Coal mine bunker anti-blocking device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mine equipment, and specifically discloses a coal mine stock bin anti -blocking device, including sound energy generator, pressure regulating gas tank, high pressure gas tank and motor. Sound energy generator contains outer tube and inner tube, and outer tube communicates pressure regulating gas tank, and pressure regulating gas tank is connected with high pressure gas tank through electric ball valve A, and inner tube divides import, throat, export tube, and export tube has gas hole, and outer tube connects exhaust pipe, and exhaust pipe is aligned with gas hole and is equipped with laval nozzle, and nozzle is connected with waveguide, and waveguide penetrates stock bin and is attached to bin wall, and motor shaft is connected with inner tube through coupling. The device designs waveguide with the aid of acoustic wave fluctuation attribute, transmits solid vibration sound wave to bin wall, breaks material board and material arch with high frequency sound wave, eliminates material wall sticking, and makes residual gas loose coal powder, realizes efficient dredging, improves clearing and blocking efficiency, solves traditional air cannon problem, makes clearing and blocking stable and controllable, reduces cost, reduces equipment damage risk, and guarantees production stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal mine equipment technology, and more specifically, to a coal mine silo anti-clogging device. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mine silo blockage is a complex and widespread problem. As a temporary storage facility for coal and an auxiliary transportation aid in coal mining, the management of coal silos requires a certain degree of stability. Blockages and coal bridging will severely impact coal transportation and subsequent production. When the coal contains large pieces of coal, gangue, or impurities, these substances may gradually compact and agglomerate under gravity, leading to blockages. Coal silo blockages can cause reduced loads or even production stoppages, resulting in significant losses for coal enterprises. Even worse, injuries and fatalities due to coal spillage are not uncommon. The shapes of coal bridging formations can be broadly categorized into bridge-shaped, funnel-shaped, arch-shaped, and fireplace-shaped types. The blockage typically occurs within two meters above the coal gate. Within this range, a thin layer of material begins to adhere, increasing friction and then extending axially or radially, gradually increasing in thickness until it forms bridges or blockages of various shapes, causing flow interruption. Ordinary methods are insufficient to resolve this type of blockage.

[0003] When blockages occur in mines or engineering silos, given the limited operating space underground, air cannons are typically the only option. These cannons utilize the instantaneous release of compressed gas to generate high-speed airflow or shock waves to clear blockages, break arches, or facilitate material transport. Air cannons are essentially devices that rapidly convert gas pressure energy into kinetic energy. Their core drawbacks are poor targeting, significant energy waste, and the potential for additional damage to the silo and materials, especially in complex silo layouts or scenarios with multiple blockage points.

[0004] When suspended or bulging occurs in coal mine or factory silos, air cannons become largely ineffective, leaving manual clearing as the only recourse. This method not only poses significant safety risks but also has extremely low efficiency, severely threatening the safety of operators. Article 155 of the new "Coal Mine Safety Regulations" explicitly stipulates that when dealing with silo blockages, personnel are strictly prohibited from entering from below; fixed mechanical methods must be used for clearing. Therefore, we propose an anti-blockage device for coal mine silos. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems in related technologies, this utility model provides a coal mine silo anti-clogging device, which can solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: A coal mine silo anti-clogging device includes a sound energy generator, a pressure regulating gas tank, a high-pressure gas storage tank, and a motor. The sound energy generator includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder. The outer cylinder is connected to the pressure regulating gas tank, which is connected to the high-pressure gas storage tank via an electric ball valve A. The inner cylinder includes an inlet cylinder, a throat cylinder, and an outlet cylinder. The outlet cylinder has several air outlet holes on its radial outer surface. An exhaust pipe is connected to the outer cylinder and aligned with the air outlet holes. A Laval nozzle is fixedly installed on the exhaust pipe via a flange. A waveguide is connected to one end of the Laval nozzle. The end of the waveguide penetrates the coal mine silo and is in close contact with the inner wall of the coal mine silo. The motor shaft is connected to the inner cylinder via a coupling.

[0007] Furthermore, the top opening of the inlet cylinder faces the exhaust port of the pressure regulating gas tank. The maximum diameter of both the inlet and outlet cylinders is twice the diameter of the throat cylinder. One end of the outlet cylinder is a closed end, and the closed end of the outlet cylinder is connected to the motor coupling through a flange.

[0008] Furthermore, the connection ends between the inlet cylinder and the throat cylinder, and the connection ends between the outlet cylinder and the throat cylinder, are all integrally formed with tapered buffer tubes.

[0009] Furthermore, the Laval nozzle includes an inlet pipe, a throat nozzle, and an outlet pipe, with the throat nozzle connected in series and equipped with a flow regulating valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the waveguide includes a long tube and a curved tube. The long tube is connected to the Laval nozzle and has a narrow inlet and a wide outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, a pressure gauge is connected to the top of the pressure regulating gas tank.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The device of this application uses the waveguide designed with the properties of sound wave to effectively transmit the sound waves of solid vibration to the entire bin wall. The large acceleration generated by the high frequency sound waves can break the material plate and material arch at the same time, eliminate the phenomenon of material sticking to the wall, and the residual gas after gas-sound conversion can loosen and clear the coal powder in the coal bin. Through the continuous forward and reverse pushing and pulling forces, the accumulated material is caused to collapse in an "avalanche" manner, achieving a comprehensive and efficient clearing effect and greatly improving the efficiency of the blockage clearing operation. It effectively solves the three core problems existing in the traditional air cannon during the unblocking process, avoids the occurrence of energy runaway, and makes the unblocking process more stable and controllable; it significantly improves the unblocking efficiency, reduces the time and cost required for unblocking; at the same time, it reduces the risk of damage to the equipment, extends the service life of the equipment, and ensures the continuity and stability of production. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a top view of a coal mine silo anti-clogging device; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a coal mine silo and a waveguide. Figure 3 This is a front view of a coal mine silo anti-clogging device; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sound energy generator. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the waveguide and Laval nozzle.

[0016] In the picture: 1. Motor; 2. Outer cylinder; 201. Exhaust pipe; 3. Pressure regulating tank; 301. Pressure gauge; 4. Laval nozzle; 401. Inlet pipe; 402. Throat nozzle; 403. Outlet pipe; 5. Waveguide; 501. Long pipe; 502. Bend; 6. Electric ball valve A; 7. High-pressure gas storage tank; 8. Inner cylinder; 801. Inlet cylinder; 802. Throat cylinder; 803. Outlet cylinder; 9. Air outlet; 10. Flow regulating valve; 11. Coal mine silo. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Example 1: As Figure 1-5 As shown, this utility model discloses a coal mine silo anti-clogging device, including a sound energy generator, a pressure regulating gas tank 3, a high-pressure gas storage tank 7, a motor 1, a Laval nozzle 4, and a waveguide 5. The components work together to achieve efficient anti-clogging of the coal mine silo 11.

[0019] The sound energy generator includes an outer cylinder 2 and an inner cylinder 8. The outer cylinder 2 is connected to the pressure regulating gas tank 3, providing space for the airflow to enter and be initially regulated. The inner cylinder 8 has a unique structure, including an inlet cylinder 801, a throat cylinder 802, and an outlet cylinder 803. The top opening of the inlet cylinder 801 faces the exhaust port of the pressure regulating gas tank 3, which facilitates efficient reception of airflow from the pressure regulating gas tank 3. The maximum diameter of both the inlet cylinder 801 and the outlet cylinder 803 is twice the diameter of the throat cylinder 802. This design helps to stabilize the airflow and pressure changes.

[0020] The connection ends of the inlet cylinder 801 and the throat cylinder 802, and the connection ends of the outlet cylinder 803 and the throat cylinder 802 are all integrally formed with conical buffer tubes. The conical buffer tubes can buffer the airflow, reduce the impact and turbulence generated when the airflow passes through the throat cylinder 802, and make the airflow enter and exit the throat cylinder 802 more smoothly, thereby improving the stability and working efficiency of the sound energy generator.

[0021] The outer radial surface of the outlet cylinder 803 has several air outlet holes 9. The outer cylinder 2 is connected to and installed with an exhaust pipe 201. The exhaust pipe 201 is aligned with the air outlet holes 9. After the airflow passes through the inner cylinder 8 for adjustment, it is discharged from the air outlet holes 9 and enters the exhaust pipe 201 to prepare for the subsequent air-to-sound conversion.

[0022] The pressure regulating tank 3 is connected to the high-pressure storage tank 7 via an electric ball valve A6. A pressure gauge 301 is installed at the top of the tank. The function of the pressure regulating tank 3 is to regulate the pressure of the airflow from the high-pressure storage tank 7 to achieve a pressure range suitable for the operation of the sound energy generator. The pressure gauge 301 can display the pressure inside the pressure regulating tank 3 in real time. The operator can use the reading of the pressure gauge 301 to adjust the electric ball valve A6 to precisely control the pressure inside the pressure regulating tank 3, ensuring that the device operates under stable air pressure conditions.

[0023] The high-pressure gas storage tank 7 provides a high-pressure gas source for the entire device, storing sufficient high-pressure gas to ensure continuous and stable operation when needed. It is connected to the pressure regulating gas tank 3 via an electric ball valve A6, and the opening and closing of the electric ball valve A6 controls whether high-pressure gas enters the pressure regulating gas tank 3.

[0024] Motor 1 serves as the power source for the device. Its motor shaft is connected to the inner cylinder 8 via a coupling. Motor 1 provides power for the rotation of the inner cylinder 8, driving it to rotate. In this device, motor 1 can be a motor with stable output and adjustable speed. The speed range is usually set between 200-8000 rad / min. Through precise frequency conversion control technology, the output speed can be flexibly adjusted according to different unblocking requirements. This feature enables the sound wave modulator in the sound wave generator to perform precise multi-stage cutting of high-pressure air, thereby generating sound waves that meet the unblocking requirements.

[0025] The exhaust pipe 201 is fixedly installed with a Laval nozzle 4 via a flange. The Laval nozzle 4 includes an inlet pipe 401, a throat nozzle 402, and an outlet pipe 403. The throat nozzle 402 is connected in series with a flow regulating valve 10. The Laval nozzle 4 has a convergent-then-expanding geometry, which is its key feature. This structure can increase the airflow velocity and eject it at high speed. Compared with the traditional rotary table structure, it has higher pressure, faster flow rate, and better effect.

[0026] The flow regulating valve 10 is installed on the throat nozzle 402. By adjusting the flow regulating valve 10, the airflow through the Laval nozzle 4 can be controlled, thereby affecting the airflow velocity and pressure to meet the unblocking requirements under different working conditions. For example, when the blockage is more severe, the flow rate can be appropriately increased to improve the impact force and sound energy output of the airflow and enhance the unblocking effect.

[0027] One end of the waveguide 5 is connected to the Laval nozzle 4, and the other end passes through the coal mine silo 11 and is in close contact with the inner wall of the coal mine silo 11. The waveguide 5 includes a long tube 501 and a bend 502. The long tube 501 is connected to the Laval nozzle 4. The long tube 501 is narrow at the inlet and wide at the outlet. This design helps to guide and focus the airflow and sound waves ejected from the Laval nozzle 4, so that they are more effectively transmitted into the interior of the coal mine silo 11.

[0028] The waveguide 5 is made of 10mm thick 304 stainless steel and 304 flange, which has good corrosion resistance and pressure resistance. The waveguide 5 can withstand pressure >15MPa and can adapt to the complex working environment of the coal mine silo 11. The wear-resistant sleeve inside the silo is made of 13mm thick 304 stainless steel, which can effectively reduce the wear of materials on the waveguide 5 and extend the service life of the waveguide 5.

[0029] III. Working Principle and Process (a) Airflow supply and regulation The high-pressure gas stored in the high-pressure gas storage tank 7 enters the pressure regulating gas tank 3 through the electric ball valve A6. Based on the reading of the pressure gauge 301, the pressure regulating gas tank 3 adjusts the gas pressure to a suitable range for the sound energy generator's operation by regulating the electric ball valve A6. The adjusted airflow exits from the exhaust port of the pressure regulating gas tank 3 and enters the inlet cylinder 801 of the sound energy generator.

[0030] (II) Operation of the sound energy generator The airflow entering the inlet cylinder 801 is regulated by the throat cylinder 802 under the action of the inner cylinder 8 rotating driven by the motor 1. The rotation of the inner cylinder 8 and its unique structural design cause specific pressure and velocity changes in the airflow within the inner cylinder 8. The airflow is then discharged from the outlet 9 and enters the exhaust pipe 201, where it is further stabilized.

[0031] (III) Air-to-sound conversion and sound wave propagation The airflow in exhaust pipe 201 enters Laval nozzle 4. In Laval nozzle 4, the airflow first passes through the converging section (inlet pipe 401), where the velocity increases and the pressure decreases; then it reaches the speed of sound at the throat nozzle 402; finally, it passes through the expanding section (outlet pipe 403), where the velocity further increases, exceeding the speed of sound, forming a high-speed airflow. The interaction of the high-speed airflow generates high-intensity sound waves with adjustable frequency.

[0032] The generated sound waves are conducted into the coal mine silo 11 through the waveguide 5. Because low-frequency sound waves have a longer wavelength (longer duration) and larger displacement (2-5mm, millimeter-level, while other devices are micrometer-level), they are less absorbed by the environment, have good space filling, a larger effective range, and stronger diffraction ability, enabling them to clear blockages almost omnidirectionally throughout the entire coal mine silo 11. The greater the sound field energy and the lower the frequency, the wider the clearing range, the faster the speed, the more thorough the effect, and the easier it is for the accumulated material layer to detach.

[0033] (iv) Achievement of traffic congestion relief Sound waves propagate within the coal mine silo 11, vibrating and impacting the accumulated material, breaking up material slabs and arches, and eliminating material adhesion to the walls. Simultaneously, the residual gas after the gas-sound conversion enters the silo, loosening and clearing the coal dust. By applying continuous forward and reverse pushing and pulling forces to the accumulated material, an "avalanche"-like collapse is induced, achieving a "clearing" effect and effectively solving the blockage problem in the coal mine silo 11.

[0034] Application scenarios and advantages (a) Application Scenarios This device features a wide operating range, with operating temperatures ranging from -40℃ to 800℃. Specifically, it is divided into normal temperature type (≤250℃), medium temperature type (250~450℃), and high temperature type (≥450℃), which can be applied to coal mine silos 11 for anti-clogging under different temperature conditions, meeting the needs of various complex working conditions.

[0035] (II) Advantages Excellent unblocking effect: Utilizing low-frequency high-power sound waves and high-speed airflow generated by the Laval nozzle 4, it can remove accumulated material from any part of the coal bunker within the effective range, with a wide unblocking range, fast speed, and thorough effect.

[0036] Wide range of applications: Adaptable to working environments with different temperature conditions, and applicable to a wide range of scenarios.

[0037] Easy maintenance: The equipment operates externally, facilitating maintenance. The outer shell of the sound generator is made of ductile iron, while the inner sleeve is made of 40Cr alloy steel and equipped with a buffer device. The sound generator can withstand pressure >20MPa, has a long service life, and requires minimal maintenance.

[0038] Stable performance: The overall stable air chamber design provides stable air pressure and airflow for the equipment. When the pressure chamber is held at 0.6MPa for 5 minutes, the pressure drop is ≤0.05MPa, and the sound pressure level stability fluctuation is ≤±1dB (continuous operation for 4 hours), ensuring that the device can work continuously and stably.

[0039] Through the above specific embodiments, this anti-clogging device for coal mine silos 11 can effectively solve the clogging problem of coal mine silos 11, improve the efficiency and stability of coal mine production, and has significant economic and social benefits.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A coal mine silo anti-clogging device, characterized in that, The system includes a sound generator, a pressure regulating gas tank (3), a high-pressure gas storage tank (7), and a motor (1). The sound generator includes an outer cylinder (2) and an inner cylinder (8). The outer cylinder (2) is connected to the pressure regulating gas tank (3), and the pressure regulating gas tank (3) is connected to the high-pressure gas storage tank (7) through an electric ball valve A (6). The inner cylinder (8) includes an inlet cylinder (801), a throat cylinder (802), and an outlet cylinder (803). The outlet cylinder (803) has several air outlet holes (9) on its radial outer surface. The outer cylinder (2) is connected to an exhaust pipe (201), the exhaust pipe (201) is aligned with the air outlet (9), the exhaust pipe (201) is fixedly installed with a Laval nozzle (4) through a flange, one end of the Laval nozzle (4) is connected to a waveguide (5), the end of the waveguide (5) passes through the coal mine silo (11) and the end of the waveguide (5) is in close contact with the inner wall of the coal mine silo (11), and the motor shaft of the motor (1) is connected to the inner cylinder (8) through a coupling.

2. The anti-clogging device for coal mine silos according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top opening of the inlet cylinder (801) faces the exhaust port of the pressure regulating gas tank (3). The maximum diameter of both the inlet cylinder (801) and the outlet cylinder (803) is twice the diameter of the throat cylinder (802). One end of the outlet cylinder (803) is a closed end. The closed end of the outlet cylinder (803) is connected to the coupling of the motor (1) through a flange.

3. The anti-clogging device for coal mine silos according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connection ends of the inlet cylinder (801) and the throat cylinder (802), and the connection ends of the outlet cylinder (803) and the throat cylinder (802) are all integrally formed with conical buffer tubes.

4. The anti-clogging device for coal mine silos according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Laval nozzle (4) includes an inlet pipe (401), a throat nozzle (402), and an outlet pipe (403). The throat nozzle (402) is connected in series with a flow regulating valve (10).

5. The anti-clogging device for coal mine silos according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waveguide (5) includes a long tube (501) and a bend (502). The long tube (501) is connected to the Laval nozzle (4). The long tube (501) is narrow at the inlet and wide at the outlet.

6. The anti-clogging device for coal mine silos according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure gauge (301) is connected to the top of the pressure regulating gas tank (3).

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