A device for separating oil by screening demulsification air floatation

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of screening demulsification air floatation oil removal devices, belong to oil-water separation technical field, including upper cylinder, the bottom end of the upper cylinder is connected with tube sheet, the bottom surface of tube sheet is connected with lower cylinder, demulsification filter membrane is installed in the inside of tube sheet, the bottom end of demulsification filter membrane is through the inside of tube sheet and extends to the inside of lower cylinder, the inner bottom wall of lower cylinder is installed with nano bubble generator, the top end of nano bubble generator is connected with the bottom end of demulsification filter membrane, by adopting demulsification and air floatation separation synergistic effect, oil drop after demulsification is carried up by micro-nano bubble fast, separation speed is fast, without long time standing, while guaranteeing high separation purity, equipment processing capacity is considered, the balance contradiction of separation efficiency and production capacity in prior art is solved, simultaneously, filter cloth woven by using warp and weft weaving method is not easy to accumulate oil material, in combination with the scouring of air floatation effect to filter cloth surface, interface dirt accumulation is reduced, equipment maintenance frequency and maintenance cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of oil-water separation devices, specifically a screening, demulsification, and air flotation oil removal device. Background Technology

[0002] In rare earth smelting, both the extraction and back-extraction stages require oil-water separation. In the extraction stage, an aqueous solution containing rare earth elements is thoroughly mixed with an extractant (such as P507 or P204) to transfer the rare earth elements from the aqueous phase to the organic phase. The organic phase loaded with rare earth elements is then separated from the remaining aqueous phase. In the back-extraction stage, a back-extraction agent (usually an acid solution) is added to the organic phase loaded with rare earth elements, causing the rare earth elements to transfer to the aqueous phase. The aqueous phase containing rare earth elements is then separated from the recyclable organic phase.

[0003] Currently, the core technology for oil-water separation in rare earth smelting is gravity sedimentation separation, primarily achieved through a mixing and clarification tank, with centrifugal separation technology used as a supplement in some scenarios. Gravity sedimentation separation utilizes the density difference between the organic and aqueous phases, causing the two phases to separate into strata within the clarification tank, which are then collected separately. Under ideal conditions, this technology can meet basic separation requirements. However, emulsification issues arise: the rare earth feed contains Fe... 3 Al 3 Impurity ions, excessive stirring intensity, and pH fluctuations in the feed solution can easily lead to the formation of a stable emulsion between the two phases, resulting in a large number of emulsion droplets at the interface, making it difficult to separate into layers. This not only reduces separation efficiency but also causes extractant loss and rare earth loss. Furthermore, there is a trade-off between separation efficiency and production capacity: to improve separation purity, the settling time needs to be extended, leading to a decrease in equipment throughput; conversely, if high production capacity is pursued by shortening the settling time, the two phases will not separate completely, affecting subsequent back-extraction and extractant recycling. During long-term operation, suspended solids, impurities, and extractant degradation products in the feed solution will form viscous contaminants at the interface between the two phases. If not cleaned promptly, this will disrupt interface stability, further hindering phase separation and increasing equipment maintenance frequency. However, the following prominent problems exist in practical applications. Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a screening, demulsification, and flotation oil removal device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a screening, demulsification, and flotation oil removal device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A screening, demulsification, and flotation oil removal device includes an upper cylinder, a tube sheet connected to the bottom end of the upper cylinder, a lower cylinder connected to the bottom surface of the tube sheet, a demulsification filter membrane installed inside the tube sheet, the bottom end of the demulsification filter membrane penetrating the interior of the tube sheet and extending into the interior of the lower cylinder, a nanobubble generator installed on the inner bottom wall of the lower cylinder, the top end of the nanobubble generator connected to the bottom end of the demulsification filter membrane, a water inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe respectively connected to the outer surface of the lower cylinder, a water outlet pipe connected to the bottom surface of the lower cylinder, and an oil outlet pipe connected to the outer surface of the upper cylinder.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the substrate of the demulsifying filter membrane is a textile filter cloth with a mesh count of 300-700 mesh and a weaving method of warp and weft weaving.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model: both the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are circular structures, and the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are coaxially arranged.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model: liquid level observation grooves are provided on the outer surfaces of both the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder, and each liquid level observation groove is connected to a transparent glass.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model: the bottom surface of the lower cylinder is connected to two sets of support legs, and each support leg has a positioning hole inside.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0012] This screening, demulsification, and air flotation oil removal device employs a synergistic effect of demulsification and air flotation separation. After demulsification, oil droplets are rapidly carried to the surface by micro-nano bubbles, resulting in fast separation speed without the need for prolonged settling. While ensuring high separation purity, it also considers the equipment's processing capacity, resolving the contradiction between separation efficiency and production capacity in existing technologies. Furthermore, the filter cloth woven using a warp and weft weaving method is less prone to accumulating oily substances. Combined with the scouring effect of air flotation on the filter cloth surface, it reduces the accumulation of interface contaminants, thereby lowering the frequency and cost of equipment maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a screening, demulsification, air flotation, and oil removal device;

[0014] Figure 2 A bottom view of a screening, demulsification, and air flotation oil removal device;

[0015] Figure 3 A top sectional view of the upper cylinder of a screening, demulsification, flotation, and oil removal device;

[0016] Figure 4This is a front sectional view of a screening, demulsification, air flotation, and oil removal device.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Upper cylinder; 2. Tube sheet; 3. Lower cylinder; 4. Demulsifying filter membrane; 5. Nanobubble generator; 6. Water inlet pipe; 7. Air inlet pipe; 8. Water outlet pipe; 9. Oil outlet pipe; 10. Liquid level observation tank; 11. Support leg; 12. Positioning hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Please see Figures 1-4 In this embodiment of the present invention, a screening, demulsification, and flotation oil removal device includes an upper cylinder 1, a tube sheet 2 connected to the bottom end of the upper cylinder 1, a lower cylinder 3 connected to the bottom surface of the tube sheet 2, a demulsification filter membrane 4 installed inside the tube sheet 2, the bottom end of the demulsification filter membrane 4 penetrating the interior of the tube sheet 2 and extending into the interior of the lower cylinder 3, a nanobubble generator 5 installed on the inner bottom wall of the lower cylinder 3, the top end of the nanobubble generator 5 connected to the bottom end of the demulsification filter membrane 4, a water inlet pipe 6 and an air inlet pipe 7 connected to the outer surface of the lower cylinder 3, a water outlet pipe 8 connected to the bottom surface of the lower cylinder 3, and an oil outlet pipe 9 connected to the outer surface of the upper cylinder 1. By adopting an integrated design of screening + demulsification + flotation, the demulsification filter membrane 4 uses 300-700 mesh woven filter cloth as the substrate. The filter cloth in this mesh range can not only intercept large oil droplets through screening, but also enhance the demulsification effect through its porous structure, thus solving the problem of low removal rate of emulsified oil in traditional single treatment methods. The highly active nanobubbles generated by the nanobubble generator 5 have a strong adsorption capacity that allows oil droplets to bind tightly with the bubbles, significantly increasing the rising rate of the oil droplets.

[0019] The substrate of the demulsifying filter membrane 4 is a textile filter cloth with a mesh size of 300-700 mesh. The textile filter cloth is woven using a warp and weft weaving method. Both the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 3 are circular structures and are coaxially arranged. By using a 300-700 mesh warp and weft woven filter cloth as the demulsifying substrate, efficient demulsification is achieved through physical sieving, eliminating the need for demulsifiers and avoiding material contamination and equipment corrosion caused by demulsifiers. The circular structure and coaxial arrangement of the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 3 make the internal fluid flow more uniform and avoid processing dead zones caused by local eddies.

[0020] Liquid level observation grooves 10 are provided on the outer surfaces of both the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 3. Each liquid level observation groove 10 is connected to a transparent glass. Two sets of support legs 11 are connected to the bottom surface of the lower cylinder 3. Each support leg 11 is provided with a positioning hole 12. Using the liquid level observation grooves 10 on the outer surfaces of the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 3, as well as the built-in transparent glass, operators can intuitively monitor changes in the internal liquid level without the need for complex sensing equipment, thus simplifying the operation and monitoring process. Through the two sets of support legs 11 and the internal positioning holes 12 on the bottom surface of the lower cylinder 3, the device can be fixed to the ground with bolts, further improving the stability during operation and reducing equipment damage caused by vibration.

[0021] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When using this device, oily wastewater first enters the device through the inlet pipe 6 connected to the outer surface of the lower cylinder 3. Simultaneously, compressed air is input through the air inlet pipe 7 to the nanobubble generator 5 installed on the inner bottom wall of the lower cylinder 3. During this stage, the wastewater initially collects within the lower cylinder 3, providing a stable material base for subsequent treatment. At this time, the nanobubble generator 5 converts the input air into a large number of tiny nanobubbles. These bubbles have a large specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity. Their tops are directly connected to the bottom of the demulsifying filter membrane 4, allowing the bubbles to uniformly enter the internal channels of the demulsifying filter membrane 4. As the oily wastewater flows upward through the demulsifying filter membrane 4, the porous structure of the filter membrane substrate first filters and retains larger oil droplets in the wastewater. Simultaneously, the characteristics of the filter cloth surface disrupt the stability of the oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion, promoting the aggregation of emulsified oil droplets. During this process, nanobubbles entering from the bottom of the demulsifying filter membrane 4 come into full contact with and adsorb onto the aggregated oil droplets, forming an oil droplet-bubble composite system. The buoyancy of the bubbles provides the upward force for the oil droplets, and the oil-laden nanobubbles carry the oil droplets upward into the upper cylinder 1. Since the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 3 are coaxial circular structures, the flow resistance of the fluid in the upper cylinder 1 is reduced, and the flow velocity is slowed down, providing sufficient space for the upward separation of the oil droplet-bubble composite system. The oil droplets gradually float to the surface of the wastewater with the bubbles, forming a floating oil layer, and are finally discharged through the oil outlet pipe 9 on the outer surface of the upper cylinder 1; while the clean water after demulsification and flotation treatment flows downward and is discharged through the water outlet pipe 8 on the bottom surface of the lower cylinder 3, completing the entire oil removal process.

[0022] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this utility model, should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included within this utility model. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A screening, demulsification, and flotation oil removal device, characterized in that, The device includes an upper cylinder (1), with a tube sheet (2) connected to the bottom end of the upper cylinder (1). A lower cylinder (3) is connected to the bottom surface of the tube sheet (2). A demulsifying filter membrane (4) is installed inside the tube sheet (2). The bottom end of the demulsifying filter membrane (4) penetrates the interior of the tube sheet (2) and extends into the interior of the lower cylinder (3). A nanobubble generator (5) is installed on the inner bottom wall of the lower cylinder (3). The top end of the nanobubble generator (5) is connected to the bottom end of the demulsifying filter membrane (4). A water inlet pipe (6) and an air inlet pipe (7) are connected to the outer surface of the lower cylinder (3). A water outlet pipe (8) is connected to the bottom surface of the lower cylinder (3). An oil outlet pipe (9) is connected to the outer surface of the upper cylinder (1).

2. The screening, demulsification, and flotation oil removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate of the demulsifying filter membrane (4) is a textile filter cloth with a mesh count of 300-700 mesh and a weaving method of warp and weft weaving.

3. The screening, demulsification, and flotation oil removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the upper cylinder (1) and the lower cylinder (3) are circular structures, and the upper cylinder (1) and the lower cylinder (3) are coaxially arranged.

4. The screening, demulsification, and flotation oil removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surfaces of the upper cylinder (1) and the lower cylinder (3) are provided with liquid level observation grooves (10), and each liquid level observation groove (10) is connected to a transparent glass.

5. The screening, demulsification, and flotation oil removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the lower cylinder (3) is connected to two sets of support legs (11), and each support leg (11) has a positioning hole (12) inside.

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