor, a transmission wheel, an upper transmission component, and a lower transmission component. The transmission motor drives the transmission wheel to rotate, and the transmission wheel simultaneously engages with and drives the upper and lower transmission components. The upper and lower transmission components are respectively connected to the blade and the clamping plate.

[0012] To facilitate rapid cutting, the clamping plate includes an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate, and the blade moves between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate.

[0013] Preferably, the blade is driven to rotate by a motor.

[0014] To facilitate the feeding of multiple sets of fibers and improve the mechanical properties of the component, the main body of the print head includes a print tube. The top and middle parts of the print tube are respectively provided with a yarn inlet and a mortar inlet. The middle part of the print tube is provided with a yarn feeding tube that extends straight to the bottom, and the top of the yarn feeding tube is the yarn inlet.

[0015] To enhance the interlayer bonding performance of concrete, the discharge port of the print head body is equipped with a spray device, and the spray valve of the spray device is fixed to the print head body by a bracket and a base.

[0016] Furthermore, the yarn roll holder includes a base plate and yarn roll seats. The center of the base plate has a mounting hole for feeding and mounting the active yarn feeding mechanism and the print head body. The active yarn feeding mechanism is above the mounting hole, and the print head body is below the mounting hole. Multiple yarn roll seats are arranged around the bottom surface of the base plate.

[0017] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. It has an active yarn feeding function, which can keep the single or multi-filament continuous fiber bundles in the yarn path in a relaxed state and control the tension to zero. This ensures that the continuous fibers are smoothly deposited inside the concrete printing strip. The feeding speed of each group of continuous fibers is the same, which ensures that the mechanical strength of the continuous fibers in the concrete is uniform and improves the overall mechanical strength of the printed component. It can be adjusted according to the actual number of fiber bundles and usage requirements to ensure the usage requirements under different conditions. 2. It has the functions of concrete strip and continuous fiber shearing, which can realize the discontinuous printing of continuous fiber reinforced concrete 3D printing, improving the printing flexibility while taking into account mechanical properties. 3. It has interlayer reinforcement function, which can reduce the obvious anisotropy caused by insufficient interlayer adhesion, thereby improving the overall mechanical properties of printed components. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the continuous fiber reinforced concrete 3D printing device of this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an active yarn feeding mechanism; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shearing device; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of transmission box one; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the printhead; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a yarn roll holder; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of transmission box two; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a spraying device. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: shearing device 1, transmission box 101, motor 102, blade 103, clamping plate 104, cutting pipe 105, upper clamping plate 106, lower clamping plate 107, transmission wheel 108, upper transmission component 109, lower transmission component 110, transmission motor 111, housing 112, discharge hole 113, spraying device 2, spray valve 201, bracket 202, base 203, active yarn feeding mechanism 3, drive motor 301, worm gear 302, worm Wheel 303, Active yarn guide wheel 304, Driven yarn guide wheel 305, Small gear 306, Large gear 307, Bearing 308, Bearing bracket 309, Print head body 4, Printing tube 401, Transmission box II 402, Yarn inlet 403, Mortar inlet 404, Yarn feeding tube 405, Transmission motor II 406, Gear assembly 407, Yarn roll holder 5, Base plate 501, Yarn roll holder 502, Mounting hole 503, Base plate 6, Support seat 7, Robotic arm interface 8, Transmission box support plate 9. Example 1

[0020] like Figure 1-8 As shown, a continuous fiber reinforced concrete 3D printing device includes a shearing device 1, a spraying device 2, an active yarn feeding mechanism 3, a print head body 4, and a yarn roll holder 5. The active yarn feeding mechanism 3 includes a drive motor 301, a worm gear 302, four sets of worm wheels 303, an active yarn guide wheel 304, and a driven yarn guide wheel 305. The drive motor 301 drives the large gear 307 of the worm gear 302 through a small gear 306. The worm gear 302 drives the four sets of worm wheels 303 to rotate. Both sides of the worm wheel 303 are active yarn guide wheels 304. Each active yarn guide wheel 304 of each set of worm wheels 303 clamps the continuous fiber and feeds the yarn into the yarn inlet 403 in the print head body 4 through the driven yarn guide wheel 305.

[0021] The active yarn feeding mechanism 3 is mounted on the yarn roll frame 5 via a base plate 6 and a support seat 7. The worm gear 303 and the driven yarn guide wheel 305 are fixed on the base plate 6 via a bearing 308 and a bearing bracket 309.

[0022] The printhead body 4 is equipped with the shearing device 1 at its discharge port. The shearing device 1 includes a transmission box 101, a blade 103 driven to rotate by a motor 102, a clamping plate 104, and a cutting pipe 105. The bottom of the cutting pipe 105 is the discharge port. The clamping plate 104 moves laterally within the cutting pipe 105 near the discharge port. The clamping plate 104 has a discharge hole 113 in the middle for continuous fiber and concrete discharge. The clamping plate 104 and the blade 103 are driven to move towards each other and away from each other by the transmission box 101. The transmission box 101 is connected to the printhead body 4 by a transmission box support plate 9.

[0023] The transmission box 101 includes a box body 112, a transmission motor 111, a transmission wheel 108, an upper transmission component 109, and a lower transmission component 110. The transmission motor 111 drives the transmission wheel 108 to rotate. The transmission wheel 108 simultaneously engages with the upper transmission component 109 and the lower transmission component 110. The upper transmission component 109 and the lower transmission component 110 are respectively connected to the blade 103 and the clamping plate 104. During material discharge, the clamping plate 104 separates from the blade 103 and is located within the cutting pipe 105 without affecting material discharge. When a change in the printing path or edge trimming of the component is required, the clamping plate 104 moves towards the blade 103, and the clamping plate 104 drives the fiber towards the blade 103 for cutting. Conversely, the clamping plate 104 drives the fiber away from the blade 103 for normal material feeding and printing.

[0024] The clamping plate 104 includes an upper clamping plate 106 and a lower clamping plate 107, and the blade 103 moves between the upper clamping plate 106 and the lower clamping plate 107.

[0025] The print head body 4 includes a print tube 401 and a transmission box 402. The top and middle parts of the print tube 401 are respectively provided with a yarn inlet 403 and a mortar inlet 404. The middle part of the print tube 401 is provided with a yarn feeding tube 405 that extends straight to the bottom and is close to the cutting pipe 105. The top of the yarn feeding tube 405 is the yarn inlet 403, and the bottom of the yarn feeding tube 405 is connected to the cutting pipe 105.

[0026] The transmission box 402 is equipped with a transmission motor 406. The transmission motor 406 drives the threaded rod in the printing tube 401 to move the concrete through the gear assembly 407. The top of the transmission box 402 is equipped with a robotic arm interface 8, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0027] The printhead body 4 is equipped with a spray device 2 at its discharge port. The spray valve 201 of the spray device 2 is fixed to the printhead body 4 via a bracket 202 and a base 203. The bracket 202 is a two-section movable structure with a movable connection point, allowing the spray valve 201 to be positioned at any location. The spray device 2 sprays a layer of viscous spray after printing a layer of concrete to improve the interlayer bonding strength between the printed components. The nozzle shape can be changed at any time, such as rectangular, square, circular, triangular, etc.

[0028] The yarn roll holder 5 includes a base plate 501 and a yarn roll holder 502. The base plate 501 has a mounting hole 503 in the middle for feeding and mounting the active yarn feeding mechanism 3 and the print head body 4. The active yarn feeding mechanism 3 is above the mounting hole, and the print head body 4 is below the mounting hole. A plurality of yarn roll holders 502 are arranged around the bottom surface of the base plate 501.

[0029] The continuous fiber is carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, flax fiber or polyester fiber; during operation, the rotational speed of the active yarn feeding mechanism 3 is controlled by PLC, thereby controlling the active yarn feeding speed. The yarn feeding speed can be matched with the yarn output speed of the end printing nozzle in real time.

[0030] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are knowledgeable of all existing technologies in that field, and possess the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Therefore, those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in conjunction with their own capabilities. Typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A continuous fiber-reinforced concrete 3D printing device, comprising a yarn roll holder and a print head body, characterized in that, The yarn roll holder is equipped with an active yarn feeding mechanism, which includes a drive motor, a worm gear, a worm wheel, an active yarn guide wheel, and a driven yarn guide wheel. The drive motor drives the worm gear through gears, and the worm gear drives the worm wheel to rotate. The active yarn guide wheel and the driven yarn guide wheel on the side of the worm wheel are used to clamp the fibers and feed them into the yarn inlet in the print head body.

2. The continuous fiber-reinforced concrete 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The worm gear drives multiple sets of worm wheels to rotate, and each set of worm wheels clamps the fiber through the driven yarn guide wheel and feeds the yarn into the yarn inlet in the print head body.

3. The continuous fiber-reinforced concrete 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The printhead body's discharge port is equipped with a shearing device.

4. The continuous fiber-reinforced concrete 3D printing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shearing device includes a transmission box, blades, and clamps. The clamps have a discharge hole in the middle for discharging fibers and concrete. The clamps and blades are driven by the transmission box to move towards each other and away from each other.

5. The continuous fiber-reinforced concrete 3D printing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission box includes a housing, a transmission motor, a transmission wheel, an upper transmission component, and a lower transmission component. The transmission motor drives the transmission wheel to rotate, and the transmission wheel simultaneously engages with the upper transmission component and the lower transmission component. The upper transmission component and the lower transmission component are respectively connected to the blade and the clamping plate.

6. The continuous fiber-reinforced concrete 3D printing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping plate includes an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate, and the blade moves between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate.

7. The continuous fiber-reinforced concrete 3D printing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The blade is driven to rotate by a motor.

8. The continuous fiber-reinforced concrete 3D printing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The print head body includes a print tube, with a yarn inlet and a mortar inlet at the top and middle of the print tube, respectively. A yarn feeding tube extending straight to the bottom is provided in the middle of the print tube, with the yarn inlet at the top of the yarn feeding tube.

9. The continuous fiber-reinforced concrete 3D printing apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The printhead body is equipped with a spray device at the discharge port, and the spray valve of the spray device is fixed to the printhead body via a bracket and a base.

10. The continuous fiber-reinforced concrete 3D printing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The yarn roll holder includes a base plate and yarn roll seats. The center of the base plate has a mounting hole for feeding and mounting the active yarn feeding mechanism and the print head body. The active yarn feeding mechanism is above the mounting hole, and the print head body is below the mounting hole. Multiple yarn roll seats are arranged around the bottom surface of the base plate.

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